JPH06316998A - Tile having reflecting surface forming light and shade effect - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To produce light or shade effect on a tile with variations according to a position in looking at the tile and to enable a complicated effect of light and shade by forming light and shade places on the tile through the difference in reflection of light, and enabling the use of the light and shade tiles also in horizontal or vertical planes. CONSTITUTION:An incline 2 having an angle (a) of 5 deg.-45 deg. to the surface at a pitch (e) 0.3-5cm is provided on the surface 3 of a tile, and a light reflecting surface 2 having a row of parallel and belt-shaped projections 1 with the height (h) of the summit 0.3-5cm is formed. At that time, a way of tile setting is changed to have a different direction in reflected light of incident light from a constant direction, and light and dark views are formed on the tile. According to the constitution, light and shade occurring by difference in reflection are formed on the surface 3 of the title, structural patterns turning light or shade can be made in accordance with variations in a position to look at the tile.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tile for expressing a light and dark structural pattern on a structure.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In general, tiles for construction are mainly made of a flat surface, but with the idea that only a monotonous surface can be constructed with this, unevenness imitating a stone or rock surface was created on the surface. Various types of tiles are used, such as stone tiles, rock tiles, cloth tiles simulating the skin of woven fabrics, and tapestry tiles with many vertical lines.

[0003]

However, although tiles are originally used for buildings and there is a strong demand for the appearance of structural patterns, there is still no one that fully satisfies such demands. It's a reality. As a result of various studies, the present inventors have concluded that it is difficult to satisfy the above requirements for tiles by simply pursuing colors, shapes, etc. The present invention has been completed by successfully providing the tile with a structure in which the reflection of light from the tile disappears depending on the viewing angle.

[0004]

According to the present invention, the tile has a pitch of 0.3 cm to 5 cm, an inclined surface of 5 degrees to 45 degrees, and an apex height of 0.1 cm to 0.5 cm. A tile that has a light-reflecting surface formed by arranging certain parallel strips in a row. By changing the way this tile is set, the direction of the reflected light of the light incident from a certain direction is different and the part where the light enters the eye By creating a part that is completely dark without seeing the eyes, a structural pattern due to the light and darkness caused by the difference in reflection appears on the surface where the tiles are attached to one surface.

[0005]

The operation of the tile of the present invention will be explained as to why a light and dark structural pattern appears. As a basic example, a case will be described in which one of two tiles having a large number of slopes with a small angle a provided in parallel on the surface is set in the opposite direction to the other one. As shown in Fig. 1, the angle of the slope is (180 °-
a). The difference in the direction of the reflected light when the two tiles are exposed to the light of the angle b from the same direction will be described with reference to FIG.

AMO is a slope with an angle a, and A'NO is a slope with an angle (180 ° -a). A straight line XO coming from the same direction in both directions and rays m and nN forming an angle b are M points, respectively. When the light hits the N point and is reflected in the directions of Mm 'and Nn', it is reflected at the same angle as the incident angles c and d, respectively, according to the law of light.

Here, the angle difference between the reflected lights Mm 'and Nn' is calculated. (1) ∠Xm ″ m ′ = a + (180 ° −90 ° −c)
Is. On the other hand, b = a + (180 ° -90 ° + c). When c is calculated from these two equations, c = b−a−90 °
Becomes Therefore, ∠Xm ″ m ′ = a + 90 ° + ab−9
0 ° = 180 ° + 2a-b

(2) ∠Xn ″ n ′ = 90 ° −d−a, while 180 ° −b = 90 ° −d + a.
When d is calculated from these two equations, d = (a + b) −90 °. Therefore, ∠Xn ″ n ′ = 90 ° − (a + b) +90
° -a = 180 ° -2a-b

(3) Therefore, the difference in the angle of the reflected light is given by the following equation. ∠Xm ″ m′−∠Xn ″ n ′ = 2a−b + 2a + b = 4
a, that is, four times the angle a of the slope. In other words, it is irrelevant to the incident angle b of light.

This will be explained empirically and its effect will be explained. Even if the light source is near, the distance is very large compared to the size of the small slope on the surface of the tile, so it can be considered that parallel rays are incident. At this time, if it is assumed that the angle a of the slope is 10 °, the angle difference of the reflected light is 40 °, which is four times as large as that of the other.
This makes it impossible for both reflected lights to enter the eye at the same time when the height of our eyes is adjusted by changing the posture. Therefore, when the tiles are set in the opposite direction, if one is reflected, the other becomes backlit and the light and dark can be sharpened.
This property does not change when the height of the light source changes slightly.

The difference between the above-mentioned brightness and darkness is the same whether it is used as a so-called floor tile in which a tile is set on the floor or not, whether it is a so-called indoor wall tile set on a vertical surface or an outdoor exterior tile. The invention of the present application has been completed based on this novel finding that had never been known before this application, and is one of the features of the invention.

