JPH06347617A - Light diffusion plate and its production and display device - Google Patents
Light diffusion plate and its production and display deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH06347617A JPH06347617A JP5166431A JP16643193A JPH06347617A JP H06347617 A JPH06347617 A JP H06347617A JP 5166431 A JP5166431 A JP 5166431A JP 16643193 A JP16643193 A JP 16643193A JP H06347617 A JPH06347617 A JP H06347617A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- refractive index
- light
- particles
- display device
- diffusion plate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
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- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
- Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、入射光の吸収損失や入
射方向への反射損失が小さくて光の拡散効率や利用効率
に優れる光拡散板及びその製造方法、並びにかかる光拡
散板を設けた表示装置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a light diffusing plate which has a small absorption loss of incident light and a reflection loss in the incident direction and is excellent in light diffusing efficiency and utilization efficiency, a manufacturing method thereof, and a light diffusing plate. Display device.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、プロジェクションテレビや液晶表
示装置等の種々の光利用装置における光拡散板として
は、スリガラスの如く表面を粗面化したものや、透明基
材中に無機粉末等の反射性粒子を分散させたものが知ら
れていた。これらの光拡散板による光の拡散は、粗面化
表面や反射性粒子によって形成される屈折率の段差によ
る光の反射・散乱を利用したものであり、ρ2＝（ｎ1−
ｎ2）2／（ｎ1＋ｎ2）2で表される反射率（ρ：光が屈
折率ｎ1の物質からｎ2の物質に垂直入射した場合）によ
り支配される。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a light diffusing plate in various light utilizing devices such as a projection television and a liquid crystal display device, those having a roughened surface such as frosted glass, and a reflective material such as an inorganic powder in a transparent substrate are used. A dispersion of particles was known. The diffusion of light by these light diffusion plates utilizes the reflection / scattering of light due to the step of the refractive index formed by the roughened surface and the reflective particles, and ρ 2 = (n 1 −
It is dominated by the reflectance expressed by n 2 ) 2 / (n 1 + n 2 ) 2 (ρ: when light is vertically incident from the substance of refractive index n 1 to the substance of n 2 ).
【０００３】そのため、入射光の吸収損失が大きく、戻
り光（入射方向への反射分）も大きくて入射光の利用効
率に乏しい問題点があった。特にプロジェクションテレ
ビ等のプロジェクション式表示装置における光拡散板と
して、あるいは液晶式の表示装置におけるバックライト
用光拡散板としては光利用効率に乏しい問題点があっ
た。Therefore, there is a problem that the absorption loss of the incident light is large and the return light (reflected amount in the incident direction) is large and the utilization efficiency of the incident light is poor. In particular, as a light diffusing plate in a projection type display device such as a projection television, or as a light diffusing plate for a backlight in a liquid crystal type display device, there is a problem that the light utilization efficiency is poor.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は、入射光の吸
収損失や戻り光等による反射損失が小さくて光の利用効
率や拡散効率に優れる光拡散板を得ることを目的とし、
それを利用した視認性に優れる表示装置を得ることを目
的とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to obtain a light diffusing plate which is small in absorption loss of incident light and reflection loss due to return light and is excellent in light utilization efficiency and diffusion efficiency.
It is an object of the present invention to obtain a display device using it that has excellent visibility.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、内部と表面で
屈折率が０．００５以上異なる屈折率分布構造を有する
粒子を透明基材中に分散含有してなり、その粒子の表面
と透明基材との屈折率差が０．０１以下であることを特
徴とする光拡散板、及び前記の粒子と、この粒子の表面
との屈折率差が０．０１以下の透明体を形成する液状の
透明基材形成材とを混合し、その混合液を展開固化させ
ることを特徴とする光拡散板の製造方法を提供するもの
である。According to the present invention, particles having a refractive index distribution structure having a refractive index difference of 0.005 or more between the inside and the surface are dispersed and contained in a transparent substrate, and the surface of the particles and the transparency are transparent. A light diffusing plate having a refractive index difference of 0.01 or less with a base material, and a liquid forming a transparent body having a refractive index difference of 0.01 or less between the particles and the surface of the particles. The present invention provides a method for producing a light diffusing plate, which comprises mixing the transparent base material forming material of (1) and expanding and solidifying the mixed solution.
