JPH06306372A - Apparatus for continuous thermal decomposition of high polymer - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the title apparatus whereby the energy cost necessary for thermal decomposition can be reduced, the thermal decomposition can be accomplished so fully that the amount of wastes can be reduced, and a low- boiling oil can be obtained. CONSTITUTION:A continuous thermal decomposition apparatus consisting of a reactor 1 having a conveyor 7 having an agitation function in its inside and being capable of being heated, a feed port 2 for a high polymer provided upstream of the reactor 1, a gas outlet 4, an exit 5 to a circulation chute and an exit 6 for overflow provided downstream of the reactor 1, said exit 5 being connected through the conveyor with the side upstream of the conveyor 7, wherein a burner apparatus is used as the heating source for heating the reactor 1, a heat-radiating pipe 9 through which the combustion gas from this burner passes is provided inside the reactor 1, and the reactor 1 is provided with a steam blowing port 3, is provided.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for continuously pyrolyzing a high molecular weight polymer, which continuously decomposes the high molecular weight polymer to recover an active ingredient.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional continuous thermal decomposition apparatus of this type, there is one disclosed by Japanese Patent Publication No. 53-16437. In this conventional continuous thermal decomposition apparatus, the amount of heat required for thermal decomposition is obtained by an electric heater, and this electric heater has an external heating structure installed outside the reactor.

[0003]

In the above-mentioned conventional continuous thermal decomposition apparatus, since it has an external heating type structure using an electric heater, the energy cost is high and it is impossible to put it into practical use. An external heat method using combustion gas is also conceivable, but this is a jacket method, which is structurally impossible due to the difference in thermal expansion between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder. Further, in the above conventional technique,
A large amount of carbon, 20 to 30% of the weight of the substance to be decomposed, is generated due to the thermal decomposition, and there is a problem that the treatment is difficult even if the carbon is continuously removed. In addition, since the cracked gas contains a large amount of tar-like heavy oil that is not sufficiently decomposed, it is a cause of troubles in the devices after the thermal decomposition device.

The present invention has been made in view of the above, and it is possible to reduce the energy cost required for thermal decomposition and to sufficiently reduce the amount of waste and to obtain light oil. An object of the present invention is to provide a continuous thermal decomposition apparatus for the polymerized polymer.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, the continuous thermal decomposition apparatus for polymerized polymer according to the present invention is equipped with a conveying device 7 having a feeding function and a stirring function, and is capable of heating. An inlet 2 for the high molecular weight polymer is provided on the upstream side in the conveying direction of the conveying device 7 of the reactor 1 described above.
The gas outlet 4, the circulation drop port 5, and the overflow discharge port 6 are provided on the downstream side in the transport direction by the transport device 7 of FIG. 1, and the circulation drop port 5 and the upstream side in the transport direction by the transport device 7 of the reactor 1 are connected to each other. In a continuous thermal decomposition apparatus for polymerized polymers connected by a transfer device, a combustion device is used as a heating source for heating the reactor 1, and a heat radiation pipe 9 through which combustion gas of the combustion device passes is also used as the reactor. 1, and the reactor 1 is provided with a steam inlet 3. Further, a honeycomb 14 made of ceramics having a high thermal conductivity is provided inside the gas outlet 4 so as to face the outlet of the combustion apparatus.

[0006]

[Operation] A heat medium made of an inorganic material is placed in the reactor 1 in advance, and the polymer polymer charged through the charging port 2 is radiated by the combustion device while being transported by the transport device 7 together with this heat medium. It is heated by heating and pyrolyzed. At this time, superheated steam is blown from the steam suction port 3 to cause the organic gas decomposed by the thermal decomposition to undergo an aqueous reaction and then taken out from the gas outlet 4. The ash generated by the thermal decomposition drops from the circulation drop port 5 and is again conveyed to the reactor 1 by the conveying means.
Returned to the side. The increased amount of the heat medium due to the ash is overflowed from the discharge port 6. Further, when the honeycomb 14 is installed inside the gas outlet 4, the organic gas is heated again here to be lightened.

[0007]

EXAMPLES Examples of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a reactor which has a cylindrical shape with both ends closed and which is installed substantially horizontally. An inlet 2 for introducing a polymer is provided on the upper surface of one side in the longitudinal direction of the reactor 1. The steam inlet 3 and the gas outlet 4 on the upper surface of the other side,
Further, a circulation drop port 5 and a discharge port 6 are provided on the lower surface of the other side portion. The circulating drop port 5 and the discharge port 6 are displaced in the longitudinal direction, and the circulating drop port 5 is arranged on the inner side in the longitudinal direction.

