JPH06289877A - Musical sound synthesizing device and musical sound analyzing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the musical sound synthesizing device which can generate a musical sound faithful to a natural musical sound by simulating the interfering operation between a soundboard and a body, and strings as to a musical sound synthesizing device which has the sounding mechanism of a musical instrument by using an electronic circuit. CONSTITUTION:An equivalent circuit for the strings as a circuit of the circulation system consisting of an adder 302, a subtracter 103, and a delay circuit 303 generates vibration data of the strings corresponding to the vibration of the strings and a filter 101 which simulates the soundboard and body generates synthesized data corresponding to the vibration of the soundboard and body; and a multiplier 102 generates feedback data as the multiplication result obtained by multiplying the synthesized data by a feedback gain and the subtracter 103 in the equivalent circuit for the strings performs subtraction between the vibration data of the strings and the feedback data and inputs the subtraction result to a delay circuit 303 to simulate the interfering operation between the soundboard and body, and the strings with the simple circuit constitution, thereby obtaining the musical sound faithful to musical instrument sounds of a piano, a violin, etc.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a musical tone synthesizer in which the physical structure of an acoustic musical instrument is approximated by a digital electronic circuit.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, due to the progress of digital technology, many musical tone synthesizers have been developed which apply digital electronic circuits such as electronic pianos and synthesizers. Among them, there has been proposed a musical tone synthesizing device which is realized by analyzing a sounding mechanism of an acoustic musical instrument and replacing it with a digital electronic circuit (for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-174593, "Musical tone synthesizing device"). In the patent publication, a piano,
A tone synthesizer is disclosed in which the sounding mechanism of a stringed instrument such as a violin or a guitar is realized by a plurality of delay circuits and subtractors.

The above-described musical tone synthesizer will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram showing a sounding mechanism of strings of a stringed instrument such as a piano or a violin.

In FIG. 19, the string is supported at points A and C. The drive input is input to the point B by a performance operation such as striking or rubbing the strings, and the drive input propagates in the direction indicated by the dashed arrow. At points A and B, the propagated waveform is reflected (inverted) and returns to the direction of point B again. By repeating this operation, the string vibrates.

FIG. 20 is a block diagram of a conventional musical sound synthesizer. The block diagram shown in FIG. 20 is a simulation of the sounding mechanism of the strings of the stringed instrument shown in FIG. 19 using various circuit elements.

In FIG. 20, reference numeral 2001 denotes the waveform memory 2
An address generation unit that generates an address for 002 and reads the drive data stored in the waveform memory 2002. 2002 stores drive data (e.g., a force applied to a string when a hammer in a piano strikes the string). Waveform memory, 2003 is a delay circuit that delays the subtraction result of the subtractor 2006 by a predetermined time, 2004 is a delay circuit that delays the subtraction result of the subtractor 2005 by a predetermined time, 2
Reference numeral 005 is a subtractor for subtracting the drive data D from the data output from the delay circuit 2003, 2006 is a subtractor for subtracting the drive data D from the data output from the delay circuit 2004, and 2007 is a delay circuit 2003. A delay control circuit for controlling the delay operation, 2008 is a delay control circuit for controlling the delay operation of the delay circuit 2004, and 2009 is delay control circuits 2007, respectively for delay amount data M1, M2 corresponding to the delay time of the delay circuits 2003, 2004. 2008
A delay amount instruction circuit for instructing to, and 2010 is a filter simulating a resonator such as a piano soundboard.

FIG. 21 shows a circuit diagram of the address generation circuit 2001. In FIG. 21, reference numeral 2101 is a table for converting the pitch instruction data f into the step width ΔSTD of the address for the waveform memory 2002, and 2102 is the step width ΔSTD output from the table 2101 and the previous address value temporarily stored in the register 2103. 2103 is a register for temporarily storing an address value which is the addition result of the adder 2102, and 2104 is a value 1 for the address value which is the addition result of the adder 2102.
Alternatively, it is an adder that adds the value 0. The adder 21
The address value when the value 0 is added in 04 is AD
The address value when R1 and the value 1 are added is ADR2. The table 2101 determines the step width ΔSTD based on (Equation 1) using the pitch instruction data f as an address. Here, a supplementary description will be given regarding the table, and thereafter, a table based on various mathematical formulas will appear in each embodiment. These tables are for reading out the values of the variables to be output from the table by using the variables (pitch indication data f, etc.) input to the tables as addresses, and the characteristic curves based on the relational expressions of the respective mathematical expressions are stored in the memory in advance. It is supposed to be Now, the memory 2201 (see FIG. 22)
It is assumed that the drive data D stored in the reference data is sample data corresponding to the frequency of the composite data of 100 Hz. Therefore, when the pitch of 200 Hz is used as the synthetic data, the driving data is read from the memory 2201 by skipping one point (ΔSTD = 2).

[0008]

[Equation 1]

FIG. 22 is a circuit diagram of the waveform memory 2002. In FIG. 22, 2201 is a memory for storing drive data D, 2202 is a latch for holding drive data (corresponding to ADR1) read from the memory 2201, 2203 is drive data (corresponding to ADR2) read from the memory 2201. ) Holding a latch, 2204
Is a subtracter for subtracting the fractional part of the address value ADR1 from the value 1, 2205 is a multiplier for multiplying the drive data held by the latch 2202 and the subtraction result of the subtractor 2204, 2206 is held by the latch 2203 A multiplier for multiplying the driving data present and the fractional part of the address value, 22
An adder 07 adds the multiplication results of the multipliers 2205 and 2206.

The above processing is for performing linear interpolation calculation of the drive data corresponding to ADR1 and ADR2, and the interpolation calculation result is the drive data D as the subtractors 2005, 2 in FIG.
006.

FIG. 23 is a circuit diagram of the delay circuits 2003 and 2004. In FIG. 23, reference numeral 2301 is a memory (ring memory format) for temporarily storing input data, 2302 is a subtracter that subtracts the data read from the memory 2301 and the multiplication result of the multiplier 2306, and 2303 is a subtractor. A delay device for delaying the subtraction result of 2302 by one sampling time Ts, 2304 is a delay device 2
An adder 2305 for adding the data read from 303 and the multiplication result of the multiplier 2305 to the data read from the memory 2301 and the delay control circuit 200 of FIG.
20, the multiplier 2306 performs multiplication with the filter coefficient C designated by 7, 2008, and the addition result of the adder 2304 and FIG.
The delay control circuits 2007 and 2008 are multipliers that perform multiplication with the filter coefficient C. Note that in FIG. 23, the memory 2301 functions as a delay device that delays input data by M1 stages or M2 stages in units of one sampling time. The circuit excluding the memory 2301 is an all-pass filter 2307. The all-pass filter 2307 is for a minute time within one sampling time Ts for the data read from the memory 2301,
Acts as a delay device to delay.

FIG. 24 is a circuit diagram of the delay amount instruction circuit 2009. In FIG. 24, reference numeral 2401 denotes delay circuits 2003 and 20 of FIG.
04 and subtractors 2005 and 2006, a table for determining the number M of delay stages (the delay time divided by the sampling time Ts) of the entire loop, and 2403 multiplies the number of delay stages M by the driving position data d to perform multiplication. A multiplier 2404 for sending the result as delay amount data M1 to the delay control circuit 2007 of FIG. 20 is a delay stage number M and a subtractor 2402.
20 is a multiplier that multiplies with the subtraction result (1-d) of and outputs the multiplication result as delay amount data M2 to the delay control circuit 2008 of FIG. The drive position data d is shown in FIG.
This corresponds to the ratio of AB to the total length AC of the string at, and the value of the driving position data d is 0.5 when the center of the string is driven. The table 2401 is for reading the number of delay stages M based on (Equation 2) using the pitch instruction data f as an address.