Next, regarding the limit of the angle a, when the angle is larger, 4a becomes 180 ° when it is 45 °, and the reflection surface is provided in the opposite direction so that the light reflected from the tile is in the parallel opposite direction and the eye height is changed. I can't see it. That is, when the angle is 45 ° or more, the tile on the reflecting surface in the opposite direction becomes dark regardless of the distance between the eye and the tile. Considering the smaller one of the limits of the angle a, when the angle a is, for example, 3 °, 4a is 12 °, which is approximately 0.2 when 12 ° is expressed in radian. That is, if a distance of 5 m is left, the height difference becomes 5 m × 0.2 = 1 m, and if the height of the eyes is changed by 1 m, if one tile is bright, the one set in the other direction will also be bright and sit down. If people stand, the light and dark will change.

However, if there is a distance of 10 m, the difference in height is 2
It becomes m and the light and darkness does not change depending on the posture of the person. That is, the angle a
In the case of a small angle of 3 °, lightness and darkness are interesting at a very close distance within about 5 m due to changes in the height of human eyes. To do.

As described above, when the reflected light does not enter the eyes due to the distance between the eyes and the tile, the tile surface becomes dark. In this case, all the reflecting surfaces of one tile in the same direction are dark. However, if the angle is small, the reflection effect is small. Therefore, it is preferably 3 ° or more.

The height of the protrusion is preferably 0.5 cm or less.
For the floor, one with a lower protrusion is used,
High protrusions can be used on the wall. However, if the protrusion is 0.5 cm or more, the thickness of the tile becomes large and the weight becomes large, and there is a risk of peeling and falling.

Empirically, the pitch of the protrusions, that is, the distance from the apex to the apex is preferably 0.3 cm to 5 cm. To produce a clear contrast, a pitch that is too small or too large does not give good results. By changing the pitch of the protrusions, changing the inclination angle of the reflection surface, or providing a flat surface between the protrusions and the row of protrusions, changing the light reflection conditions of the tiles partially changes the brightness and darkness. A bright and dark pattern is formed. The present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings.

[0017]

EXAMPLE Since FIG. 1 is detailed, it is omitted. FIG. 2 shows a case in which the height h of the protrusions 1, the pitch e, and therefore the angle a formed by the slope 2 and the tile surface 3 are not uniform, and the structure of light and dark is not a fixed law but is a general wide range reflection. (A) of the tile having a face is a plan view, and (B) is a cross-sectional view.
Here, h = 0.1 cm to 0.5 cm, e = 0.3 cm
-5 cm, a = 5 ° to 45 °. In FIG. 3, the pitch of the protrusions 1 is e ₁ , but the height is not the same as h ₁ , h _{2 and the} like. Therefore, the angle a formed by the slope 2 and the tile surface 3
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a tile having reflective surfaces that are not identical.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a tile in which the height h1 of the protrusions 1 is uniform and the pitch e is not constant, and therefore the angle a formed by the slope 2 and the tile surface 3 is not uniform. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a tile in which any one of the longer slopes 2 of the protrusion 1 is on the left side, for example. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a tile in which the long slopes 2 of the protrusions 1 are on the left side and the right side. Figure 7
Is a plan view and (b) is a cross-sectional view of a tile in which all the protrusions 1 are parallel to one side 6 of the tile. 8A is a plan view and FIG. 8B is a cross-sectional view of a tile in which the protrusion 1 is not parallel to one side 6 of the tile. 9A is a plan view and FIG. 9B is a cross-sectional view of a tile in which the protrusion 1 is curved. FIG. 10 is a plan view of a tile (a) in which the projection 1 is discontinuous due to the cutout of 4, for example.
(B) is a horizontal sectional view and (C) is a vertical sectional view. 11A is a plan view and FIG. 11B is a cross-sectional view of a tile in which the planar portions 5 are provided between the rows of the protrusions 1. 12A is a plan view and FIG. 12B is a cross-sectional view of a tile in which the cross section of the protrusion 1 is composed of two isosceles two slopes of an isosceles triangle.

[0018]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION The tile of the present invention has the effect of expressing structural lightness and darkness on the surface on which it has been applied, and has a new effect in which the lightness and darkness can be reversed, which was unpredictable in the past. It can be used not only on a flat surface but also on a vertical surface, producing a complex light-dark effect.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the principle of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing protrusions on a tile surface that form light and dark.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing protrusions on a tile surface that make up the brightness.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing protrusions on a tile surface that form light and dark.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing protrusions on a tile surface that form light and dark.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing protrusions on a tile surface that form light and dark.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing protrusions on a tile surface that form light and dark.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing the protrusions on the tile surface that make up the brightness.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing protrusions on a tile surface that form light and dark.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing the protrusions on the tile surface that make up the brightness.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing the protrusions on the tile surface that make up the brightness.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing the protrusions on the tile surface that make up the brightness.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Protrusion 2 Reflective Surface 3 Tile Surface 4 Notch Part 5 Plane Part 6 One Side of Tile h ₁ and h ₂ Different Heights of Protrusions e ₁ and e ₂ Different Pitches of Protrusions

