JPH06315844A - Main spindle head device for machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To quickly and readily exchange a cutting tool provided on a main spindle head in an open space. CONSTITUTION:A main spindle head A provided with a cutting tool 10 at the lower end is liftably arranged on a Z-axis rail 5. A lift driving means B is provided on the main spindle head A, and the cutting tool 10 is moved and controlled to the retreat position above and the cutting position below. A brush body C lifted or lowered by the guide of a lift rod 17 is provided at the lower section of the main spindle head A. The brush body C is set to the upper position by a shrinking spring 21. When the main spindle head A is located at the retreat position, the brush body C is separated from the main spindle head A, and it releases the side space of the cutting tool 10. When the main spindle head A is lowered to the cutting position, the brush body C is brought into contact with the main spindle head A to surround the cutting tool 10.

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a spindle head device for a machine tool which allows easy tool exchange. An NC router (computer-controlled woodworking milling machine) has been conventionally known as a processing machine for cutting wood-based materials, plastic-based materials and the like. The spindle head in this type of processing machine is fixedly provided with a brush body (dust collecting cover) that covers the outer periphery of the cutting tool,
It is designed to prevent chips from scattering around. Further, a vacuum means is connected to the inside of the brush body through the inner space of the spindle head, so that chips can be efficiently removed. The above-mentioned brush body is indispensable for ensuring a healthy working environment, but since it surrounds the cutting tool, it interferes with its replacement, and it is necessary to replace it every time. There was a problem that it had to be removed. In addition, when the cutting tool is automatically replaced, the movement of the replacement arm in the ATC device becomes complicated in order to avoid interference with the brush body, which causes a problem that the entire device becomes large and complicated. It was The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art. When the spindle head is in the retracted position, the side space of the cutting tool is opened, which facilitates tool exchange. The present invention is intended to provide a spindle head device for a machine tool that can be used. In order to achieve the above object, the spindle head device according to the present invention is as follows. That is, the gist thereof is that a spindle head provided with a cutting tool and a brush body are separately configured up and down, and are arranged so that they can be individually moved up and down. Elevating drive means for controlling movement to the retracted position and the cutting position below is provided, and on the other hand, on the brush body side, there is provided an operating means for responding to the position of the spindle head and for moving closer to and away from the spindle head. . When the spindle head is moved to the upper retracted position by the lifting drive means, the actuating means separates the brush body in the lower position from the spindle head. Since there is a difference in the height direction between the retracted position of the spindle head and the set position of the brush body,
The cutting tool at the lower end of the head opens to the periphery. Therefore, the tool can be easily changed in this lateral space. On the other hand, when the spindle head is moved to the lower cutting position, the operating means brings the brush body closer to the spindle head. By this approaching motion, the periphery of the cutting tool is covered with the brush body, so that the cutting process can be smoothly performed in a healthy state. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A spindle head device according to the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to an embodiment. FIG. 1 is a front view thereof. FIG. 2 is a side view thereof. 1 is an X-axis rail provided on a beam 2; 3 is an X-axis moving base provided on the X-axis rail 1 for lateral movement; The column-shaped support 5 provided on the front side of 3 is the Z-axis rail 6 provided on the support 4
The Z-axis moving base is provided on the axis rail 5 so as to be able to move up and down. Reference numeral A denotes a spindle head provided on the Z-axis moving base 6, a housing 7 containing a motor (not shown), a rotatable spindle 8, and a chuck 9 at the lower end of the spindle 8.
It is configured by the cutting tool 10 attached via. 1
Reference numeral 1 denotes a dust collecting duct connected to the upper end of the housing 7 and communicates with a peripheral portion of the cutting tool 10 through a hollow portion (not shown) in the housing 7. A dust collecting hose 12 is connected to a vacuum means (not shown). Reference numeral B denotes a lifting drive means for controlling the spindle head A. The servo motor 13 is attached to the upper end of the support 4, the downward feed screw shaft 14 driven by the servo motor 13,
It is configured by the passive nut 15 of the Z-axis moving base 6 screwed to the feed screw shaft 14. The spindle head A is moved up and down by a lifting drive means B between a lower cutting position and a retracted position at the upper end. Note that FIG. 1 shows a state in which the spindle head A is set to the retracted position. Reference numeral 16 denotes a bearing cylinder fixedly provided on the lower side of the support body 4. Reference numeral 17 denotes a lifting rod slidably provided on the bearing cylinder 16, and an annular brush body C is provided at the lower end. The brush body C is composed of an upper cylinder body 18 and a lower cylindrical brush 19. 20 is a seat provided on the upper end of the lifting rod 17.
