JPH06321066A - Automatic car washing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To decrease the area necessary for installation of an automatic car washing device by arranging a water tank and a water injection pump together with a detergent tank and the like on one of left and right side parts of an arched frame, and by arranging a maintenance door at the inner surface of each of the side parts of the arched frame. CONSTITUTION:Equipments such as a detergent tank 16, a water tank 17, and a water injection pump 18 which are located in an arched frame 3 can be accessed for maintenance by opening doors 19 provided at the outer surfaces of side parts of the arched frame 3. No gap or space for opening the doors 19, for entrance of a worker or for installation of a water tank 17 is required around the arched frame 3. These doors 19 may be formed at the inner surfaces of the left and right side parts of the arched frame 3, and accordingly, no space for entrance through the doors 9 is required, thereby it is possible to reduce the installation space for the automatic car washing device 1.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an automatic car washing apparatus for washing a vehicle body without using a brush.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional technique for cleaning a vehicle body by jetting water instead of a rotating brush, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 17805/1989
There are those disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-220050. In this prior art, while moving the gate-shaped frame back and forth with respect to the vehicle body to be washed, the elevating drum is moved up and down to cause the upper nozzle to follow the outer surface of the vehicle body at regular intervals, and the upper nozzle is moved to the left and right. The cleaning liquid is sprayed onto the side surface of the vehicle body by moving the side nozzles up and down.

The water used in the upper nozzle and the side nozzles is supplied from a water tank installed outside the portal frame via a water injection pump and a high pressure hose, and the left and right sides of the portal frame. Equipment installed inside the unit is maintained from the doors on the outside of the side.

[0004]

In the above-mentioned prior art, it is easy to supply water to the water tank, but since water must be sent to the gate-shaped frame via the high-pressure hose, water leakage, pressure drop, etc. Therefore, it is difficult to optimally supply water to the nozzle, and it is necessary to secure an installation space for the water tank outside the portal frame. In addition, a space for opening and closing doors and for the entry and exit of people is required outside the left and right side portions of the gate frame, and the required installation area of the automatic car wash device is excessive.

The present invention is provided in the left and right side portions of the portal frame.
By arranging a water tank and a water injection pump, and installing a maintenance door on the inner surface of the side of the gate frame, the required installation area of the device can be reduced, and water leakage and pressure drop can be prevented easily. An object is to provide a car wash device.

[0006]

A concrete means for solving the problems in the present invention is a gate type frame 3 which moves relative to a vehicle body 2 to be washed, and the gate type frame 3
Vehicle detection means 4 provided on the vehicle and for detecting the outer surface of the vehicle body 2.
And the lifting drum 6 provided on the gate-shaped frame 3 so as to be able to move up and down.
And a movable table 7 provided on the elevating drum 6 so as to be movable left and right, an upper cleaning nozzle 8 provided on the movable table 7, and vertically movable parts provided on the left and right side portions of the gate frame 3. In an automatic car washing apparatus having a pair of left and right cleaning side nozzles 9, a water tank 17 and a water injection pump 18 are arranged together with a detergent tank 16 in one of the left and right side portions of the portal frame 3, That is, the maintenance door 19 is provided on the inner surface of the side portion of the frame 3.

[0007]

The water jetted from the upper nozzle 8 and the side nozzles 9 is supplied from the water tank 17 arranged in one of the left and right side portions of the gate frame 3 through the water jet pump 18 to secure the necessary water pressure. Moreover, since the distance from the water injection pump 18 to each nozzle is short, water leakage is unlikely to occur.

The detergent tank 16, the water tank 17, the water injection pump 18, and other devices arranged inside the portal frame 3 include a door 19 provided on an outer surface of a side portion of the portal frame 3.
Maintenance can be performed by opening, and there is no need to provide a space around the gate-shaped frame 3 for opening and closing the door 19, a space for an operator to enter and exit, and a space for installing the water tank 17.

[0009]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 5, an automatic car washing device 1 has a gate-shaped frame 3, and the gate-shaped frame 3 has a gate shape having left and right side portions and an upper portion connecting the left and right side portions to a vehicle body 2 to be washed. The gate-shaped frame 3 is equipped with all the necessary equipment for car washing.

