JPH06332993A - Scene analysis and prediction system - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To easily predict and evaluate the scenes corresponding to various developments in the interactive form while seeing the picture on a display screen. CONSTITUTION:Contour lines and plan site boundary lines are read from the topographical chart of a region as the object of scene analysis and prediction by the digitizer of a graphic reader 10, and contour line information is converted to mesh data of the height above the sea level by a picture processor 12 to obtain three-dimensional analysis data of the scene, and three-dimensional data of a structure to be constructed in the plan site is synthesized with mesh data to generate three-dimensional picture data for scene model, and the coincidence processing between the topographic picture in this scene model picture and the point of view of the structure picture is performed, and thereafter, the scene model picture is generated by the form adjustment processing of the structure, and this scene model picture is seen to analyze and evaluate how the structure has an influence upon circumstances of the plan region.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a landscape in the planning and design of a structure or the like when constructing a structure in a natural environment or a living environment in the field of landscape in environmental planning, environmental conservation measures, and environmental assessment. Landscape analysis / prediction system used for pre-evaluation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, in the civil engineering business, the impact on the natural environment and living environment is grasped and evaluated at the planning and designing stage, and qualitative examination is conducted to accurately determine the impact on the future. It is necessary to make predictions, and it is becoming established as one of the environmental factors for prior evaluation in planning and design. Conventionally, as a method of analyzing and predicting the landscape by constructing structures in such natural environment and living environment at the planning and designing stage and evaluating it in advance, the qualitative method is based on the cases of similar areas. Most of them are traditional ones, scale models, or drawings such as perspectives. In addition, for the acquisition of topographical data (elevation, etc.) used for landscape evaluation and other analysis, a method of carefully reading the time and labor is used. Furthermore, regarding the creation of montages from composite photographs (landscapes and perspectives), we ask a professional engineer to
The method of drawing a structure, etc. on a landscape photograph after considering the viewpoint and viewing angle was adopted.

[0003]

However, in the conventional technique as described above, when acquiring the terrain data necessary for the preliminary evaluation of the landscape, most of the reading work depends on the human hand, and therefore, the inputting of the data is required. In addition to requiring a lot of time and labor for the work, human error is likely to occur in the process of reading the topographic data, and there is a problem in terms of data check and management. In addition, even when creating a composite photo that evaluates the landscape, a method in which a specialized engineer directly draws structures, etc. directly on the landscape photo that was previously taken and developed and printed is used. If it takes a long time to create and the data is modified,
You have to create a composite photo from the beginning. Also, because it is necessary to take the same work procedure as above each time the viewpoint for the landscape is changed, more effort and time are required to create the composite photograph, and it is also necessary to rework due to human error. There was a problem that it would increase.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to easily predict and evaluate a landscape interactively while viewing an image on a display screen. To provide a landscape analysis / prediction system.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the invention of claim 1 is a graphic reading means for reading contour lines from a topographic map of an area which is an object of landscape analysis / prediction, and the read contour lines. First image processing means for converting into elevation mesh data to generate three-dimensional image data from various viewpoints for the topography of the target area, and various viewpoints for the structure from the plan of the structure constructed in the target area. Second image processing means for generating three-dimensional image data from
Image data composition processing means for composing the three-dimensional image data of the terrain and the three-dimensional image data of the structure to form a three-dimensional landscape model image of the structure and the background thereof,
The display means for displaying the landscape model image and the form of the structure in the landscape model image displayed on the display means are adjusted based on an input command, and the landscape model image composed of the structure and the background is used as an object. The analysis processing means for predicting and evaluating the influence on the local environment is provided.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, an image input means for reading a current landscape image of a region to be analyzed / predicted from the landscape, and a plan view of a structure constructed in the target region are used for the structure. Image processing means for generating three-dimensional image data from various viewpoints, image data of the current landscape image and three-dimensional image data of the structure are combined to form a landscape model image composed of the structure and its background. Image data synthesizing processing means, display means for displaying the landscape model image, and the form of the structure in the landscape model image displayed on the display means is adjusted based on an input command, and the structure and its background The analysis processing means for predicting and evaluating the influence on the environment of the target area from the landscape model image consisting of and is configured.