[0013]

[Equation 2]

FIG. 25 shows delay control circuits 2007 and 2008.
2 is a circuit diagram of FIG. In FIG. 25, 2501
Is a pronunciation start flag kon generated by pressing a key such as a keyboard.
23. The counter 2502 is reset by, and then increments the write address at the generation timing of the system clock SCK (generated at the interval of the sampling time Ts), and 2502 is the entire word length MAX_ADR of the memory 2301 in FIG. 23 (for example, 2048 steps). ) And the integer part int (M1) of the delay amount data M1 or M2,
A subtracter 2503 that performs a subtraction with int (M2) adds a write address and a subtraction result of the subtractor 2502 and uses the addition result as a read address to delay circuit 2003.
An adder for sending to 2004, 2504 for delay amount data M
Fractional part frac (M1), frac of 1 or M2
Based on (M2), the delay circuits 2003 and 2 shown in FIG.
It is a table which determines the value of the filter coefficient C1 or C2 of 004. It should be noted that the table 2504 is the frac (M
1) and frac (M2) are used as addresses to read the filter coefficients C1 and C2 based on (Equation 3).

[0015]

[Equation 3]

The operation of the musical sound synthesizer configured as described above will be described below.

First, in FIG. 20, a tone generation start flag kon is generated by pressing a key such as a keyboard. At this timing, the address generation circuit 2001 starts addressing of the memory 2201 in the waveform memory 2002. The address step width ΔSTD is determined by the table 2101 executing (Equation 1). This step width △ STD
Are added up by the adder 2102 and the register 2103, and the address ADR1 is determined by adding the value 0 to the accumulation result by the adder 2104, and ADR2 is determined by adding the value 1 to the accumulation result. It The addresses ADR1 and ADR2 are sent to the waveform memory 2002 (memory 2201), and the drive data D1 and D2 stored at the addresses corresponding to the values of the integer part of each address.
Is read. Then, based on the fractional value frac (ADR1) of the address ADR1, the interpolation operation shown in (Equation 4) is executed by the circuit excluding the memory 2201 in FIG. 22 to determine the drive data D.

[0018]

[Equation 4]

The driving data D is subtracted from the subtractors 2005 and 2006.
Is input to the delay circuits 2003 and 2004 and the subtractor 2
Data corresponding to the vibration of the string is generated by circulating the loop circuit composed of 005 and 2006. Then, this data is sent to the filter 2010 and subjected to filtering processing close to the characteristics of a resonator such as a piano soundboard to obtain synthetic data. Note that this circulation operation corresponds to the vibration operation of the strings shown in FIG. 19, and the path propagated from point B to point A is shown in FIG.
0 corresponds to the path from the subtractor 2006 to the subtractor 2005 via the delay circuit 2003, and the path propagating from the point B to the point C is from the subtractor 2005 to the delay circuit 2004.
Corresponds to the path to the subtractor 2006 via. Now, another conventional tone synthesizer (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-96000).
According to this, the delay loop of the tone synthesizer shown in FIG.
Disclosed is a tone synthesizer capable of controlling a nonharmonic overtone component of tone data by inserting a phase shifter (all-pass filter) in a circuit of a circulation system constituted by 5, 2006 and controlling the filter coefficient of this phase shifter. ing.
This tone synthesizer utilizes the characteristic that the phase shift amount (phase delay time) of the phase shifter increases as the frequency increases, making it possible to more faithfully realize vibration propagation in a rigid body such as vibration caused by a hard string such as a piano. , It is possible to obtain a metallic synthetic sound.

[0020]

However, with the above configuration, it is not possible to simulate the interference operation between the soundboard of the piano or the body of the violin and the strings, so that synthetic data more faithful to the original sound can be obtained. I couldn't get it. In addition, when the phase shift amount of the phase shifter is controlled, the pitch (the phase shift amount of the fundamental frequency component) also changes. Further, since it is not disclosed how to obtain the value of the drive data stored in the memory 2201 in the waveform memory 2002, it is not possible to obtain the synthetic data faithful to the original sound.

In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a soundboard and a body,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a musical tone synthesizer capable of simulating an interference operation with a string and obtaining synthetic data faithful to an original sound.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a musical tone synthesizer capable of controlling anharmonic overtone components of a synthetic tone without changing the pitch.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a musical sound analysis device for extracting the value of drive data from the original sound of an acoustic musical instrument such as a piano or a violin.

Further, by combining an analysis device for extracting the value of the driving data from the original sound of an acoustic musical instrument such as a piano or a violin and a musical sound synthesizing device using the driving data, it is possible to obtain synthetic data faithful to the original sound. It is intended to provide an analysis and synthesis apparatus.

[0025]

In order to achieve this object, the tone synthesizer of the present invention comprises a delay loop which is an equivalent circuit of strings, a digital filter which is an equivalent circuit of a soundboard or a body, and a delay loop. It has a subtractor inserted in it.

The tone synthesizer of the present invention further comprises a delay loop which is an equivalent circuit of strings, a phase shifter inserted in the delay loop, and a phase shift control circuit for controlling the amount of phase shift of the phase shifter. A delay amount control circuit for controlling the delay time length of the delay loop according to the phase shift amount of the phase shifter is provided.

Further, the musical tone analyzing apparatus of the present invention has the reverse transfer characteristic of the musical tone synthesizing apparatus simulating the sounding mechanism of the musical instrument, the driving data extracting circuit for extracting the driving data from the original sound, and the synthesizing of the musical tone synthesizing apparatus. The parameter detection device for determining the value of the parameter used in the above from the actual performance of the musical instrument or the original sound and setting it in the drive data extraction circuit is provided.

Further, the musical tone analyzing / synthesizing apparatus of the present invention comprises the musical tone analyzing apparatus, a musical tone synthesizing apparatus simulating a sounding mechanism of a musical instrument, and a transfer circuit for transferring drive data extracted by the musical tone analyzing apparatus to the musical tone synthesizing apparatus. It is a thing.

[0029]

With the above structure, the digital filter, which is the equivalent circuit of the soundboard or the body, corresponds to the vibration of the soundboard or the body, based on the data corresponding to the vibration of the string output by the delay loop, which is the equivalent circuit of the string. The synthetic data is generated, the subtractor subtracts the vibration data from the synthetic data, and the subtraction result is fed back to the delay loop, thereby simulating the interference action between the soundboard and the body and the strings.

Further, when the phase shift control circuit controls the phase shift of the phase shifter, the delay amount control circuit detects the phase shift amount of the fundamental frequency, and the delay time corresponding to the detected shift amount is set to the delay time length of the delay loop. The value corrected by subtracting from is controlled as the delay time of the new delay loop.

Further, the parameter detection device obtains a parameter value used for synthesis from the actual performance of the musical instrument or the original sound, and the drive data extraction circuit extracts the drive data based on the parameter value and the original sound of the musical instrument.

Further, the transfer circuit transfers the driving data extracted by the musical tone analyzing apparatus to the musical tone synthesizing apparatus to generate synthetic data using this driving data.

[0033]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the arrangement of a musical sound synthesizer according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, 101 is a filter corresponding to an equivalent circuit of a soundboard or a body,
Reference numeral 102 denotes a multiplier that multiplies the combined data output from the filter 101 by the feedback gain K, and 103 denotes a subtractor that subtracts the subtraction result of the subtractor 2005 and the multiplication result of the multiplier 102. The other components are the same as those of the conventional tone synthesizer shown in FIG.

