JPH06303920A - Microbicidal grit for chicken raising - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To decrease the amount of a microbicidal agent to be added to a feed by using a microbicidal ceramic as chicken raising grit. CONSTITUTION:Silver is supported on at least one kind of ceramic material selected from a calcium-containing compound, silicon dioxide, titanium oxide, zeolite and alumina and the ceramic material is formed in granular form having compression strength of >=3kg and a diameter of 1-15mm and used as a microbicidal grit for chicken raising.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an antibacterial grit for poultry farming, which relates to the use of an antibacterial fungicide obtained by supporting an antibacterial metal on ceramics as a grit for poultry farming.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Eggs and chicken are inexpensive and important protein sources and make a great contribution to our diet. In recent years, many birds have been bred to support this, and mass production has started. However, along with this, the problems of contamination with pathogenic bacteria such as Salmonella and Escherichia coli and malodorous pollution due to excrement have increased, and there have been adverse effects such as developmental defects of chickens and a decrease in egg laying rate. Therefore, as hygiene measures, antibiotics such as penicillin, kanamycin, and tetracycline, and synthetic antibacterial agents such as sulfadimethoxine and oxophosphoric acid are added to feeds or used as veterinary medicines to improve their effects. The usage method and amount of these drugs are regulated by the “Feed Additives Usage Standards” and “Ministerial Ordinance Concerning the Restriction of Use of Veterinary Drugs”, but the usage amount of these drugs is increasing year by year. Persistence of drugs on the skin is a problem. The inventors of the present invention have also applied for “Fungicide / Fungicide for Food or Feed” Japanese Patent Application No. 4-339.
No. 454 discloses that a silver-supported ceramic antibacterial agent is added to a feed, and a sufficient antibacterial effect and high safety can be obtained as a substitute for currently used antibiotics and the like.

Chickens store pebbles and sand (hereinafter referred to as grit) in their muscles and crush foods finely to assist their digestion. Therefore, grit is physiologically necessary for chickens, and the stored grit is not digested and excreted in a short time like food, but is stored in the muscle stomach for a long time. It is known. As grit, crushed materials such as oysters have been used conventionally,
It is also used as a calcium source for chickens. Further, it has been studied to add zeolite to feed and use it as grit and deodorize excrement.

[0004]

As described above, antibiotics and synthetic antibacterial agents have been used as veterinary antibacterial agents for veterinary medicine in order to prevent developmental disorders in chickens and reduction in egg laying rate due to pathogenic bacteria. It is used as a feed, and the residue of these drugs on eggs and chicken meat may impair human health, which is a safety issue. Therefore, the present inventors have disclosed a method of adding a silver-supported ceramic antibacterial agent to the feed. In this method, the antibacterial agent is excreted as the feed is digested, and therefore the antibacterial agent is always added to the feed. There are drawbacks that must be maintained. The present invention is stored in the muscle and stomach, and by imparting antibacterial properties to the grit that assists in the digestion of food, the antibacterial properties are retained for a long time, and since it is not digested and excreted, the antibacterial properties of feed are It is an object of the present invention to provide an antibacterial grit that can be added in a reduced amount, has excellent economical efficiency, and can be safely used as a grit.

[0005]

In order to solve the above problems, the present inventors have examined the use of an inorganic antibacterial agent, and as a result, calcium phosphate, calcium carbonate, calcium-containing compounds such as hydroxyapatite, silicon dioxide, zirconia, By using an antibacterial ceramic, such as titanium oxide, zeolite, or alumina, which is relatively hard to be absorbed by the living body, is stable, and has high safety, a metal having antibacterial properties, in particular silver, is used as a grit. It was confirmed that the above problems could be solved.

[0006] It has long been known that a certain kind of metal exhibits a strong antibacterial property even in a trace amount, but among these antibacterial metals, there are some which exhibit a strong toxicity when absorbed into a living body. Therefore, the antibacterial metal used in the present invention needs to be selected, for example, from metals that are relatively non-toxic to the living body even if absorbed, such as iron, gold and silver. Considering the acquisition and treatment methods, it is preferable to use silver as the antibacterial metal. A method of supporting an antibacterial metal, which is relatively less toxic to a living body, on the ceramic will be described below by taking silver as an example of the antibacterial metal.

A water-soluble silver salt such as silver nitrate was added to a ceramic suspension suspended in an aqueous solution to adsorb the silver salt on the ceramic, followed by dehydration, washing and drying to support silver ions. After the ceramic is obtained, it is calcined at 800 ° C. or higher, or it is heated to 350 ° C. or higher and hydrogen gas is flowed to reduce silver to obtain silver-supported ceramic. It can also be obtained by coating fine ceramics with silver fine powder by a high-speed air current impact method or the like. The amount of silver supported on the ceramics is appropriately selected by changing the ratio of the amount of the water-soluble silver salt or silver fine powder to be used and the amount of ceramics. Since the property is weak and blackening may occur when it is too much, it is not preferable as a product, so the supported amount is preferably 0.01 to ceramics.
It is about 5% by weight.

