JPH06290097A - Ic card - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To easily obtain a file corresponding to application and to improve the efficiency of a memory by providing an IC card with a means for rewriting the file type of a directory. CONSTITUTION:This IC card 4 has a file 1 for storing data and a directory 2 for managing the file 1 and reads out/writes data stored in the file 1 based upon the file type 3 of the directory 2. The IC card includes the rewriting means 5 for rewriting the file type 3 of the directory 2. Namely the means 5 rewrites the file type 3 of the directory 2 correspondingly to application and reads out/ writes data from/in the file. In the case of using the IC card as a medical card e.g. the file is used as a circulation type forward organization file, and in the case of using the IC card as a bank card, the file is constituted as a circulation type forward organization file. Thereby the file can be repeatedly used.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an I having a data memory.
The present invention relates to management of a file type of a data memory of a C card, specifically an IC card.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art There are a plurality of conventional methods for managing data stored in an IC card. In those cases, when the file that stores the storage data is generated, the file type is written in the directory that manages the file, and then read according to that file type.
Writing is in process. The file type indicates whether the file is a sequential file, a cyclic type sequential file, or a transparent type file.

[0003]

According to this conventional example,
When there is a case where an IC card is used to erase a file that has been used for a certain purpose and then used again for another purpose, the following problems occur. That is, it was necessary to use the same file type as the previous time, or to newly create a file of the file type that was intended if there was enough free memory. As a result, there is a problem that the file type corresponding to the application cannot be used and the memory efficiency is considerably deteriorated. Furthermore, if different applications are used, the required file type is matched and the entire memory must be reallocated, and even valid data is erased, which is inconvenient.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an IC card in which a file corresponding to an application can be easily obtained and its memory efficiency is improved.

[0005]

According to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, a file 1 for storing data and the file 1 are stored.
Rewriting means 5 for rewriting the file type 3 of the directory 2 in the IC card 4 which has a directory 2 for managing the above and reads and writes data stored in the file 1 based on the file type 3 of the directory 2. Is to have.

[0006]

According to the present invention, the file type of the directory is rewritten according to the application. And
Based on the rewritten file type, data is read from or written to the file. For example, when an IC card is used as a medical card, the file is used as a non-circular type sequential file, while when the IC card is used as a bank card, the file is configured as a circular type sequential file. As a result, in the latter, the file can be repeatedly used, and the memory efficiency is improved. In the former case, valid data can be surely saved. The file type may be a sequential type file, a direct type file, an index sequential type file, etc., as well as a split type (record type), a non-split type (transparent type), a variable length type, a fixed length type, etc. Good.

[0007]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 2 to 13 are for explaining one embodiment of the IC card according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the IC card 10 and the external processing device 17 according to this embodiment. The IC card 10 can be connected to the external processing device 17 (reader / writer), and storage data is transmitted and received between the external processing device 17 and the IC card 10.
The IC card 10 includes a CPU 11 and a data memory 1
2, program memory (ROM) 13, RAM 14, I
It has an / O port 15. These CPU 11, data memory 12, program memory 13, RAM 14,
The I / O ports 15 are electrically connected to each other by an address / data bus 16.

The CPU 11 executes a predetermined operation according to a command given from the external processing device 17 via the I / O port 15. An operation program of the CPU 11 is written in the program memory 13 including a ROM and the like. The RAM 14 is used as a work area required when the CPU 11 operates. The data memory 12 is for writing stored data, and is composed of an electrically erasable and readable / writable EEPROM or the like.

The structure of the data memory 12 is shown in FIGS.
Will be described with reference to. FIG. 3 shows the structure of the record 20, which is composed of a record length 21 and a data portion 22 of the record. Record 2
0 can be a fixed length or a variable length. The data memory 12 is composed of, for example, a plurality of files, and each file is composed according to its file type. For example, it is a sequential organization file, a direct organization file, an index sequential organization file, or the like. There is a cyclic type that can be overwritten even in a sequential file, a non-cyclic type that cannot be overwritten, or a transparent type.

FIGS. 4 to 6 show the method of storing data of each file type. FIG. 4 shows a sequential file composed of the fixed-length or variable-length records 20 shown in FIG. A file having a predetermined memory capacity is composed of a plurality of records 20.
This file cannot be overwritten with data when writing additionally. FIG. 5 shows a cyclic sequential file composed of the fixed-length or variable-length records 20 shown in FIG. Data can be overwritten in this file, and the oldest record 20 can be overwritten. FIG. 6 shows a transparent file which is defined as a collection of characters without a record unit.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the structure of a directory for managing each file. The directory is a file ID 23 that distinguishes files, a file type 24 that indicates the storage method of the data in the file, a file start address 25 that indicates the file position, a file size 26 that indicates the file size, and the number of records that exist in the file. The number of existing records is 27, and in the case of a write command, it is composed of a pointer address 28 that points to the address of the record to be written next. The existing record number 27 cannot be counted in the case of a transparent file (FIG. 6) in which no data is stored in the record, but 1 is stored when the data is written. If the data has been cleared, 0 is stored.

FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 are diagrams for explaining commands and responses for transmission / reception between the IC card 10 and the external processing device 17. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a command format. A start code 30 indicating that a command block has been sent, a block length 31 indicating how many bytes below the command code 32 are sent, what the command block should process. Command code 32 for identifying the file, a file ID 33 for identifying the corresponding file processed by the command, and a file type change parameter 34 for changing the file type.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the format of a response. A start code 30 showing that a response block has been sent, a block length 31 showing how many bytes below the command code 32 are sent, and a command block A command code 32 for identifying what should be processed, a status 35 showing the processing result of the command
It consists of

FIG. 10 is a flow chart showing the operation of the IC card 10 according to this embodiment for receiving a command from the external processing device 17, processing each command, and transmitting the result to the external processing device 17 as a response. is there. First, when a reset signal is received from the external processing device 17 (S1001), initial setting is performed (S100).
2). It is a check of each part such as RAM. Next, the reception of a command is awaited (S1003), and after the reception, processing of each command is performed (S1004). When the command processing routine ends, it is confirmed that an error has occurred (S1005), and if not generated, a status indicating that the process is normal is set in the response block (S1006), and the response block is sent to the external processing device 17. It is output (S1008). If an error occurs, a status indicating that the process is abnormal is set (S1007), and a response block is output (S1008). After the output of the response block, it waits for the next command reception (return to S1003).

FIG. 11 shows step S100 of FIG.
4 is a flowchart showing a process of changing a file type in a directory processed in each command processing routine of FIG. First, a directory corresponding to the file ID indicated in the command format is searched (S1101). Next, in step S1102, it is checked whether the number of records in this directory is 0. This is to check if there is any valid data left in the file. If the number of records is 0, it is assumed that valid data does not remain, and the file type parameter in the directory is rewritten (S1).
103). That is, the parameter shown in the command is rewritten, for example, from a circular sequential file (the application is for a bank card) to a non-cyclic sequential file (for a medical card).
Then, it is determined whether or not the writing process to the memory is normal (S1104), and if abnormal, an error status is set (S1105) and this routine is ended. If the number of records in the directory is not 0 (NO in S1102), it is determined that valid data exists, an error status is set (S1105), and the process ends.

FIG. 12 shows step S100 of FIG.
4 is a flowchart showing the processing of a data write command executed in the command processing routine of FIG. In this routine, first, the directory corresponding to the file ID is searched (S1201). Next, it is checked whether the file type in the directory is a record type (is not a transparent type) (S1202). If it is a record type, that is, a sequential file type, steps S1203 to S1215
Proceed to. If it is a transparent type (S120
No in step 2), the process proceeds to steps S1216 to S1221.

In the case of record type, it is checked whether the command code is a record type command (S1).
203). If it is a record type command, the process advances to the next step S1204, and if not, an error status is set (S1215) and the process ends. Step S
At 1204, it is determined whether there is room to write a record in the file. If there is a margin, the write address is searched from the pointer address (S1205). Then, the record data added to the command is written to that address of the file (S1206). And
It is checked whether the writing process to the memory was normal (S1207), and if normal, both the number of records in the directory and the pointer address are updated (S1208). Furthermore, it is checked whether or not this writing is normal (S1209), and if normal, the processing ends. If the writing is abnormal (NO in S1207, S
1209: NO), error status is set (S1
215) Finish.

If the file cannot be written in step S1204, it is confirmed whether the file type is a circular sequential file or not (S1210). If it is not the circulation type, the process ends as an error (S1215). In the case of the circulation type, the write address is searched by the pointer address (S1211) and the record data is written (S1212). If the writing is not normal, the process ends as an error (S121
5) If the writing is normal, the pointer address is updated (S1214). Furthermore, this writing is checked (S1209), and this routine is ended.

If the file type is the transparent type (NO in S1202), it is checked whether the command code is the transparent type command code (S1216). If the codes are different, an error status is set (S1215) and the process ends. If the codes match, the write address in the file is searched (S1217), and the transparent data is written (S1218). If the writing is abnormal, the error process is performed (S1215). If the writing is normal, the number of records in the directory is updated to 1 (S1220). Furthermore, the writing process is checked (S1221), and if there is an abnormality, an error status is set (S1
215) is performed, and normally ends as it is.

FIG. 13 shows step S100 of FIG.
9 is a flowchart showing a process of erasing stored data in a file in the command processing routine of No. 4 (for example, rewriting all the contents of the memory to hexadecimal FF). First, a directory corresponding to the file ID is searched (S1301), and it is checked whether the number of records in the directory is 0 (S1302). If it is 0, the file has been cleared, and the process ends.

If the number of records is not 0 (YES at S1302), the data in the file is cleared to the initial value (S).
1303) and the parameters in the directory are initialized (S1304). For example, the number of records is set to 0 and the pointer address is set to the file head address. Further, it is determined whether or not the writing process to the memory is normally performed (S1305), and if it is normal, the process is ended as it is.
If the writing is not normal, the error status is set and then the initialization routine is ended (S130).
6).

[0023]

According to the present invention, a file can be used without reducing the memory efficiency of the IC card as the application is changed. As a result, it is possible to provide a more adaptable IC card for each application. Further, the present invention has an advantage that it is not necessary to reallocate the entire memory of the IC card when changing the application.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a functional configuration of an IC card according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of an IC card according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a format of a record according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a format of a sequential file according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a format of a circular sequential file according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a structure of a transparent type file according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a directory structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a format of a command according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a format of a response according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing a main routine of the IC card according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing a file type rewriting routine of an IC card according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing a data writing routine to a file of the IC card according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing an IC card file initialization routine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 file 2 directory 3 file type 4 IC card

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An IC card having a file for storing data and a directory for managing this file, wherein the data stored in the file is read and written based on the file type of the directory. An IC card having rewriting means for rewriting a file type.