FIG. 2A is a circuit diagram of the filter 101. In FIG. 2A, 201 is a multiplier that multiplies the subtraction result of the subtractor 2005 and the filter coefficient e, 202
Is a delay device that delays the multiplication result in the multiplier 201 by one sampling time Ts, 203 is a multiplier that multiplies the data input from the delay device 202 and the filter coefficient −d, and 204 is a multiplication result in the multiplier 203. An adder 205 for performing addition with the multiplication result in the multiplier 201;
Is an adder that adds the multiplication result of the multiplier 206 and the addition result of the adder 204, and 206 is the delay unit 21.
A multiplier that multiplies the data input from 0 by the filter coefficient -c, an adder 207 that adds the addition result of the adder 205 and the multiplication result of the multiplier 209,
Reference numeral 208 is a delay device that delays the addition result of the adder 207 by one sampling time Ts, and 209 is a delay device 20.
8 is a multiplier that multiplies the data input from 8 by the filter coefficient b; 210 is a delay device that delays the data input from the delay device 208 by one sampling time Ts;
1 is a multiplier that multiplies the data input from the multiplier 201 by the value −1/2, 212 is the addition result of the multiplication in the multiplier 211 and the addition result in the adder 207, and the addition result is the combined data. It is an adder that outputs.

FIG. 2B is an analog equivalent circuit of a soundboard of a piano or a body of a violin. However, since it is assumed here that the soundboard and body are resonators that have only one resonance mode, they are composed of one coil and capacitor.
A tapping test on the soundboard and body also showed that the vibration was attenuated over time, so resistance was added. In FIG. 2B, 220 is a coil that determines the mass of the soundboard or the body, 221 is a resistor that determines the damping of the vibration of the soundboard or the body, and 222 is a capacitor that determines the restoring force of the vibration of the soundboard or the body. Is. The digital equivalent of the analog equivalent circuit of FIG. 2B is the filter 10 shown in FIG.
2 is a circuit diagram of FIG. The differential equation (s domain) of the analog equivalent circuit of FIG. Also, (Equation 5)
Is converted into an equation in the z domain by applying the impulse invariant method to Equation (6).

[0037]

[Equation 5]

[0038]

[Equation 6]

The circuit shown in FIG. 2A is obtained by converting the equation shown in (Equation 6) into a circuit. The resonance frequency can be changed by controlling L and C, that is, controlling the filter coefficients b, -c, -d and e. It should be noted that L and C are actual physical quantities normalized by the sampling cycle Ts. The input to the circuit of FIG. 2 (A) corresponds to the driving force from the string and is represented by V ⁺ ,
The output corresponds to the vibration velocity at the joint between the soundboard or the body and the string, and is represented by I.

The operation of the tone synthesizer according to the first embodiment of the present invention constructed as above will be described below.

First, in FIG. 1, the drive data D is input to the subtractors 2005 and 2006 in the same manner as in the conventional tone synthesizer. Then, a delay loop that is an equivalent circuit of the strings, that is, delay circuits 2003 and 2004 and a subtractor 200
By circulating the drive data D in the circuit of the circulation system constituted by 5, 2006, 103, the operation corresponding to the vibration of the string is simulated. The part where the vibration of the string is transmitted to the soundboard and the body corresponds to the output part of the subtractor 2005,
From here, data is input to the filter 101 corresponding to the soundboard or the body. In the filter 101, filtering corresponding to the resonance characteristic peculiar to the soundboard or the body is performed, and the filtered data is output as synthetic data. The output of the subtractor 2005 corresponds to V ⁺ . On the other hand, the combined data is fed back to the multiplier 102. Here, a delay loop or delay circuit 2003, 20
04 and the subtractors 2005, 2006 and 103 are used in the circuit of the circulatory system by a method using a difference equation that is generally used in forming an equivalent circuit of a model that propagates vibrations of a string, a transmission line, or an acoustic tube. It has been derived (known for identifying vocal tract models for speech synthesis). In the equivalent circuit of the string derived by the method using the difference equation, the force acting at any coordinate point of the string (for example, points A, B, and C in FIG. 19) propagates that point in the rightward direction in FIG. It can be expressed as the sum of the force and the force propagating in the leftward direction. Generally, when the former (rightward) force is a traveling wave, the latter force is called a backward wave, and in this embodiment, V ⁺ and V ⁻ , respectively.
Shall be represented by. The relationship between V ⁺ and V ⁻ is (Equation 7) at an arbitrary point (for example, point C in FIG. 19, the output portion of the subtractor 2005 in FIG. 1). It should be noted that I in (Equation 7) corresponds to the velocity of the chord at that point.

[0042]

[Equation 7]

A circuit that realizes the relational expression of (Equation 7) is a multiplier 102 and a subtractor 103, and the synthetic data fed back from the filter 101 corresponding to the soundboard or the body by these circuits is converted into a string. Fill in the model. This operation corresponds to the interference operation between the soundboard or the body and the strings.

As described above, according to this embodiment, the multiplier 1
02 and the subtractor 103 combine the synthetic data corresponding to the vibration of the soundboard or the body with a delay loop which is a model of a string, that is, delay circuits 2003 and 2004 and subtractors 2005 and 2006.
Since it is fed back to the circuit of the circulation system constituted by 103, even a sound board or the interference operation of the body and the strings can be simulated, and a musical sound faithful to an acoustic musical instrument sound such as a piano or a violin can be synthesized.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a musical sound synthesizer according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The tone synthesizer shown in FIG. 3 is an improvement of the structure of the delay loop corresponding to the string model of the tone synthesizer shown in FIG.
In FIG. 3, reference numeral 301 denotes drive data D and delay circuit 200.
A subtractor for performing subtraction with the data read from
Reference numeral 2 denotes an adder for adding the subtraction result of the subtractor 301 and the data read from the delay circuit 303. Reference numeral 303 denotes an adder 30 after delaying the subtraction result of the subtractor 103 by a predetermined time.
2 is a delay circuit for sending to 2, and 304 is a delay circuit 200
3 is a delay amount instruction circuit that determines the delay times of 3,303. The other components are the same as those of the musical sound synthesizer of FIG. The delay amount instruction circuit 304 executes (Equation 8) based on the pitch instruction data f and the driving position data d.

[0046]

[Equation 8]

The delay circuit 303 is equivalent to a circuit in which the delay circuits 2003 and 2004 of the musical tone synthesizer of FIG. 1 are cascade-connected. That is, the delay time of the delay circuit 303 is the delay time M of each of the delay circuits 2003 and 2004.
It corresponds to the sum of 1, M2.

The operation of the tone synthesizer according to the second embodiment of the present invention constructed as above will be described below. Since the basic operation is similar to that of the musical sound synthesizer of FIG. 1, only the differences from that will be described.
The delay circuits 2003 and 2004 and the subtractor 20 in FIG.
The circuit of the circulation system composed of 05, 2006 and 103 is
Compared with the circuit composed of the delay unit 2003, the subtractor 301, the delay circuit 303, the adder 302, and the subtractor 103 in FIG. 3, the data sent to the filter 101 is the same although the configuration is different. However, the circuit configuration of the delay amount instruction circuit 304 of FIG. 3 is simpler than that of the delay amount instruction circuit 2009 of FIG. While the delay amount instruction circuit 2009 executes (Equation 9), the delay amount instruction circuit 30
4 is for executing (Equation 8).

[0049]

[Equation 9]

Comparing (Equation 8) and (Equation 9), it can be seen that the process of the delay amount instruction circuit 304, that is, the circuit configuration is simpler.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the interference operation between the soundboard or the body and the strings can be simulated with a simpler circuit structure than that of the first embodiment, and it is possible to simulate a piano or a violin. It is possible to synthesize a musical sound that is faithful to the acoustic musical instrument sound.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the arrangement of a musical sound synthesizer according to the third embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 4, 401 is a waveform memory in which the subtraction result of the subtractor 301 of the musical sound synthesizer of FIG. 3 is stored in advance. The other blocks are similar to those of the musical sound synthesizer of FIG.