【０００６】[0006]
【作用】上記構成の光拡散板とすることにより、透明基
材・粒子界面での光の反射・散乱が防止されて光の吸収
損失や戻り光による反射損失が大幅に抑制されると共
に、屈折率分布構造を有する粒子による屈折効果に基づ
いて光が効率よく拡散される。その結果、前記界面での
光の反射・散乱の防止及び屈折を主流とした光路変更が
達成されて光の利用効率を向上させることができる。[Function] By using the light diffusing plate having the above-mentioned structure, reflection / scattering of light at the transparent substrate / particle interface is prevented, and absorption loss of light and reflection loss due to return light are significantly suppressed and refraction Light is efficiently diffused based on the refraction effect of the particles having the rate distribution structure. As a result, it is possible to prevent the reflection / scattering of light at the interface and change the optical path with refraction as the main flow, thereby improving the light utilization efficiency.
【０００７】[0007]
【実施例】本発明の光拡散板は、内部と表面で屈折率が
０．００５以上異なる屈折率分布構造を有する粒子を透
明基材中に分散含有し、その粒子の表面と透明基材との
屈折率差が０．０１以下であるものである。その例を図
１に示した。１１が透明基材、１２が屈折率分布構造を
有する粒子である。EXAMPLES The light diffusing plate of the present invention contains particles having a refractive index distribution structure in which the refractive index differs by 0.005 or more between the inside and the surface in a transparent base material, and the surface of the particle and the transparent base material are mixed. The refractive index difference is 0.01 or less. An example thereof is shown in FIG. Reference numeral 11 is a transparent substrate, and 12 is a particle having a refractive index distribution structure.
【０００８】屈折効果等の点より、粒子の内部と表面で
の好ましい屈折率差は、０．０１以上、就中０．０２以
上である。粒子における屈折率分布は、内部と表面の屈
折率差を可及的に連続変化で結ぶ分布が好ましい。屈折
率は、粒子の内部が大きくてもよいし、小さくてもよ
い。粒子の中心に屈折率の最大箇所又は最小箇所のある
ことが好ましいが、これに限定されない。From the viewpoint of refraction effect and the like, the difference in refractive index between the inside and the surface of the particle is preferably 0.01 or more, and more preferably 0.02 or more. The refractive index distribution in the particles is preferably a distribution in which the difference in refractive index between the inside and the surface is connected as continuously as possible. The refractive index inside the particle may be large or small. It is preferable that the center of the particle has a maximum refractive index or a minimum refractive index, but the present invention is not limited to this.
【０００９】用いる粒子の大きさは、目的とする光拡散
板の厚さ等により適宜に決定してよいが、一般には光拡
散効果の点より平均粒径に基づき１mm以下、就中０．０
１μm〜１mmのものが用いられる。粒子の好ましい平均
粒径は、０．１〜１００μm、就中２〜２０μmである。
なお、用いる粒子の粒径分布については特に限定はな
い。The size of the particles to be used may be appropriately determined depending on the intended thickness of the light diffusing plate, etc., but generally it is 1 mm or less, preferably 0.0 based on the average particle size from the viewpoint of the light diffusing effect.
Those having a size of 1 μm to 1 mm are used. The preferable average particle diameter of the particles is 0.1 to 100 μm, and particularly 2 to 20 μm.
The particle size distribution of the particles used is not particularly limited.
【００１０】屈折率分布構造を有する粒子の形成は例え
ば、重合性化合物中にベース粒子を浸漬するなどしてベ
ース粒子中に重合性化合物を含浸させ、その粒子を重合
処理に供して重合性化合物の重合体とベース粒子成分と
が濃度分布を有する状態で混在したものを得る方式など
により行うことができる。得られる粒子における屈折率
分布は、重合性化合物の含浸による濃度分布の調節や、
重合性化合物とベース粒子の屈折率等に基づく組合せな
どにより制御することができる。The formation of particles having a refractive index distribution structure is performed, for example, by immersing the base particles in the polymerizable compound to impregnate the polymerizable compound into the base particles, and subjecting the particles to a polymerization treatment to give the polymerizable compound. It can be carried out by a method of obtaining a mixture of the polymer and the base particle component in a state having a concentration distribution. The refractive index distribution in the obtained particles, the concentration distribution adjustment by impregnation of the polymerizable compound,
It can be controlled by a combination based on the refractive index of the polymerizable compound and the base particles.
【００１１】前記のベース粒子としては、ガラスやポリ
マー等の適宜な透明性の物質からなるものを用いうる。
一般には使用の波長光に対して良好な透明性を示すポリ
マーからなるものが用いられる。そのポリマーの例とし
ては、ポリオレフィン、各種合成ゴム、ポリ塩化ビニ
ル、ポリエステル、ポリスチレン、ポリアミド、セルロ
ース、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリアクリル酸エステ
ル、ポリメタクリル酸エステル、ポリウレタン、ポリウ
レタンアクリレート、エポキシアクリレートなどがあげ
られる。As the base particles, those made of an appropriate transparent substance such as glass or polymer can be used.
