JPH06339629A - Air purification agent and filter for air purification - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain an air purification agent and a filter for air purification with a structure which is safe and exhibits a long life for use and has an enough removing performance to a low concn. contaminated gas and is easily installed. CONSTITUTION:This filter for air purification has a structure wherein an air purification agent 1 prepd. by forming integrally a sheet-like body in which one or two or more chemicals selected from acids, alkalis, oxidative agents, reducing agents or antibacterial agents are carried on a carrier contg. a fibrous substance capable of reducing alkali permanganate with a non-woven fabric, is fixed on a supporting frame 2.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a high-performance air purifying agent capable of effectively purifying environmentally contaminated air contaminated at a remarkably low concentration, and an air purifying filter using the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the present situation where purification of the global environment has become a major problem, suppression and prevention of air pollution has become an urgent problem to be solved, and it is necessary to work under various environments including working environments and living environments of various industries. There is a strong demand for air purification against low concentration pollution.

Conventionally, a dry method and a wet method have been known as means for purifying air, but the dry purification method using activated carbon has been in practical use for a long time from the viewpoint of simplicity. In addition, various air purifying agents that exert selective adsorption ability according to the type of pollutant gas have been developed, and for example, for the removal of acidic gas or basic gas, a base or acid agent is added to the porous carrier. What is carried is considered to be effective. In particular, an air purifying agent in which an oxidant or a reducing agent is carried on a carrier has a purifying ability to decompose a pollutant gas by a strong oxidizing / reducing power, and is therefore widely used in industry.

Examples of this type of air purifying agent include potassium permanganate supported on a carrier such as activated alumina or zeolite (JP-A-60-827, JP-A-1-157175, etc.) and activated carbon. Supporting iodate and / or inorganic acid (JP-A-61-68136 and JP-A-62-16)
1372 and JP-A-62-161373).

These air purifiers have been put into practical use depending on the purpose of use, but each has its own advantages and disadvantages, and there are problems in that its use is limited due to its inherent physical properties. For example, potassium permanganate-based air purifiers are highly soluble, strong oxidizers and therefore highly dangerous, and care must be taken when handling them. Cannot be used in. Activated carbon has high safety during use, but because the removal mechanism is mainly physical adsorption, the removal rate of pollutant gas is not only suppressed naturally, but when saturated, the adsorption action disappears and even desorption phenomenon occurs. Will occur. Therefore, in many cases, it is used in a state that the drug is supported, but it is not possible to expect a great effect on the removal ability for a low-concentration pollutant gas and the service life.

[0006]

Recently, it is possible to improve product accuracy and yield in the field of manufacturing precision electronics such as semiconductors, or prevent browning of high-quality works such as paintings, and preserve them permanently. For the purpose of, for example, reducing the concentration of polluted gas completely and easily, it is strongly desired to develop an air purifying agent which is easy to handle and safe.

The present invention was developed as a result of intensive studies in view of the above demands, and its purpose is to provide a safe and long service life, and to have a sufficient ability to remove pollutant gas of low concentration. Another object of the present invention is to provide an air purifying agent and an air purifying filter having a structure that can be easily installed.

[0008]

The air purifying agent according to the present invention for achieving the above object comprises an acid, an alkali, an oxidizing agent and a reducing agent in a carrier containing a fibrous substance capable of reducing alkali permanganate. Alternatively, a structural feature is that a sheet-shaped body carrying one or more kinds of agents selected from antibacterial agents is formed integrally with a nonwoven fabric.

The carrier containing a fibrous substance capable of reducing alkali permanganate used in the present invention includes the fiber itself or a substantially insoluble powdery inorganic carrier containing the fiber as a main material as an auxiliary agent. A supporting material having a capability of reducing the supporting material when brought into contact with an aqueous alkaline permanganate solution.

Examples of the fibrous substance constituting the carrier include fibrous activated carbon, glass fiber, silica fiber, inorganic fiber such as slag wool, pulp fiber, cotton fiber, natural fiber such as wool, polyester, polyamide and polypropylene. Examples thereof include organic synthetic fibers such as polyacrylonitrile and rayon. Among them, for the purpose of the present invention, one or two or more selected from fibrous activated carbon, pulp fiber, cotton fiber or wool is preferably used. When organic fibers such as pulp fibers are used, it is preferable to use them in combination with fibrous or powdered activated carbon in order to prolong the breakthrough time of the air purifying agent.