The operation of the musical sound synthesizing apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention constructed as above will be described below. Since the basic operation is the same as that of the musical sound synthesizer of FIG. 3, only the difference from that will be described.
The difference is that the waveform memory 2002 stores the drive data, that is, the vibration itself given to the strings by the hammer in the case of a piano, whereas the waveform memory 401 shows the drive input given by the hammer to the strings in FIG. The input propagates in the direction of the point A, is reflected at the point A (including the inversion operation), and is again B
The thing including the vibration returning to the point shall be memorized. That is, in the tone synthesizer of FIG.
It is assumed that the waveform memory 401 stores the data that is the result of subtraction.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the interference operation between the soundboard or the body and the strings can be simulated with a simpler circuit structure than the first and second embodiments, and the piano or the violin can be simulated. It is possible to synthesize a musical sound faithful to an acoustic musical instrument sound such as.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the musical sound synthesizer in the fourth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 5, 501 is an equivalent circuit of a string, and 502 is pitch instruction data f.
The feedback amount control circuit determines the value of the feedback gain K based on The other blocks are the same as those of the musical sound synthesizer of FIG. The string equivalent circuit 501 is a delay circuit 2003, 2004 and a subtractor 2005 in the tone synthesis apparatus of FIG.
A circuit of a circulation system constituted by 2006 and 103 may be used. In addition, the delay unit 2003 and the subtractor 30 in FIG.
1 may be used instead of the delay circuit 303, the adder 302 and the subtractor 103, or the circuit including the delay circuit 303, the adder 302 and the subtractor 103 in FIG. Generally, in the case of a piano, the type of string driven by the keyboard position (pitch), that is, the string tension T and the cotton density σ
Is different, the value of the feedback gain K is different (see (Equation 7)). The feedback amount control circuit 502 is a table that determines the value of the feedback gain K according to the pitch, and determines the value of the feedback gain K based on the relationship shown in (Table 1). These values are calculated from the measured values of the string tension T and the cotton density σ based on (Equation 7), and are based on the MKS unit system.

[0056]

[Table 1]

The operation of the tone synthesizer according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention constructed as above will be described below. Since the basic operation is the same as that of the musical sound synthesizer of FIG. 1, only the differences from it will be described. First, by pressing a key on the keyboard or the like, the pitch indication data f corresponding to the position of the keyboard is input to the feedback amount control circuit 502 as a table address value, and the value of the feedback gain K is read with reference to the table shown in (Table 1). , To the multiplier 102. The multiplier 102 feeds back the feedback data according to the value of the feedback gain K to the equivalent circuit 501 of the string.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the feedback amount control circuit 502 controls the value of the feedback gain K in accordance with the pitch, so that the pitch and the kind of string are acoustic, which is particularly the case of a piano. In a musical instrument, it is possible to simulate an interfering action between a soundboard, a body and a string according to a pitch.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing the arrangement of a musical sound synthesizer according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 6, reference numeral 601 denotes a feedback amount control circuit that determines the value of the feedback gain K from the string number information such as which string has been suppressed by an input device such as a guitar type. The other blocks are similar to those of the musical sound synthesizer of FIG. The feedback amount control circuit 602 is a table for reading the value of the feedback gain K using the string number information as an address.

The operation of the tone synthesizer according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention constructed as above will be described below. Since the basic operation is the same as that of the musical sound synthesizer of FIG. 5, only the differences from it will be described. Unlike pianos, guitars and violins may play different strings even with the same pitch. For example, the first in the guitar
E ₄ (329.6
A sound of 3 Hz) is produced, but a sound of E ₄ (329.63 Hz) is also produced when the fifth fret of the second string is held down. Since the values of tension and cotton density are different between the first string and the second string, the degree of coupling between the strings and the body (value of the feedback gain K) is different, which also affects the difference in timbre. The feedback amount control circuit 601 sends the value of the feedback gain K to the multiplier 102 based on the string number determined by a pressure sensor or the like mounted on the fingerboard (for each string) of the guitar type input device.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the feedback amount control circuit 601 controls the value of the feedback gain K based on the string number information indicating which string is pressed by an input device such as a guitar type. For acoustic instruments such as guitars and violins that do not have a one-to-one correspondence between pitch and string type, the interference operation between the soundboard, the body and the strings is switched according to the type of string that can be pressed even with the same pitch, that is, You can make a difference.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing the arrangement of a musical sound synthesizer according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 7, reference numeral 701 is a table for determining the length L and the cotton density σ of the string based on the string number information such as which string is held by an input device such as a guitar type, and 702 is a pitch indication data f and a table 701. String length L output by
It is a feedback amount control circuit that determines the feedback gain K based on and the cotton density σ. The other blocks are similar to those of the musical sound synthesizer of FIG. The feedback amount control circuit 702 is a table for determining the value of the feedback gain K based on the relationship shown in (Equation 10).

[0063]

[Equation 10]

The operation of the tone synthesizer according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention constructed as above will be described below. Since the basic operation is the same as that of the musical sound synthesizer of FIG. 6, only the differences from it will be described. Especially when playing the guitar, pull the strings with your fingers (choking)
This often causes the pitch to be slightly higher. This is because the pitch T is increased because the string tension T is increased. When the tension T is changed, the interference action between the body and the string is changed according to the change of the pitch (Equation 10), and as a result, the tone color is also changed. In order to realize this action, the table 701 detects the length L of the string and the cotton density σ from the input device, and the feedback amount control circuit 702 calculates the (number of characters) based on the pitch instruction data f, the length L of the string and the cotton density σ. The value of the feedback gain K is determined by executing 10).

As described above, according to this embodiment, the detection circuit 701 determines the length L and the cotton density σ of the string based on the string number information indicating which fret of which string is pressed by an input device such as a guitar type. Determine and feedback amount control circuit 702
Controls the value of the feedback gain K according to the string length L and the cotton density σ, so especially for acoustic instruments such as guitars and violins where the pitch and string type do not correspond one-to-one, choking etc. By changing the interference operation between the soundboard, the body, and the strings according to how the strings are held down, it is possible to realize a timbre change according to the performance.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing the arrangement of a musical sound synthesizer according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 8, 801, 802 and 803 are equivalent circuits of strings, 804 and
805 and 806 are equivalent circuits 801 and 8 of synthesized data and strings.
02, 803 is a multiplier for multiplying feedback gains K1, K2, K3, and 807 is a string equivalent circuit 801, 802, 80
3 is an accumulator that performs cumulative addition of the data transmitted from the device 3. The other blocks are the same as those of the musical sound synthesizer of FIG. The equivalent circuits 801, 802 and 803 of the strings are shown in FIG.
It is also possible to use a circuit of a circulation system composed of the delay circuits 2003, 2004 and the subtractors 2005, 2006, 103 in the tone synthesis apparatus. In addition, the delay device 2 in FIG.
003, subtractor 301, delay circuit 303, and adder 302
And a subtractor 103, or a circuit including the delay circuit 303, the adder 302, and the subtractor 103 in FIG. 4 may be used. The musical sound synthesizer shown in FIG. 8 simulates an operation in which the vibrations of each string resonate through the soundboard when a plurality of (three in this case) strings are placed on the soundboard of the piano. is there. The resonance behavior of each string in a guitar or a violin can be similarly simulated.

The operation of the musical tone synthesizing apparatus according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention constructed as above will be described below. First, the tone generation start flag kon1 is set in the string equivalent circuit 801 by pressing a key on the keyboard or the like to start the processing. It is also assumed that the pitch instruction data f1, f2, f3 are set in the equivalent circuits 801, 802, 803 of the pre-stringed strings. The string equivalent circuit 801 sends data corresponding to the vibration of the string to the accumulator 807. The accumulator 807 filters the data corresponding to the accumulation result, that is, the driving force to the soundboard (which can be regarded as the combined force of the driving forces from the respective strings, but in this case, the driving force of only the equivalent circuit 801 of the strings). 101, and the filter 101 outputs a vibration waveform (composite data) according to the driving force. The combined data is the multipliers 804 and 8
Returned to 05,806, the term on the left side of (Equation 7),
That is, KI is calculated, and the equivalent circuits 801 and 8 of the strings are respectively calculated.
Returned to 02,803. The string equivalent circuits 802 and 803 also start outputting data corresponding to the vibration of the string to the accumulator 807 by the returned data. The equivalent circuit of the string 8
The string vibrations simulated by 02 and 803 correspond to minute vibrations obtained only from the soundboard vibrations.
Then, the accumulation result of the accumulator 807 is returned to the filter 10 again.
1. It is fed back to the equivalent circuits 801, 802, 803 of the strings via the multipliers 804, 805, 806.

