JPH06319353A - Device for treating harvested vegetable - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a harvested vegetable treating device capable of cutting the root and stem part of a vegetable at a proper position by disposing a specific outer leaf-pressing mechanism in a vegetable-carrying section. CONSTITUTION:A pair of right and left spiral press bushes 63 are disposed above the carrying screws 13 of a carrying section 4 for lifting and horizontally carrying a harvested vegetable 2. The press brushes are downward tilted in the state widened toward their ends on the plane view in the vegetable-carrying direction to turn over and press down the outer leaf 2c.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a harvested vegetable processing apparatus for harvesting headed vegetables such as cabbage and lettuce and then cutting the rhizomes and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a vegetable harvester for heading vegetables such as cabbage, for example, "New Edition Agricultural Machinery Handbook, Corona Co., Ltd., issued March 30, 1984, No. 863-86.
See page 5. This vegetable harvester conveys on a belt conveyor while digging cabbage in the harvesting section,
The root blade is cut by a rotary blade in the middle of the transportation, and then sent to a screw type outer leaf removing roll to remove the outer leaf.

[0003]

When the rhizome is cut together with the lower part of the outer leaf in a state of being wrapped in the outer leaf (the above-mentioned prior art is presumed to be based on this method), a screw type outer leaf It is possible to remove the outer leaf with a removal roll,
It is extremely difficult to cut the rhizome at the optimum cutting position.

That is, the optimum cutting position of the root of the cabbage can be set for the first time in a state where the outer leaf is appropriately removed, and the root portion is cut before the outer leaf is removed as in the prior art. If so, the rhizome remaining on the head side becomes long and uneven, and most cabbage requires cutting and adjusting the rhizome again, which is inefficient and may damage the head part.

By the way, the screw type outer leaf removing roll can remove the outer leaf separated from the rhizome, but it is difficult to push down the outer leaf attached to the rhizome.
The present invention provides an outer leaf pressing mechanism in the conveying section, and pushes down and reverses the outer leaves of vegetables being conveyed by a pair of left and right pressing members, thereby exposing the bulb portion and cutting the rhizome at an appropriate position thereafter. It is an object of the present invention to provide a harvested vegetable processing device capable of easily performing.

[0006]

A concrete means for solving the problems in the present invention is a head portion 2a harvested from a field,
The outer leaf pressing mechanism C that pushes down the outer leaf 2c with a pair of left and right holding members inclined downward in the feeding direction is provided in the feeding unit 4 that feeds the vegetables 2 having the rhizome 2b and the outer leaf 2c.

[0007]

[Operation] Conveying screw 1 of conveying section 4 for harvested vegetables 2
While being conveyed by 3, the pair of left and right pressing members of the outer leaf pressing mechanism C is brought into contact with the outer leaf 2c from above. The left and right pressing members are inclined downward in the transport direction, and the outer leaf 2c
It comes in contact with and presses it down while inverting it.

[0008]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 20 to 22 show a vegetable harvester applied to the harvest of cabbage, which has a traveling vehicle 1 on which the cabbage (vegetable) 2 in the field is pulled out and the vehicle 1 is used. Harvesting unit 3 that conveys it backward in the direction of travel
And a carrying section 4 for lifting and horizontally carrying the cabbage 2 sent by the harvesting section 3, and a rhizome section 2b and an outer leaf 2c of the cabbage 2 carried horizontally by the carrying section 4.
In order to select and remove the cutting portion 5 arranged at the rear end of the conveying portion 4 for cutting and removing the rooting portion 2b and the bulb portion 2a from which the outer leaf 2c has been removed by the cutting portion 5, the cutting portion 5 A sorting section 7 disposed on the side of the sorting section 7 and an adjusting working section 8 for an adjusting operator provided between the cutting section 5 and the sorting section 7 are provided. The transport unit 4 and the cutting unit 5 form a harvested vegetable processing device A.

The traveling vehicle 1 has a vehicle body provided with a rubber crawler 9, and a driver's seat 10 is provided on the front right side of the vehicle body. A power steering operation handle is provided in front of the driver's seat 10, and a main gear shift lever, an auxiliary gear shift lever, an accelerator lever, etc. are provided on the left side of the driver's seat 10. An engine (not shown) for driving the rubber crawler 9 is provided in the vehicle body.

1 to 4, 20 to 22, the harvesting section 3 is arranged on the vehicle body on the left side of the driver's seat 10. The harvesting section 3 has a pair of left and right dividers 6 projecting forward of the vehicle body, and an auger screw 11 connected to the rear end of each divider 6. The divider 6 guides the root portion of the cabbage 2 and lifts and pulls it out. As shown in FIG. 2, the divider 6 is arranged in an eight shape so that the separation distance on the tip end side becomes wide in plan view. The separation distance on the rear end side of the pair of left and right dividers 6 is set to a distance at which the rhizome 2b of the cabbage 2 can be held.

