JPH06319373A - Mushroom cultivation bag - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a mushroom cultivation bag for the mycelium bed culture of mushroom, enabling the supply of air from the bottom of the bag as well as from the top, and capable of remarkably shortening the culture period without causing the contamination with miscellaneous germs. CONSTITUTION:Through-holes are opened at a part in contact with a medium and a part not in contact with the medium in the mycelium bed culture of a mushroom. These through-holes are covered with a porous film permeable to air and impermeable to miscellaneous germs and the through-hole at the part in contact with the medium is covered with a filter member produced by placing air-permeable and water-impermeable porous films on both faces of a separation layer composed of an air-permeable hydrophobic material such as nonwoven cloth of polypropylene fiber.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention, in the fungal bed cultivation of mushrooms, supplies air not only from the upper part of the bag but also from the part in contact with the culture medium at the lower part of the bag, and the number of culture days can be kept without being contaminated by various bacteria. The present invention relates to a bag for cultivating mushrooms that greatly shortens.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in mushroom bed cultivation of mushrooms, a plastic bag made of polypropylene, high-density polyethylene or the like is mainly filled with sawdust, and a medium supplemented with a nutrient source is filled, and the medium is sterilized and then seeded. Was inoculated and cultured. In the case of fungi, a sufficient supply of air speeds up the growth of the fungi and harvests vigorous fungi, but on the other hand, there is a risk of being contaminated by various bacteria and ending without harvest.

Therefore, in bacterial bed cultivation, perforations are provided above the culture medium of the plastic bag, that is, in a portion that does not come into contact with the culture medium, and the perforations are covered with a porous film that allows air to pass therethrough and does not pass miscellaneous bacteria. Was there. In this case, the planted inoculum gradually propagates downward from the upper part of the medium, and although it depends on the type of fungus, it takes about a certain period of time for the fungus to spread throughout the plant.

[0004]

In order to quickly spread the fungus on the entire medium, it is preferable to supply air not only from the upper part of the culture bag but also from the lower part. In general, since a porous film is a thin material, a non-woven fabric is attached to the inner surface to reinforce it. However, it was observed that even if a porous film that allows air to pass through and that does not allow miscellaneous bacteria to pass through is used, if a vent hole is provided at the site in contact with the medium, the medium will actually be contaminated and a large amount of medium must be discarded. It had been. The present inventor has adhered a porous film having a pore size of 0.4 μ × 0.04 μ, which has a through hole smaller than that of a bacterium, to a non-woven fabric. Are being experienced. Therefore, in order to shorten the cultivation period of the fungus, even when using a cultivation bag that supplies air through a porous film to the portion of the cultivation bag that contacts the culture medium, the cultivation bag of the fungus does not cause contamination by miscellaneous bacteria. It was wanted.

[0005]

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention is intended to solve the above-mentioned problems, and its constitution is to provide through-holes in a portion which is in contact with the medium and a portion which is not in contact with the medium in the fungus bed cultivation of fungi. These through-holes are covered with a porous film that allows air to pass through but does not allow bacteria to pass through, and the through-holes that come into contact with the medium have both sides of an isolation layer made of a breathable, hydrophobic material, for example, a nonwoven fabric such as polypropylene fiber. And a filter member provided with a porous film that allows air to pass therethrough and does not allow water to pass therethrough.

The fungi used in the present invention may be any fungi that can be cultivated in a fungus bed, such as shiitake, maitake, shimeji mushroom,
Various mushrooms such as Yamabushi mushrooms can be mentioned.

The bag of the present invention is a bag which is filled with a water-rich culture medium obtained by adding nutrients such as bran or rice to rice flour, sterilized by steam, inoculated, and cultured for a long period of time. Any material having strength can be used. Generally, a thickness of 30
~ 70μ, preferably 40-60μ polypropylene,
Polyolefins such as high density polyethylene are used. The form of the bag may be a bag obtained by simply fusing and cutting a tubular plastic and cutting it, or a bag provided with a gusset fold on the side of the bag or on the bag bottom may be used. The bag provided with the gusset fold has a wide bottom when filled with the medium, and has an advantage that the bag filled with the medium can be stably placed.