As described above, according to this embodiment, the accumulator sends the sum of the vibrations of the strings output by the string equivalent circuits 801, 802, 803 to the filter 101, and the filter 101 vibrates the soundboard. The data (composite data) corresponding to
Equivalent circuit 801,8 of the string via 04,805,806
Since it returns to 02,803, it is possible to realize an operation in which each string through the soundboard and the body resonates with each other like a piano or a violin.

FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing the arrangement of a musical sound synthesizer according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 9, 901 is a phase shifter that shifts the phase of the combined data that is the addition result of the adder 302, and 902 is the phase shifter 9 based on the pitch instruction data f and the phase shift amount instruction data J.
A phase shifter control circuit that determines the filter coefficient K of 01 and sends the delay amount correction data H to the delay amount instruction circuit 903, and 903 determines the delay time of the delay circuit 303 based on the pitch instruction data f and the delay amount correction data H. Is a delay amount instruction circuit for generating delay amount data. The other blocks are the same as those of the musical sound synthesizer of FIG.

FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram of the phase shifter 901. This circuit has exactly the same circuit configuration as the all-pass filter 2307 shown in FIG.

FIG. 11 is a circuit diagram of the phase shifter control circuit 902. In FIG. 11, 1101 is a table for determining the filter coefficient K based on the pitch instruction data f and the phase shift amount instruction data J, and 1102 is a table for determining the delay amount correction data H based on the pitch instruction data f and the filter coefficient K. . In the table 1101, the relationship shown in (Equation 11) is established among the pitch instruction data f, the phase shift amount instruction data J, and the filter coefficient K.

[0072]

[Equation 11]

Further, in the table 1102, the relationship shown in (Equation 12) is established among the pitch instruction data f, the filter coefficient K and the delay amount correction data H.

[0074]

[Equation 12]

FIG. 12 is a circuit diagram of the delay amount instruction circuit 903. In FIG. 12, reference numeral 1201 is a subtracter for subtracting the delay amount correction data H from the data read from the table 2401. Other blocks are shown in Figure 24.
This is the same as the conventional tone synthesizer. Table 2
The data read from 401 corresponds to the number M of delay stages of the entire delay loop including the delay circuit 303, the phase shifter 901, and the adder 302.

FIG. 13 shows the degree of anharmonicity of the composite data. The horizontal axis represents the order of each frequency component of the composite data, the vertical axis represents the deviation of the harmonic content, and the unit is cent. The solid line shows the characteristic when the phase shift amount instruction data J is 0.001, and the broken line shows the characteristic when the phase amount instruction data J is 0.01. Supplementing a little, when the value of the phase shift amount instruction data J is very close to 0, the phase shifter 90
1 acts as a delay device that delays by the same delay time (that is, a linear phase) regardless of the frequency of the input data, but the value of the phase shift amount instruction data J is 0.001.
When it becomes a value of the order such as, it cannot be regarded as a linear phase. Particularly, the higher the frequency, the larger the phase shift amount, that is, the delay time amount, and the value of the phase shift amount instruction data J is 0.0.
When it is 01, as shown in FIG. 13, when the partial number is 8 (frequency component of 8 times the frequency f of the combined data), a shift of about 20 cents occurs. It is known that the piano sound has a nonharmonic harmonic relationship in the spectral structure, but in FIG. 13, the value of the phase shift amount instruction data J is 0.0.
It is quite close to the characteristics of 01. Such a phase shifter 901
Although there has been proposed a tone synthesizer for forming anharmonic overtones by using, when the anharmonic overtones are formed by using the phase shifter 901 as described in the description of the conventional example, the fundamental frequency f of the synthesized data is also Change. The amount of change is represented by delay amount correction data H.

The operation of the tone synthesizer according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention constructed as above will be described below. Since the basic operation is similar to that of the musical sound synthesizer of FIG. 3, only the difference will be described. The table 1101 in the phase shifter control circuit 902 generates the filter coefficient K based on the values of the pitch instruction data f and the phase shift amount instruction data J, and sends it to the phase shifter 901. The phase shifter 901 has a phase characteristic that the synthesized data forms an inharmonic harmonic according to the value of the phase shift amount instruction data J, but the fundamental frequency of the synthesized data is lower than the value indicated by the pitch instruction data f. This is because the total number of delay stages of the delay loop configured by the delay circuit 303, the phase shifter 901 and the adder 302 is M + H, and the phase shifter 90
It becomes longer by the number H of delay stages. The subtracter 1201 in the delay control circuit 903 is a circuit for setting the total number of delay stages of the delay loop to M by subtracting the number of H stages from the number of delay stages M from the delay circuit 303 in advance.

As described above, according to this embodiment, when the phase shift control circuit 902 controls the phase shift amount of the phase shifter 901, the delay amount control circuit 903 controls the number of delay stages corresponding to the phase shift amount of the fundamental frequency. That is, the delay amount correction data H
The number of delay stages of the delay loop can be maintained at M by subtracting the minute from the number of delay stages M + H of the delay loop. That is, the anharmonic overtone component of the synthetic sound can be controlled without changing the pitch.

FIG. 14 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the musical sound analyzing apparatus according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 14, 1401 is a drive data extraction device for extracting drive data D based on the original sound waveform of a piano, violin, or the like, and 1
Reference numeral 402 denotes a parameter detection device that monitors the performance state of the musical instrument when recording the original sound (for example, which position on the string is hit to generate the sound) and detects parameters such as the drive position data d. Drive data extraction circuit 1401
Is a circuit that describes the inverse function of the musical sound synthesizer, that is, the inverse function of the transfer function when drive data is input and synthetic data is output. Taking the tone synthesizer shown in FIG. 20 as an example, the delay circuits 2003, 2004 and the source calculator 2005,
In the delay loop configured by 2006, if the driving data is input X and the combined data is output Y (Equation 13)
A transfer function as shown in can be described. The inverse function in this case is as shown in (Expression 14), and the drive data extraction circuit 1401 is a circuitized version of (Expression 14).

[0080]

[Equation 13]

[0081]

[Equation 14]

The parameter detecting device 1402 is a device for detecting the playing condition of the musical instrument when the original sound waveform is recorded, and for example, the contact condition between the hammer and the strings is recorded in a photograph when the piano key is pressed (see FIG. 19). A method of detecting the driving position data d by actually measuring the distance between AC and the distance between AB can be considered.

The operation of the musical sound analysis apparatus according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention having the above-described structure will be described below. First, the piano and violin record the original sound waveform of which instrument as digital data,
At the time of recording, the parameter detection device 1402 monitors the playing state of the musical instrument and detects the driving position data d. Then, the detected drive position data d is transferred to the drive data extraction device 1401 and the transfer functions of H (z) and G (z) in (Equation 13) are determined to determine the transfer function of (Equation 14).
The drive data extraction device 1401 performs inverse filtering on the recorded original sound waveform according to (Equation 14) to extract drive data D. In this embodiment, the pitch is treated as a known amount, but the parameter detection device 1402 is used.
May be detected by. Also, the drive data extraction device 1
When 401 is an inverse function of a more complicated tone synthesizer, that is, when the parameters of the tone synthesizer have many parameters in addition to the driving position data d, the parameter detector 1402 determines the values of all those parameters. It should be detected.

