JPH06343972A - Electrolytic ion flocculation apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To neutralize electric charges of a colloidal component and a suspended component dispersed in an electrolytic liq. with an eluting ion from an anode, aggromelate them by the actions of crosslinking of an insoluble hydroxide and van der Waals force, stir and associate the aggromelation by means of floating flow of gas bubbles, separate and remove them with a high accuracy by means of a simple filtering and adsorption material and avoid changing in pH value of the treating liq. CONSTITUTION:A cathode cylinder 3 and an anode cylinder 4 are formed of the same material as aluminum in a liq. tank 1 and are arranged on an insulation ring 6 and a flange 8 with an opening 5 for a stored soln. It is possible thereby to flocculate fine particles in city water, waste water, cutting liq. and washing liq. for a machine, to make filtering and adsorption easy and suppress change in the pH value.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to suspensions, colloidal components contained in tap water, sewage, etc., oils and sludges in water-based cleaning fluids, and emulsion oils and fine particles in water-soluble cutting fluids. Impurities that disperse in the electrolyte and cause troubles are stirred by the bubbles of hydrogen and oxygen generated by electrolysis, charge neutralization of colloidal particles, etc., and positively charged polyvalent ions from the anode that perform a crosslinking action, soluble polymer The present invention relates to electrolytic flocculation in which flocculation and flotation are facilitated by ion and insoluble hydroxide to facilitate separation by filtration.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, solid-liquid separation in water and sewage has been problematic because it requires a vast facility area and processing time. Also,
There is no simple means to effectively remove oil and sludge that have been emulsified and suspended in the water-based cleaning solution and to reuse them by circulation. Further, there is no means for separating and removing the water-soluble cutting oil from the waste fluid of the cutting fluid containing emulsified oil, which is commonly called "emulsion", and discharging only water as it is. Furthermore, there is no one that can effectively and quickly separate and remove the white turbidity, emulsified oil content, sludge that diffuses and suspends, which is mixed in the cleaning liquid used in the water-based cleaning machine, and that only water can be discharged as it is.

Therefore, the applicant of the present invention has proposed that the anode is made of a material such as aluminum, iron, etc., which produces positively charged polyvalent ions, hydroxylated polymer ions, and insoluble hydroxide, and the cathode is made of We proposed an ion aggregator composed of a physically and chemically stable material such as graphite and capable of aggregating and agglomerating the colloidal components dispersed in the liquid by charge neutralization and crosslinking. However, in the electrolysis step, there was a problem that the liquid migrated to the alkali side.

[0004]

That is, the electrolytic ion aggregating apparatus of the present invention uses the same material such as positively charged multivalent ions and aluminum which produces insoluble hydroxide during electrolysis in the liquid tank. By forming both electrodes, the negatively charged colloidal components dispersed in the liquid are neutralized by the positively charged ions from the anode, and the agglomeration by the force of Van der Waals and the stirring flow of hydrogen and oxygen gas , Hydrogen ions (H +), hydroxyl ions (O) in the liquid in the process of agglomeration
H-) adsorption, storage, chemical reaction consumption,
The gist is the feature that the pH of the liquid is stabilized and the post-treatment of the liquid is unnecessary.

The present invention adsorbs, stores, and chemically reacts with hydrogen ions and hydroxyl ions such as aluminum and iron on both the negative and positive electrodes in a liquid tank incorporated in equipment such as clean water, sewage treatment, and washing machines, and a system. It is an object of the present invention to provide an electrolytic ion aggregating apparatus capable of causing no change in pH value in liquid by configuring an electrolytic tool with a material that does not consume.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an electrolytic tool composed of a material capable of generating positively charged multiply charged ions on both electrodes, and disperse it in a liquid by positively charged ions from both electrodes. Neutralizes the negatively charged colloidal component,
It enables flocculation and flocking due to van der Waals' force, and hydrogen and oxygen bubbles from both poles generate levitation convection in the entire liquid tank. It is an object of the present invention to provide an electrolytic ion aggregating apparatus capable of solid-liquid separation with high accuracy even by agglomeration as described above and simple filtration and adsorption.

Another object of the present invention is to:
By forming both electrodes from the same material from aluminum, iron, etc., it is possible to continue the process even by reverse electrolysis, reduce the consumption of electrodes, and increase the durability of electrolytic ions An aggregating device is provided.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide an electrolytic ion aggregating apparatus capable of cleaning the surface of the cathode side by hydrogen gas by reverse electrolysis and always keeping it clean. is there.