[0007]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a landscape analysis / prediction system according to the present invention. In Fig. 1, 10 is a landscape analysis
The figure reading device 10 is a figure reading device for reading a topographical map of a target area of a prediction, a plan drawing of the target area, a design drawing of a structure constructed in the target area, a vegetation map, etc. This figure reading device 10 is a digitizer and this digitizer. It is composed of a processing unit for binarizing the two-dimensional position information of the read figure. Reference numeral 11 is an image input device for reading image information such as still photographs, video images and perspectives taken from each viewpoint of the area subject to landscape analysis / prediction. This image input device 11 is composed of an image scanner, scan converter, etc. To be done. That is, an image scanner is used to read still and perspective images, and a scan converter is used to read video images.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 12 denotes two-dimensional position data of a graphic read by the graphic reading device 10 and the image input device 1.
1 is an image processing apparatus for analyzing, converting, and synthesizing image data read by 1. The image processing apparatus 12 is connected to a storage device 13 for storing processed graphic data and image data, and A host processor 14 that also serves as image processing for performing image processing in real time at high speed is connected. Reference numeral 15 denotes an image output device connected to the storage device 13.
Is composed of a CRT or the like. The storage device 13 and the image output device 15 are controlled and managed by the host processor 14. Reference numeral 16 is an input device connected to the host processor 14, and the input device 16 is composed of a keyboard and the like.

In the configuration of the above embodiment, the graphic reading device 10 serves as the image reading means, the image input device 11 serves as the image input means, and the image processing device 12 serves as the first and second image processing means and analysis processing means. The image output device 15 constitutes display means.

Next, the operation of the present embodiment configured as described above will be described with reference to FIGS. First,
A processing procedure for generating three-dimensional topographical data from contour lines of a topographical map will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. When analyzing and forecasting the landscape of the target area, first,
The topographic map shown in FIG. 4 is set on the digitizer which is the figure reading device 10, and the boundary line of the planned area of the area which is the target of the landscape analysis / prediction on this topographic map and the contour lines within the planned area are free cursor of the digitizer. The trace of the planned site and each contour line is read by tracing. That is, by pushing the coordinate pickup button of the free cursor while moving the free cursor along the planned land boundary line or contour line, the planned land boundary line and each contour line are collected as two-dimensional position information (coordinates). After these two-dimensional position information is A / D converted (binarized), the image processing device 12
Is output (step S1). In the case of collecting the two-dimensional position information of contour lines, altitude data corresponding to each contour line and identification data indicating the contour line are input from the keyboard attached to the digitizer. Also, when collecting the two-dimensional position information of the planned boundary line, the identification data for identifying this is input from the keyboard.

In order to obtain the terrain mesh data, the image processing apparatus 12 executes 0.1 in the Y direction in step S2.
X direction data divided at a pitch interval of 0.1 cm in the X direction is generated for each of 261 lines formed at a pitch interval of cm, and further, in step S3, at a pitch interval of 0.1 cm in the X direction. For each of the 381 lines formed, Y direction data is generated which is divided in the Y direction at a pitch interval of 0.1 cm.

Next, in the image processing apparatus 12, step S
In 4, the spline interpolation is performed by using the X-direction data and the altitude data generated in step S2 for each two-dimensional position information (coordinates) of the contour lines read from the topographic map to determine the mesh interval and the altitude according to the contour lines. It is calculated and converted into 261 Y-direction mesh data extending in the X-direction. Further, in step S4, the above step S4 is performed for each two-dimensional position data of contour lines read from the topographic map.
By performing spline interpolation using the Y-direction data and the altitude data generated in 3, the mesh intervals and altitudes corresponding to the contour lines are calculated, and converted into 381 X-direction mesh data extending in the Y-direction. As a result, two pieces of mesh data are generated for each two-dimensional position (coordinates) of contour lines read from the topographic map. Therefore, in the next step S5, 2 of the same coordinate points calculated in step S5 are
By synthesizing (averaging) and correcting the three mesh data, accurate mesh data for three-dimensional display corresponding to the topography is generated. This mesh data is stored in the storage device 13.

On the other hand, in step S6, the boundary of the planned site on the topographic map is determined from the two-dimensional position data of the boundary of the planned site read from the topographic map, and in the next step S7, the boundary of the planned site is logical data. Convert to. This logical data is stored in the storage device 13.

In the next step S8, the storage device 13
Based on the mesh data stored in and the logical data about the boundary of the planned site, the visible and invisible area processing from the desired surrounding area of the planned site is performed.
Image data of the planned terrain viewed from the desired view point is generated (step S9). The generated image data is stored in the storage device 13 and is output to the image output device 15 under the control of the image processing device 12. The image output device 15 converts the image data into a three-dimensional output signal and outputs it to a CRT built in the image output device 15 to display the three-dimensional planned landform by the wire frame shown in FIG. 5 on the CRT.

