JPH0633483A - Operation room of swiveling operating machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent an operation room body from largely vibrating in the case of swiveling operation, etc., and to make it possible to buffer vibration effectively. CONSTITUTION:Rubber vibration insulators 25 forming buffer supports 23 on the left side are formed in the thick by specific size based on separation sizes from the swiveling centers O-O for rubber vibration insulators 24 of buffer supports 22 provided on the right side of an operation room body 8, and spring constant of each of the buffer supports 23 on the left side makes less than that of each of the buffer supports 22 on the right side. Even if a swiveling frame is largely flexed and vibrated, the buffer supports 23 on the left side absorb more vibration than the buffer supports 22 on the right side, and vibrations in all directions are quickly dumped.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a driver's cab of a turning type working machine provided in a turning type working machine such as a hydraulic excavator so as to improve operability and habitability of a driver.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIGS. 6 to 9 show an example of a hydraulic excavator as a swing type working machine according to the prior art.

In the figure, 1 is a lower traveling body serving as a machine base, 2 is a swinging device, and 3 is an upper swinging structure which is mounted on the lower traveling body 1 via the swinging device 2 so as to be swingable and which constitutes a working machine body. A body is shown, and the upper swing body 3 includes a swing frame 4 having a frame structure, a machine room 5 provided on the swing frame 4,
A driver's cab 6 which is located on the left side of the front of the machine cab 5 and is provided on the revolving frame 4 and includes a driver's cab main body 8 described later and various operating levers and instruments provided in the cab cab main body 8
And a counterweight 7 provided on the rear side of the revolving frame 4 located on the rear side of the machine room 5. The counterweight 7 balances the entire upper revolving structure 3 with a working device 17 described later. It has become.

Reference numeral 8 denotes a driver's cab main body which is disposed on the swivel frame 4 and constitutes an outer frame of the driver's cab 6. The driver's cab main body 8 is formed by sheet metal stamping and welding a thin steel plate. , A rectangular ceiling portion 8A extending in the front-rear direction
And a substantially U-shaped front surface portion 8B having an intermediate portion in the vertical direction protruding forward, a vertically long rectangular rear surface portion 8C which is a surface substantially vertical to the revolving frame 4, and the rear surface portion 8C and the front surface. According to the shape of the portion 8B, it is formed as a box-shaped cab box including left and right side surfaces 8D, 8D having a substantially pentagonal shape provided with a portion projecting forward. A door 9 is provided on the left side surface portion 8D of the driver's cab body 8, and a floor plate 10 is attached to the lower surface of the driver's cab body 8 via a floor plate bracket 8E.

Reference numerals 11, 11, ... Denote buffer supports, and each of the buffer supports 11 is, as shown in FIG. 8, two anti-vibration rubbers 12, 12, spacers 13, and two stoppers 1 to be described later.
It is composed of 4 and 14. Here, each buffer support 11 is provided between the driver's cab body 8 and the revolving frame 4 in the front, rear,
Floor board 1 of driver's cab main body 8 which is provided on the left and right sides separately from each other.
It is fixed to the revolving frame 4 together with 0 and the like. And
Of the cushioning supports 11, the cushioning supports 11 on the right side are arranged at the distance Lr from the swing center OO of the swinging device 2 and the cushioning supports 11 on the left side as shown in FIG. Are arranged at the distance Ll (Ll> Lr).

Reference numerals 12 and 12 denote anti-vibration rubbers serving as elastic members. Each anti-vibration rubber 12 is formed in a short and thick columnar shape. An insertion hole 12A is formed to penetrate in the direction. Two of each of the anti-vibration rubbers 12 are arranged coaxially with the mounting holes 4B formed in the upper surface portion 4A of the swivel frame 4 so as to sandwich the upper surface portion 4A of the swivel frame 4 from both upper and lower directions. I'm out.

Reference numeral 13 denotes a spacer, which is a metal cylinder having a bolt insertion hole 13A in the axial direction,
The spacer 13 is loosely fitted in the mounting hole 4B of the swivel frame 4, and the insertion holes 12 of the upper and lower anti-vibration rubbers 12, 12 are inserted.
It is inserted so as to fit in A. The upper and lower ends of the spacer 13 are in contact with respective bottom portions 14B of stoppers 14 and 14, which will be described later.

Reference numerals 14 and 14 denote stoppers. Each stopper 14 is formed in a disk shape having a diameter slightly larger than that of the rubber vibration isolator 12, and has a bottom portion 14 having a bolt insertion hole 14A at the center thereof.
B and a cylindrical portion 14C axially extending from the outer peripheral side of the bottom portion 14B and shorter than the vibration isolating rubbers 12 are formed into a bottomed cylindrical shape, and the tip of the cylindrical portion 14C is open. Part 1
It is 4D. The stoppers 14 are attached so that the openings 14D of the swivel frame 4 are opposed to each other with the upper surface 4A of the swivel frame 4 interposed therebetween, and the upper and lower anti-vibration rubbers 12 are covered from the outside.