Generally, a polymer made of a polymer having good transparency to the wavelength of light used is used. Examples of the polymer include polyolefin, various synthetic rubbers, polyvinyl chloride, polyester, polystyrene, polyamide, cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid ester, polymethacrylic acid ester, polyurethane, polyurethane acrylate, and epoxy acrylate.
【００１２】ベース粒子に含浸させる重合性化合物とし
ては、例えばベンジルメタクリレートやスチレンの如き
熱重合性のモノマーやそのオリゴマー、トリブロモフェ
ノキシエチルアクリレートやトリフルオロエチルアクリ
レートの如き光重合性のモノマーやそのオリゴマーな
ど、ベース粒子とは異なる屈折率のポリマーを形成し、
ベース粒子への浸透能を有する適宜なものを用いうる。
なお含浸させる重合性化合物には、予めラジカル系等の
重合開始剤を配合することもできる。また重合性化合物
は２種以上を併用してもよい。The polymerizable compound with which the base particles are impregnated include, for example, thermally polymerizable monomers such as benzyl methacrylate and styrene and oligomers thereof, and photopolymerizable monomers such as tribromophenoxyethyl acrylate and trifluoroethyl acrylate and oligomers thereof. Forming a polymer with a different refractive index from the base particles,
Appropriate materials having the ability to penetrate into the base particles can be used.
The polymerizable compound to be impregnated may be preliminarily mixed with a radical initiator or the like. Two or more polymerizable compounds may be used in combination.
【００１３】屈折率分布構造を有する粒子を分散含有さ
せるための透明基材は、ガラスやポリマー等の適宜な透
明性の物質で形成することができる。一般には使用の波
長光に対して良好な透明性を示すポリマーで形成され
る。そのポリマーの例としては、上記のベース粒子で例
示したものなどがあげられる。The transparent substrate for dispersing and containing the particles having the refractive index distribution structure can be formed of an appropriate transparent substance such as glass or polymer. It is generally formed of a polymer that exhibits good transparency to the wavelength of light used. Examples of the polymer include those exemplified for the above base particles.
【００１４】本発明の光拡散板の製造は、例えば内部と
表面で屈折率が０．００５以上異なる屈折率分布構造を
有する粒子と、この粒子の表面との屈折率差が０．０１
以下の透明体を形成する液状の透明基材形成材とを混合
し、その混合液を基材形態に展開して固化させる方法な
どにより行うことができる。液状の透明基材形成材は、
ポリマーの溶剤溶液や溶融液等として得ることもできる
が、その場合には混合する屈折率分布構造を有する粒子
に耐溶剤性や耐熱性等が要求される。In the production of the light diffusing plate of the present invention, for example, a particle having a refractive index distribution structure having a refractive index difference of 0.005 or more between the inside and the surface and the refractive index difference between the surface of the particle is 0.01
It can be carried out by, for example, a method of mixing with a liquid transparent base material forming material for forming the following transparent body, and developing the mixed solution into a base material form to solidify. Liquid transparent substrate forming material,
It can be obtained as a solvent solution or a melt of a polymer, but in that case, the particles having a refractive index distribution structure to be mixed are required to have solvent resistance, heat resistance and the like.
【００１５】量産性等の点より光拡散板の好ましい製造
方法は、液状の透明基材形成材として熱や紫外線ないし
放射線等で重合処理できる液状物質を用い、それに屈折
率分布構造を有する粒子を混合分散させてその混合液の
展開層を重合処理する方法である。混合液の展開は、例
えば流延方式、塗布方式、ドクターブレード方式、ディ
ッピング方式、スピンコート方式、スプレー方式などの
適宜な方式で行ってよい。From the viewpoint of mass productivity, the preferred method for producing the light diffusing plate is to use a liquid substance that can be polymerized by heat, ultraviolet rays, radiation or the like as a liquid transparent base material, and to add particles having a refractive index distribution structure to it. This is a method of mixing and dispersing and polymerizing a developing layer of the mixed solution. The development of the mixed solution may be performed by an appropriate method such as a casting method, a coating method, a doctor blade method, a dipping method, a spin coating method, a spray method, or the like.