Further, as the substantially insoluble powdery inorganic carrier which can be contained in the above fibers as an auxiliary agent,
Calcium, magnesium, aluminum, iron, zinc,
Titanium, zirconium, manganese, copper oxides, hydroxides, carbonates, basic carbonates, silicates or phosphates, as well as activated carbon, aluminosilicate (zeolite), slag powder, etc. can be mentioned. Is 1
One kind or a mixture of two or more kinds is used. These ingredients may be either natural or synthetic,
It is desirable to be as porous and fine powder as possible. The substantially insoluble powdery inorganic carrier is selected as needed depending on the purpose of use of the air purifying agent and the filter, and its compounding amount is not particularly limited, but the total weight of the carrier. It is preferable to set up to 90 wt% at most.

The drug to be carried on the carrier containing the fibrous substance is one or more selected from acids, alkalis, oxidizing agents, reducing agents or antibacterial agents. Among these, examples of the acid include mineral acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid and the like, acidic alkali metal salts thereof, acidic aluminum phosphate, acidic iron sulfate, etc. Among them, the use of acidic aluminum phosphate is the most practical. Is. Examples of the alkaline agent include alkali metal hydroxides and carbonates,
Alkaline earth metal hydroxides, etc.
Examples thereof include alkali metal permanganates, chlorates, iodates, persulfates, ferrates, percarbonates, and perborates, but the use of potassium permanganate and / or potassium iodate. Is preferred. Examples of the reducing agent include alkali metal phosphites and hypophosphites, and examples of the antibacterial agents include silver nitrate, quaternary ammonium salts such as alkyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride and didecyldimethylammonium chloride, and triethyloctadecyl. Examples include phosphonium chloride, phosphonium salts such as p-ethylbenzyltrihexylphosphonium chloride, vinylbenzylphosphonium chloride or a polymer thereof, dihydroacetic acid or an alkali metal thereof, sorbic acid or an alkali metal salt thereof, and one or two of them. The above is acceptable.

The amount of the above-mentioned drug loaded is set in the range of 0.1 to 50 wt% with respect to the total weight, although it varies depending on the type of the drug, the physical properties of the drug loaded and the use of the air purifying agent.

Among the above-mentioned agents, those using an alkali metal permanganate and / or potassium iodate have an excellent ability to remove low-concentration pollutant gas even though the amount of the agent carried is small. It is particularly preferable because it is safe to handle. For example, when a drug solution of potassium permanganate is supported on a carrier, it is converted into active manganese dioxide by a redox reaction with an organic substance or activated carbon contained in the carrier, and as a result, it is supported as an insoluble strong and safe oxidizing agent. It It should be noted that this active manganese dioxide containing a small amount of fine particles of a metal such as copper, silver, palladium, platinum, or a metal compound, if necessary, is preferable because it further exhibits an oxidizing action.

The above-mentioned drug is supported on a fibrous substance-containing carrier which has been formed into a sheet shape in advance, or a sheet-shaped body is formed by a method of supporting the drug on the fibrous substance-containing carrier and then forming it into a sheet. The above-mentioned process of supporting the drug on the fibrous substance-containing carrier may be any means capable of uniformly supporting the drug on the carrier, for example, a method of immersing the carrier in an aqueous solution of the drug, using a suitable mixer for the carrier and the drug. It is practical to apply the method of direct mixing or spray mixing. In the case of using the former adsorption-supporting method, the fibrous substance is immersed in a chemical solution at room temperature to 40 ° C. for 1 to 10 minutes, and then excess chemical solution adhering to the surface is removed by centrifugation, and if necessary, further. And dried to form a sheet-shaped body. Alternatively, the fibrous substance may be formed into a sheet in advance and then the chemical solution may be dipped or sprayed. The powdery inorganic powder can be supported directly on the fibrous substance or by mixing it with each chemical solution and treating the fibrous substance.

In addition, when the drug is loaded on the fibrous substance-containing carrier, if necessary, an auxiliary component or an appropriate binder, a water-soluble polymer such as MC, CMC or sodium alginate, or an auxiliary component such as silica sol may be added. Can be used together.

A sheet-shaped body carrying a drug is, for example, 2
A filter-like air purifying agent is produced by sandwiching it from above and below with one sheet of non-woven fabric or by integrally forming it with one non-woven sheet. As the non-woven fabric to be used, industrially available ones may be used, and for example, a mixture of rayon, cotton, synthetic fibers or the like, or a raw material of synthetic fibers such as cellulose fibers, nylon or polyester is mainly used. It In addition, the thickness and size of the sheet-shaped body,
There is no particular limitation.