As described above, according to this embodiment, the parameter detecting device 1402 detects the playing state of the musical instrument (parameter value such as the driving position of the string) when the original sound waveform is recorded,
The drive data extraction device uses the detected value to drive data D
Drive data D that is faithful to the original sound waveform
Is obtained and synthesized by using this drive data D, the timbre change due to the parameter value can be made faithful to the actual change of the musical instrument.

FIG. 15 is a block diagram showing the structure of the musical sound analysis apparatus according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 15, reference numeral 1501 denotes a parameter extraction circuit for extracting the value of a parameter such as the driving position of a string based on the original sound waveform of a piano or a violin. Other blocks are shown in Figure 14.
This is the same as that of the musical sound analysis device. Parameter extraction circuit 15
Reference numeral 01 is a circuit for automatically obtaining the value of a parameter such as the drive position data d by directly measuring the playing state of the musical instrument, but by automatically analyzing the original sound waveform.

FIG. 16 is a waveform diagram showing each data when pulse drive data is input to the synthesis system which is the basis of the drive data extraction circuit 1401, that is, the musical tone synthesizer shown in FIG. In FIG. 16, the upper part shows the waveform of the drive data D,
The middle stage is the output waveform of the delay circuit 2003, and the lower stage is the subtractor 20.
It is the waveform of the subtraction result of 05. From this figure, subtracter 200
The waveform of 5 is the waveform of drive data D and the waveform of drive data D
It can be seen that the waveforms that are delayed by M1 * Ts and inverted are superimposed. This superposition is established regardless of the waveform shape of the drive data D.

FIG. 17 shows a correlation characteristic diagram in which the waveform of the subtraction result of the subtractor 2005 shown in FIG. 16 is autocorrelated. In this figure, when the total length of the horizontal axis is 1, a minimum value appears at a distance d from the left. At this point, the waveform of the subtraction result of the subtractor 2005 in FIG.
It can be seen that it is a minimum value that occurs when shifted, and d is the ratio of M1 to M (sum of delay times of delay circuits 2004 and 2005). That is, the drive position data d is determined from FIG.

The operation of the musical tone analyzing apparatus of the tenth embodiment of the present invention having the above-described structure will be described below. First, the parameter extraction circuit 1501 autocorrelates the original sound waveform of a musical instrument such as a piano or a violin. The piano and the violin also generate sound by driving the position of the strings (except for AC) as shown in FIG. For example, when the point B is driven, the sound waveform is a waveform in which the drive input propagates to the point C and is output, and the waveform of the sound reflected from the point A and propagates to the point C to be output are superimposed. Therefore, it can be considered that two time waveforms are overlapped, as shown in the lower part of FIG. 16, and by taking autocorrelation with the original sound waveform of the piano or the violin,
A correlation value as shown in FIG. 17 (the distance d to the minimum value of the correlation value is the ratio of the distance between AB to the distance between AC).
Is obtained. The parameter extraction circuit 1501 sets the minimum value as the drive position data d, and the drive data extraction circuit 140
Send to 1. The drive data extraction circuit 1401 extracts drive data D based on the original sound waveform and the drive position data d.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the parameter extraction circuit 1501 extracts the drive position data d based on the original sound waveform, and the drive data extraction device 140 is used by using this value.
Since 1 extracts the drive data D, even if the performance state at the time of recording the original sound waveform is not known, the drive data D faithful to the original sound waveform can be obtained. It is possible to make the timbre change due to the timbre faithful to the change of the actual musical instrument.

FIG. 18 is a block diagram showing the structure of the analysis / synthesis apparatus according to the eleventh embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 18, reference numeral 1801 denotes a musical tone analyzing apparatus as shown in FIG. 14 or FIG. 15, 1802 denotes drive data transfer for transferring the driving data D extracted by the musical tone analyzing apparatus 1801 to a memory (RAM or the like) in the musical tone synthesizing apparatus 1803. Device, 180
Reference numeral 3 is a musical sound synthesizer. The musical tone synthesizer is shown in FIG.
1 to 8 of the conventional musical sound synthesizer and the present invention as shown in FIG.
In the musical tone synthesizer as shown in the embodiment of FIG. 7, the drive data extraction circuit 1401 in the musical tone analyzer 1801 must be a circuit corresponding to the musical tone synthesizer 1803. That is, the drive data extraction circuit 1401 needs to be the inverse function of the transfer function when the drive data D is input and the composite data is output in the musical sound synthesizer 1803. The drive data transfer circuit 1802 can be realized by a microcomputer or the like, and performs an operation of writing the drive data D that has been taken in to a memory in the musical sound synthesizer 1803 by DMA transfer or the like.

The operation of the analysis-synthesis apparatus according to the eleventh embodiment of the present invention constructed as above will be described below. First, the musical tone analyzer 1801 analyzes the original sound waveform of a musical instrument such as a piano or a violin, and extracts the value of the drive data D. The drive data transfer circuit 1802 transfers the extracted drive data D to the memory in the musical sound synthesizer 1803. The musical sound synthesizer 1803 obtains desired synthesized data based on the transferred drive data. The tone analysis device 1801 and the tone synthesis device 1803 are, for example, (Equation 1
3) and the inverse function relationship shown in (Equation 14), the combined data has the same time waveform as the original sound waveform.

As described above, according to this embodiment, the musical tone analyzer 1801 extracts the drive data D obtained by analyzing the original sound waveform, and the drive data transfer circuit 1802 extracts the drive data D from the musical tone synthesizer 1803. The musical sound synthesizer 1803 transfers and stores it in the internal memory, and the drive data D
Since the synthesis is performed using, it is possible to obtain synthetic data that is faithful to the original sound waveform, and since the musical sound analysis device 1801 performs analysis based on the accurate value of the drive position data d,
It is possible to realize a timbre change faithful to a timbre change due to a drive position change in an actual musical instrument.

[0093]

As described above, according to the present invention, the circulation system including the first subtractor, the second subtractor, the third subtractor, the first delay circuit, and the second delay circuit. The equivalent circuit of the string which is the circuit of generates the vibration data of the string corresponding to the vibration of the string,
On the other hand, a filter simulating a soundboard or a body generates synthetic data corresponding to the vibration of the soundboard or the body, and the multiplier and the third subtractor feed the synthetic data back to the equivalent circuit of the string, thereby Interference between the plate and the body and the strings is simulated, and it is possible to obtain musical sounds that are faithful to the sounds of musical instruments such as piano and violin.

Also, the first adder, the first subtractor, and the second
The equivalent circuit of the string, which is the circuit of the circulation system composed of the subtractor of the first delay circuit and the first delay circuit and the second delay circuit, generates the vibration data of the string corresponding to the vibration of the string. The simulated filter generates synthetic data corresponding to the vibration of the soundboard or the body, and the multiplier and the third subtractor feed the synthetic data back to the equivalent circuit of the string, which results in a simpler circuit configuration. Interference between the plate and the body and the strings is simulated, and it is possible to obtain musical sounds that are faithful to the sounds of musical instruments such as piano and violin.

A string equivalent circuit, which is a circuit of a circulation system composed of an adder and a delay circuit, generates string vibration data corresponding to the string vibration, while a filter simulating a soundboard or a body is used. Generates synthetic data corresponding to the vibration of the soundboard or the body, and the multiplier and the third subtractor feed back the synthesized data to the equivalent circuit of the strings, thereby making the soundboard or the body simpler. The interfering movements of the strings are simulated, and it is possible to obtain musical sounds that are faithful to the sounds of musical instruments such as piano and violin.

Further, the equivalent circuit of the string generates the vibration data of the string corresponding to the vibration of the string, while the filter simulating the soundboard or the body generates the synthetic data corresponding to the vibration of the soundboard or the body. , The multiplier multiplies the feedback data by the composite data and the feedback gain, and the feedback amount control circuit controls the feedback gain according to the pitch, so that, for example, the pitch of the piano and the string It is possible to realize the difference in the interfering operation of the soundboard or the body and the strings, that is, the difference in the timbre, depending on the pitch, in the musical instruments corresponding to the types.

