JPH06304569A - Electrolytic flocculation device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To separate and remove colloidal components and suspended components which are dispersed in an electrolyte, with precision and even with a simple filtration adsorbent by charging and neutralizing them by ions, flocculating them by the ion bridging action and the van der Waals force and aggregating them by the agitating force by floating flow of gas bubbles. CONSTITUTION:In a liquid tank 1, cathodic cylinders 3 of physically and chemically stable graphite, etc., and anodic cylinders 4 of aluminum and iron, etc., which have both the charging neutralization and bridging action and generate positively charged ions are provided on insulating rings 6 having makeup liquid openings 5. Therefore, particulates in tap water, sewage, cutting liquid for machine tools and washing liquid are flocculated to facilitate the filtration and adsorption thereof.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a suspension contained in tap water, sewage, etc., a colloid component, an oil component in an aqueous cleaning liquid, sludge, an emulsified oil in a water-soluble cutting fluid, fine particles, etc. , The impurities that cause troubles are hydrogenated by electrolysis, the stirring force by oxygen bubbles and the charge neutralization of colloidal particles, and the ions from the anode that sometimes perform a crosslinking action are used to flocculate and facilitate separation by filtration. It concerns electrolytic aggregation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, solid-liquid separation in water and sewage has been problematic because it requires a vast facility area and processing time. Also,
There was no simple means to effectively remove oil and sludge that were emulsified and suspended in the water-based cleaning liquid and to use them in a circulating manner. Furthermore,
There was no means to separate and remove the cutting oil from the waste fluid of the cutting fluid containing the emulsified liquid, which is commonly called "emulsion", and to discharge only the water as it is. Furthermore, there has been nothing that can effectively and promptly separate and remove white turbidity, emulsified oil content, and sludge that diffuses and suspends, which is mixed in a cleaning liquid used in an aqueous cleaning machine.

Therefore, the applicant of the present invention compresses and fills an anti-hair-finished product such as a non-woven fabric made of a chemically synthetic fiber having no water absorption property such as polypropylene and polyethylene, and disperses the oil film on the liquid surface and the emulsified oil component. It was proposed to remove and separate the fine particles that are present. However, unlike the coarse suspension, the oil and particles finely divided into the colloidal region were not able to be filtered and adsorbed as they were.

[0004]

That is, the electrolytic aggregating apparatus of the present invention is an electrolytic device comprising an insoluble material for the cathode and an ionizable material for the anode in a liquid tank such as a washing machine. Provided, the positively charged ions from the anode neutralize the negatively charged colloidal components dispersed in the electrolyte solution,
It enables flocculation and flocculation by the force of Van der Waals, and by generating levitation convection in the entire liquid tank by hydrogen bubbles from the cathode, for example, micro flocs of several tens of microns collide with each other, and several hundreds of microns or more. The feature is that solid-liquid separation and oil-water separation can be performed with high accuracy even by agglomerating even up to simple filtration and adsorption.

According to the present invention, a cathode material is a material which is physically and chemically stable and is electrically conductive in a liquid tank incorporated in equipment such as clean water, sewage treatment, and a washing machine, and a system. Is a material that has conductivity and generates positively charged ions when electrolysis is applied, and neutralizes the negative charges of the colloidal components and suspension components in the electrolyte solution that should be removed. It is intended to provide an electrolytic coagulation device capable of forming flocs by being coupled by a Vars force.

Another object of the present invention is to obtain a positively charged hydroxide polymer polyvalent ion which works most effectively for charge neutralization by using aluminum, iron, copper, zinc or the like as an anode. An electrolytic flocculation device is provided.

Another object of the present invention is to:
The present invention provides an electrolytic coagulation device capable of reinforcing the formation of flocs by using a material having a cross-linking action at the same time as charge neutralization such as aluminum and iron for the anode.

Still another object of the present invention is to make the cathode a cylinder and the outer cylinder to be any one of the poles in order to effectively and promptly agglomerate the micro flocs by strong floating upstream. A replenishment port from the liquid tank is opened in the lower part, and a plurality of poles inside the inner cylinder are circulated in the inner cylinder, which is the opposing pole facing each other, around the entire circumference submerged in the liquid. The oil is floated and agitated by the floating stir flow of the gas from the opposite electrode surfaces of the outer cylinder in the case where the outer cylinder is installed in close proximity, and the flocculation of particles is further aggregated by the charge neutralization of positively charged ions from the anode. The present invention provides an electrolytic aggregating device that can be used.

[0009]

That is, in the electrolytic coagulation apparatus of the present invention, the cathode is formed of a physically and chemically stable material in a liquid tank in which colloid, particles having a suspension diameter, and oil are dispersed. However, the anode is electrically conductive, generates positively charged ions when energized, neutralizes the charge of the dispersed components, and is composed of a material that can be aggregated and cross-linked at the same time. It aggregates the removed substances dispersed in the liquid tank. However, it is characterized in that it can be easily separated.