The air purifying agent of the present invention can contain more than the equilibrium water content as long as it does not congeal or deteriorate during the process of storage, transportation or handling.
It preferably contains 15 wt% water. In addition, the water content in this case refers to a total weight loss component when the air purifying agent is dried at 100 ° C. for 1 hour, and the amount thereof is a ratio to the air purifying agent.

An air purifying filter according to the present invention is characterized in that the above air purifying agent is fixed to a support frame.

In order to form the air purifying agent as a filter, the belt-like air purifying agent sheets are alternately bent to a constant width to form a pleated continuous body or a semi-continuous body, or the air purifying agent sheets are laminated in a panel shape. Etc. are adopted.
It is also possible to form the air purifying agent into a honeycomb shape and stack or wind it. The air purification agent filter is, of course, used as a single unit, but in many cases, it is applied as a composite unit in which a plurality of filters are set according to the capacity of the air to be treated. In this case, the filter in each unit is not limited to the air purifying agent having the same chemical agent, and the filter can be configured by combining air purifying agents carrying different chemical agents depending on the purpose of removal and the situation of complex contamination.

FIG. 1 is a cutaway perspective view illustrating one embodiment of an air purifying filter according to the present invention.
Is a support frame. The air purifying agent 1 is formed by alternately bending a belt-shaped sheet-shaped body with a constant width into a pleated continuous body having the same gap, and a support frame body 2 formed of a molded plate of aluminum or synthetic resin. It is fixed inside. Spacer 3 for fixing air purifier 1
Is used, and a portion in contact with the inner surface of the support frame 2 is adhered by a sealing material 4 such as a resin adhesive in order to prevent a short path of air passing through the inside of the filter. Further, a gasket 5 in which a flexible material such as rubber is combined is installed on the upper portion of the support frame 2 to prevent air leakage when a plurality of combinations of filter parts are set. The air to be treated passes through the filter system in the direction of the arrow and is purified.

FIG. 2 is a front view showing an air purifying filter in which the air purifying agent 1 has a honeycomb structure. In the case of this structure, the contact area of the circulating air becomes large, and a more effective purifying action is exhibited.

The air purifying filter according to the present invention comprises:
Since there is little pressure loss due to ventilation and it is extremely lightweight, it is possible to achieve effective air purification by designing a unit in which the same or different air purifying agents are combined according to the purpose.

[0024]

The air purifying agent according to the present invention comprises a sheet-shaped carrier containing a fibrous substance capable of reducing alkali permanganate, and one or more selected from acids, alkalis, oxidizing agents, reducing agents or antibacterial agents. Since it is configured to carry two or more kinds of chemicals, it becomes possible to effectively remove polluted air in an extremely low concentration range. Further, since the sheet forming body is reinforced by integrally forming with the nonwoven fabric,
By fixing this to a support frame and stacking it inside the housing to form an air purification agent filter, a lightweight and highly practical device is obtained.

The air purifying agent and the air purifying filter of the present invention can effectively remove a single or a complex pollutant gas of various toxic gases. Targets to be removed include hydrogen sulfide, phosphine, arsine, germane, hydrogenated gas such as silane, ozone, CO, NO _x , SO _x , amines, mercaptans, carbonyl sulfide, aldehydes, phenols, ethylene and the like. Unsaturated hydrocarbons,
Alternatively, it may be a bad odor such as sewage odor, animal odor, and manure odor that are complexly contaminated by these components. In addition, it also has bactericidal properties due to strong oxidative power, and in particular, those having copper, silver or its metal ions and other antibacterial agents carried thereon have a higher antibacterial action, so various bacteria and molds present in the air It is also possible to remove harmful microorganisms such as viruses.

[0026]

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, examples and comparative examples will be described in order to specifically describe the present invention.