The left and right auger screws 11 carry the root portion 2b in the groove of both screws and convey it rearward. The auger screw 11 and the divider 6 form a predetermined angle with respect to the surface of the field. Is arranged. The conveying unit 4 includes a lifting screw 12 that is interlocked with a rear end of the auger screw 11 and a conveying screw 1 that is interlocked with a rear end of the lifting screw 12.
3 and 3. The lifting screw 12 is tilted upward at an angle larger than that of the auger screw 11, and the conveying screws 13 are arranged substantially horizontally.
The rhizome 2b is clamped in the groove of the screw and conveyed rearward.

The auger screw 11, the lifting screw 12, and the conveying screw 13 are interlockingly connected by a universal joint, and the auger screw 11 is attached to the tip of a supporting member 56 (which constitutes a part of the machine frame 54) for supporting the lifting screw 12. The support member 56 is supported, and the tilt angle of the support member 56 can be adjusted with respect to the vehicle body so as to adjust the height of the tip end by the cylinder 14, thereby adjusting the plunging depth of the divider 6.

A power transmission section 15 is provided at the rear end of the conveying screw 13. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 7 to 10, the power transmission unit 15 conveys power from a hydraulic motor (or a motor with a speed reducer) 16 through a sprocket 18, a chain 19 and a transmission gear 20 to form a pair of left and right conveyors. It is configured to be transmitted to a gear 17 provided at the end of the screw 13.

The left and right transmission gears 20 are located on the left and right outside of the conveying screw 13, and the cut rhizome 2b and outer leaf 2c.
It secures a space to emit. The conveying screw 13
The power transmitted to is also transmitted to the lifting screw 12 and the auger screw 11 via the universal joint. A pair of left and right protective covers 21 shown in FIGS.
Covers the upper and outer sides of the left and right conveying screws 13 to prevent the worker's clothes from being caught.

An outer leaf cutting mechanism B is provided in the middle of the lifting screw 12. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the outer leaf cutting mechanism B is fixed to the left and right support members 56 and has a blade mount 57 that is inclined upwards above the lifting screw 12 and two blade mounts 57. A cutter 59 fixed via a bolt 58, a bolt hole 60 on the rear side of the cutter 59 is formed in an arc shape centering on the front bolt hole, and the cutter 59 is higher on the rear side than on the front side. And it is mounted so that the height can be adjusted.

The blade edges of the pair of left and right cutters 59 are located above the lifting screw 12, and cuts are made by cutting some of the outer leaves 2c from the lower side of the cabbage 2 which is being lifted by the lifting screw 12. Cut what can be cut and make it easier to flip if it cannot be cut. The break in this case is a straight line with two lines, but for example,
By changing the rotation speed of the left and right lifting screw 12,
If the cabbage 2 is rotated, the cutting line will be circular and the outer leaf 2c will be easily cut. Further, it is preferable that the cutting position is brought close to the vicinity of the rhizome 2b where the outer leaf 2c has little fluctuation.

An outer leaf pressing mechanism C is provided above the conveying screw 13. As shown in FIGS. 11 to 15, the outer leaf pressing mechanism C has a pair of left and right spiral pressing brushes (pressing members) 63 driven by a hydraulic motor (or electric motor) 62 supported by a machine frame 54.
The left-right pressing brush 63 has a diverging shape in plan view and is inclined downward in the carrying direction of the cabbage 2, and extends from above the starting end side of the carrying screw 13 to below the outer end thereof.

The pressing brush 63 is made of a cloth or sponge-type brush which is kind to the cabbage 2, and rotates the conveying screw 13 at substantially the same feed rate to cause the conveying screw 13 to rotate.
The top end of the bulb portion 2a of the upper cabbage 2 is in contact with the starting end side of the left and right pressing brush 63, and the contact portion is the bulb portion 2a.
The outer leaf 2c is turned to the outer side and turned outward, and is pushed downward to be inverted. The cabbage 2 exposes the proper cutting positions of the bulb portion 2a and the rhizome 2b by reversing the outer leaf 2c.