Reference numerals 15 and 15 indicate bolts, and each of the bolts 15 is inserted into the bolt insertion hole 8F of the floor plate bracket 8E from the inside of the operator's cab main body 8, the bolt insertion hole 13A of the spacer 13 and the bolt of the floor plate 10. The driver's cab body 8 is elastically fixed and supported on the swivel frame 4 by extending the insertion hole 10A and the inside of the mounting hole 4B of the upper surface 4A of the swivel frame 4, and screwing and tightening the nut 16 from the lower side. ing.
Then, by tightening the bolt 15 and the nut 16,
Each anti-vibration rubber 12 is set to a constant spring constant by applying a predetermined preload between each stopper 14 and the upper surface 4A of the revolving frame 4.

Reference numeral 17 denotes a working device provided at the front part of the upper swing body 3, and the working device 17 is a boom 17A provided at the front part of the swivel frame 4 so as to be able to move up and down, and a tip end of the boom 17A. An arm 17B that can be lifted up and down
And a backhoe-type bucket 17C rotatably provided at the tip of the arm 17B. These boom 17A, arm 17B, and bucket 17C are a boom cylinder 17D, an arm cylinder 17E, and a bucket cylinder 1.
Each of them is operated by 7F. Then, when excavating work such as earth and sand, the working device 17 raises and lowers the boom 17A and the arm 17B by the boom cylinder 17D and the arm cylinder 17E while rotating the bucket 17C by the bucket cylinder 17F, and the earth and sand by the bucket 17C. Is to be drilled.

In the hydraulic excavator constructed as above,
A prime mover and a hydraulic pump (not shown) driven by the prime mover are provided in the machine room 5 of the upper swing body 3, and the pressure oil discharged from the hydraulic pump is used for the traveling hydraulic motor of the lower traveling body 1 ( (Not shown) and the cylinders 17D, 17E, 17F, etc. of the working device 17 are supplied to and discharged from the cylinders 17D, 17E, 17F, etc., thereby operating them so as to drive the vehicle and excavate earth and sand.

At this time, the vibrations transmitted from the revolving frame 4 side to the cab main body 8 by the vibrations from the engine, the vibrations during traveling, the vibrations due to the excavation reaction force during work, etc. are transmitted to the respective cushion supports 11. The anti-vibration rubbers 12 and 12 cushion the vibrations and noises so that the ride comfort of the driver in the cab 6 is not deteriorated.

[0013]

By the way, in the cab 6 of the hydraulic excavator according to the above-mentioned prior art, the cab main body 8 is placed between the upper surface portion 4A of the revolving frame 4 and the floor plate 4 of the floor board 10.
A shock-absorbing support 11 composed of a vibration-proof rubber 12 or the like arranged in a corner,
.., and the anti-vibration rubbers 12 of the respective cushioning supports 11 are set to have the same spring constant, so that the center of gravity G of the cab body 8 when the upper swing body 3 makes a swinging motion. As shown in FIG. 9, when centrifugal force acts in the direction of arrow F, the cab body 8 vibrates (rolls) in the left and right directions as the center of gravity G moves.

Further, as shown in FIG. 9, the swing frame 4 is
The cantilever structure centering on the swivel device 2 is formed, and the swivel frame 4 has a free end at the left side portion of the swivel frame 4 which is largely separated from the swivel center O-O of the swivel device 2. Since it easily bends and vibrates in the H direction shown in the figure, the operator cab main body 8 provided on the left side portion of the revolving frame 4 via the buffer supports 11 has a revolving center O when the revolving superstructure 3 revolves.
The left part that is largely separated from -O vibrates more than the right part.

Therefore, in the prior art, due to the action of the centrifugal force F and the bending vibration of the revolving frame 4 described above, the left side portion of the cab body 8 vibrates more than the right side portion, and the cab body 8 moves to the left and right. Therefore, there is a problem in that the vehicle is likely to roll in a large direction, and the ride comfort and operability of the driver cannot be improved in the cab 6.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art. The present invention can effectively dampen a large vibration of the driver's cab body during the turning operation, and the inside of the driver's cab body can be effectively damped. It is an object of the present invention to provide a driver's cab of a swing type working machine capable of improving ride comfort and operability of a driver.

[0017]

The features of the configuration adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned problems are that a plurality of buffer supports provided between the revolving frame and the floor plate of the cab body are provided.
The elastic member has different spring constants at least in the left and right directions based on the distance from the center of rotation.