Examples 1 to 3, Comparative Example 1 Fibrous activated carbon was added to KMnO ₄ aqueous solution (3 wt%), KMnO.
₄ and KIO ₃ mixed aqueous solution (KMnO ₄ : 3 wt%, KI
O ₃ : 0.3 wt%), KIO ₃ and K ₂ CO ₃ mixed aqueous solution (KIO ₃ : 0.4 wt%, K ₂ CO ₃ : 2 wt%) It was dehydrated in a centrifuge and dried, and then roll-formed into a band to obtain a drug-supported sheet-shaped body. An air purifying agent was prepared by sandwiching this sheet-shaped body with a nonwoven fabric (Sample A to
C). Then, each air purifier is alternately bent to a certain width and molded into pleats as shown in Fig. 1, and fixed to the support frame of the housing to fix the air purifier filter (length 6.9 cm).
X width 5.5 cm x width 7.0 cm) was produced. Further, as a comparative example, an air purifying agent of fibrous activated carbon that does not carry a chemical liquid was used (Sample D).

When an air purifying agent using a KMnO ₄ type agent was cut out from a part of the sheet and leached in water, the reddish purple coloration of KMnO ₄ was not substantially observed, and a sheet-shaped body was obtained. It was found that some of them were converted to active insoluble manganese dioxide and supported.

Using the air purifying filters of the various air purifying agents of the obtained samples A to D, the removal ability of SO ₂ gas was evaluated under the following conditions. Inlet gas concentration: Approx. 10 to 20 ppm Inlet gas temperature: 20 to 25 ° C. Inlet gas humidity: 20 to 25% RH Surface wind velocity: 0.5 m / sec Measuring method: Gastec detector tube method The result is the composition of the air purifying agent. The results are shown in Table 1 in comparison with.

[0030]

[Table 1]

Examples 4 to 6 and Comparative Example 2 The removal ability was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the SO ₂ gas inlet concentration was 200 ppb and the measurement time was changed, and the results are shown in Table 2. It was

[0032]

[Table 2]

Examples 7 to 8 The chemical solution used in Example 2 was immersed in a strip-shaped sheet carrier prepared by mixing 20% by weight of powdered activated carbon in the crushed pulp fiber, and the chemical was carried thereon, followed by dehydration drying. Then, it was sandwiched with a non-woven fabric to prepare a sheet-like air purifying agent (Sample E). Similarly, an air purifying agent was prepared by carrying the chemical liquid used in Example 2 on a strip-shaped sheet carrier prepared by mixing 30% by weight of powdered activated carbon with cotton fiber, based on the total weight (Sample F).

Using these air purifying agents, a filter for air purifying agents was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1. The air purifying filter has an inlet concentration of about 1 under the same conditions as in Example 1.
When the ability to remove SO ₂ gas of 0 to 20 ppm was evaluated, the results shown in Table 3 were obtained. When the KMnO ₄ based agent was leached out, the reddish purple discoloration of MnO ₄ was not substantially observed, and it was found that it was converted into active manganese dioxide and carried in the carrier.

[0035]

[Table 3]

Examples 9 to 12 and Comparative Examples 3 to 6 Fibrous activated carbon was immersed in an aqueous potassium carbonate solution (34 wt%) to carry a drug, dehydrated by a centrifuge and dried, and then formed into a belt-shaped sheet. . An air purifying agent was prepared by sandwiching a sheet-shaped body (K ₂ CO ₃ : about 20 wt%) carrying a drug with a non-woven fabric (Sample G). Then, an air purifying filter was produced using this air purifying agent in the same manner as in Example 1. When this filter was used to evaluate the ability to remove various acidic gases under the following conditions, the results shown in Table 4 were obtained. For comparison, the same evaluation was carried out using fibrous activated carbon (Sample D) that did not carry a drug, and the results are also shown in Table 4. Inlet gas concentration: about 20 ppm, 250 ppb Inlet gas temperature: 20 to 25 ° C. Inlet gas humidity: 20 to 25% RH Surface wind velocity: 0.5 m / sec Measuring method: Gastec detector tube method (inlet gas concentration about 20 pp
m)) Ion chromatograph (inlet gas concentration of 250 ppb)

[0037]

[Table 4]

Examples 13 to 14 and Comparative Examples 7 to 8 Fibrous activated carbon was immersed in a phosphoric acid aqueous solution (30 wt%) to carry a drug, dehydrated by a centrifuge and dried, and then formed into a belt-shaped sheet. Sheet-shaped body carrying a drug (P ₂
O ₅ : about 25 wt%) was sandwiched between non-woven fabrics to prepare an air purifying agent (Sample H). Then, an air purifying filter was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 using the obtained air purifying agent. The air purifying filter was evaluated for its ability to remove ammonia gas under the following conditions, and the results shown in Table 5 were obtained. For comparison, the same evaluation was performed using a fibrous activated carbon (Sample D) that did not carry a drug, and the results are also shown in Table 4. Inlet gas concentration: about 20 ppm, 250 ppb Inlet gas temperature: 20 to 25 ° C. Inlet gas humidity: 20 to 25% RH Surface wind velocity: 0.5 m / sec Measuring method: Gastec detector tube method (inlet gas concentration about 20 pp
m)) Ion chromatograph (inlet gas concentration of 250 ppb)