【００１６】光拡散板の厚さは、使用目的等に応じて適
宜に決定することができる。一般には、屈折率分布構造
を有する粒子が透明基材中に埋没した形態とする点よ
り、０．０５μm〜２０mm、就中０．１〜２００μm、特
に１〜５０μmとされる。前記粒子の含有量は、粒子の
大きさや目的とする光拡散の程度などにより適宜に決定
してよいが、一般には透明基材１００重量部あたり、１
０〜２００重量部、就中２０〜１００重量部程度とされ
る。The thickness of the light diffusing plate can be appropriately determined according to the purpose of use and the like. Generally, it is 0.05 μm to 20 mm, preferably 0.1 to 200 μm, and particularly 1 to 50 μm from the viewpoint that particles having a refractive index distribution structure are embedded in a transparent substrate. The content of the particles may be appropriately determined depending on the size of the particles, the intended degree of light diffusion, etc., but is generally 1 per 100 parts by weight of the transparent substrate.
The amount is set to 0 to 200 parts by weight, preferably 20 to 100 parts by weight.
【００１７】本発明においては、透明基材中に分散含有
させる屈折率分布構造を有する粒子の大きさ、屈折率差
などを制御することにより、光の拡散状態を変化させる
ことができ、戻り光等による損失を有効に低減すること
ができる。In the present invention, the diffusion state of light can be changed by controlling the size of the particles having the refractive index distribution structure to be dispersedly contained in the transparent substrate, the refractive index difference, and the like, and the return light can be changed. It is possible to effectively reduce the loss due to the above.
【００１８】本発明の光拡散板には、その表面に反射防
止層を設けることもできる。図２にその例を示した。１
が光拡散板、２が反射防止層である。反射防止層の付設
は、光拡散板に入射する光の反射を防止して入射光量の
増大による光の利用効率の向上に有効であるし、反射光
による視認妨害の防止にも有効である。The light diffusing plate of the present invention may be provided with an antireflection layer on its surface. The example is shown in FIG. 1
Is a light diffusion plate, and 2 is an antireflection layer. The addition of the antireflection layer is effective for preventing the reflection of the light incident on the light diffusion plate to improve the light utilization efficiency by increasing the amount of incident light, and also for preventing the visual interference due to the reflected light.
【００１９】従って反射防止層を有する光拡散板は、そ
の反射防止層側を介して表示装置等の被着体に接着して
もよいし、反射防止層側を視認側として被着体に接着し
てもよい。また反射防止層は、光拡散板の両表面に設け
てもよい。Therefore, the light diffusing plate having the antireflection layer may be adhered to an adherend such as a display device through the antireflection layer side, or may be adhered to the adherend with the antireflection layer side as the viewing side. You may. The antireflection layer may be provided on both surfaces of the light diffusion plate.
【００２０】反射防止層は、例えばフッ化マグネシウム
や屈折率が１．３８以下のフッ素系樹脂等を用いてなる
５０〜３００nm厚の低屈折率透明膜や多層薄膜からなる
公知の反射防止膜を設ける方式などの適宜な方式で形成
してよい。The antireflection layer is, for example, a low-refractive-index transparent film having a thickness of 50 to 300 nm formed of magnesium fluoride or a fluorine-based resin having a refractive index of 1.38 or less, or a known antireflection film formed of a multilayer thin film. It may be formed by an appropriate method such as a method of providing.
【００２１】また反射防止層は、反射防止膜中にその膜
厚よりも大きい粒径の微粒子を分散保持させて微粒子を
膜より突出させ、膜が指紋等で汚染されたり、クリーニ
ングで傷付くことを突出微粒子を介し防止するようにし
たものであってもよい。さらに導電性の透明微粒子を含
有して帯電防止機能を有し、塵埃等が付着しにくくした
ものなどであってもよい。In the antireflection layer, fine particles having a particle diameter larger than the film thickness are dispersed and held in the antireflection film so that the fine particles protrude from the film, and the film is contaminated by fingerprints or the like or scratched by cleaning. May be prevented through the protruding fine particles. Further, it may contain conductive transparent fine particles to have an antistatic function to prevent dust and the like from adhering thereto.
【００２２】前記の突出用微粒子としては通例、平均粒
径が１００〜６００nm程度のものが用いられ、粒径に基
づく機能が発揮されればよいことからセラミック等の無
機物やプラスチック等の有機物からなる種々のものを用
いることができる。好ましく用いうる微粒子は、シリ
カ、アルミナ、チタニア、ジルコニアなどからなる硬質
で透明膜に分散させた場合に透明性に優れるものであ
る。微粒子の分散量は、平面面積に基づいて透明膜の半
分以下、就中２０％以下とすることが好ましい。As the above-mentioned fine particles for protrusion, those having an average particle diameter of about 100 to 600 nm are usually used, and they are made of an inorganic material such as ceramics or an organic material such as plastics as long as the function based on the particle diameter is exerted. Various ones can be used. The fine particles that can be preferably used are made of silica, alumina, titania, zirconia, etc. and are hard and have excellent transparency when dispersed in a transparent film. The amount of fine particles dispersed is preferably half or less of the transparent film, and more preferably 20% or less, based on the planar area.
