JPH0631510B2 - Ladder equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention relates to a ladder device for elevating from a living room to an attic, a basement, or the like, and is intended for a ladder device that can be stored in an elevating port.

[Conventional technology]

The basic form of a conventional ladder device of this type is known, for example, from Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 58-16300. There, a ladder and a ceiling cover that expand and contract vertically are supported by a balance spring for weight balance, and a hoisting mechanism is provided between the bracket that supports the ladder and the lower ladder. The hoisting mechanism has a winding cylinder that is rotationally biased by a torsion coil spring and a wire that is unwound from the winding cylinder.The winding cylinder and the torsion coil spring are provided on the lower ladder, and the unwinding end of the wire is fixed to the bracket. There is.

Another Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 61-124600 discloses a ladder device in which an escape ladder provided on the floor is used to store a blame ladder and the escape ladder is extended in synchronization with the opening operation of a lid that covers the escape exit. It is disclosed. There, a rack is provided on the inner surface of the outlet, and the wire drum is rotatably driven by the rotational power of a pinion that rolls on the rack to wind or unwind a wire whose one end is fixed to a ladder. The piraon is connected to the lid through an arm, and can be rolled on the rack when the lid is opened and operated.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

In the former ladder device, when the ladder is taken in and out, it is necessary to separately perform the expansion and contraction operation of the ladder and the opening and closing operation of the ladder and the ceiling lid, which is a troublesome operation. There is also a disadvantage that you cannot access the ladder from the upper floor side.

In this respect, since the latter ladder device can extend the evacuation ladder in conjunction with the opening operation of the lid, the ladder can be easily put in and taken out. However, since the pin lid is connected to the arm lid that bends in a V shape in the stored state, the pinion cannot be rolled until the arm extends linearly, and the opening / closing operation of the lid is effectively used. Can not. The winding drum accompanies the pinion and pays out the wire while moving in the wire payout direction. Moreover, the winding drum starts to be fed and rotated after the lid body is opened to more than half of its opening stroke as described above. This means that the ladder suddenly drops and extends, which is a safety issue. When the lid is open, the arm stands up almost vertically, so it is impossible to store the ladder from the downstairs side, and there is a problem when the ladder device is installed between the living room and the attic, for example. .

The present invention relates to the retractable ladder device as described above,
The main purpose is to allow the ladder to be loaded and unloaded from either the top or bottom of the elevator door.

Another object of the present invention is to improve the operability of the ladder device by enabling the ladder to be switched between the storage posture and the use posture in association with the opening and closing of the lid plate.

[Means for solving problems]

The ladder device of the present invention includes a plurality of retractable ladder bodies 13A.
-One end of the ladder 13 composed of 13B and one end of the lid plate 11 that opens and closes the elevating port 2 are supported by the elevating port 2 so as to be vertically swingable, and the upper ladder body 13A and the lid plate 11 Is connected by a link rod 21 to form a parallel link mechanism 12. The ladder 13 and the lid plate 11 are supported at one end by a balance spring 43 for weight balance attached to the elevating port 2. That the hoisting mechanism 14 for hoisting the lower ladder body 13B via the wire 26 is provided between the elevating port 2 and the ladder 13. The hoisting mechanism 14 is the upper portion of the upper ladder body 13A. A gear frame 27 fixed to the gear frame 27, a rack plate 28 fixed to the elevating port 2 adjacent to the gear frame 27, a wire reel 25 rotatably supported by the gear frame 27 via a reel shaft 35, and a wire reel. And a wire 26 for connecting the lower ladder body 13B, and an arc rack 30 concentric with the swing center shaft 22 of the upper ladder body 13A is formed on the plate surface of the rack plate 28. A pinion 31 that meshes with the rack 30 and a gear group 32 that accelerates and transmits the rotational power of the pinion 31 to a reel shaft 35 are axially supported by the gear frame 27. In the state where the swing arm 47 is closed at 11, the swing arm 47 projecting upward from the elevating port 2 has the upper ladder body 13
It is characterized in that it is fixed to A and that a connecting hole 49 into which the operating rod 50 is inserted and engaged is provided on the upper part of the swing arm 47.