[0039]

[Table 5]

Examples 15 to 17 and Comparative Example 9 Various air purifying agents of Examples 1 to 3 were bent in a wave shape, laminated and fixed to a support frame of a housing, and then honeycomb laminated as shown in FIG. An air purifying filter having a structure (length 6.9 cm × width 5.5 cm × width 7.0 cm) was produced.
In addition, when a part of the sheet was cut out from the air purifying agent using the KMnO ₄ type chemical and this was leached into water,
Substantially no reddish purple coloration of MnO ₄ was observed, and it was proved that the MnO ₄ was converted to active insoluble manganese dioxide and supported on the sheet-shaped carrier. As a comparative example, an air purifying agent of fibrous activated carbon that does not carry a chemical liquid was used (Sample D).

Air purifying agent filters were prepared using the various air purifying agents of the obtained samples A to D, and SO was prepared under the following conditions.
_The removal ability for _two gases was evaluated. Inlet gas concentration: Approximately 10 to 20 ppm Inlet gas temperature: 20 to 25 ° C Inlet gas humidity: 20 to 25% RH Surface wind speed: 0.5 m / sec Measuring method: Gastec detector tube method The result is blended with an air purifying agent. It is shown in Table 6 in comparison with the composition.

[0042]

[Table 6]

[0043]

Industrial Applicability As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a high-performance air purifying agent and an air purifying filter that exhibit excellent removing ability for polluted gas of extremely low concentration over a long period of time. . Further, since the air purifying agent and the air purifying filter of the present invention have high safety and are lightweight, they are expected to be useful for a wide range of purposes from industrial use to general consumer use.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cutaway perspective view illustrating an air purification filter according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view showing an air purifying filter whose air purifying agent has a honeycomb structure.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Air Purifying Agent 2 Support Frame 3 Spacing 4 Sealant 5 Gasket

Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁵ Identification number Office reference number FI Technical display location B01J 20/28 ZAB A 7202-4G (72) Inventor Riki Ishii 6-3-18 Roppongi, Minato-ku, Tokyo Kondo Kogyo Incorporated company (72) Inventor Seiichi Takizawa 4-4-20 Minamihashimoto, Sagamihara-shi, Kanagawa Japan Cambridge Filter Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Tetsuo Shimamura 4-1-3 Kutaro-cho, Chuo-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Incorporated (72) Inventor Michinori Hashimoto 2-6-10 Iwamotocho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Within Nippon Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Shozo Ichimura 9-15-1, Kameido, Koto-ku, Tokyo Nippon Kagaku (72) Inventor Fumio Kanabe 9-15-1 Kameido, Koto-ku, Tokyo Nippon Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd. Kameido Plant

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A sheet comprising a carrier containing a fibrous substance capable of reducing alkali permanganate and carrying one or more agents selected from acids, alkalis, oxidizing agents, reducing agents or antibacterial agents. An air purifying agent, wherein a shaped body is formed integrally with a non-woven fabric. 2. The air purifying agent according to claim 1, wherein the fibrous substance capable of reducing alkali permanganate is one or more selected from fibrous activated carbon, pulp fiber, cotton fiber or wool. 3. A carrier containing a fibrous substance capable of reducing alkali permanganate is at most 90 wt% based on the total weight.
2. A substantially insoluble powdered inorganic carrier according to claim 1.
Or the air purifying agent according to 2. 4. The amount of the drug carried is 0.1 to 5 per total weight.
The air purifying agent according to claim 1, which is 0 wt%. 5. The air purifying agent according to claim 1, wherein the oxidizing agent as a drug is potassium permanganate and / or potassium iodate. 6. The air purifying agent according to claim 1, wherein the acid as a chemical is acidic aluminum phosphate. 7. The air purifying agent according to any one of claims 1 to 6, which contains 5 to 15 wt% of water based on the total weight. 8. An air purifying filter, comprising the air purifying agent according to claim 1 fixed to a support frame.