【００２３】一方、導電性の透明微粒子としては、透明
膜中に埋設できるもの、特に平均粒径が５〜１００nmの
ものが一般に用いられるが、前記の突出用微粒子を兼ね
るよう透明膜厚よりも大きいものを用いることもでき
る。好ましく用いうる導電性透明微粒子の例としては、
酸化錫、アンチモンやフッ素をドープした酸化錫、酸化
インジウム、錫をドープした酸化インジウム、酸化アン
チモンの如き導電性の金属酸化物からなるものなどがあ
げられる。導電性透明微粒子の分散量は、透明膜１００
重量部あたり０．１〜１０００重量部、就中１〜５００
重量部が適当である。On the other hand, as the conductive transparent fine particles, those which can be embedded in a transparent film, especially those having an average particle diameter of 5 to 100 nm are generally used. Larger ones can also be used. Examples of the conductive transparent fine particles that can be preferably used,
Examples include tin oxide, tin oxide doped with antimony or fluorine, indium oxide, indium oxide doped with tin, and conductive metal oxides such as antimony oxide. The conductive transparent fine particles are dispersed in the transparent film 100.
0.1 to 1000 parts by weight, especially 1 to 500 parts by weight
Parts by weight are suitable.
【００２４】前記微粒子含有の反射防止層の形成は、例
えばパーフルオロ系溶媒等の透明膜形成材を溶解させう
る溶媒に透明膜形成材を溶解させると共に保護用の微粒
子と、必要に応じての導電性透明微粒子とを分散させた
液を調製し、その調製液をディッピング方式、スピンコ
ート方式、スプレー方式等の適宜なコーティング方式で
光拡散板上に薄膜展開して造膜処理する方法などにより
行うことができる。The antireflection layer containing the fine particles is formed by dissolving the transparent film forming material in a solvent capable of dissolving the transparent film forming material such as a perfluoro-based solvent and protecting fine particles, and if necessary. Prepare a liquid in which conductive transparent fine particles are dispersed, and apply the prepared liquid to a thin film on a light diffusing plate by an appropriate coating method such as a dipping method, a spin coat method, or a spray method, to form a film. It can be carried out.
【００２５】また本発明の光拡散板は、図３に例示の如
く被着体に接着するための粘着層３を有していてもよ
い。粘着層の付設は、適宜な塗工機を用いて粘着剤を塗
工する方式や、セパレータ上に設けた粘着層を移着する
方式などの粘着テープ等の形成方法に準じた適宜な方式
で行うことができる。The light diffusing plate of the present invention may have an adhesive layer 3 for adhering to an adherend as illustrated in FIG. The attachment of the adhesive layer is a method of applying an adhesive using an appropriate coating machine, or an appropriate method according to a method of forming an adhesive tape or the like such as a method of transferring an adhesive layer provided on a separator. It can be carried out.
【００２６】付設する粘着層の厚さは、使用目的に応じ
て決定でき一般には１〜５００μmとされる。用いる粘
着剤は、例えばアクリル系粘着剤、ゴム系粘着剤、シリ
コーン系粘着剤など接着対象に応じて適宜に決定してよ
く、透明性や耐候性等に優れるものが好ましい。なお粘
着層は、実用に供するまでの間、セパレータ４などを仮
着して保護しておくことが好ましい。The thickness of the attached adhesive layer can be determined according to the purpose of use and is generally 1 to 500 μm. The pressure-sensitive adhesive to be used may be appropriately determined depending on the object to be bonded, such as an acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive, a rubber-based pressure-sensitive adhesive, or a silicone-based pressure-sensitive adhesive, and one having excellent transparency and weather resistance is preferable. The adhesive layer is preferably protected by temporarily attaching the separator 4 or the like until it is put to practical use.
【００２７】本発明の光拡散板は、例えば表示装置にお
ける画像光の拡散などの種々の目的に用いることができ
る。特にプロジェクションテレビの如き各種のプロジェ
クション式の表示装置や液晶式の表示装置などに好まし
く用いることができる。またバックライト式液晶表示装
置の如くバックライトを使用した装置の場合には、その
バックライトを拡散する目的などでも用いることができ
る。The light diffusion plate of the present invention can be used for various purposes such as diffusion of image light in a display device. In particular, it can be preferably used for various projection type display devices such as projection television and liquid crystal type display devices. In the case of a device using a backlight such as a backlight type liquid crystal display device, it can be used for the purpose of diffusing the backlight.