Further, since the right and left pressing brush 63 presses the bulb portion 2a inward and toward the conveying screw 13 side, it also serves to stabilize the conveying posture of the cabbage 2. 1, 2, 7, 8, and 14, the cutting portion 5 is arranged above the rear portion of the conveying screw 13, and is a pedestal 51 fixed to the machine frame 54 to separate the bulb portion 2a and the outer leaf 2c.
And the motor 6 supported by a support plate 64 fixed to the machine frame 54.
5, a support arm 66 rotatably supported concentrically with the output shaft of the motor 65, a rotary blade 53 pivotally supported on the tip side of the support arm 66 via a vertical axis, and the support arm 6
It has a rotating means 67 such as a hydraulic cylinder (or a solenoid) for rotating 6 and a rhizome section carry-in detecting means 68, and power can be transmitted from the motor 65 to the rotary blade 53 via the chain transmitting means 69. There is.

The pedestal 5 is rotated while the rotary blade 53 is being rotated by the motor 65, the support arm 66, the rotating means 67, the rhizome section carry-in detecting means 68, the chain transmitting means 69 and the like.
An operating mechanism 70 is configured to horizontally pass below the notch portion 52 with respect to the machine 1 and the machine frame 54. As shown in FIG. 7, the pedestal 51 has a sloped front portion 51b, which makes it easy to scoop up the bulb portion 2a of the cabbage 2 conveyed from the conveying screw 13. Rhizome 2b at the center in the left-right direction of portion 51b
Is formed into the notch 52, and the rhizome 2b is fitted into the notch 52 so that the ball 2a is received on the upper surface of the pedestal 51.

The rhizome-portion detecting means 68 is a rhizome portion 2b.
Is a sensor such as an optical sensor for detecting that the root portion 2b is fitted in the cutout portion 52, and when the rhizome portion detecting means 68 detects the root portion 2b, the motor 65 is operated and the rotating means 67 is operated.
Operates to rotate the support arm 66, move the rotary blade 53 in the horizontal direction so as to pass below the notch 52, and cut the rhizome 2b above the outer leaf 2c. When a worker is attached to the cutting unit 5, the motor 65 and the rotating means 67 may be operated by a foot switch.

Above the cutting portion 5, a ball head pushing mechanism D for pushing the ball head 2a is provided. 1, 2,
14 and 15, the ball head pressing mechanism D is supported by the machine frame 54, and the front and rear drive pulleys 71 and the moving pulleys 7 are provided.
A belt 74 is wound around the two and a plurality of guide pulleys 73, and the belt 74 has a ball head 2 a on the pedestal 51.
It can be pressed elastically. The belt 74 is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 5, a wide one may be formed in an arcuate cross section to reduce the surface pressure applied to the ball head 2a.

The ball head pushing mechanism D drives the belt 74 to slide the ball head 2a after cutting the rhizome 2b on the pedestal 51, and conveys it to the rear storage section 75. The ball head pressing mechanism D may not be equipped when a worker attaches to the cutting unit 5. A guide plate 76 for guiding the rhizome 2b and the outer leaf 2c to the residual storage box 23 is provided below the cutting portion 5, and the rhizome 2 after cutting is provided.
b and the outer leaf 2c are slidable.

The sorting section 7 shown in FIG. 20 has two upper and lower rotary tables 37 and 38 which are arranged laterally of the carrying section 4. The lower rotary table 38 mounts the main-sized cabbage 2 and has a large number of cabbage-mounting recesses 39 formed in the circumferential direction. The upper rotary table 37 mounts the cabbage 2 other than the main size, and the table 37 is also formed with a large number of cabbage mounting recesses.

An adjusting working unit 8 is located on the side of the cutting unit 5 and behind the sorting unit 7. The adjusting work portion 8 is formed by the rear floor of the vehicle body. A worker stands on this adjusting work unit 8, takes out the cabbage 2 carried to the storage unit 75, selects the cut cabbage 2, and puts on the rotary tables 37, 38 those that can be cut normally. Then, the rhizome 2b is cut again by the adjusting mechanism E for the one that needs to be adjusted.

The adjusting mechanism E is provided on the side of the residual storage box 23, and when the outer leaf 2c to be removed remains in the cabbage 2, it is necessary to artificially cut it.
In that case, the adjusting mechanism E cuts the rhizome 2b with the cabbage 2 by hand. The adjusting mechanism E has a structure similar to that of the cutting unit 5, and as shown in FIGS. 17 to 19, a pedestal 80 and a motor 82, which are directly fixed to the machine frame 54 or fixed via a support 81, and A support arm 83 rotatably provided concentrically with the output shaft of the motor 82, and the support arm 83.
A rotary blade 84 pivotally supported on the tip side of the shaft via a horizontal axis, a rotating means 85 such as a linear motor or a hydraulic cylinder for rotating the support arm 83, and an operation switch 86, and a belt transmission means 88. The power can be transmitted from the motor 82 to the rotary blade 84 via the.