[0009]

[Means for Solving the Problems] That is, the electrolytic ion aggregating apparatus of the present invention is a polyelectrolyte which is a conductor and is positively charged during electrolysis in a liquid tank in which colloid, particles having a suspension diameter, and oil are dispersed. Ion, soluble polymer ion, insoluble hydroxide are generated, charge neutralization and cross-linking of the dispersion component are carried out, and hydrogen ions (H) capable of aggregating and agglomerating and determining the pH level in the liquid (H
+), Hydroxyl ions (OH-) are not adsorbed, stored, and consumed by chemical reaction. Aluminum and other materials are used to configure both electrodes, the pH is minimized, and the removed substances dispersed in the liquid tank are aggregated and easily separated. It is configured by making it possible.

[0010]

Next, the electrolytic ion aggregating apparatus of the present invention will be described in detail in the following examples.

FIG. 1 is a perspective sectional view showing the structure of an electrolytic ion aggregating apparatus in which aluminum is used as a cathode and an anode material in a liquid tank, each of which is molded and installed in a cylinder.

In FIG. 1, the liquid tank 1 is constructed by cutting a PVC pipe, which is an insulator, into slices, and also by welding a PVC plate to the insulating plate 2 at the bottom. The cathode 3 and the anode 4 were formed into a cylinder and used as respective electrodes. And, in the lower part of the cathode cylinder 3,
An insulating ring 6 having a replenishing liquid opening 5 is provided to insulate the aluminum bottom plate electrode 7 having a full inner diameter placed on the insulating plate 2 forming the bottom of the liquid tank 1. On the other hand, the anode cylinder 4 is provided with a thick flange 8 that comes into full contact with the aluminum bottom plate electrode 7 and fits into the inner diameter of the insulating ring 6, and is fixed to the aluminum bottom plate electrode 7 with a bolt or the like not shown. is there. A large number of circulation openings 9 are provided on the entire circumference of the anode cylinder 4 so that the liquid in the anode cylinder 4 can be supplied to the cathode cylinder 3
Easy to circulate inward. On the outer peripheral portion of the liquid tank 1, there are provided a raw liquid inlet 10 from another device (not shown), a purified liquid outlet 11, and a scum outlet 13 of a scum 12 that has flocculated and floated. The gantry 14 is for height determination in order to define electrical insulation from the installation surface.

Next, the principle of agglomeration in this apparatus will be described with reference to the schematic diagram of FIG.
When 5 is connected, the anode cylinder 4 attached in contact with it becomes a positive electrode 15 via the flange 8. The outer cathode cylinder 3 has a negative electrode 1 from the outside of the liquid surface 16.
7 is connected. When electrolyzing and electrolyzing in a liquid in which colloidal components, suspension components, etc. (not shown) are dispersed,
From the anode cylinder 4, the aluminum bottom electrode 7, and the flange 8, it binds to trivalent simple ions (Al 3+) 18a in a strongly acidic state, and hydroxide ions (OH −) in water at a pH of around 4 to 5,
Positively charged soluble polymer ion [Al 8 (OH) 4 + / 2
[0] 18b is generated, and an action of neutralizing the charge of the normally negatively charged colloid and suspension components is produced. As a result, the fine particles can be bonded to each other by Van der Waals forces. Furthermore, aluminum, iron, and the like form insoluble hydroxides, have a cross-linking action that further enhances binding by van der Waals at the same time as charge neutralization, and is an effective material. Furthermore, by energizing, the minute bubbles of hydrogen gas on the cathode side and oxygen gas on the anode side generated from the surfaces of the opposite electrodes directly facing each other become an upward flow from the bottom side, not only making the flocs levitate but also causing mutual collision of agglomerated particles. Repeatedly creates a complex effect that greatly advances the agglomeration.