In the reactor 1, a screw type carrier device 7 is arranged along the inner lower surface of the reactor 1 and its upstream side in the carrier direction is opposed to the processed material inlet 2 of the reactor 1. It has been decorated. The upstream side of the carrying device 7 in the carrying direction is constituted by the screw plate 7a and has a carrying function, but the downstream side in the carrying direction is a large number of pin members 7b.
In addition to the transport function, the screw is planted in the shape of a screw to have a stirring function. 8 is this transfer device 7
Is a motor for driving.

In the upper part of the reactor 1, there is provided a heat radiating pipe 9 having a length of substantially the entire length and formed in a U shape. The heat radiation pipe 9 is provided at one end with a catalytic combustion device 10 including a combustion catalyst 10a and a fuel mixing portion 10b. Further, although the other end of the heat radiation pipe 9 is open to the atmosphere in this embodiment, when a plurality of the devices of the present invention are installed, this is connected to the heat radiation pipe 9 of another device on the upstream side of the catalytic combustion device. To the multi-stage combustion structure.

One end of a lateral transfer device 12 is connected to the circulating drop port 5 of the reactor 1 via a crusher 11. The other end of the lateral transfer device 12 is connected to the base end of an inclined transfer device 13 which is provided on the side of the reactor 1 in a vertically inclined manner. The end portion of the inclined transport device 13 is connected to one side portion in the longitudinal direction of the reactor 1, that is, the upstream side of the transport device 7 in the transport direction. A screw is used as the conveying means of the lateral and inclined conveying devices 12 and 13.

At the gas outlet 4 of the reactor 1, a honeycomb 14 made of silicon carbide is provided so as to face the outlet of the catalytic combustion apparatus 10. Further, a gas heating device 16 is provided in the gas extraction circuit 15 connected to the gas extraction port 4 as required. FIG. 3 shows an example of the configuration of the gas heating device 16, in which a plurality of honeycombs 18 made of silicon carbide and an electric heater 19 made of molybdenum disilicide located between the honeycombs 18 are provided in a casing 17. It is decorated and is designed to be heated while passing through it.

In the above-mentioned structure, by supplying a predetermined amount of air and fuel to the catalytic combustion device 10, they are mixed in the combustion mixing section 10b and then catalytically combusted in the combustion catalyst 10a to form high temperature combustion gas. Then, it flows into the heat radiation pipe 9, and the heat at this time is radiated into the reactor 1 to heat the entire reactor. At this time, since the heat radiation pipe 9 is inside the reactor 1, the reactor 1 is efficiently heated. Further, the heat efficiency is good because the heat source is catalytic combustion.
An inorganic heat medium such as silica sand is previously placed in the reactor 1 and is heated by the heat radiation pipe 9.

In this state, and in a state of being shielded from the outside air, the conveying device 7 is driven to feed the pelletized pulverized high molecular weight polymer from the treated product feeding port 2 and the water vapor suction port 3
Blow more superheated steam. Then, the high molecular weight polymer charged into the reactor 1 is thermally decomposed and gasified while being conveyed with the heat medium. At this time, carbon generated by thermal decomposition of the high molecular weight polymer is mixed in this decomposition gas, but this carbon is decomposed into carbon monoxide and hydrogen by a water gas reaction by superheated steam, and this is also It is gasified.

Accordingly, the high molecular weight polymer charged through the charging port 2 is conveyed by the conveying device 7 and the entire amount thereof is thermally decomposed into organic gas and ash. Then, the organic gas is taken out from the gas take-out port 4, and then cooled and condensed to make the active ingredient into an oil form and recovered. At this time, since hydrogen due to a water gas reaction is mixed in the organic gas, the recovered oil is lightened and recovered as a light oil. Also,
The gas at this time is used as fuel for the catalytic combustion device 10.

On the other hand, the heat medium in the reactor 1 drops from the circulation drop port 5, is crushed by the crusher 11, and then the lateral transfer device 1
2. Returning to the conveying direction side of the reactor 1 through the inclined conveying device 13 and circulated. At this time, the amount of the heat medium is increased by mixing the ash produced by the thermal decomposition in the reactor 1, and the overflow is dropped and discharged from the discharge port 6. The exhaust port 6 is also shielded from the atmosphere side and kept in an oxygen-less state.