The pedestal 80 has a notch 87 in the cabbage 2
Has a concave receiving surface 80a that is received from the lower side of the bulb portion 2a when the rhizome portion 2b of the above is entered, and the operation switch 86 can be operated by a foot or the like. The moving means 85 is activated. The operation switch 8
In place of 6, the rhizome section carrying-in detection means 68 of the cutting section 5
You may provide the same thing as.

Therefore, the operator holds the cabbage 2 by hand and places the outer leaf 2c on the outside of the pedestal 80 and the root portion 2 thereof.
When b is fitted into the notch 87 of the pedestal 80 and the operation switch 86 is turned on in that state, the motor 82 operates and the rotary blade 84 rotates, and at the same time, the rotating means 85 operates to move the rotary blade 84. Move to pass behind the notch 87,
The rhizome 2b and the outer leaf 2c left uncut by the cutting unit 5 are cut and dropped into the residual storage box 23.

In FIG. 20, reference numeral 40 is a boxing section, 41 is a boxing work table, 42 is an empty cardboard box storage area, 43 is a roller conveyor, and 44 is a discharge chute. Next, a method of harvesting and treating the cabbage 2 in the above-mentioned embodiment will be described. The cabbage 2 is dug from the field by the divider 6 of the harvesting section 3, and the rhizome 2b is removed by the auger screw 11.
It is sent to the transporting section 4 while sandwiching. In the conveying section 4, first, the lifting screw 12 receives the cabbage 2, the outer leaf cutting mechanism B cuts or cuts the outer leaf 2c, and then conveys it to the conveying screw 13.

The conveying screw 13 is positioned horizontally, on which the outer leaf 2c of the cabbage 2 is pushed down while being turned by the pair of left and right holding brushes 63 of the outer leaf holding mechanism C, and the outer leaf 2c is inverted and cut. Cradle 5 of part 5
While guiding outer leaf 2c to the lower side of 1
Receive a. At this time, the rhizome 2b is inserted into the notch 52 of the pedestal 51.

In the cutting portion 5, when the rhizome portion 2b of the cabbage 2 enters the depth of the notch portion 52 of the pedestal 51, the rhizome portion loading detecting means 68 detects it and the motor 65 of the operating mechanism 70.
And the rotating means 67 is operated to move the rotary blade 53 in the horizontal direction so as to pass below the cutout portion 52 while rotating,
The rhizome 2b is cut above the outer leaf 2c and below the cradle 51.

After cutting, the bulb portion 2a is sent to the storage portion 75 manually or by the bulb portion pushing mechanism D, and the rhizome 2
b and the outer leaf 2c are sent to the residual storage unit 23 via the guide plate 76. 23 to 25 show another example of the cutting part 5, in which a pair of left and right guide rails 24 are connected to the front and rear connecting plates 2.
To form a frame that forms a part of the machine casing 54 by connecting with 5,
A pedestal 51 is provided on the guide rail 24 via a guide roller 26 so as to be movable back and forth, a motor 65 is fixed to a rear connecting plate 25, and power is transmitted from the motor 65 to the front connecting plate 25 via a chain transmission means 69. The rotary blade 53 is rotatably supported, and the receiving base 51 is always urged forward by the pushing means 27.

The left and right guide rails 24 have U-shaped cross sections facing each other, and the guide rollers 26 of the receiving base 51 are arranged therein so as to guide them in the left and right directions and the up and down directions. A mounting cover 28 is fixed to the rear portions of the left and right guide rails 24 below the receiving table 51.
Covers the upper side of the motor 65 and the like when the vehicle is on the front side.

A pushing means 27 is provided between the receiving table 51 and the placing cover 28, and the pushing means 2 is provided.
Reference numeral 7 has a rod 29 that connects the receiving base 51 and the mounting cover 28 and is inserted into at least one of them so as to be relatively movable, and a spring 30 fitted to the rod 29. The table 51 is biased forward.

The pedestal 51 is located in the center of the left and right from the front to the rhizome 2
A notch 52 into which b can be inserted is formed, and a concave receiving surface 51a for receiving the bulb 2a with the rhizome 2b inserted into the notch 52 is formed on the upper surface of the receiving base 51. ing. In the cutting part 5, while the outer leaf 2c of the cabbage 2 conveyed by the conveying screw 13 is reversed, the rhizome 2b is introduced into the notch 52 of the receiving base 51, and the bulb portion 2a is received on the receiving surface 51a. By receiving and pushing it artificially, or by the carrying force of the carrying screw 13, it moves rearward along the guide rail 24 together with the receiving table 51,
As a result, the rhizome 2b is placed above the outer leaf 2c and the rotary blade 53
Disconnect with. The cut cabbage 2 is housed in the housing part 75 by sliding or lifting it on the cover 28 artificially.