【００２８】従って上記したように本発明の光拡散板
は、種々の光学式装置の視認側や内部等の適宜な箇所に
配置することができる。その例を図４、図５に示した。
図４は本発明の光拡散板を視認側表面に有する液晶表示
装置を示したものである。図５は、本発明の光拡散板を
バックライト側に有する液晶表示装置を示したものであ
る。Therefore, as described above, the light diffusing plate of the present invention can be arranged at an appropriate position such as the visible side or the inside of various optical devices. Examples thereof are shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.
FIG. 4 shows a liquid crystal display device having the light diffusion plate of the present invention on the viewing side surface. FIG. 5 shows a liquid crystal display device having the light diffusion plate of the present invention on the backlight side.
【００２９】液晶表示装置は一般に、光拡散板、偏光
板、位相差板、液晶セル、バックライト、反射板等の構
成部品を適宜に組立てて駆動回路を組込むことなどによ
り構成されるが、本発明においては上記した光拡散板を
用いる点を除いて特に限定はなく従来に準じて形成する
ことができ、プロジェクション式の表示装置等の他の用
途においても同様である。A liquid crystal display device is generally constituted by appropriately assembling components such as a light diffusing plate, a polarizing plate, a retardation plate, a liquid crystal cell, a backlight and a reflecting plate and incorporating a drive circuit. The invention is not particularly limited except that the above-mentioned light diffusing plate is used, and can be formed according to the conventional method, and the same applies to other applications such as a projection type display device.
【００３０】なお図４、図５において、１は光拡散板、
５は偏光板、６は位相差板、７はカラー表示式の液晶セ
ル、８はバックライトシステムである。例示の液晶表示
装置において必要に応じて設けられる位相差板６は、液
晶セル７の片側又は両側の任意な位置、就中、視認側の
偏光板５よりも内側の任意な位置に配置することができ
る。In FIGS. 4 and 5, 1 is a light diffusion plate,
Reference numeral 5 is a polarizing plate, 6 is a retardation plate, 7 is a color display type liquid crystal cell, and 8 is a backlight system. The retardation plate 6 provided as necessary in the exemplified liquid crystal display device is arranged at an arbitrary position on one side or both sides of the liquid crystal cell 7, in particular, at an arbitrary position inside the polarizing plate 5 on the viewing side. You can
【００３１】実施例１ 表面の屈折率が１．４９で中心部のそれが１．５７であ
り、中心から表面に向い屈折率が二次曲線的に良好に分
布する屈折率分布構造を有する平均粒径が約５μmの粒
子５０重量部を、液状の紫外線硬化型樹脂に均等に分散
させてそれを平坦ガラス板上に流延し、紫外線で硬化さ
せて厚さ５０μmのフィルム状の光拡散板を得た。用い
た紫外線硬化型樹脂は、前記粒子の表面屈折率（１．４
９）とほぼ同じ屈折率の透明体を形成するように調製し
たものである。前記の光拡散板は、全光線透過率９０
％、ヘイズ値９０％の光学特性を示すものであった。Example 1 Average having a refractive index distribution structure in which the refractive index of the surface is 1.49 and that of the central part is 1.57, and the refractive index from the center to the surface is well distributed quadratically 50 parts by weight of particles having a particle size of about 5 μm are evenly dispersed in a liquid ultraviolet curable resin, cast on a flat glass plate, and cured by ultraviolet rays to form a film-like light diffusion plate having a thickness of 50 μm. Got The UV curable resin used had a surface refractive index (1.4
It was prepared so as to form a transparent body having almost the same refractive index as that of 9). The light diffusion plate has a total light transmittance of 90.
%, And a haze value of 90%.
【００３２】なお前記で用いた粒子は、ベンジルメタク
リレート１００重量部とエチレンジメタクリレート５重
量部からなる平均粒径５μm、粒径分布の標準偏差０．
５μmの架橋重合体粒子１重量部（乾燥重量）及びポリ
ビニルアルコール（分散安定剤）０．０５重量部を含む
水性エマルジョン３００重量部をコンデンサー装備のセ
パラブルフラスコに入れ、撹拌羽根による撹拌下にウォ
ーターバス中で７０℃に昇温したのち、過酸化ベンゾイ
ル（重合開始剤）０．０１５重量部含有のメチルメタク
リレート３重量部を加えて前記架橋重合体粒子をシード
粒子とするシード重合を５時間行い、ついでウォーター
バスより反応系を取だして冷却させ重合を終了させるこ
とにより得た。The particles used above had an average particle size of 5 μm consisting of 100 parts by weight of benzyl methacrylate and 5 parts by weight of ethylene dimethacrylate, with a standard deviation of the particle size distribution of 0.