Reference numeral 21 denotes a contraction spring arranged between the seat 20 and the upper end of the bearing tube 16, and biases the brush C in the upward direction. The cylindrical body 18 is formed in a shape that fits the outer periphery of the housing 7 of the spindle head A and is smoothly fitted therein. 22 is a lifting rod 17
An abutment piece fixedly provided on the lower part of the abutment abuts on the lower end of the bearing cylinder 16 to regulate the upper limit of the brush C. The abutting piece 22 constitutes a stopper means, and FIG. 1 shows a state where the brush body C is set at the regulation position. An abutting piece 24 attached to the side surface of the housing 7 so that the abutting position can be adjusted up and down is a receiving piece provided on the cylindrical body 18 as an ascending and descending path of the abutting piece 23. In addition, W indicates a plate-like work mounted on the table 25. The structure of the spindle head device according to the embodiment is as described above, and when the spindle head A is in the retracted position as shown in FIG. 1, the spindle head A and the brush body C are separated from each other, and There is a difference in the direction. Due to this difference, the lateral spaces of the chuck 9 and the cutting tool 10 are opened.
Therefore, if the tool is changed in this space, the work can be smoothly performed without being disturbed by the brush body C. When the spindle head A is moved downward to cut the work W, the housing 7 is fitted into the cylindrical body 18, and then the abutting piece 23 abuts on the receiving piece 24 so as to resist the compression spring 21. Then, the brush body C is lowered. At the above-mentioned contact position, the periphery of the cutting tool 10 is surrounded by the brush body C. Then, the cutting tool 10 reaches the cutting position in a state where the periphery thereof is covered, and processes the work W there. (Refer to FIG. 3) After the processing is completed, the operation is performed in the reverse order of the above. That is, when the spindle head A is moved upward, the compression spring 21 raises the brush body C. The operation of the brush body C is stopped at the working position of the stopper means. On the other hand, the spindle head A rises to the retracted position at the upper end, separates from the brush body C, and stops. In the above-mentioned one embodiment, the explanation has been made on the assumption that the tools are replaced artificially, but even when the tools are automatically replaced, the work can be performed quickly and easily with a simple movement. It can be carried out. An embodiment incorporating this automatic tool changer is shown in phantom in FIG. That is, E is an automatic tool changer (ATC
The whole device is shown, and 30 is a swivel tool magazine
31 rotates the tool magazine 30 to select the tool position,
An actuator 32 that gives a required operation for raising and lowering and chucking is a cylinder that moves the tool magazine 30 to a tool exchange position. In one embodiment, the retractable spring 21, the contact piece 22, the abutting piece 23, and the receiving piece 24 are used to constitute the contacting / separating operation means for the spindle head A and the brush C. This can be constructed by a single cylinder. That is, the pneumatic cylinder is fixed downward on the spindle head A side, and the brush body C is attached to the end of the piston rod. When the spindle head A is in the retracted position, the piston rod is extended and the brush body C is separated, and when the spindle head A is in the cutting position, the piston rod is contracted. It operates so that the brush body C approaches. This embodiment requires an electrical control circuit to operate the pneumatic cylinder. As described above, according to the spindle head device of the present invention, when the spindle head is in the retracted position, the brush body is separated downward to open the side space of the cutting tool. Is. Therefore, the excellent effect that the tool can be changed quickly and easily without being obstructed by the brush body is exerted.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of a spindle head device for a machine tool according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a side view of the same. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing an operating state. [Explanation of Codes] 4 Support 5 Z Axis Rail A Spindle Head 10 Cutting Tool B Elevating Drive Means 16 Bearing Cylinder 17 Elevating Rod C Brush 18 Cylinder 21 Compressed Spring 22 Abutment Piece 23 Abutment Piece 24 Receiving Piece E Automatic tool changer 30 Tool magazine

Claims (1)

What is claimed is: 1. A cutting device for performing a cutting process in a state where an outer peripheral portion of a cutting tool is covered with a brush body, wherein a spindle head provided with the cutting tool and a brush body are vertically separated from each other, and The main spindle head is provided with an elevating drive means for controlling movement of the main spindle head to an upper retracted position and a lower cutting position, while the brush head is moved in response to the position of the main spindle head. A spindle head device for a machine tool, characterized in that an actuating means for actuating and separating a distance from the spindle head is provided.