[Action]

The lid plate 11 and the upper ladder body 13A are connected by a link rod 21, and when the lid plate 11 is opened and operated, the ladder 13 is accompanied and swings. With the swing of the ladder 13, the pinion 31 meshes with the rack 30 to generate a rotational force, and this power is transmitted to the wire reel 25 via the gear group 32. That is, when the lid plate 11 is opened and operated, the wire reel 2
5 is rotationally driven to feed out the wire 26, and the lower ladder body 13B is extended.

At this time, the gear group 32 transmits the rotational force of the pinion 31 to the reel shaft 35 in an accelerated state, so that even when the ladder 13 and the cover plate 11 are suddenly opened, their descending swing speed is reduced. , Slowly extend the lower ladder 13B.

A swing arm 47 projecting above the elevating port 2 is provided above the upper ladder body 13A, and the operating rod 5 is attached to this arm 47.
Since 0 is connected so that the ladder 13 and the lid plate 11 can be rocked from the upper floor side, the ladder 13 can be taken in and out from either the upper floor side or the lower floor side.

〔The invention's effect〕

In the present invention, the swinging motion of the ladder 13 and the lid plate 11 is used to generate a rotational force by the arc-shaped rack 30 provided on the elevator door 2 side and the pinion 31 provided on the ladder 13 side.
This rotation force drives the wire reel 25 to rotate to drive the wire 2
6 is put in and taken out so that the lower ladder body 13B can be extended by interlocking with the vertical swing motion of the ladder 13 and the lid plate 11. Therefore, the lid plate 11 is opened and closed from the lower floor side, and the swing arm 47 provided on the upper ladder body 13A is rockably operated from the upper floor side by the operation rod 50, and the ladder 13 is operated from any side. You can take it in and out.

Since the ladder 13 can be extended or stored simply by swinging the ladder 13 or the lid plate 11 up and down, the ladder 13 can be taken in and out with less labor, and the operability can be improved as compared with the conventional example.

Since the ladder 13 and the cover plate 11 are supported by the balance spring 43, and the gear group 32 is further provided between the pinion 31 and the reel shaft 35, the ladder 13 and the cover plate 11 are prevented from suddenly swinging up and down. It is possible to prevent the ladder 13 from suddenly dropping and extending, or colliding with the elevating port 2 during storage, so that safety can be improved. In particular, when the ladder 13 is put in and taken out from the upper floor, it is possible to surely prevent the user from losing the balance and falling due to the force of the sudden drop extension of the ladder 13.

The rack 30 that meshes with the pinion 31 is provided in an arc shape, and the rotation speed of the pinion 31 is further increased by the gear group 32 to reduce the total length of the rack 30 required for winding the wire 26. Therefore, the winding mechanism 14 is configured compactly. it can.

〔Example〕

 1 to 5 show an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1, the ladder device of the present invention includes a lid plate 11 that opens and closes an opening lower surface of an elevating port 2 that is opened in a ceiling wall 1, and a lid plate 11
A ladder 13 supported by a parallel link mechanism 12 on the
It is composed of a hoisting mechanism 14 for raising and lowering the ladder 13.

One end of the cover plate 11 is swingably and vertically supported via a hinge 15, and a latch 16 provided at the center of the plate surface at the swinging tip covers the lift port 2 and locks it in a closed position. it can. The latch 16 can be unlocked from either the upper or lower surface of the cover plate 11.

The ladder 13 includes an upper ladder body 13A and a lower ladder body 13
It consists of two members, B. Both ladder bodies 13A and 13B are
Treads 19, 19 are fixed between the left and right side frames 18, 18 at appropriate intervals. In the extended state of FIG. 1, both lower end sides of the upper ladder body 13A and the lower ladder body 13A.
The holding metal fittings 20 and 20 are fixed to both upper ends of B, respectively, and each holding metal fitting 20 and 20 holds the projecting piece of the other side frame 18 and 18 as shown in FIG. The ladder body 13B is vertically slidable along the upper surface of the upper ladder body 13A. The holding metal fittings 20 and 20 also serve as stoppers that define the maximum extension dimension.