In step S10, the storage device 13
Based on the mesh data and the logical data stored in, the visible and invisible area processing of the terrain on the site viewed from the specific viewpoint position is performed, thereby generating image data of the terrain viewed from the specific viewpoint (step S11). ). The generated image data is stored in the storage device 13 and is output to the image output device 15 under the control of the image processing device 12. The image output device 15 converts the image data into a three-dimensional output signal and outputs the signal to a CRT incorporated in the image output device 15, thereby the mesh-shaped three-dimensional site topography is displayed on the CRT.
To display.

Next, a processing procedure for predicting / evaluating a landscape using the three-dimensional topographical data and the design information of the structure constructed in the target area will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. First, the prediction / evaluation of a landscape when a three-dimensional topographic model (CG image) of a planned site and a three-dimensional model (CG image) of a structure constructed on the planned site are combined will be described. In this case, in the image processing device 12, the above-mentioned FIG.
Based on the terrain mesh data generated in step S5, three-dimensional image data (background data) necessary for stereoscopic display of the planned terrain is generated (step S21).

On the other hand, from the design drawing, the digitizer which is the figure reading device 10 reads the structure drawing constructed at the planned site from the design drawing, and the read structure drawing information is A
/ D conversion and input to the image processing device 12 (step S
22). In this case, the CAD data of the structure may be loaded into the image processing device 12. Image processing device 12
Then, the three-dimensional image data required for the three-dimensional display of the structure is generated based on the captured two-dimensional image data (step S23). In the next step S24, the three-dimensional image data of the planned landform and the three-dimensional image data of the structure are combined, and the hidden line / hidden surface erasing process is applied to the combined image data. Then, in step S25, the viewpoint position of the planned terrain and the structure is calculated, and the image of the planned terrain and the image of the structure are automatically calculated based on the calculation result so that the viewpoints for the planned terrain and the structure are the same. adjust. Also,
The three-dimensional image data is stored in the storage device 13 and the image output device 15 under the control of the image processing device 12.
Is output to. The image output device 15 converts image data into a three-dimensional output signal, and a CRT built in the image output device 15
By outputting the 3D plan topography model and the 3D structure model from the same viewpoint, the landscape model image is displayed on the CRT.

In the next step S26, while observing the display screen of the CRT, the structure of the structure within the planned site, that is, the color, texture, shape, etc. of the structure is in harmony with the background of the structure. Adjust the morphology. This adjusting operation is performed using the digitizer and the input device 16. afterwards,
In step S27, how the structure affects the environment in the planned area is analyzed and evaluated while viewing the adjusted landscape model image. Here, the evaluation result is OK
If it is determined that, the landscape model image is output to the image output device 15. The image output device 15 displays the landscape model image on the CRT, and outputs it to a photograph, a negative, a color print, a magnetic disk, or the like and copies it according to the final output request (step S28).
If it is determined in step S27 that the evaluation result is NG, the process returns to step S26, and the structural form process is repeatedly executed until OK is obtained.

Next, FIG. 3 shows a case where a landscape is evaluated by synthesizing a still picture of the current situation of the planned area and a structure image.
Will be described with reference to. In this case, a still picture of the planned area as shown in FIG.
It is read by an image scanner which is one of the two, A / D converted, and input to the image processing device 12 (step S2).
9). In the image processing device 12, the still picture image data and the three-dimensional image data 10 of the structure generated in steps S22 and S23 are combined in step S24, and further, the processes shown in steps S25 to S28 are executed similarly to the above. By doing so, a landscape model image in which a three-dimensional structure image is combined on the still picture is created. FIG. 7 shows an example of the landscape model image at this time.

In this embodiment as described above, the contour line and the boundary line of the planned site are read by the digitizer from the topographical map of the area where the landscape is analyzed / predicted, and the contour line is converted into elevation mesh data. Then, it is used as 3D analysis data of the landscape, and 3D image data of the structure constructed on the planned site is combined with the mesh data to generate 3D image data for the landscape model. After performing the process of matching the viewpoints of the topographic image and the structure image in the model image, the landscape model image is created by performing the form adjustment process of the structure. Since it is configured to analyze and evaluate how it affects the environment, it is possible to easily create landscape analysis data and input data while interacting with the screen, and There decreased, also prediction and evaluation time of the landscape can be greatly reduced.