The portal frame 3 can travel on the rails 23 at a required speed by driving the wheels 25 by the traveling mechanisms 22 provided on the bottoms of the left and right sides. On the gate-shaped frame 3, a vehicle detecting means 4 for detecting the outer surface of the vehicle body 2, an elevating and lowering drum 6 that is vertically movable, a movable table 7 that is horizontally movable on the elevating and lowering drum 6, and this movement. An upper cleaning nozzle 8 provided on the base 7, a pair of left and right cleaning side nozzles 9 provided on the left and right side portions so as to be able to move up and down, various drive devices, a tank, etc. are built-in and operated on the front surface on one side. A panel is provided.

The vehicle detecting means 4 has a large number of optical sensors 11 arranged vertically. This optical sensor 11 is provided with a light emitter 11A on one left and right side of the portal frame 3 and a light receiver 11B on the other side thereof, and detects the presence of the vehicle body 2 by utilizing the straightness of light. In FIGS. 1 and 6 to 8, the light sensor 11 has 24 light emitters 11A arranged vertically, and the light receiver 11B changes from on to off when light is blocked by the vehicle body 2 and light in the vertical direction. The boundary between the on and off states of the sensor 11 is the upper surface of the vehicle body 2, and the gate-shaped frame 3 travels with respect to the vehicle body 2 so that one light receiver 11B is provided.
Changes from ON to OFF over time, and the boundary between ON and OFF in time series of the optical sensor 11 is the front and rear surface of the vehicle body 2.
The vertical and time-sequential changes become the inclined surface of the vehicle body 2. Incidentally, FIG. 6 shows an example of reading a vehicle type of a passenger car, and FIG. 7 shows an example of reading a vehicle type of a truck.

Information from the optical sensor 11 is stored in the storage unit A of the computer 30 in time series. The computer 30 reads set information section B in which set information of car wash is programmed, information from the storage section A based on the set information of the set information section B, and sends a control signal to each device of the automatic car wash apparatus 1. And a processing unit C for sending the vehicle type, which constitutes the vehicle type recognition means 5.

1 to 5, 9 and 10, the raising and lowering drum 6 is formed in the shape of a rectangular box, and the left and right ends of the raising and lowering drum 6 are arranged in the left and right side portions of the gate frame 3 and the drum raising and lowering mechanism 31 is provided.
Is connected to a chain 32 and is moved up and down by driving a motor 33. 34U and 34D are vertical sensors that set the lifting range of the lifting drum 6. A movable table 7 is provided in the lifting drum 6 via a guide rail 35 so as to be movable in the left-right direction. Reference numeral 36 is a timing belt connected to the movable table 7, and constitutes a drive mechanism 15 for the movable table 7 together with the motor 37.

Reference numeral 14 denotes a pair of left and right sensors provided inside the elevating drum 6, which detects that the movable table 7 has moved, and immediately reverses the drive mechanism 15 or after a predetermined time. That is, when the movable table 7 is reversed at the position of the sensor 14, the movable range of the movable table 7 becomes the range J shown in FIG.
When the movable table 7 is rotated a certain distance from the position of the sensor 14 and reversed, the moving range of the movable table 7 becomes the range K, and the moving distance of the movable table 7 can be set according to two types of vehicle body widths.

The selection of the moving range of the moving table 7 can be performed manually, but as shown in FIG. 2, a pair of contact type or non-contact type vehicle width sensors 39 are provided on the right and left sides, and automatically. It is preferable that the vehicle width is detected and the movable table 7 reciprocates within the range K if the vehicle width is a certain value or more.
By providing a plurality of left and right pairs of sensors 14 and 39, the moving distance of the upper nozzle 8 can be set to three or more.

A motor 41 and a support case 42 are fixed to a support base 40 of the moving base 7, and a lower portion of the support case 42 is inserted into a groove 38 formed in the lifting drum 6 and protrudes downward to rotate the upper nozzle 8. Supports freely. 11,
12, the support case 42 has vertical shafts 43, 4
4 is supported, and gears 45, 46 fixed to both shafts 43, 44
A timing belt 47 is wound around the upper shaft 43, the upper shaft 43 is directly connected to the output shaft 41A of the motor 41, and the main body 12 of the upper nozzle 8 is fixed to the lower shaft 44. Therefore, when the motor 41 is driven, the upper shaft 43 rotates, and the upper nozzle 8 rotates around the horizontal axis via the timing belt 47 and the lower shaft 44.