The upper ladder body 13A is supported by the parallel link mechanism 12 on the lid plate 11 in a floating manner. The left and right side frames 18 of the upper ladder body 13A and the lid plate 11 are connected to each other by a pair of left and right link bars 21.
The upper and lower connecting shafts are connected to each other at the center position, and the hinge 22 of the cover plate 11 and the shaft 22 which is the swing center of the upper ladder body 13A.
The parallel link mechanism 12 is configured by setting the position parallel to the center position of 5. That is, the shaft 22 is the bracket 2
Since the lid plate 11 is supported by the inner wall of the elevating port 2 via the hinge 3 and the lid plate 11 is supported by the inner wall of the hinge 15 via the hinge 15,
The inner wall of is regarded as one fixed link rod.

2 and 3, the hoisting mechanism 14 is equipped with a wire reel 25. The reel 25 is rotationally driven in both forward and reverse directions to reel out or wind up the wire 26 so that the lower ladder body 13B is lifted and lowered. To do. Wire 2
The feeding end of 6 is fixed to the holding metal fitting 20 of the lower ladder body 13B. In FIG. 2, the side frame 1 of the upper ladder body 13A
On the outer surface of 8, a gear frame 27 made of two plate members arranged facing each other is fixed, and a rack plate 28 is arranged in parallel with the outer surface of the frame 27 and fixed to the inner wall of the elevating port 2.
As shown in FIG. 3, an arcuate window 29 concentric with the shaft 22 supporting the upper ladder body 13A is provided on the side surface of the rack plate 28, and the rack 30 is provided along the upper edge of the window 29. It is formed in an arc shape.

Pinion 31 and pinion 3 that mesh with rack 30
A gear group 32 that transmits the rotational force of 1 to the wire reel 25 is supported by the frame 27. Specifically, the pinion shaft 34, the reel shaft 35, and the intermediate shaft 36 are rotatably supported by the gear frame 27, and the first gear 37 and the second gear 38 are attached to the shafts 34, 35, and 36, respectively, as shown in FIG. , The third gear 39, and the fourth gear 40 are fixed, and the rotational force of the pinion 31 is transmitted to the wire reel 25 while being accelerated for each axis. Rack 3 as shown in FIG.
The start end of meshing with the pinion 31 of 0 is set so as to be a position about 14 degrees open and closed from the position where the cover plate 11 is completely closed. In addition, short stop rack teeth 41 are formed linearly near the end of the lower lid of the window 29 in order to perform braking when the lid plate 11 is closed.

A balance spring 43 for weight balance is provided between the link rod 21 and the elevating port 2. The balance spring 43 in the figure is composed of a pair of left and right tension coil springs, the lower end of which is hooked on the link rod 21 via turnbuckles 44, and the upper end of which is fixed to the lift port 2 and a rack plate 28 and a spring bracket. It is hanging on each 45. The tension of the balance spring 43 is at the position where the rack 30 and the pinion 31 start to mesh with each other, and the cover plate 1
Set to balance with the weight of 1 and ladder 13.

An operation member 46 for allowing the ladder 13 to be lifted and lowered from the upper floor side is mounted near the upper end of the side frame 18 of the upper ladder 13A. In FIG. 5, the operating member 46 is a bracket 22 that connects the shaft 22 and the upper ladder body 13A.
Swing arm 4 fixed to the side surface of the side frame 18 together with a
7 and a socket fitting 48 fixed to the upper end of the plate surface of the arm 47, with the lid plate 11 closed,
The swing arm 47 projects above the lifting / lowering opening 2. The socket 48 has a connecting hole 49 into which the operating rod 50 is inserted.
・ 49 are provided in two steps, and the central axes of the holes 49 are different by 14 degrees. This is because when the ladder 13 is stored from the upper floor side, the ladder 13 and the lid plate 11 are swung to the balance point of the balance spring 43, and the operation rod 50 is replaced to move the lid plate 11 to the closed position in a comfortable posture. It is intended to be operable.