By operating for a long time as described above, the heat medium is gradually replaced with ash produced by thermal decomposition. However, this ash also acts as a heat medium, so there is no problem. Further, the waste discharged from the overflow discharge port 6 gradually becomes only ash, but this ash can be easily treated. In the above examples, the thermal decomposition of the high molecular weight polymer is completely carried out, so that the amount of ash which is the residue thereof is also small. Furthermore, during the thermal decomposition,
By mixing lime as an additive, the effects of desulfurization and dechlorination can be obtained.

On the other hand, in the above embodiment, an example in which the honeycomb 14 made of silicon carbide is installed in the gas outlet 4 is shown. This honeycomb 14 is the highest temperature part of the catalytic combustion device 10 in the reactor 1. It faces 10a and is heated to a high temperature. The honeycomb 14 has a very large area in contact with the gas, and the gas in contact with the honeycomb 14 easily becomes high in temperature. Therefore, the tar content remaining in the gas due to the aqueous reaction by the steam is further heated while passing through the honeycomb 14 to be decomposed and lightened. The honeycomb 14 may be made of silicon nitride instead of silicon carbide.
Ceramic with good thermal conductivity is used.

When the polymer to be treated contains chlorine (PVC, etc.), dioxin is generated when the recovered gas is cooled. Therefore, the recovered gas is further heated to completely remove the benzene nucleus. Need to be disassembled into
In such a case, the catalyst recovery apparatus 10 used for heating the reactor 1 in the gas recovery conduit is heated by using another catalytic combustion apparatus connected in multiple stages.

Similarly, although not shown in the above embodiment, the lateral transfer device 12 and the inclined transfer device 13 may also be equipped with a catalytic combustion device connected to the catalytic combustion device 10 in multiple stages. Further, as the heating device, a burner type combustion device may be used in addition to the catalytic combustion device 10.

[0020]

According to the present invention, the heating device for heating the reactor 1 is arranged in the reactor 1, and the heating device is configured to radiate the heat from the combustion gas.
The thermal efficiency is improved, and the energy cost required for thermal decomposition can be reduced. Moreover, since the high molecular weight polymer is sufficiently thermally decomposed in the reactor 1, the amount of waste can be reduced. Further, since superheated steam can be introduced into the reactor 1, the carbon content in the generated organic gas is decomposed into carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and the tar content is lightened in the presence of hydrogen to obtain axial oil. You can

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway front view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway plan view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a gas heating device.

[Explanation of Codes] 1 ... Reactor, 2 ... Input port, 3 ... Water vapor injection port, 4 ... Gas outlet port, 5 ... Circulation drop port, 6 ... Discharge port, 7 ... Conveyor device, 8
... motor, 9 ... heat radiation pipe, 10 ... catalytic combustion device, 1
0a ... Combustion catalyst, 10b ... Fuel mixing section, 11 ... Crusher,
12 ... Lateral transfer device, 13 ... Inclined transfer device, 14 ... Honeycomb, 15 ... Gas extraction circuit, 16 ... Gas heating device.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A transfer device 7 having a feeding function and a stirring function.
In addition, a high-molecular polymer charging port 2 is provided on the upstream side in the transport direction of the transport device 7 of the reactor 1 which can be heated, and on the downstream side in the transport direction of the transport device 7 of the reactor 1.
Polymer polymerization in which a gas outlet 4, a circulation drop port 5 and an overflow discharge port 6 are provided, and the circulation drop port 5 and the upstream side of the reactor 1 in the transport direction by the transport device 7 are connected by a transport device. In a continuous thermal decomposition apparatus for substances, a combustion device is used as a heating source for heating the reactor 1, a heat radiation pipe 9 through which combustion gas of the combustion device passes is provided in the reactor 1, and steam is supplied to the reactor 1. An apparatus for continuously pyrolyzing a high-molecular polymer, characterized in that a suction port 3 is provided. 2. A honeycomb 1 made of silicon carbide or the like is provided at a gas outlet 4 part.
4. The continuous thermal decomposition apparatus for a high-molecular polymer according to claim 1, wherein 4 is installed so as to face the outlet of the combustion device.