Further, the equivalent circuit of the strings generates the vibration data of the strings corresponding to the vibration of the strings, while the filter simulating the soundboard or the body generates the synthetic data corresponding to the vibration of the soundboard or the body. , The multiplier feeds the feedback data back to the equivalent circuit of the string by multiplying the synthesized data and the feedback gain, and the feedback amount control circuit controls the feedback gain according to the type of the string. In a musical instrument in which the pitch and the type of string do not correspond one-to-one, it is possible to realize the difference in the interference operation of the soundboard or the body and the string, that is, the difference in the tone color, depending on the type of the string to be played.

Further, the equivalent circuit of the string generates the vibration data of the string corresponding to the vibration of the string, while the filter simulating the soundboard or the body generates the synthetic data corresponding to the vibration of the soundboard or the body. , The multiplier multiplies the synthesized data by the feedback gain to feed back the feedback data to the equivalent circuit of the string, the table generates the tension information of the string according to the type of the string, and the feedback amount control circuit sets the pitch and the string. By controlling the feedback gain according to the tension information of the instrument, for example, in a musical instrument such as a guitar or violin whose pitch and string type do not correspond one-to-one, the resonance can be adjusted according to the playing method (for example, the degree of choking). It is possible to realize a difference in the interference operation of the plate or the body and the strings, that is, a difference in the tone color.

Further, the equivalent circuit of the first string and the equivalent circuit of the second string generate the vibration data of the first string and the vibration data of the second string which correspond to the vibration of the string, and the adder outputs the vibration data of the second string. The sum of the vibration data of the 1st string and the vibration data of the 2nd string is input as the driving force to the soundboard or torso, while the filter simulating the soundboard or torso corresponds to the vibration of the soundboard or torso. To generate a composite data, and the first multiplier and the second multiplier return the composite data to the equivalent circuit of the first string and the equivalent circuit of the second string, thereby passing through the soundboard and the body. Resonant movements between the strings are simulated, and a musical tone faithful to the musical instrument sound of a piano or a violin can be obtained.

Further, the equivalent circuit of the string generates the vibration data of the string corresponding to the vibration of the string, and the phase shifter control circuit controls the phase of the phase shifter inserted in the equivalent circuit of the string. By offsetting the pitch shift of the frequency component with respect to the delay circuit in the equivalent circuit of the string, it is possible to add the anharmonic overtone component without changing the pitch.

A drive data extraction circuit, which is a filter that is an inverse function of a transfer function of a musical sound synthesizer that simulates the sounding mechanism of a musical instrument, measures the original sound waveform and the parameter detecting device such as the structure and playing state of the musical instrument. Since the driving data is extracted based on the parameter value obtained by
It is possible to obtain faithful drive data for the drive input of the actual musical instrument.

A drive data extraction circuit, which is a filter that is an inverse function of the transfer function of the musical sound synthesizer simulating the sounding mechanism of a musical instrument, was obtained by analyzing the original sound waveforms by the original sound waveform and the parameter extraction circuit. Since the drive data is extracted based on the parameter value, it is possible to obtain faithful drive data with respect to the actual drive input of the musical instrument, without checking the structure or playing state of the musical instrument.

The transfer circuit transfers the drive data extracted from the original sound to the tone synthesizer simulating the sounding mechanism of the musical instrument, and the tone synthesizer synthesizes based on the transferred drive data. , It is possible to obtain a musical sound faithful to the original sound waveform.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a musical sound synthesizer according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing an internal configuration of a filter 101 in the first embodiment and an analog equivalent circuit diagram of a soundboard of a piano or a violin barrel.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a musical sound synthesizer according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a musical sound synthesizer in a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a musical sound synthesizer according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a musical sound synthesizer according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a musical sound synthesizer according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a musical sound synthesizer according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a musical sound synthesizer according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram showing an internal configuration of a phase shifter 901 according to the eighth embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a circuit diagram showing an internal configuration of a phase shifter control circuit 902 according to the eighth embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a delay amount instruction circuit 90 according to the eighth embodiment.
3 is a circuit diagram showing the internal configuration.

FIG. 13 is a characteristic diagram showing the degree of anharmonicity of synthesized data.

FIG. 14 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a musical sound analysis apparatus according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a musical sound analysis apparatus according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention.

16 is a waveform diagram showing each data when driving data on a pulse is input to the musical sound synthesizer shown in FIG.

FIG. 17 is a correlation characteristic diagram in which the waveform of the subtraction result of the subtractor 2005 shown in FIG. 16 is autocorrelated.

FIG. 18 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a musical sound analysis apparatus according to an eleventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram showing a sounding mechanism of strings of a stringed instrument.

FIG. 20 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a conventional musical sound synthesizer.

FIG. 21 is an address generation circuit 2001 in the conventional example.
Schematic showing the internal configuration of the

FIG. 22 is a circuit diagram showing an internal configuration of a waveform memory 2002 in the conventional example.

FIG. 23 is a delay circuit 2003, 200 in the conventional example.
Schematic showing the internal configuration of 4

FIG. 24 is a circuit diagram showing an internal configuration of a delay amount instruction circuit 2009 in the conventional example.

FIG. 25 is a delay control circuit 2007, 2 in the conventional example.
Circuit diagram showing the internal configuration of 008

[Explanation of symbols]

102, 201, 203, 206, 209, 211, 8
04-806, 2305, 2306 Multiplier 103, 301, 1201, 2005, 2006, 23
02 Subtractors 202, 208, 210 Delay devices 204, 205, 207, 212, 302, 2304
Adder 220 Coil 221 Resistance 222 Capacitor 807 Accumulator

Claims (18)