The upper nozzle 8 has one ejection fitting 13 projecting downward from the lateral body 12 and a hose connecting fitting 48 diametrically with respect to the ejection fitting 13, and the ejection fitting 13 is shown in detail in FIG. Although not shown, it is possible to change between a state of spraying the detergent and a state of spraying water with a spatula. The support base 40 is provided with three proximity switches 49, which can be operated by an operating piece 50 provided on the output shaft 41A. The proximity switch 49 controls the motor 41 and the upper nozzle 8 Is stopped at 3 rotation positions.

That is, by rotating the upper nozzle 8, it is possible to change the posture of the ejection metal fitting 13 between the downward posture E and the front and rear diagonal downward postures F and G, as shown in FIG. The proximity switch 49 is provided, and a nozzle posture changing mechanism 51 for changing the posture of the upper nozzle 8 is configured by the transmission means in the motor 41 and the support case 42.

The hose connecting fitting 48 is connected to an injection pump via a hose 52, an electromagnetic switching valve, etc., and the injection pump is connected to a detergent tank 16, a water tank 17, a wax tank 53, etc. (shown in FIGS. 2 and 4). Then, a cleaning liquid such as detergent, water, and water containing wax is jetted from one upper nozzle 8 as appropriate. The movable table 7 is also provided with a drum collision prevention means 54. The drum collision prevention means 54 includes a whisker-shaped contact piece 55 protruding forward and backward from the groove 38.
Sensor 56 for detecting the back-and-forth movement of the whiskers, and a second sensor 56 for detecting the up-and-down movement of the whisker-shaped contact piece 57 protruding downward from the groove 38.
And a sensor 58.

The drum collision prevention means 54 is provided with a contact piece 55 when the lifting drum 6 comes too close to the vehicle body 2 in the front-rear direction and the up-down direction due to a failure of the vehicle type recognition means 5.
57 operates when it comes into contact with the vehicle body 2 to detect that they are too close to each other and stop the lifting of the lifting drum 6 or the traveling of the gate frame 3. Detection information is transmitted to the processing section C of the computer 30 as error detection means of the drum collision prevention means 54, and its operation is stored in the error storage section L and the current error display section M as shown in FIG. Displayed as an error.

1 to 5, each of the left and right side nozzles 9 is divided into a detergent nozzle 9A and a water nozzle 9B, and both nozzles 9A and 9B are the timing of the nozzle elevating mechanism 59 in the left and right side portions of the portal frame 3. It is connected to the belt 60 and is moved up and down by driving a motor 61. 62U and 62D are vertical sensors which set the maximum lifting range of the lifting drum 6. The side nozzle 9 changes from the rising height P to the rising height Q according to the height of the car wash part of the vehicle body 2 by the command control from the car type recognition means 5 so as not to waste the detergent and water. Has become. Further, since the side nozzle 9 has a high ascending / descending speed, it is driven not by the chain but by the timing belt 60 so that there is no noise.

The projecting groove 63 of the side nozzle 9 in the gate-shaped frame 3 is opened forward rather than inward,
The side nozzle 9 has a bent base and a front end directed inward, so that water does not enter the portal frame 3 through the protruding groove 63 as much as possible. The detergent nozzle 9A and the water nozzle 9B are each connected to an injection pump via a hose, an electromagnetic switching valve, etc., and each injection pump is connected to the detergent tank 16 or the water tank 17, the wax tank 53, etc., and the detergent nozzle 9A is Detergent only, water nozzle 9B
Spouts water or waxed water.

Detergent injection and water injection pumps 18 for the upper nozzle 8 and the side nozzles 9, detergent tank 16,
The water tank 17 and the wax tank 53 are arranged in the left and right side portions of the portal frame 3, and the nozzles 8 and 9 and the water injection pump 18 are connected via a high pressure hose.
The water tank 17 is connected to an external water pipe via a hose. By arranging this water tank 17 in the gate-shaped frame 3, the distance from the water injection pump 18 to the upper nozzle 8 and the side nozzles 9 becomes extremely short, and the required water pressure can be obtained as in the case of detergent or wax. However, it can be covered by a small pump and motor, and water leakage is reduced.