The principle of electrolytic aggregation in FIG. 2 will be described in detail.
By electrolysis, positively charged multiply charged ions of aluminum (Al
3+) 18a or polymer ion [Al 8 (OH) 4
+ / 20] 18b is generated, and the dispersed particles (not shown) are neutralized by charge. At the same time, as the hydrogen gas 19 and oxygen gas 20 rising from the polar surface rise, the particles whose surface potential is near the isoelectric point are It becomes a floc and is crosslinked by insoluble aluminum hydroxide which is generated at the same time, strengthens the bond, and floats while stacking the agglomerates to form the scum 12. As a result, a new stock solution from the outside is introduced from the replenisher opening 5, and the same steps are performed. In the illustrated embodiment, the cathode cylinder 3 is 120
The diameter of the anode cylinder 4 is 100 mm and the diameter of the anode cylinder 4 is 100 mm. To prevent the liquid from staying in the anode cylinder 4, the anode cylinder 4 is provided with an infinite number of circulation openings 9 having a diameter of 3 mm by punching.
It should be noted that, since the size of the electrolyzer becomes large and the amount of gas generated increases, there is a danger of explosion. Therefore, it is necessary to dilute with a large amount of air so that the concentration is below the dangerous point, and to completely discharge it to the outside by a duct. In the actual electrolysis, the current value changes depending on the degree of electrolysis of the sample. In the test, the voltage value was determined by the sample, but the current density was 10 A / dm.
^The range was set to not exceed ² . In the waste liquid containing the general cleaning agent and colloidal components used in the water-based cleaning machine, since the electrolysis is high, the upper limit of current can be passed, and the liquid level rises from the inner wall of the cathode cylinder 3. Hydrogen bubbles are generated, and after a few seconds, in the oxygen bubbles on the outer peripheral surface of the anode cylinder 4,
Suddenly, scums that aggregated in millimeters suddenly emerged one after another,
I could see it floating on the surface of the water. During that time, on the cathode side, countless flocs stirred in hydrogen bubbles could be confirmed.

FIG. 3 is characterized in that a cathode flat plate 21, an anode flat plate 22 and a gap serving as a passage for liquid are provided in the lower portion, and both electrodes are arranged at the same height as the housing 23 so that the scum overflows in the upper portion. It is composed. Table 1 shows the results of electrolytic ion agglomeration tests according to the examples of the cleaning waste liquid from the steelworks, and Table 2 shows the results of electrolytic agglomeration using graphite for the cathode. Further, Table 3 shows the analysis results of BOD and COD values for Table 1.

[0016]

[Table 1]

[0017]

[Table 2]

[0018]

[Table 3]

[0019]

As described above, according to the present invention,
By constructing the negative and positive electrodes with materials that do not adsorb, store, and consume chemical reactions such as aluminum and iron, hydrogen ions and hydroxyl ions, there is the practical benefit of not changing the pH value in the liquid.

Further, according to the present invention, an electrolytic tool constructed by using a material for generating positively charged multiply charged ions is provided on both electrodes, and a load dispersed in the liquid by positively charged ions from both electrodes. Charge neutralization of the colloidal component of electricity, enabling aggregation and flocculation by the force of Van der Waals, and generation of floating convection in the entire liquid tank by hydrogen and oxygen bubbles from both electrodes The microflocs of micron collide with each other and agglomerate to several hundreds of microns or more, and even with simple filtration and adsorption, there is a practical advantage that highly accurate liquid separation is possible.

Furthermore, according to the present invention, by constructing both electrodes from the same material from among aluminum and iron, the process can be continued even by reverse electrolysis, and the consumption of electrodes can be reduced. It has the practical benefit of increasing durability.

Furthermore, according to the present invention, there is a merit that the surface on the side serving as the cathode can be cleaned with hydrogen gas by the reverse electrolysis so that it can always be kept clean.

[0023]

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective sectional view including a partial section for explaining an electrolytic ion aggregating apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating aggregation and agglomeration of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view including a partial cross section showing an embodiment using a flat plate for each of a cathode and an anode.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Liquid Tank 2 Insulating Plate 3 Cathode Cylinder 4 Anode Cylinder 5 Replenishing Liquid Opening 6 Insulating Ring 7 Aluminum Bottom Plate Electrode 8 Flange 9 Circulating Opening 10 Raw Liquid Inlet 11 Purifying Liquid Discharging Outlet 12 Scum 13 Stand 15 Positive Electrode 16 Liquid Level 17 Negative electrode 18a, 18b Positively charged ions 19 Hydrogen gas 20 Oxygen gas 21 Cathode plate 22 Anode plate 23 Housing

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A cathode is formed of a metal that is physically and chemically stable and has conductivity, and the anode has conductivity, and positively charged polyvalent ions, soluble polymer ions, and insoluble hydroxide during electrolysis. By using materials such as aluminum and iron that generate substances, negatively charged colloids dispersed in the liquid, suspended components are neutralized by charge, crosslinked, aggregated, and agglomerated. (H +), hydroxyl ion (O
An electrolytic ion aggregator characterized in that it is possible to minimize the change in pH without adsorbing, storing, and consuming chemical reaction of H-). 2. Both electrodes are made of the same material from materials that produce polyvalent ions such as aluminum and iron, soluble polymer ions, and insoluble hydroxide,
The process can be continued as it is even after reverse electrolysis, the consumption of electrodes is reduced, and the durability is improved.
Electrolytic ion aggregator. 3. The electrolytic ion aggregating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the surface on the side of the cathode is washed with hydrogen gas by reverse electrolysis to keep it clean at all times.