Since the bag mouth is closed during the culture, the bag is provided with a vent hole. In general, the ventilation hole is formed by first perforating a predetermined portion of the bag, covering the perforation with a filter member larger than the perforation, and fusing the filter member around the perforation to the film. A filter member generally used is called a porous film, has a roughness of the mesh that allows air to pass therethrough and does not pass bacteria, and is preferably a hydrophobic material. It is preferable to use a single-layer porous film having fine and uniform fine pores, but even a porous film having a pore size larger than that of bacteria can be used when laminated in multiple layers. As a result, only air circulates from the perforated site, promoting the growth of fungi and preventing contamination by miscellaneous bacteria during that time.

Generally, one or more vent holes are provided above the site where the culture bag is filled with the culture medium, that is, at the site that does not come into contact with the medium. If the vents come in contact with the medium,
It is thought that this is because when the water in the medium is leached from the porous film, various bacteria can pass through. The present invention is characterized in that a ventilation hole is also provided in a portion that comes into contact with the medium.

The filter member used for the ventilation hole provided at the portion in contact with the culture medium is made by integrating two porous films with a ventilation and hydrophobic isolation layer interposed. A non-woven fabric made of polyolefin fiber such as polypropylene is generally used as the breathable and hydrophobic material. Also, an open-celled hydrophobic plastic foam such as expanded polyethylene can be used. The thickness of the isolation layer should be such that even if one porous film is wet, this wetness does not transfer to the other porous film. Therefore, it is generally about 50 to 200 μ, although it varies depending on the type of porous film and the type of material of the isolation layer.

The area where the ventilation holes are in contact with the medium is as long as possible when the cultivation bag is erected and cultivated, as long as it does not come into contact with the floor of the side wall when the bag bottom is placed on the floor. The lower side is preferred. When the culture bag is laid down and cultured, a region close to the bag bottom of the upper region in the cultivated state is preferable. Generally, it is a position of 10 to 100 mm from the bottom fusion bonding part of the cultivation bag expressed by the center position of the through hole. This is because the air supplied from the ventilation holes in the upper part of the medium is used for the growth of bacteria in the upper part of the medium. It is effective.

In the present invention, a through-hole provided in a portion of the cultivation bag that comes into contact with the medium is provided with a porous film, an isolation layer,
Although it was covered with a filter member made of a porous film, if a culture medium is likely to be contaminated, an isolation layer and a porous film layer can be additionally provided.

[0013]

The present invention provides a culture bag used for fungal bed cultivation,
In order to accelerate the growth of the bacteria, it is attempted to aerate not only from above the medium but also from below. In this case, since the culture medium is filled in the lower part, the water content of the culture medium permeates through the porous film. Miscellaneous bacteria are thought to pass through a moist porous film. The present inventor used a porous film having a pore size of 0.04 μ × 0.4 μ, but it was contaminated by various bacteria.

According to the present invention, by providing a breathable and hydrophobic isolation layer between the porous films, one surface is in direct contact with the medium and the other surface is in contact with the hydrophobic isolation layer. The inner porous film suppresses the leaching of water. As a result, it is considered that the outer porous film, one surface of which is in contact with the outside air and the other surface of which is in contact with the hydrophobic isolation layer, can maintain a dry state and prevents passage of various bacteria.

[0015]

[Example] As a cultivation bag, a bag made of a polypropylene film having a thickness of 50 µ, having a depth of about 45 cm and a circumference of about 64 cm was used. The cultivation bag is a bag in which the above film is formed into a tubular shape, which is then laterally fused and cut. This cultivation bag has two perforations with a diameter of 28 mm, located 15 cm from the bag mouth,
It was drilled at a position 8 cm from the bottom of the bag. Therefore, the center-to-center distance of the perforations was about 21 cm. The perforations provided in the upper part were covered with a 42 mm square upper porous film (Clarney's Duraguard), and the periphery of the perforations was heat-sealed to the film material.

The upper porous film is made of polypropylene and has a thickness of about 25 μm, and is reinforced by a non-woven fabric layer of polypropylene fiber having a thickness of 75 μm. In this example, the non-woven fabric layer was placed on the film side of the bag, and the porous film was placed outside and heat-bonded around the perforations of the cultivation bag.