As shown in FIG. 2, the inner surfaces of the left and right side portions of the gate-shaped frame 3 are used for maintenance and inspection of the various injection pumps, power distribution equipment, etc., and for supplying various tanks with detergent, wax, etc. Further, a maintenance door 19 is provided. By providing the doors 19 on the inner surfaces of the left and right side portions of the gate-shaped frame 3, there is no need for a space around the gate-shaped frame 3 for entering and exiting from the doors 19, and the automatic car wash device 1
The installation space can be reduced.

1 to 5, 13 is a blower jetting means for drying the vehicle body 2, and an upper blower jetting means 10A.
And a pair of left and right lateral blower ejection means 10B. The pair of left and right lateral blower ejecting means 10B are provided in the left and right side portions of the gate frame 3 and the air outlets are directed inward. Although the positions are fixed, they may be moved up and down. The upper blower ejecting means 10A includes a support member 67 in which the blower ejecting body 24 having a pair of left and right wind ejecting chambers 66 is formed of a plurality of rods.
Is connected to an elevating body 68 via an elevating body 68, and the elevating body 68 can be moved up and down by a blower drive mechanism 69 including a chain, a motor, etc., and a pair of left and right bellows hoses 70 are attached to the blower ejecting body 24.
Blower fan 7 driven by a blower motor 71 via
It is configured by connecting with 2. Reference numerals 73U and 73D are vertical sensors that set the lifting range of the blower ejecting body 24.

Blower collision prevention means 74 is provided at the left and right center of the blower ejecting body 24. As shown in FIG. 13, the blower collision preventing means 74 has a whisker-shaped contact piece 77 protruding forward and backward on a shaft 76 pivotally supported by a bearing body 75.
And the operating piece 78 are provided, and the rotation of the operating piece 78 is detected by the proximity switch 79. When the contact piece 77 comes into contact with the vehicle body 2, the operating piece 78 is swung to rotate the operating piece 78. By doing so, it is detected that the blower ejector 24 is too close to the vehicle body 2 and the descent of the blower ejecting body 24 or the traveling of the gate type frame 3 is stopped.

The blower collision prevention means 74 also transmits the detection information to the processing section C of the computer 30 as an error detection means, and the operation thereof is stored in the error storage section L and displayed in the current error display section M as an error. It The error detection means include, in addition to the drum collision prevention means 54 and the blower collision prevention means 74, detection of a vehicle wash position defect of the vehicle body 2 detected by the vehicle type recognition means 5, malfunction of each drive mechanism, malfunction of an injection pump, and the like. There is a device or the like for detecting each of the detection information. The detection information is transmitted to the processing unit C of the computer 30, stored in the error storage unit L, displayed as an error in the current error display unit M, and if necessary, in the past error display unit. With N, it is possible to display the past error several times ago.

The traveling mechanism 22, the drum lifting mechanism 31,
An inverter is used as a drive device such as the movement allowance drive mechanism 15, the nozzle attitude changing mechanism 51, and the blower drive mechanism 69.
A servo driver is used for the nozzle lifting mechanism 59. Next, a car wash method in the automatic car wash apparatus 1 shown in the above embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.

The car body 2 is stopped at a predetermined car wash position with respect to the gate frame 3, and the operation panel is used for water washing / drying course, detergent spraying / water washing (with wax) / drying course, detergent spraying / water washing (with wax). ) ・ Choose a water washing / drying course to start the car wash. When the gate-shaped frame 3 moves forward and backward on the rail 23 by the traveling mechanism 22, the optical sensor 11 of the vehicle detection means 4 arranged in the front portion detects the vehicle body 2 from the end portion (front portion), By inputting as external information into the storage unit A of the vehicle type recognition unit 5 and detecting it over the entire length of the vehicle body 2 by the movement of the gate type frame 3,
The model of the vehicle body 2 is recognized.