[Claims] 1. A string equivalent circuit that simulates the sounding mechanism of a string of a string instrument, a filter that performs a filtering process on the vibration data of the string output by the equivalent circuit of the string to generate synthetic data, and the filter. A musical sound synthesizer comprising: a multiplier for multiplying the synthesized data output from the device by a feedback gain, and feeding back the multiplication result as feedback data to the equivalent circuit of the string. 2. A string equivalent circuit that simulates the sounding mechanism of a string of a stringed instrument, a filter that performs a filtering process on the vibration data of the string output by the equivalent circuit of the string, and generates synthetic data, and a pitch instruction. A musical tone including a feedback amount control circuit that determines a feedback gain based on data, and a multiplier that multiplies the synthetic data output from the filter by the feedback gain and feeds the multiplication result as feedback data to the equivalent circuit of the string. Synthesizer. 3. A string equivalent circuit simulating a sounding mechanism of a string of a stringed instrument, a filter for performing a filtering process on the vibration data of the string output by the equivalent circuit of the string to generate synthetic data, which string A feedback amount control circuit that determines a feedback gain based on the string number information indicating whether or not the string has been driven, and the synthetic data output from the filter is multiplied by the feedback gain and the multiplication result is fed back to the equivalent circuit of the string as feedback data. A musical sound synthesizer equipped with a multiplier. 4. A string equivalent circuit that simulates the sounding mechanism of a string of a stringed instrument, a filter that performs a filtering process on the vibration data of the string output by the equivalent circuit of the string to generate synthetic data, and which string A table for determining the tension information and cotton density information of the string based on the string number information of whether or not to drive, a feedback amount control circuit for determining the feedback gain based on the tension information of the string, the cotton density information and the pitch instruction data, A musical tone synthesizer comprising: a multiplier that multiplies the synthetic data output from the filter by the feedback gain, and that feeds back the multiplication result as feedback data to an equivalent circuit of the string. 5. An equivalent circuit of a first string that simulates the sounding mechanism of a string of a string instrument, an equivalent circuit of a second string that simulates the sounding mechanism of a string of a string instrument, and an equivalent circuit of the first string. An adder for adding the vibration data of the first string output by the circuit and the vibration data of the second string output by the equivalent circuit for the second string; and a filtering process for the addition result of the adder. And a composite data output from the filter and a first feedback gain, and a multiplication result is fed back to the equivalent circuit of the first string as first feedback data. A first multiplier for multiplying the composite data output from the filter by a second feedback gain, and feeding back the multiplication result as second feedback data to the equivalent circuit of the second string. Sound synthesizer. 6. A string equivalent circuit, a waveform memory for storing drive data, an address generation circuit for designating an address of the waveform memory on the basis of pitch indication data and reading drive data, and a predetermined input data. A first delay circuit for outputting after a time delay, a second delay circuit for outputting an input data after delaying for a predetermined time, and a first delay circuit based on drive data read from the waveform memory A first subtractor for subtracting the data output from the circuit and outputting it as string vibration data; and subtracting the data output from the second delay circuit from the drive data read from the waveform memory, A second subtractor that inputs the subtraction result to the first delay circuit and a subtraction result of the first subtractor and feedback data are input, and the subtraction result is input to the second delay circuit. Third subtractor and the said first delay circuit based on the pitch instruction data second to
Delay amount instructing circuit for determining the delay amount of the delay circuit, and the first amount based on the delay amount instructed by the delay amount instructing circuit.
A first delay control circuit for controlling the delay circuit of the second delay circuit, and the second delay control circuit based on the delay amount instructed by the delay amount instruction circuit.
6. A second delay control circuit for controlling the delay circuit according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5.
The described musical sound synthesizer. 7. A string equivalent circuit includes: a waveform memory for storing drive data; an address generation circuit for reading out drive data by designating an address of the waveform memory on the basis of pitch indication data; and reading from the waveform memory. A first delay circuit for delaying the input drive data after delaying for a predetermined time, a second delay circuit for outputting the input data after delaying for a predetermined time, and drive data read from the waveform memory From the first delay circuit for subtracting the data output from the first delay circuit, the subtraction result of the first subtractor and the data output from the second delay circuit are added, An adder that outputs as vibration data; a second subtractor that subtracts the addition result of the adder and feedback data and inputs the subtraction result to the second delay circuit; Wherein a can said first delay circuit a second
Delay amount instructing circuit for determining the delay amount of the delay circuit, and the first amount based on the delay amount instructed by the delay amount instructing circuit.
A first delay control circuit for controlling the delay circuit of the second delay circuit, and the second delay control circuit based on the delay amount instructed by the delay amount instruction circuit.
6. A second delay control circuit for controlling the delay circuit according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5.
The described musical sound synthesizer. 8. A string equivalent circuit, a waveform memory for storing drive data, an address generation circuit for designating an address of the waveform memory based on pitch indication data and reading drive data, and a predetermined input data. A delay circuit that outputs after delaying the time, an adder that adds the drive data read from the waveform memory and the data output from the delay circuit, and outputs as string vibration data; A subtracter that subtracts the addition result and the feedback data and inputs the subtraction result to the delay circuit, a delay amount instruction circuit that determines the delay amount of the delay circuit based on the pitch instruction data, and an instruction by the delay amount instruction circuit. 6. The musical tone synthesizer according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5, comprising a delay control circuit for controlling the delay circuit based on the delay amount. 9. A string equivalent circuit that simulates the sounding mechanism of a string of a stringed instrument, and an anharmonic overtone component is added by controlling the phase amount of the data in the string equivalent circuit, and the fundamental frequency of the synthesized data is added. A phase shifter control circuit that outputs delay amount correction data corresponding to the phase amount of the component; and a delay amount instruction circuit that determines the pitch of the synthesized data by generating the delay amount data based on the pitch instruction data and the delay amount correction data. Sound synthesizer equipped with. 10. An equivalent circuit of a string, a waveform memory for storing drive data, an address generation circuit for designating an address of the waveform memory based on pitch indication data and reading drive data, and a predetermined input data. A delay circuit that outputs after a time delay, an adder that adds the drive data read from the waveform memory and the data output from the delay circuit and outputs as combined data, the adder and the delay 10. The tone synthesis according to claim 9, comprising a phase shifter inserted in a circuit of a circulation system composed of a circuit, and a delay control circuit for controlling the delay circuit based on delay amount data. apparatus. 11. A string equivalent circuit comprises: a waveform memory for storing drive data; an address generation circuit for designating an address of the waveform memory on the basis of pitch indication data to read out the drive data; A first delay circuit for outputting after a time delay, a second delay circuit for outputting an input data after delaying for a predetermined time, and a first delay circuit based on drive data read from the waveform memory A first subtractor that subtracts the data output from the circuit and outputs the combined data, and subtracts the data output from the second delay circuit from the drive data read from the waveform memory. To the first delay circuit, a first subtractor, the second subtractor, the first delay circuit, and the second delay circuit. A phase shifter inserted in the ring circuit, a first delay control circuit for controlling the first delay circuit based on the delay amount data, and a control for the second delay circuit based on the delay amount data. 10. The musical tone synthesizer according to claim 9, wherein the musical tone synthesizer comprises a second delay control circuit for performing the same. 12. A string equivalent circuit comprises: a waveform memory for storing drive data; an address generation circuit for designating an address of the waveform memory based on pitch indication data to read out the drive data; A first delay circuit that outputs after delaying for a predetermined time, a second delay circuit that outputs input data after delaying for a predetermined time, and a first delay circuit based on drive data read from the waveform memory. A first subtractor for subtracting the data output from the delay circuit, and an adder for adding the subtraction result of the first subtractor and the data output from the second delay circuit and outputting as combined data A phase shifter inserted in a circuit of a circulation system composed of the adder and the second delay circuit, and a first delay circuit for controlling the first delay circuit based on delay amount data. The control circuit and the delay amount tone synthesizing apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the characterized in that it is composed of a second delay control circuit for controlling said second delay circuit based on the data. 13. An original sound waveform of a musical instrument and a parameter detecting device detect drive data which is a filter which is an inverse function of a transfer function of a musical sound synthesizing device simulating a sounding mechanism of a musical instrument and which is input data of the musical sound synthesizing device. A musical tone analysis apparatus comprising a drive data extraction circuit for extracting based on a parameter value, and a parameter detection device for obtaining a value of a parameter used when synthesizing the musical tone synthesizing device. 14. The parameter detection device obtains the parameter value by measuring the structure and performance state of the musical instrument used when recording the original sound waveform of the musical instrument to be analyzed. The described sound analysis device. 15. The musical tone analyzing apparatus according to claim 13, wherein the parameter detecting device is a parameter extracting circuit for extracting a parameter value from the original sound waveform of the musical instrument to be analyzed. 16. A drive position data value representing which position of a string is driven by the parameter detection device by taking autocorrelation with the original sound waveform of the musical instrument to be analyzed to generate the original sound waveform. 14. The musical tone analyzing apparatus according to claim 13, wherein the musical tone analyzing apparatus is a parameter extracting circuit for extracting. 17. A tone analysis circuit for extracting drive data from an original sound, a tone synthesis device simulating a sounding mechanism of a musical instrument, and a transfer circuit for transferring the drive data extracted by the analysis circuit to the tone synthesis device. Sound analysis and synthesis device. 18. A musical tone analyzing circuit is a filter which is an inverse function of a transfer function of a musical tone synthesizing device simulating a sounding mechanism of a musical instrument, and the drive data which is the input data of the musical tone synthesizing device is set to the original sound waveform of the musical instrument and parameters 18. A drive data extraction circuit for extracting based on a parameter value detected by a detection device, and a parameter detection device for obtaining a value of a parameter used when synthesizing the musical sound synthesizer. Musical sound analysis and synthesis device.