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ───

[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] July 31, 1991

[Procedure Amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0004

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[0004]

According to the present invention, the tile has a pitch of 0.3 cm to 5 cm, an inclined surface of 5 degrees to 45 degrees, and an apex height of 0.1 cm to 0.5 cm. A tile that has a light-reflecting surface formed by arranging certain parallel strips in a row. By changing the way this tile is set, the direction of the reflected light of the light incident from a certain direction is different and the part where the light enters the eye By creating a part that becomes completely dark without seeing, a light and darkness is created on the surface with tiles on one side due to the difference in reflection, and the light and darkness is reversed according to the change in the viewing position.
It reveals a rolling structural pattern.

[Procedure Amendment 2]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Name of item to be corrected] 0005

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[0005]

The function of the tile of the present invention will be explained as to why a structural pattern in which light and dark are inverted is revealed. As a basic example, two slopes with a small angle a are provided in parallel on the surface.
A case where one of the tiles is set in the opposite direction to the other tile will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, the angle of the slope is (1
That is, 80 ° -a). The difference in the direction of the reflected light when the two tiles are exposed to the light of the angle b from the same direction will be described with reference to FIG.

[Procedure 3]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0016

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

Empirically, the pitch of the protrusions, that is, the distance from the apex to the apex is preferably 0.3 cm to 5 cm. To produce a clear contrast, a pitch that is too small or too large does not give good results. The present invention is a protrusion
The pitch is uniform, but a long inclined surface with a large reflection effect
The direction of light reflection is changed so that the light reflection conditions are not the same.
If the direction of the long inclined surface changes and the same reflecting surface is bright,
The reflecting surface in a different direction becomes dark, and when the viewing position changes, it becomes bright and dark
Will change. Changing the inclination angle of the reflecting surface, whereupon may be provided a flat portion between the protrusions and the protruding ribs, dark when the reflecting condition of the tile of the optical partially changing complicated brightness pattern changes to partially is formed. The present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings.

[Procedure amendment 4]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0017

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[0017]

[Example] FIG. 1 is omitted since more predicates. Although the protrusions 1 have a uniform pitch e ₁ in FIG. 2 , their heights are not the same as h ₁ , h _{2 and the} like. Therefore, it is a cross-sectional view of a tile having a reflecting surface whose angle a formed by the slope 2 and the tile surface 3 is not the same.

[Procedure Amendment 5]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Name of item to be corrected] Brief description of the drawing

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the principle of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing protrusions on a tile surface that make up light and dark.
Is.

[Explanation of reference signs] 1 protrusion 2 reflective surface 3 tile surface 4 cutout portion 5 flat surface portion 6 side of tile h ₁ and h ₂ different heights of protrusions e ₁ and pitch of protrusions

[Procedure correction 6]

[Document name to be corrected] Drawing

[Correction target item name] All drawings

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[Figure 1]

[Fig. 2]

Claims (13)

[Claims] 1. A pitch of 0.3 cm to 5 on the surface of the tile.
cm, the surface has an inclined surface with an angle of 5 degrees to 45 degrees, the height of the apex is 0.1 cm to 0.5 cm, the pitch is uniform, and the directions of the long inclined surfaces are not the same. A tile that forms a light and dark place due to the difference in light reflection on the tile-covered surface, which has a reflective surface that reflects light in a certain direction by arranging strip-shaped projections of. 2. The height of the apexes of the protrusions is uniform.
The tiles that form the light and dark areas described in. 3. The height of the protrusions is not uniform.
Or the tile that forms the light and dark areas described in 2. 4. The tile for forming a bright place and a dark place according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the protrusion is a strip-shaped protrusion having two slopes and a triangular cross section. 5. The tile forming a light place and a dark place according to claim 1, wherein the protrusion is parallel to one side of the tile. 6. The tile forming a light place and a dark place according to claim 1, wherein the protrusions are not parallel to the sides of the tile. 7. The projection is a linear strip projection.
A tile forming a bright place and a dark place according to any one of 1 to 6. 8. The projection is a curved strip projection.
A tile forming a bright place and a dark place according to any one of 1 to 7. 9. The tile forming a light place and a dark place according to claim 1, wherein the protrusions are continuous. 10. The tile forming a light place and a dark place according to claim 1, wherein the protrusions are discontinuous. 11. The tile for forming a light place and a dark place according to claim 1, wherein a flat portion is provided between the projections and the row of the projections. 12. The tile forming a light place and a dark place according to claim 1, wherein the projection has two slopes each having an isosceles triangular cross section. 13. The tile forming a light place and a dark place according to claim 1, wherein the projection has two slopes whose cross section is an isosceles triangle.