After the vehicle type of the vehicle body 2 is recognized by the vehicle detecting means 4, the processing section C of the vehicle type recognizing means 5 stores the storing section based on the set information of the set information section B in which the set information of the car wash is programmed. Information is read from A, and output signals are sent to the gate-shaped frame 3, the lifting drum 6, the moving table 7, the side nozzles 9, the blower jetting means 10, etc. to control them.

If the vehicle body 2 deviates from the predetermined car wash stop position before or after it, the vehicle type recognition by the vehicle detection means 4 is not normally performed, so that an error is detected and the gate type frame 3 travels. Is stopped. When the detergent spraying / water washing (with wax) / water washing / drying course is selected, the detergent spraying process is performed during the first forward movement of the gate-shaped frame 3, and the water washing (waxing) stroke is performed during the first recovery movement. The water washing step is performed during the second forward movement, and the drying step is performed during the second recovery movement, and the washing liquid is selected according to each step.

In the upper detergent spraying process, as shown by the solid line in FIG. 14, the elevating drum 6 is once lowered to be placed at a constant interval with respect to the vehicle body 2, and the upper nozzle 8 is inclined forward and downward. Then, it is made to face the lower end position of the vehicle body 2, and the detergent is sprayed and sprayed. When the front surface of the vehicle body 2 is finished in this way, the upper nozzle 8 is changed to the downward posture E while raising the elevating drum 6, and the upper surface of the bonnet is changed to the upper face.
Change to front windshield F to front windshield, downward to roof roof, rearward to rearward posture G to rear glass, downward to rear trunk lid, rearward rearward posture G to rear bumper Is sprayed.

The detergent spraying process on the side portion is carried out substantially at the same time as the detergent spraying on the upper portion. As shown by the chain double-dashed line in FIG. Is sprayed and sprayed, and evenly sprayed onto the details of the cleaning surface on the side surface of the vehicle body 2. The height of the upper surface of the vehicle body 2 varies depending on the positions in the front-rear direction, and is low on the bonnet, high on the roof, and halfway on the glass surface. Is slow, high at high speed, medium speed at midway height, and makes one round trip in a substantially constant time.

In the detergent spraying process, the detergent is sprayed to remove the dirt adhering to the surface of the vehicle body 2. Since the detergent is sprayed in the detergent spraying process on the upper portion, the nozzle is farther from the vehicle body 2 than the cleaning process. The upper cleaning step is performed after the detergent spraying step is completed, while the portal frame 3 is moved back, as indicated by the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. The elevating drum 6 is once lowered to be arranged at a constant interval (position closer to the detergent spraying process) with respect to the vehicle body 2, and the upper nozzle 8 is placed in a rearward oblique downward posture G so as to face the lower end position of the vehicle body 2. Then, the wax is jetted while mixing the wax into the water pumped from the water tank 17 through the water jet pump 18, and the high spatula jet having a wide spatula shape is sprayed evenly to the details of the cleaning surface. Go.

As described above, in the same manner as in the detergent spraying process, while the posture of the upper nozzle 8 is changed, the wax-containing water is jetted to the entire upper surface and the front-rear surface of the vehicle body 2 by the high-pressure water containing the wax micro particles. The dirt layer is scraped off, and at the same time, the wax component is spread and adhered to the cleaning surface, providing gloss and a high rust preventive effect. The side washing process is performed almost at the same time as the upper washing process, and water containing wax is jetted from the water nozzle 9B of the side nozzle 9. Also in this case, the moving speed of the side nozzle 9 changes according to the height of the upper surface of the vehicle body 2, and the side nozzle 9 reciprocates once in a substantially constant time.

Next, in the second forward movement (solid line in FIG. 14), the upper water washing process and the side water washing process are performed from the front side of the vehicle body 2. The upper water washing process and the side water washing process are substantially the same as the upper washing process and the side washing process, except that the moving direction of the gate-shaped frame 3 is reversed and only water containing no wax is used. Then, the detergent and wax are washed off with high water pressure to finish.

In each washing step, even if there are protrusions such as a rearview mirror and an antenna, the washing is performed without winding around like a brush or scratching the painted surface of the body, and the water pressure is also adjusted by control from the computer. . Further, in the upper washing process and the upper water washing process, when the width of the vehicle body 2 is small, the moving distance of the moving base 7 becomes a short distance section up to the sensor 14 by a signal from the operation panel, and when the width is large, the sensor 14 is turned on. It becomes a long-distance section that moves over a certain distance.