Further, in this embodiment, landscape analysis /
The still image of the area to be predicted is read by the image scanner, this area image data and the 3D image data of the structure are combined to create a landscape model image (photo montage), and this photo montage is viewed. However, the structure that analyzes and evaluates how the structure affects the environment in the planned area is evaluated, and the graphical interactive operation on the screen can be used for landscape photography without requiring specialized knowledge or skills. You can easily create and modify montages on the screen.

The present invention is not limited to the configurations described in the above embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the claims.

[0023]

As described above, according to the present invention, graphic reading means for reading contour lines from a topographic map of an area to be analyzed / predicted for landscape, and the read contour lines are converted into elevation mesh data. First image processing means for generating three-dimensional image data from various points of view of the terrain of the target area, and three-dimensional image data from various points of view of the structure based on the plan of the structure constructed in the target area. Image data composition for composing the second image processing means for generating, the three-dimensional image data of the terrain and the three-dimensional image data of the structure to form a three-dimensional landscape model image of the structure and its background. Processing means, display means for displaying the landscape model image, and adjusting the form of the structure in the landscape model image displayed on the display means based on an input command,
Since the structure is provided with the analysis processing means for predicting and evaluating the influence on the environment of the target area from the landscape model image composed of the structure and its background, the screen for predicting / evaluating the landscape corresponding to various developments is displayed. While viewing the above image, it can be easily done interactively, human error can be reduced, and landscape prediction / evaluation time can be greatly reduced.

Further, in the present invention, image input means for reading the current landscape image of the area to be subjected to landscape analysis / prediction, and various viewpoints for the structure from the plan of the structure constructed in the target area. Image processing means for generating three-dimensional image data from the image, an image forming a landscape model image composed of a structure and its background by synthesizing the image data of the current landscape image and the three-dimensional image data of the structure. The data combination processing means, the display means for displaying the landscape model image, and the form of the structure in the landscape model image displayed on the display means are adjusted based on the input command, and the structure and the background thereof are adjusted. Since it is equipped with an analysis processing unit that predicts and evaluates the impact on the environment of the target area from the landscape model image, A photo montage for landscapes can be easily created and modified on the screen without the need for surgery, and landscape predictions and evaluations corresponding to various developments can be easily performed interactively while viewing the images on the display screen. It can be carried out.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a landscape analysis / prediction system according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure when three-dimensional topographic data is generated from contour lines of a topographic map in the present embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure when landscape prediction / evaluation is performed using three-dimensional topographical data and still image information of a target area in the present embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a topographic map applied to this embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a three-dimensional output image of terrain by a wire frame in the present embodiment.

FIG. 6 shows a current landscape still picture used in this embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of a landscape model image in which a current still picture and a structure image are combined in the present embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 Graphic Reading Device 11 Image Input Device 12 Image Processing Device 13 Storage Device 14 Host Processor 15 Image Output Device 16 Input Device

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A figure reading means for reading contour lines from a topographic map of an area to be subjected to landscape analysis / prediction, and three-dimensional views from various points of view of the topography of the target area by converting the read contour lines into elevation mesh data. A first image processing means for generating image data; a second image processing means for generating three-dimensional image data from various viewpoints of the structure based on a plan view of the structure constructed in the target area; Image data composition processing means for composing the three-dimensional image data of the terrain and the three-dimensional image data of the structure to form a three-dimensional landscape model image of the structure and its background, and the landscape model image is displayed. The display means and the form of the structure in the landscape model image displayed on the display means are adjusted based on an input command, and the landscape model image composed of the structure and the background is adjusted. Analysis and prediction system of the landscape to be equipped and analysis processing means for evaluating and predicting the impact on the local environment, the. 2. A three-dimensional image from various viewpoints of a structure based on a plan view of a structure constructed in the target area, and image input means for reading a current scene image of the area to be analyzed and predicted. Image processing means for generating data; and image data composition processing means for composing image data of the current landscape image and three-dimensional image data of the structure to form a landscape model image composed of the structure and its background. A display unit for displaying the landscape model image, a form of the structure in the landscape model image displayed on the display unit is adjusted based on an input command, and the landscape model image including the structure and the background thereof is adjusted. A landscape analysis / prediction system that includes analysis processing means that predicts and evaluates the impact on the environment of the target area.