As described above, in the ceramics carrying silver, the silver may turn black depending on the storage conditions and the product quality may deteriorate. In order to prevent this blackening of silver, the use of a ceramic containing a ceramic selected from a calcium-containing compound as the ceramic and silicon dioxide and / or zinc oxide can prevent the blackening of the carried silver. Becomes That is, after the silver salt is supported on the above-prepared ceramics and fired at 800 ° C. or higher, a fungicidal and antifungal agent which is white and does not cause discoloration can be obtained. In this case, the content of silicon dioxide is 0.5 to 10% by weight with respect to other ceramics, and the whiteness is sufficiently maintained. Although the silver-supported ceramics thus obtained exhibit antibacterial and antifungal properties in proportion to the amount of silver-supported ceramics.

It was confirmed that the use of the above-mentioned antibacterial and antifungal ceramics as a grit for poultry shows a long-term antibacterial effect in the digestive organs of a chicken and is also highly safe. When used as antibacterial grit for poultry, chicken stores grit in the muscle and stomach and ingests it for the purpose of assisting digestion, so if the strength of grit is weak, the grit collapses during digestion and food can not be digested It is excreted, and similarly, when the grit is too small, it is excreted without being stored in the muscle stomach. Also, grit that is too large cannot be consumed by chickens. Therefore, the strength and size of the grit become a problem. The size of the antibacterial grit for poultry raising according to the present invention is 1 mm to 15 mm because the grit of about 1 mm to 2 mm in chicks and the size of 2 mm to 15 mm in chickens are easily ingested and stored in the muscle stomach. In a grit having a compressive strength of 1 mm, at least 3 kg of silver-containing ceramics. The ceramic may be any one that has a compressive strength of at least 3 kg in a grit of 1 mm when molded by containing silver. Mixing calcium phosphate, hydroxyapatite, silica, zeolite, calcium carbonate, alumina, zirconia, titanium oxide, and these components, porcelain clay, glass, Otani stone, barite stone, cordierite, mullite, etc. with antibacterial ceramics. It can also be used. The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples.

[0010]

Example 1 Porcelain clay containing 5% of hydroxyapatite carrying 1% of silver and 5% of bakuhanishi was formed into about 800
Baking was carried out at a temperature of ℃ to obtain antibacterial grit having a size of 1-2 mm and a compressive strength of 3-5 kg.

[0011]

Example 2 Porcelain clay containing 1% of zeolite supporting 1% of silver was molded and fired at about 1,000 ° C. to obtain an antibacterial grit having a size of about 5 mm and a compressive strength of 20 kg or more.

[0012]

Example 3 Alumina containing 5% of fine silver powder was molded and fired at about 1,400 ° C. to obtain an antibacterial grit having a size of about 10 mm and a compressive strength of 50 kg or more.

[0013]

Example 4 Tricalcium phosphate carrying 2% of silver was molded and fired at about 1,200 ° C. to obtain an antibacterial grit having a size of about 15 mm and a compressive strength of 80 kg or more.

[Comparative Example 1] Porcelain clay containing 5% of hydroxyapatite loaded with 1% of silver and 5% of barite stone was molded and fired at about 700 ° C. to obtain a compressive strength of about 0.5 mm. 2 kg of antibacterial grit was obtained.

[Comparative Example 2] A oyster scraped into a size of about 5 to 10 mm was used as a grit.

[0016]

[Example 5] 2 g of the grit prepared in each of [Example 1] and [Comparative Example 1] was ingested by a 3-day-old chick, and [Example 2] to [Example 4] and a 25-week-old chicken. Each grit of [Comparative Example 2] was ingested in an amount of 10 g, and then Salmonella was administered to all chicks and chickens. A test for confirmation of excrement after 1 day and a test for salmonella in the excrement after 1 week and a test for confirmation of silver by drying and firing the excrement were performed. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0017]

[Table 1]

In the group to which the grit prepared in Examples 1 to 4 was given, Salmonella and silver were not confirmed in the excretions after 1 day and 1 week. However, in the group given the grit prepared in Comparative Example 1, Salmonella was not confirmed in the excrement after 1 day, but silver was confirmed, and Salmonella was confirmed after 1 week, and silver was not confirmed. From this, it is considered that the fine grit is not excreted as food and cannot maintain the antibacterial property for a long time.

[0019]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The antibacterial and antifungal agent in which silver is supported on ceramics according to the present invention can be used safely and stably, and is effective as an antibacterial grit when used in poultry farming in a granular form having a compressive strength of 3 kg or more and 1 to 15 mm. And the harmful effects of pathogenic bacteria on chickens are eliminated.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. An antibacterial grit for poultry, which is a silver-containing ceramic having a grain size of 1 mm to 15 mm and a compressive strength of 3 kg or more. 2. The antibacterial grit for poultry farming according to claim 1, wherein the ceramic contains at least one of calcium phosphate, hydroxyapatite, silica, zeolite, calcium carbonate and alumina. 3. The loading amount of silver is 0.0 with respect to the ceramics.
1-5%, The antibacterial grit for poultry farming according to claim 1 or 2.