[0010]

Next, examples of the electrolysis apparatus of the present invention will be described in detail below.

In the figure, reference numeral 1 indicates graphite as a cathode material in a liquid tank.
FIG. 3 is a perspective cross-sectional view showing the configuration of an electrolytic aggregating apparatus that is formed and installed in a cylinder using aluminum as the anode material.

In FIG. 1, the liquid tank 1 is constructed by cutting a PVC pipe, which is an insulator, into slices, and also by welding a PVC plate to the insulating plate 2 at the bottom. A physically and chemically stable graphite cathode cylinder 3 and an aluminum anode cylinder 4 were used as electrodes. An insulating ring 6 having a replenishing liquid opening 5 is provided below the graphite cathode cylinder 3 to insulate the aluminum bottom plate electrode 7 having a full inner diameter, which is placed on the insulating plate 2 forming the bottom of the liquid tank 1. ing. On the other hand, the aluminum anode cylinder 4 is provided with a thick flange 8 that comes into full contact with the aluminum bottom plate electrode 7 and fits into the inner diameter of the insulating ring 6, and is fixed to the aluminum bottom plate electrode 7 with a bolt or the like not shown. There is. A large number of circulation openings 9 are provided on the entire circumference of the aluminum anode cylinder 4 to facilitate circulation of the liquid in the aluminum anode cylinder 4 to the inside of the graphite cathode cylinder 3. On the outer peripheral portion of the liquid tank 1, there are provided a raw liquid inlet 10 from another device (not shown), a purified liquid outlet 11, and a scum outlet 13 of a scum 12 that has flocculated and floated. The gantry 14 is for height determination in order to define electrical insulation from the installation surface.

Next, the principle of agglomeration in this apparatus will be described with reference to the schematic diagram of FIG.
When 5 is connected, the aluminum anode cylinder 4 attached in contact with this becomes a positive electrode 15 via the flange 8. A negative electrode 17 is connected to the outer graphite cathode cylinder 3 from outside the liquid surface 16. When electrolyzing and electrolyzing in a liquid in which colloidal components, suspension components, etc. (not shown) are dispersed, trivalent simple ions (in the strongly acidic state, from the aluminum anode cylinder 4, the aluminum bottom plate electrode 7, and the flange 8) Al ³ +) 18-1, pH of around 4 to 5 binds to hydroxide ion (OH-) in water, and positively charged soluble polymer ion [Al ₈ (OH) ⁴ + / ₂₀ ] 18-2 is formed. Occurs,
Normally, it produces the action of neutralizing the charge of negatively charged colloid and suspension components. As a result, the fine particles can be bonded to each other by Van der Waals forces. Furthermore,
Aluminium, iron, etc. are effective materials because they have a cross-linking action that further enhances the binding by van der Waals as well as the charge neutralization. Furthermore, by energizing, the hydrogen gas on the cathode side and the fine bubbles of oxygen gas on the anode side generated from the surfaces of the two electrodes directly facing each other become an upward flow from the bottom side,
It not only raises the flocs, but also causes repeated agglomeration of the agglomerated particles to produce a combined effect of significantly promoting the agglomeration.

The principle of electrolytic aggregation in FIG. 2 will be described in detail.
By electrolysis, positively charged multiply charged ions of aluminum (Al
³ +) 18-1 or polymer ion [Al ₈ (OH) ⁴ +
/ ₂₀ ] 18-2 is generated, and the dispersed particles not shown are subjected to charge neutralization, and at the same time, as the hydrogen gas 19 and oxygen gas 20 rising from the polar surface rise, the surface potential is near the isoelectric point. Flies while forming flocs and agglomerates and becomes scum 12. As a result, a new stock solution from the outside is introduced from the replenisher opening 5, and the same steps are performed. In the illustrated embodiment, the graphite cathode cylinder 3 has a diameter of 120 mm, and the aluminum anode cylinder 4 has a diameter of 100 mm. The circulation opening 9 is provided. It should be noted that, since the size of the electrolyzer becomes large and the amount of gas generated increases, there is a danger of explosion. Therefore, it is necessary to dilute with a large amount of air so that the concentration is below the dangerous point, and to completely discharge it to the outside by a duct. In the actual electrolysis, the current value changes depending on the degree of electrolysis of the sample, but in the test, the constant voltage of DC 60V and the current value depended on the sample, but considering the safety,
The current density was within the range of 6 A / dm ² . With a general cleaning material used in water-based cleaners and a waste liquid containing colloidal components, the electrolyte has a high degree of electrolysis, so a maximum current can be passed, and the liquid surface rises from the inner wall of the graphite cathode cylinder 3. About several tens of seconds after generation of hydrogen bubbles, it can be confirmed that scum suddenly agglomerated in millimeter units suddenly rises in the oxygen bubbles on the outer peripheral surface of the aluminum anode cylinder 4 and floats on the water surface. It was Meanwhile, on the cathode side, innumerable flocs stirred in hydrogen bubbles are also confirmed.