26 to 28 show a second embodiment of the outer leaf pressing mechanism C. In the outer leaf pressing mechanism C, a pair of left and right protective covers 21 are provided with a support plate 77 and a left and right support plate 77. The upper part of the connecting rod 78 is connected by a connecting rod 78.
A left and right pressing bar (pressing member) 79 is attached via the. The left and right pressing rods 79 are inclined downward in the cabbage 2 transport direction, the middle of which is bent and the tip is substantially horizontal, and the base portion is the connecting rod 7.
8 and the set screw 90 is screwed together. An arc groove 91 centered on the connecting rod 78 is formed in the support plate 77, and a set screw 90 is inserted into the arc groove 91.

The pair of left and right pressing rods 79 are covered with a cloth or sponge type covering material which is kind to the cabbage 2.
The outer leaf 2c of the cabbage 2 which is being conveyed by the conveying screw 13 is pushed down and inverted. The pressing rod 79 has an outer leaf 2 covering the bulb portion 2a.
Since the function of flipping over c is weak, air jetting means 92 is provided above or immediately before the pressing action position to jet out compressed air to flip over the outer leaf 2c. However, the worker may manually turn it over.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, but can be variously modified. For example, the air ejecting means 92 may be used together with the pressing brush 63, or another outer leaf turning means may be provided instead of the air ejecting means 92. Further, the harvested vegetable processing device A is incorporated in a self-propelled vegetable harvesting machine, but it may be configured as a mounting type only with this, and in the case of the mounting type, the lifting screw 12 is omitted or it is horizontal. To place.

[0039]

According to the present invention described in detail above, the transport unit 4
Since the outer leaf pressing mechanism C for pushing down the outer leaf 2c by the pair of left and right holding members inclined downward in the conveying direction is provided, the outer leaf 2c of the vegetable 2 can be pushed down while being conveyed, whereby the rhizome is cut before cutting. It is possible to expose the proper cutting position of 2b, and it is possible to easily cut the rhizome 2b.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional side view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the same.

FIG. 3 is a side view of a harvester, a conveyor, and an outer leaf cutting mechanism.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of the same.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of an outer leaf cutting mechanism.

FIG. 6 is a side view of the outer leaf cutting mechanism.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional side view of a transport unit and a cutting unit.

8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX of FIG.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional side view of the power transmission unit of the conveying screw.

FIG. 10 is a front view of a power transmission unit of a conveying screw.

FIG. 11 is a side view of the outer leaf pressing mechanism.

FIG. 12 is a plan view of an outer leaf pressing mechanism.

FIG. 13 is a sectional front view of an outer leaf pressing mechanism.

FIG. 14 is a plan view of a cutting part.

FIG. 15 is a sectional front view of a cutting portion and a ball head pushing mechanism.

FIG. 16 is a sectional front view showing a modified example of the belt of the ball head pressing mechanism.

FIG. 17 is a sectional front view of the adjusting mechanism.

FIG. 18 is a sectional side view of the adjusting mechanism.

FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional plan view of the adjusting mechanism.

FIG. 20 is an overall perspective view of a harvested vegetable processing device.

FIG. 21 is a schematic plan view of the entire harvested vegetable processing device.

FIG. 22 is a schematic side view of the entire harvested vegetable processing device.

FIG. 23 is a sectional side view showing another example of the cutting portion.

FIG. 24 is a plan view showing another example of the cutting unit.

FIG. 25 is a sectional front view showing another example of the cutting portion.

FIG. 26 is a side view showing a second embodiment of the outer leaf pressing mechanism.

FIG. 27 is a sectional front view showing a second embodiment of the outer leaf pressing mechanism.

FIG. 28 is a plan view showing a second embodiment of the outer leaf pressing mechanism.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Vehicle 2 Cabbage (vegetable) 2a Heading part 2b Rhizome 2c Outer leaf 3 Harvesting part 4 Conveying part 5 Cutting part 63 Holding brush (pressing member) A Harvested vegetable processing device B Outer leaf cutting mechanism C Outer leaf pressing mechanism

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A pair of left and right inclined downwards in a conveying direction to a conveying section (4) for conveying a vegetable (2) having a head portion (2a), a rhizome (2b) and an outer leaf (2c) harvested from a field. The harvested vegetable processing apparatus, which is provided with an outer leaf pressing mechanism (C) for pressing down the outer leaf (2c) with a pressing member.