[0018]

With the above structure, for example, when the driver's cab main body is provided on the left side portion of the revolving frame, the left side portion of the driver's cab body vibrates more than the right side portion. Is composed of an elastic member having a spring constant smaller than that of the shock absorbing support on the right side, the elastic member having a small spring constant can absorb a large vibration of the left side portion of the operator's cab main body and can surely buffer the cab main body. In the right part of the above, the spring constant of the elastic member can be set large corresponding to the small vibration, and the vibration of the entire cab can be quickly damped.

[0019]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to FIGS. The same components as those of the above-mentioned conventional technique are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.

In the figure, reference numeral 21 denotes a driver's cab of the hydraulic excavator according to the present embodiment. The driver's cab 21 is constructed in substantially the same manner as the driver's cab 6 described in the prior art, and includes a floor plate 10 of a driver's cab body 8 and a swing frame. The upper and lower portions 4A of 4 are spaced apart from each other in the front and rear sides by the right side buffer supports 22 and 22 and the left side buffer support 2
3 and 23 (only one shown).

Here, each of the buffer supports 22 on the right side is substantially the same as the buffer support 11 described in the prior art, and includes two vibration-proof rubbers 24, 24 as elastic members and spacers (not shown).
Although it is composed of two stoppers 14 and 14, the anti-vibration rubber 24 used for each buffer support 22 on the right side is formed in a cylindrical shape with a thickness dimension Tr as shown in FIGS. The inner peripheral side serves as an insertion hole 24A, and an annular recess 24B is formed on the end surface on one end side of the vibration-proof rubber 24.

As with the anti-vibration rubber 12 described in the prior art, each anti-vibration rubber 24 has one end of each anti-vibration rubber 24 with the other end accommodated in the bottom portion 14B of each stopper 14. Around the mounting hole 4B of the swivel frame 4, the upper surface 4A is raised,
The buffer cushion 22 on the right side is formed by sandwiching the spacers in the insertion holes 24A from below and tightening them with the bolts 15 and the nuts 16 with the spacers inserted in the insertion holes 24A.

At this time, the anti-vibration rubbers 24 are compressed in the axial direction by a certain amount, and the floor plate 10 and the upper surface portion 4 of the revolving frame 4 are compressed.
It is in a state of being separated from A by a predetermined dimension. The right buffer support 22 supports the right portion of the cab body 8 on the revolving frame 4 with a relatively large spring constant based on the thickness dimension Tr of each anti-vibration rubber 24.

Next, reference numerals 25 and 25 denote a pair of anti-vibration rubbers as elastic members which constitute the buffer support 23 on the left side together with the stoppers 14 and 14, etc. From the same rubber material, as shown in Figs.
It is formed in a tubular shape having an insertion hole 25A and an annular recess 25B, and a taper portion 25C is formed on the outer periphery on the other end side.
The thickness Tl of each anti-vibration rubber 25 is based on the distance Lr, Ll (Tr <Tl) of each buffer support 22, 23 from the center of rotation OO shown in FIG. Two
4 is larger than the thickness dimension Tr of 4 by a predetermined dimension (Tr <T
l) formed. Further, each of the anti-vibration rubbers 25 is combined with a spacer (not shown), each of the stoppers 14 and the like in the same manner as the anti-vibration rubbers 24 described above, and the left-side buffer support 23
Are configured.

Here, the buffer support 23 on the left side is provided between the floor plate 10 of the cab body 8 and the revolving frame 4 by the bolt 1
5, the floor board 10 by arranging through the nut 16
The left side portion of the cab main body 8 is supported in a state in which the above and the upper surface portion 4A of the revolving frame 4 are separated from each other by substantially the same size as the left side buffer support 22. And the buffer support 2
The thickness dimension Tl of each of the anti-vibration rubbers 25 of 3 is larger than the thickness dimension Tr of each of the right-hand anti-vibration rubbers 24 by a predetermined size in advance, so that the anti-vibration rubbers 25 are compared in the axial direction. The respective buffer supports 23 on the left side are set to have a spring constant smaller than that of the buffer supports 22 on the right side.

Operator's cab 21 of the swing type working machine according to this embodiment
Has the configuration described above, and its basic operation is not particularly different from that of the prior art.

In the present embodiment, however, the anti-vibration rubber 24 of each buffer support 22 provided on the right side of the operator's cab body 8 and separated from the turning center OO by Lr has a relatively small thickness. The anti-vibration rubber 25, which is formed to the dimension Tr and constitutes each of the left buffer supports 23, is attached to the turning center O- of the buffer supports 23.
Since the thicker thickness T1 is formed on the basis of the distance Ll from the O, the left buffer support 23 is thicker than the rubber cushion 2
5, the elastic deformation amount can be increased to reduce the spring constant, and the right buffer support 22 can be reduced in elastic deformation amount to increase the spring constant by the thin vibration-proof rubber 24. It has various effects.

