JPH0630735B2 - Air-vibrator - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an intermittent operation used for destructing and removing wall adhesion and bridges generated inside a storage hopper for powder or granules, silos, cyclones, classifiers, etc. The present invention relates to an air vibrator.

Conventional technology and its problems In powder processing equipment such as hoppers and silos used for storage and transfer of various powders, classifiers, crushers, quantitative feeders, etc., when the powders are pellets or extremely fine If it is a substance with strong cohesiveness, it has poor fluidity and may adhere to the walls of the equipment or cause a bridge phenomenon, which hinders smooth discharge from the chute and is a factor that reduces the performance of the equipment. ing.

In order to eliminate these obstacles, a method of vibrating a hopper or the like with a vibrator, blowing air from the lower portion of the hopper or the like, stirring with a screw, or the like is adopted.

As the vibrator used in the method of (1), there is currently a micro-vibration type air vibrator or a hammer type vibrator that uses a magnet, but it generates high noise,
It has drawbacks such as difficulty in adjusting the number of hits and being expensive.

In addition, there is an intermittently operated air hammer that directly hits the hopper wall etc. with the tip of the piston operated by air,
Since the surface of the equipment such as the hopper is directly hit, there is a problem that the surface of the equipment is damaged or deformed.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is, as described in the claims, an intermittent actuation system in which energy per impact is large, and the number of impacts is controlled by opening and closing a valve. It can be changed in a wide range.

Even though the structure is simple with a small number of parts, shock vibrations are transmitted to the equipment through the anvil and striking plate, so there is low noise, few failures, and an inexpensive air vibrator that does not damage the equipment. Is.

Embodiments Next, the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings illustrating embodiments.

In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a cylinder in which a piston 2 is slidably fitted in an inner chamber 1a, and a diaphragm 3 having a small hole 3a is provided at an upper portion thereof to divide an upper chamber 4a into an annular lower chamber 4b. The valve chamber 4 is provided, and the lower part of the valve chamber 4 is fitted with an anvil 5 that is hit by a piston so that the anvil 5 can be finely moved, and then closed by a hitting plate 6.

Use this striking plate on the side wall of a hopper or silo,
Mounted with welding and bolts.

The valve upper chamber 4a has an exhaust port 8 communicating with the atmosphere through a 2-position solenoid valve 7, the valve lower chamber 4b has an air supply port 9 always communicating with an air source, and the cylinder inner chamber. Below the 1a, exhaust ports 10 that are always open to the atmosphere are provided.

In the piston retracted state (steady state) of FIG. 1, the diaphragm 3 is biased toward the valve lower chamber side by the air pressure applied to the upper surface of the diaphragm 3 and the spring 11, and isolates the lower chamber 4b from the cylinder inner chamber 1a. There is. The piston 2 is biased upward by the spring 12 and is in the retracted position.

Reference numeral 13 denotes a plurality of pores bored in the piston 2 in the axial direction, and the air above the inner chamber 1a is discharged through the pores 13 when the piston is retracted.

Reference numeral 14 is an elastic material that absorbs the repulsion of the anvil when the piston strikes the anvil.

Note that FIG. 1 is a steady state, and FIG. 2 is a piston striking state.

The vibrator of the present invention has the above-described structure. The operation thereof will be described. When the solenoid valve 7 is closed as shown in FIG. 1, the air flowing from the air supply port 9 into the valve lower chamber 4b is not separated from the diaphragm. The valve upper chamber 4 through the small hole 3a
It flows into a and fills the valve chamber 4. However, upper chamber 4
Due to the relationship between the pressure receiving area of a and the lower chamber 4b, the pressing force of the spring 11, and the restoring force of the diaphragm, the cylinder inner chamber 1a is not supplied with air while the diaphragm closes the upper end of the inner chamber 1a, and the piston moves backward. It keeps its position.

Next, when the solenoid valve 7 is switched to the open state as shown in FIG.
At that moment, the accumulated air in the upper chamber 4a is discharged from the exhaust port 8, and the diaphragm 3 is pushed up by the air pressure flowing into the lower chamber 4b, so that the air retained in the lower chamber and the air supply port Air from 9 is the cylinder inner chamber 1a
Immediately flow into and push the upper end surface of the piston 2. When the piston moves forward and strikes the anvil 5, the impact energy is transmitted to the hopper or the like via the impact plate 6,
Destroys and removes adhesion and bridges generated inside hoppers. The state of FIG. 2 is maintained while the solenoid valve 7 is open.

Next, when the solenoid valve is switched, the piston retracts. At this time, the air in the upper portion of the inner chamber 1a is discharged from the exhaust port 10 through the pores 13 provided in the piston, so that the piston retracts smoothly. Done.

The solenoid valve 7 is switched by a timer (not shown). However, if the required number of hits is small or if it is operated only at a specific time, a manual valve may be used instead of the solenoid valve and the timer, resulting in a simpler configuration. Become.

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION The air vibrator of the present invention has the above-described configuration, and since it has a small number of parts and a simple structure, it does not have a failure. When the piston retreats, the air behind the piston is discharged from the pores, so the clearance between the piston and the cylinder inner chamber wall can be reduced, and the sliding surface can be widened, so that a stable impact can always be obtained.

Also, in most cases, the vibrator is installed diagonally or horizontally (right angle to the outer surface of the equipment such as the hopper), so if the clearance is small and the sliding surface width is wide, the piston will run smoothly without lateral runout. Because it moves back and forth repeatedly,
The inner surface of the cylinder and the outer surface of the piston are less likely to be damaged and wear is reduced, resulting in significantly improved durability.

Since the impact of the piston is transmitted through the anvil and the impact plate, there is no damage such as deformation or abrasion of the device as compared with the type of directly impacting the device.

Moreover, since it is light in weight and air type, it can be used in a reactor made of FRP and a reactor / boiler for chemicals, etc., regardless of its mounting position / location.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of the vibrator of the present invention when the piston is retracted (steady state), and FIG. 2 is a sectional view when the piston is advanced (striking state). 1 ... Cylinder, 1a ... Inner chamber 2 ... Piston, 3 ... Diaphragm 4 ... Valve chamber, 5 ... Anvil 6 ... Strike plate, 7 ... Solenoid valve 8, 10 ... Exhaust port, 9 ... … Air supply port 13 …… Pore, 14 …… Elastic material

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A piston 2 which moves forwards and backwards in an inner chamber 1a by air pressure.
The valve chamber 4 is provided above the cylinder 1 in which the valve is fitted, and the valve chamber 4 is provided with a diaphragm 3 having a small hole.
And the lower chamber 4b, the upper chamber is opened with an exhaust port 8 communicating with the atmosphere through a valve 7, the lower chamber is opened with an air supply port 9, and the lower cylinder chamber 1a is opened with an exhaust port 10. In the air vibrator having the above configuration, the piston 2 is provided with a plurality of pores 12 in the axial direction, the striking plate 6 is attached to the lower end of the cylinder inner chamber 1a, and the anvil 5 is arranged between the piston and the striking plate. Air vibrator characterized by.