The drying process is stopped after the rinsing is completed and the gate-shaped frame 3 reaches the rear end of the vehicle body 2, and the drying blower process is automatically switched to the upper blower ejecting means 10.
When A is operated, the blower ejector 24 is moved up and down like the upper nozzle 8 through the dotted locus in FIG. 14, and the wind is blown from the upper portion of the vehicle body 2 until the gate-shaped frame 3 returns to its original position. While moving, the water droplets on the vehicle body 2 are uniformly blown off and dried. Then, when it has finished drying to the lower part of the front surface of the vehicle body 2, it stops, and the blower ejecting body 24 rises to the uppermost part and stops.

When the water washing / drying course is selected, the gate type frame 3 makes one reciprocation, and when the detergent spraying / water washing (with wax) / drying course is selected, the gate type frame 3 is detergent spraying. After the process is completed, the work is returned to the original position without performing any work (indicated by the one-dot chain line in FIG. 14), and the next one reciprocation is performed with water washing (with wax) and drying work. During each process of detergent spraying, water washing (containing wax), water washing, and drying, for some reason, the drum collision prevention unit 54,
When the blower collision prevention means 74 or the like is activated, an error is detected, and the lifting and lowering of the lifting drum 6 or the traveling of the gate type frame 3 is stopped, and the information is input to the processing section C as shown in FIG. An error is displayed on the display unit M. When it is desired to know the number of past errors, the error can be output from the error storage unit L and displayed on the past present error display unit N.

[0040]

According to the present invention described in detail above, the water tank 17 and the water injection pump 18 together with the detergent tank 16 and the like are arranged in one of the left and right side portions of the portal frame 3, and Since the maintenance door 19 is provided on the inner surface of the side portion, water leakage, pressure drop, etc. are unlikely to occur in the supply of high-pressure water to the upper nozzle 8 and the side nozzle 9, and the gate-shaped frame 3
There is no need to secure an installation space for the water tank 17 outside, and the door 1 is provided outside the left and right side portions of the gate frame 3.
9. The space required for opening and closing and for the entry and exit of people is not required, and the required installation area of the automatic car wash device 1 can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line XX of FIG.

3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line YY of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a right side view of the section of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional plan view.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of reading a vehicle model of a passenger car.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of reading a vehicle type of a truck.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of control.

FIG. 9 is a plan view showing the internal structure of the lifting drum.

FIG. 10 is a sectional perspective view showing a movable table and an upper nozzle.

FIG. 11 is a sectional front view showing a nozzle posture changing mechanism and a drum collision preventing means.

FIG. 12 is a plan view of FIG. 11.

FIG. 13 is a sectional front view of blower collision prevention means.

FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram showing a car wash operation.

FIG. 15 is a flowchart showing a car wash operation.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Automatic car washing device 2 Vehicle body 3 Gate type frame 4 Vehicle detecting means 5 Vehicle type recognizing means 6 Lifting drum 7 Moving stand 8 Upper nozzle 9 Side nozzle 10 Blower ejecting means 11 Optical sensor 15 Moving stand driving mechanism 31 Drum lifting mechanism 51 Nozzle posture Change mechanism 59 Side nozzle lifting mechanism 69 Blower drive mechanism 30 Computer

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A gate type frame (3) that moves relative to a vehicle body (2) to be washed, and a vehicle detection provided on the gate type frame (3) for detecting the outer surface of the vehicle body (2). Means (4), lifting drum (6) provided on the gate-shaped frame (3) so as to be able to move up and down, moving table (7) provided on the lifting drum (6) so as to be movable left and right, and this moving table ( An automatic car washing apparatus having a cleaning upper nozzle (8) provided in 7) and a pair of left and right cleaning side nozzles (9) provided on the left and right side portions of the gate-shaped frame (3) so as to be vertically movable. In one of the left and right side portions of the portal frame (3), the water tank (17) and the water injection pump (18) are arranged together with the detergent tank (16) and the like, and the lateral portion of the portal frame (3) is arranged. Automatic washing characterized by having a maintenance door (19) on the inner surface Apparatus.