According to the ladder device configured as described above, when the lid plate 11 is opened and closed, the pinion 31 swings along with the ladder 13 and meshes with the rack 30, and the rotational force of the pinion 31 causes the wire reel 25 to pass through the gear group 32. Then, the lower ladder body 13B can be lifted and lowered through the wire 26 by being rotationally driven in either forward or reverse directions. Even when the upper ladder body 13A is rocked up and down via the operating member 46, the lower ladder body 13B ascends and descends in conjunction with the opening and closing of the lid plate 11 in the same manner as described above, so that the ladder 13 can be easily moved from the upper floor. Can be raised and lowered.

At the same time when the latch 16 is unlocked, the lid plate 11
Although the ladder 13 and the ladder 13 hang down by its own weight and try to oscillate, the tension of the balance spring 43 and the weight balance when it is opened from the closed position (state of the imaginary line in FIG. 1) to around 14 degrees. Even if the plate 11 is not supported at all, its position (only the outline is shown in FIG. 1 by solid lines)
To maintain. When the lid plate 11 is pulled down from this state, the pinion 31 meshes with the rack 30 to generate a rotational force, and the wire reel 25 is rotated in the feeding direction. Thereby, the lower ladder body 13B starts sliding movement along the upper ladder body 13A by its own weight, and is extended and displaced to the use posture. At this time, the lowering moment increases as the lower ladder body 13B extends, but the balance spring 43
Is gradually increased to enhance the balance force, and the lower ladder body 13B needs to descend while rotating the gear group 32. Therefore, the gear group 32 acts like a shock absorber and the lower ladder body 13B Since the descending speed is reduced, even if the cover plate 11 is accidentally opened at a rapid speed, the lower ladder body 13B does not drop suddenly. Therefore,
Not only can the safety when operating the lid plate 11 from the living room side be improved, but when the ladder 13 is put in and taken out from the upper floor, the user may lose balance and fall due to a sudden movement of the ladder 13, You can improve your safety by eliminating the danger.

[Another embodiment]

When the ladder device is mainly used for descending as in the case of non-use, the lid plate 11 is provided on the upper floor and the lid plate 1
The ladder 13 can be lowered in conjunction with the opening operation of 1.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 to 5 show an embodiment of a ladder device according to the present invention. FIG. 1 is a side view of the whole, FIG. 2 is a front view of a housed state, and FIG. 3 is D in FIG. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the gear arrangement, and FIG. 5 is a view taken in the direction of arrow E in FIG. 11 ... lid plate, 13 ... ladder, 13A ... upper ladder body, 13B ... lower ladder body, 14 ... hoisting mechanism, 15 ... hinge, 22 ... shaft, 25 ... wire reel, 26 ... ... wire, 30 ... rack, 31 ... pinion, 32 ... gear group, 43 ... balancing means, 46 ... operating member.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A lid plate (11) for opening and closing an elevating port (2) and one end of a ladder (13) composed of a plurality of elastic ladder bodies (13A, 13B).
One end of each of the upper and lower ladders (13A) and the lid plate (11) is supported by the lifting / lowering opening (2) so as to be vertically swingable. 12), the ladder (13) and the lid plate (11) are supported by a balance spring (43) for weight balance, one end of which is attached to the lift opening (2). A hoisting mechanism (14) for raising and lowering the lower ladder body (13B) via a wire (26) is provided between the hoisting mechanism (14) and the ladder (13). The gear frame (27) fixed to the upper part of the ladder body (13A), the rack plate (28) fixed to the elevating port (2) adjacent to the gear frame (27), and the reel frame (27) on the gear frame (27). 35) has a wire reel (25) that is rotatably supported via it, and a wire (26) that connects the wire reel (25) and the lower ladder body (13B) to the rack plate (28). , Concentric with the swing center axis (22) of the upper ladder (13A) An arc-shaped rack (30) is formed.In the gear frame (27), the pinion (31) meshing with the rack (30) and the rotational power of the pinion (31) are accelerated to the reel shaft (35). The transmitting gear group (32) is pivotally supported respectively, and the elevator (2) is closed when the elevator (2) is closed by the lid (11).
The swing arm (47) that protrudes above the upper ladder (1
A ladder device fixed to (3A) and provided with a connecting hole (49) into which an operating rod (50) is inserted and engaged on an upper part of a swing arm (47).