Further, a lower filter member was attached to the periphery of the lower hole provided 8 cm from the bottom of the bag to form a vent hole. The lower filter member is formed by sandwiching a nonwoven fabric layer between two porous films and integrating them. In this example, the non-woven fabric sides of the above two porous films were put together and integrated. Therefore, the thickness of 1
A non-woven fabric layer made of polypropylene fiber having a thickness of 50 μ was present, and a porous film having a thickness of 25 μ and a Duraguard layer were present on both surfaces thereof.

Shiitake mushrooms were cultivated using a culture medium having the following formulation. A culture medium prepared by thoroughly mixing 130 kg of sawdust, 20 kg of bran, and 175 kg of water was filled in the above-mentioned cultivation bag at a rate of about 2.5 kg per bag. At the time of filling, a certain amount of the culture medium was filled and then a pressing force was applied from above to solidify the culture medium, and the culture medium was filled into a rectangular shape having a height of about 17 cm.

The bag mouth has two folds at the upper end, and the folded portion is about 1
It was penetrated by a hot needle heated to 50 ° C. and locally fused. When sterilized at 125 ° C. for 5 hours in this state, the generated steam was discharged by opening the two folds in the central part, and the bag mouth was closed as the vapor pressure decreased. After the sterilization is finished and the bag is left to cool, the bag on the both sides is in a state in which the films on both sides are folded twice, so that the bag is closed with 6 films. Therefore, it was possible to eliminate the invasion of various bacteria from the film mouth during the culture.

As an inoculum to be used for inoculation, an inoculum of shiitake mushroom grown in a saw medium for bed cultivation was inoculated by adding a thickening agent such as carboxymethyl cellulose and water to give fluidity. Using a syringe-shaped inoculator having an injection needle with an inner diameter of about 5 mm and an outer diameter of about 7 mm, the inoculation was performed from the outside of the cultivation bag to the center of the culture medium. The inoculation was performed in two rows and two stages arranged so as to be as even as possible from a total of four locations to the center of the culture medium. Since a hole provided by a needle for inoculation remained at the inoculated portion, a hot-melt hot-melt type adhesive was supplied from the nozzle tip in order to prevent contamination from the hole. After the adhesive was cooled, the hot melt type adhesive swelled and adhered to the surface of the bag film, and the injection trace could be easily sealed. When the lower filter member stood up, it did not contact the floor, was present near the bag bottom, was not contaminated by various bacteria, and was able to supply air from the lower part.

After the inoculation, the cultivation bag was placed at a temperature of 24 ° C. and a humidity of 6
Cultured in 5% room. In about 70 days, mycelium spread all over and culture was completed. In this state, the cultivation bag was broken and the culture medium was exposed. The culture medium was in a state in which it could be carried without a bag because the mycelium was sufficiently infiltrated and became a lump. When a fruiting body was generated from this culture medium by a conventional method, it was possible to collect shiitake mushrooms of the same quality and quantity as those cultivated using a conventional cultivation bag without a lower filter member.

On the other hand, when the cultivation bag was cultivated in the same manner as in the example except that the lower side perforation was not provided and therefore the lower filter member was not used, the mycelium was broken until the cultivation bag was broken and fruit bodies were generated. It took about 120 days to spread.

[0023]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY According to the present invention, in the fungal bed cultivation of fungi, even at the site filled with the culture medium below the cultivation bag,
The vent hole can be provided without being contaminated by various bacteria. As a result, both the upper part and the lower part of the culture medium are aerated, and the fungi can be rapidly spread and the cultivation period can be greatly shortened.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. In mushroom bed cultivation of fungi, through-holes are provided in a portion that comes into contact with the medium and a portion that does not come into contact with the medium, and these through-holes are covered with a porous film that allows air to pass through but does not pass miscellaneous bacteria. Along with both sides of the isolation layer made of breathable and hydrophobic material, the through-hole in the part that comes into contact with the medium,
A bag for cultivating a mushroom fungus, which is coated with a filter member provided with a porous film that allows air to pass therethrough and does not allow water to pass therethrough. 2. The fungus-cultivating bag for mushrooms according to claim 1, wherein a non-woven fabric layer made of a hydrophobic polyolefin fiber is used as the isolation layer.