In FIG. 3, a stainless steel flat plate 21 is used for the cathode, an aluminum flat plate 22 is used for the anode, a space is provided in the lower part to serve as a passage for the liquid, and both electrodes are positioned at the same position as the housing 23 so that the scum overflows at the upper part. It is characterized by the fact that it is arranged side by side.

Next, after electrolytic coagulation was actually carried out according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, two 1 mm thick polypropylene filter cloths were used.
After filtration by stacking, the normal hexane method for the oil content and 0.1 μm for the amount of suspended solids
After suction filtration with a cut-off membrane filter paper, a measuring method was performed to see the filter residue with a precision balance. The turbidity and chromaticity were measured according to the water supply inspection standard. The samples in Tables 1 to 3 contained a considerable amount of surfactant, the oil was emulsified, the particles were colloidal, did not sediment even after a lapse of time, and were originally separated and removed only by mechanical operation. Everything was difficult,
It was confirmed that the objective could be achieved with extremely high accuracy by the electrolytic coagulation method utilizing the generation of positively charged ions. Table 1 shows the results of electrolytic coagulation test of water-soluble cutting fluid,
Table 2 shows data obtained by electrolytically aggregating the cleaning liquid, and Table 3 shows data obtained by electrolytically aggregating the grinding liquid.

[0017]

[Table 1]

[0018]

[Table 2]

[0019]

[Table 3]

[0020]

As described above, according to the present invention, a cathode material having physical and chemical stability and conductivity and an anode material having conductivity and generating positively charged ions during electrolysis are used. Electrolyzable in an electrolyte solution, by electrolysis, positively charged ions are generated, and negatively charged colloids, suspended components, etc. are charged and neutralized, and dispersed particles are dispersed by Van der Waals. It has the practical benefit of being able to aggregate by force.

Further, according to the present invention, by using aluminum, iron, copper, zinc or the like as the anode material, positively charged hydroxide polymer polyvalent ions are generated to most neutralize the charge of the negatively charged particles. It has the practical benefit of being able to work effectively.

Further, according to the present invention, the anode is made of a material capable of simultaneously performing charge neutralization and crosslinking, such as aluminum and iron, to reinforce the van der Waals bond and to form a flock. Has a real benefit that can be promoted.

Furthermore, according to the present invention, the strong flotation force of hydrogen and oxygen fine bubbles from the surface where the cathode and the anode face each other directly stir the micro flocs,
Has the real benefit of promoting agglomeration.

Furthermore, according to the present invention, an opening is provided in the lower part of the cathode, and the stock replenishing solution can be easily guided by the floating upstream, so that convection of the entire liquid tank is possible.

By providing a large number of internal liquid circulation openings in the anode cylinder, there is a practical advantage that the liquid on the inner cylinder side can also be smoothly aggregated.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective cross-sectional view including a partial cross-section for explaining an electrolytic aggregating apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating aggregation and agglomeration of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view including a partial cross-sectional view showing an embodiment using a flat plate for each of a cathode and an anode.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1. Liquid tank 2. Insulation plate 3. Graphite cathode cylinder 4. Aluminum anode cylinder 5. Replenisher opening 6. Insulation ring 7. Aluminum bottom plate electrode 8. Flange 9. Circulation opening 10. Stock solution inlet 11. Purification liquid outlet 12. Scum 13. Scum outlet 14. Stand 15. Positive pole 16. Liquid level 17． Negative pole 18-1, 2 positively charged ion 19. Hydrogen gas 20. Oxygen gas 21. Stainless steel plate 22. Aluminum flat plate 23. housing

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. An electrolyte comprising a cathode formed of a material that is physically and chemically stable and electrically conductive, and an anode that is electrically conductive and that generates positively charged ions during electrolysis. Characterized by colloidal components with a negative charge that are dispersed in the liquid, and suspension components that are neutralized by charge, and the dispersed particles are aggregated by the force of Van der Waals, facilitating filtration and adsorption. And an electrolytic flocculation device. 2. Aluminium, iron, etc. are used as the anode material to generate positively charged polyvalent simple ions under strongly acidic conditions and positively charged hydroxylated polymer ions at around pH 4 to 5, resulting in charging. The electrolytic coagulation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the neutralization is performed efficiently. 3. The anode is made of a material having a charge neutralizing power and a crosslinking action, such as aluminum and iron, so that the mutual binding force between particles can be enhanced and the flocculating power can be improved. The electrolytic coagulation apparatus according to claim 1. 4. By forming a cathode and an anode in a cylinder,
2. An agitating force for efficiently generating hydrogen and oxygen bubbles, forming an ascending flow of bubbles in the cylindrical gap, and promoting flocculation of particles.
Electrolytic flocculation device. 5. The electrolytic aggregating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of openings are provided on the circumferential surfaces of the cathode and the anode formed into a cylindrical shape to facilitate convection.