300 parts by weight of an aqueous emulsion containing 1 part by weight (dry weight) of 5 μm crosslinked polymer particles and 0.05 part by weight of polyvinyl alcohol (dispersion stabilizer) was placed in a separable flask equipped with a condenser, and water was stirred under stirring with a stirring blade. After heating to 70 ° C. in a bath, 3 parts by weight of methyl methacrylate containing 0.015 parts by weight of benzoyl peroxide (polymerization initiator) was added to carry out seed polymerization using the crosslinked polymer particles as seed particles for 5 hours. Then, the reaction system was taken out from the water bath and cooled to complete the polymerization.
【００３３】実施例２ 表面の屈折率が１．４９で中心部のそれが１．６０であ
り、中心から表面に向い屈折率が二次曲線的に良好に分
布する屈折率分布構造を有する平均粒径が約５μmの粒
子を用いたほかは実施例１に準じて、厚さ５０μmのフ
ィルム状の光拡散板を得た。この光拡散板は、全光線透
過率９０％、ヘイズ値９０％の光学特性を示した。Example 2 An average having a refractive index distribution structure in which the refractive index of the surface is 1.49 and that of the central portion is 1.60, and the refractive index from the center to the surface is well distributed quadratically. A film-like light diffusing plate having a thickness of 50 μm was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that particles having a particle size of about 5 μm were used. This light diffusing plate showed optical characteristics with a total light transmittance of 90% and a haze value of 90%.
【００３４】なお前記で用いた粒子は、スチレン１００
重量部とジビニルベンゼン５重量部からなる平均粒径５
μm、粒径分布の標準偏差０．５μmの架橋重合体粒子１
重量部（乾燥重量）及びポリビニルアルコール０．０５
重量部を含む水性エマルジョン３００重量部をコンデン
サー装備のセパラブルフラスコに入れ、撹拌羽根による
撹拌下にウォーターバス中で７５℃に昇温したのち、過
酸化ベンゾイル０．０１５重量部含有のメチルメタクリ
レート３重量部を加えて前記架橋重合体粒子をシード粒
子とするシード重合を５時間行い、ついでウォーターバ
スより反応系を取だして冷却させ重合を終了させること
により得た。The particles used above are styrene 100
Average particle size of 5 parts by weight and 5 parts by weight of divinylbenzene 5
Crosslinked polymer particles 1 with a particle size distribution of 0.5 μm and standard deviation of 0.5 μm
Parts by weight (dry weight) and polyvinyl alcohol 0.05
300 parts by weight of an aqueous emulsion containing 1 part by weight was placed in a separable flask equipped with a condenser, and the temperature was raised to 75 ° C. in a water bath while stirring with a stirring blade, and then methyl methacrylate 3 containing 0.015 parts by weight of benzoyl peroxide was added. Seed polymerization was carried out for 5 hours by adding parts by weight and using the crosslinked polymer particles as seed particles, and then the reaction system was taken out from the water bath and cooled to complete the polymerization.
【００３５】比較例１ 表面及び内部の屈折率が１．５９で屈折率分布構造を有
しないポリスチレンマイクロビーズ（平均粒径約５μ
m）と、屈折率がほぼ１．５９の透明体を形成するよう
に調製した紫外線硬化型樹脂を用いたほかは実施例１に
準じて、厚さ５０μmのフィルム状の光拡散板を得た。
この光拡散板は、９０％の全光線透過率を示したものの
ヘイズ値は２．４％であった。Comparative Example 1 Polystyrene microbeads having a refractive index of 1.59 on the surface and inside and having no refractive index distribution structure (average particle size: about 5 μm)
m) and an ultraviolet curable resin prepared so as to form a transparent body having a refractive index of about 1.59, and a film-like light diffusion plate having a thickness of 50 μm was obtained according to Example 1. .
This light diffusing plate showed a total light transmittance of 90%, but the haze value was 2.4%.
【００３６】比較例２ 表面及び内部の屈折率が１．４９で屈折率分布構造を有
しないポリメチルメタクリレートマイクロビーズ（平均
粒径約５μm）と、屈折率が１．５９の透明体を形成す
るように調製した紫外線硬化型樹脂を用いたほかは実施
例１に準じて、厚さ５０μmのフィルム状の光拡散板を
得た。この光拡散板は、全光線透過率が７０％でヘイズ
値が７０％であった。Comparative Example 2 Polymethylmethacrylate microbeads (average particle size: about 5 μm) having a refractive index of 1.49 on the surface and inside and having no refractive index distribution structure, and a transparent body having a refractive index of 1.59 are formed. A film-like light diffusing plate having a thickness of 50 μm was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the ultraviolet curable resin thus prepared was used. This light diffusion plate had a total light transmittance of 70% and a haze value of 70%.