That is, when the upper revolving superstructure 3 performs a revolving operation, a centrifugal force acts on the center of gravity G in the driver's cab body 8 in the direction of the arrow in FIG. O
The left side portion separated from -O becomes a free end, and it largely bends and vibrates easily in the arrow H direction, so that the revolving frame 4
The left side portion of the cab body 8 provided above tends to vibrate more than the right side portion.

Therefore, in this embodiment, the cab main body 8 supports the right side of the floor plate 10 between the upper surface portion 4A of the revolving frame 4 by the buffer supports 22, 22 having a large spring constant,
By supporting the left side with the buffer supports 23, 23 having a smaller spring constant than the respective buffer supports 22, even if the left side of the cab main body 8 vibrates greatly, the respective left buffer supports 23 prevent each other. The vibrating rubber 25 can absorb the vibration at this time with a large elastic deformation amount, and at this time, a large cushioning effect can be given to the left side portion of the cab body 8. Further, the right side portion of the operator's cab body 8 can effectively absorb small vibrations by the respective right side buffer supports 22 having large spring constants, and the vibrations at this time can be damped early.

Therefore, according to this embodiment, the cab body 8
By changing the spring constants of the respective cushioning supports 22 and 23 on both the left and right sides, the vibration of the driver's cab main body 8 can be effectively buffered and the vibration can be damped at an early stage.
Within 1, the ride comfort and operability of the driver can be significantly improved.

In the above embodiment, the spring constant of the vibration-proof rubber 25 used for the left cushion support 23 is set to be smaller than the spring constant of the vibration-proof rubber 24 used for the right cushion support 22. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the anti-vibration rubber used for each shock-absorbing support body may include front, rear, left, and left, depending on the distance from the turning center OO of the turning device 2 to each shock-absorbing support body. It suffices to set an appropriate spring constant for each of the right buffer supports, for example, left front side, left rear side, right front side,
It is preferable to sequentially increase the spring constant of each buffer support in the order of the right rear side.

In the above embodiment, each buffer support 2
Anti-vibration rubbers 24, 25 as elastic members constituting 2, 23
However, the present invention is not limited to this, and an elastic member such as a metal spring or an air spring may be used.

[0033]

As described above in detail, according to the present invention, a plurality of buffer supports provided between the swing frame and the floor plate of the cab body are provided at least on the left and right sides based on the distance from the swing center. Since the elastic member has different spring constants in different directions, the elastic member having a small spring constant is provided at the free end side of the revolving frame where vibration increases, for example, the buffer support that supports the left side portion of the cab body. By using, it is possible to effectively dampen large vibrations on the left side of the cab main body, and at the right side of the cab main body, small vibrations can be effectively damped by the buffer support having a large spring constant. The vibration of the driver's cab body can be attenuated early to prevent the driver's cab body from rolling to the left and right, improving the ride comfort and operability of the driver in the cab. .

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a half sectional view showing a driver's cab and the like of a swing type working machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged plan view showing an anti-vibration rubber used for the buffer support on the right side in FIG.

3 is a sectional view taken along the line III-III in FIG.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged plan view showing a vibration-proof rubber used for the buffer support on the left side in FIG.

5 is a sectional view taken along the line VV in FIG.

FIG. 6 is an overall view showing a hydraulic excavator according to a conventional technique.

7 is a partially cutaway external view showing an enlarged view of a swivel frame, a cab body, and the like in FIG.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of a buffer support and the like shown in FIG.

9 is a sectional view taken along the line IX-IX in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Lower traveling body (machine base) 2 Revolving device 3 Upper revolving body 4 Revolving frame 8 Driver's cab body 10 Floor plate 22,23 Buffer support 24,25 Anti-vibration rubber (elastic member)

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A box provided with a swing frame of a working machine, which is swingably provided on a machine base, and a floor plate provided on a lower surface side of the swing frame, the swing frame being spaced apart from a swing center of the swing frame. A driver's cab main body and a floor plate of the driver's cab main body and a turning frame are provided separately in front, rear and left and right directions, respectively, and vibrations from the turning frame are transmitted to the driver's cab main body. In a driver's cab of a revolving work machine composed of a plurality of buffer supports for buffering, the buffer supports are elastic with different spring constants at least in the left and right directions based on the distance from the center of rotation. An operator's cab of a swivel type working machine characterized by being constituted by members.