【００３７】[0037]
【発明の効果】本発明によれば、吸収損失や反射損失が
小さく、光の拡散効率や利用効率に優れる光拡散板を得
ることができ、視認性に優れる表示装置を得ることがで
きる。また本発明の製造方法は、かかる光拡散板の量産
性に優れている。According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a light diffusing plate having small absorption loss and reflection loss and excellent light diffusion efficiency and utilization efficiency, and it is possible to obtain a display device having excellent visibility. Further, the manufacturing method of the present invention is excellent in mass productivity of such a light diffusion plate.
【図１】光拡散板の実施例の断面図。FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an embodiment of a light diffusion plate.
【図２】光拡散板の他の実施例の断面図。FIG. 2 is a sectional view of another embodiment of the light diffusion plate.
【図３】光拡散板のさらに他の実施例の断面図。FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of still another embodiment of the light diffusion plate.
【図４】液晶表示装置を例示した断面図。FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a liquid crystal display device.
【図５】他の液晶表示装置を例示した断面図。FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating another liquid crystal display device.
１：光拡散板 １１：透明基材 １２：屈折率分布構造を有する粒子 ２：反射防止層 ３：粘着層 ５：偏光板 ６：位相差板 ７：カラー表示式の液晶セル ８：バックライトシステム 1: Light Diffusing Plate 11: Transparent Substrate 12: Particles Having Refractive Index Distribution Structure 2: Antireflection Layer 3: Adhesive Layer 5: Polarizing Plate 6: Phase Difference Plate 7: Color Display Type Liquid Crystal Cell 8: Backlight System
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 原 和孝 大阪府茨木市下穂積１丁目１番２号 日東 電工株式会社内 (72)発明者 藤村 保夫 大阪府茨木市下穂積１丁目１番２号 日東 電工株式会社内 (72)発明者 梅本 清司 大阪府茨木市下穂積１丁目１番２号 日東 電工株式会社内 (72)発明者 小池 康博 神奈川県横浜市緑区市ケ尾町534番地23 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Kazutaka Hara 1-2-2 Shimohozumi, Ibaraki City, Osaka Prefecture Nitto Denko Corporation (72) Inventor Yasuo Fujimura 1-2-1, Shimohozumi, Ibaraki City, Osaka Prefecture Nitto Denko Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Kiyoshi Umemoto 1-2-2 Shimohozumi, Ibaraki City, Osaka Prefecture Nitto Denko Co., Ltd.
Claims (6)
なる屈折率分布構造を有する粒子を透明基材中に分散含
有してなり、その粒子の表面と透明基材との屈折率差が
０．０１以下であることを特徴とする光拡散板。1. A transparent substrate containing particles having a refractive index distribution structure in which the refractive index differs by 0.005 or more between the inside and the surface, and the difference in the refractive index between the surface of the particle and the transparent substrate. A light diffusing plate which is 0.01 or less.
なる屈折率分布構造を有する粒子と、この粒子の表面と
の屈折率差が０．０１以下の透明体を形成する液状の透
明基材形成材とを混合し、その混合液を展開固化させる
ことを特徴とする光拡散板の製造方法。2. A liquid transparent group for forming a transparent body having a refractive index difference of 0.01 or less between particles having a refractive index distribution structure having a refractive index difference of 0.005 or more between the inside and the surface of the particles. A method for producing a light diffusing plate, which comprises mixing a material forming material and expanding and solidifying the mixed liquid.
する請求項１に記載の光拡散板。3. The light diffusing plate according to claim 1, further comprising an antireflection layer on the surface.
側表面に有することを特徴とする液晶式の表示装置。4. A liquid crystal display device comprising the light diffusing plate according to claim 1 or 3 on a viewing side surface.
クライト側に有することを特徴とする液晶式の表示装
置。5. A liquid crystal display device comprising the light diffusion plate according to claim 1 or 3 on the backlight side.
ることを特徴とするプロジェクション式の表示装置。6. A projection-type display device comprising the light diffusing plate according to claim 1.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5166431A JPH06347617A (en) | 1993-06-10 | 1993-06-10 | Light diffusion plate and its production and display device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5166431A JPH06347617A (en) | 1993-06-10 | 1993-06-10 | Light diffusion plate and its production and display device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH06347617A true JPH06347617A (en) | 1994-12-22 |
Family
ID=15831293
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5166431A Pending JPH06347617A (en) | 1993-06-10 | 1993-06-10 | Light diffusion plate and its production and display device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH06347617A (en) |
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