JPH06285533A - Descaling equipment for hot rolled steel sheets - Google Patents
Descaling equipment for hot rolled steel sheetsInfo
- Publication number
- JPH06285533A JPH06285533A JP7441093A JP7441093A JPH06285533A JP H06285533 A JPH06285533 A JP H06285533A JP 7441093 A JP7441093 A JP 7441093A JP 7441093 A JP7441093 A JP 7441093A JP H06285533 A JPH06285533 A JP H06285533A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- water
- steel sheet
- rolling mill
- jet
- steel plate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
- B21B45/04—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for de-scaling, e.g. by brushing
- B21B45/08—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for de-scaling, e.g. by brushing hydraulically
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Nozzles (AREA)
Abstract
(57)【要約】
【目的】 本発明は、熱間圧延鋼板のデスケーリングに
おいて、鋼板エッジ部に発生する過冷却部の発生を防止
することをを目的とする。
【構成】 本発明においては、熱間圧延機の鋼板パスラ
イン幅方向に沿って高圧水噴射ノズルを複数個配列し、
該ノズルからの噴射水を鋼板のほぼ幅方向に噴射角θ1
で拡がる扇形とし且つ該噴射水の方向を反圧延機側に迎
え角θ2 で傾斜させて向けた高水圧噴射式デスケーリン
グ装置が、該噴射水の長軸の鋼板中心部側を反圧延機側
へ、鋼板幅方向に対して捻り角θ3 を１０〜２０°の範
囲で傾斜させ、前記複数のノズルからの噴射水の鋼板表
面に形成する衝突ゾーンが鋼板の中心部を境界に左右対
象に反圧延機側に凸状となる構成を有する。
(57) [Summary] [Object] An object of the present invention is to prevent the occurrence of a supercooling portion that occurs at the edge portion of a steel sheet during descaling of a hot-rolled steel sheet. In the present invention, a plurality of high-pressure water jet nozzles are arranged along the width direction of the steel sheet pass line of the hot rolling mill,
The water sprayed from the nozzle is sprayed at an angle of spraying θ 1
A high-water-pressure jet descaling device in which the direction of the jet water is inclined toward the anti-rolling mill side at an attack angle θ 2 and the central portion of the long axis of the jet water is the anti-rolling mill. The tilt angle θ 3 with respect to the steel plate width direction in the range of 10 to 20 °, and the collision zones formed on the steel plate surface of the water jetted from the plurality of nozzles are symmetrical with the center of the steel plate as a boundary. Moreover, it has a configuration in which it is convex on the side opposite to the rolling mill.
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、熱間圧延機により圧延
される鋼板上のスケールを高圧噴射水で除去する熱間圧
延鋼板の高水圧噴射式デスケーリング装置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a hot water jet type descaling device for hot rolled steel sheet, which removes scale on the steel sheet rolled by a hot rolling mill with high pressure jet water.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来の熱間圧延における高水圧噴射式デ
スケーリング装置は、熱間圧延機の鋼板パスライン幅方
向に沿って高圧水噴射ノズルを複数個配列し、ノズルか
らの噴射水を鋼板の幅方向に拡がる扇形とし且つ噴射水
の方向を反圧延機側に所定角度傾斜させ、さらに、板幅
方向に対して水平面において各ノズルを一様に数度傾け
た方法がとられていた。この板幅方向に対して数度傾け
られたことにより、冷却水は鋼板エッジ部に向かって流
れ落ちる。この冷却水が鋼板エッジ部から流れ落ちるこ
とによりその部分に過冷却部が形成される。この過冷却
部に起因して、圧延鋼板のパスライン方向にうねりと曲
がりが発生する。2. Description of the Related Art A conventional high-pressure water jet type descaling device in hot rolling has a plurality of high-pressure water jet nozzles arranged along the width direction of a steel sheet pass line of a hot rolling mill, and jets water from the nozzles into a steel sheet. In this method, a fan shape that spreads in the width direction is formed, the direction of the jet water is inclined toward the side opposite to the rolling mill by a predetermined angle, and each nozzle is evenly inclined several degrees in the horizontal plane with respect to the plate width direction. By being tilted several degrees with respect to the plate width direction, the cooling water flows down toward the steel plate edge portion. The cooling water flows down from the edge portion of the steel plate to form a supercooling portion in that portion. Due to this supercooling portion, waviness and bending occur in the pass line direction of the rolled steel sheet.
【０００３】従来の方法では、この鋼板の形状不良材
は、冷却後に鋼板形状を修正する工程を追加して、形状
修正されている。しかし、この修正工程は、冷却後に行
われるため鋼板に組成変形が加わり、鋼板の引っ張り強
度、伸び及び絞り等の機械的性質にばらつきをもたら
す。さらに、この工程数の増加によりため鋼板の製造価
格の上昇を招く。したがって、形状修正工程は、圧延鋼
板の品位及び価格の面からも好ましい工程でない。ま
た、タイトスケール鋼板等の製品は、この形状修正工程
を行うことは好ましくない。In the conventional method, the shape-defective material of the steel plate is shape-corrected by adding a step of correcting the shape of the steel plate after cooling. However, since this correction step is performed after cooling, compositional deformation is added to the steel sheet, which causes variations in mechanical properties such as tensile strength, elongation, and drawing of the steel sheet. Further, the increase in the number of steps causes an increase in the manufacturing cost of the steel sheet. Therefore, the shape correction process is not preferable in terms of quality and price of the rolled steel sheet. Further, it is not preferable to perform this shape correction process on products such as tight scale steel plates.
【０００４】このため、鋼板表面の均一なデスケーリン
グ及びデスケーリングによって発生する鋼板エッジ部の
過冷却部を防止できるデスケーリング手段が必要であ
る。Therefore, there is a need for a uniform descaling of the surface of the steel sheet and a descaling means capable of preventing the supercooling portion of the edge portion of the steel sheet caused by the descaling.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は、熱間圧延鋼
板のデスケーリングにおいて、鋼板エッジ部に発生する
過冷却部の発生を防止できるデスケーリング装置を提供
することを目的とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a descaling device capable of preventing the generation of a supercooling portion at the edge of a steel sheet when descaling a hot rolled steel sheet.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的は、本発明によ
れば、熱間圧延機の鋼板パスライン幅方向に沿って高圧
水噴射ノズルを複数個配列し、該ノズルからの噴射水を
鋼板のほぼ幅方向に噴射角θ1 で拡がる扇形とし且つ該
噴射水の方向を反圧延機側に迎え角θ2 で傾斜させて向
けた高水圧噴射式デスケーリング装置において、該噴射
水の長軸の鋼板中心部側を反圧延機側へ、鋼板幅方向に
対して捻り角θ3 を１０〜２０°の範囲で傾斜させ、前
記複数のノズルからの噴射水の鋼板表面に形成する衝突
ゾーンが鋼板の中心部を境界に左右対象に反圧延機側に
凸状となることを特徴とする熱間圧延鋼板のデスケーリ
ング装置によって達成される。According to the present invention, a plurality of high-pressure water jet nozzles are arranged along the width direction of a steel sheet pass line of a hot rolling mill. In a high-water-pressure jet descaling device in which the jet water is spread in the width direction substantially at the jet angle θ 1 and the direction of the jet water is inclined at the angle of attack θ 2 toward the non-rolling mill side. Of the collision zone formed on the steel plate surface of the water jetted from the plurality of nozzles by inclining the steel plate central portion side to the anti-rolling mill side and inclining the twist angle θ 3 with respect to the steel plate width direction in the range of 10 to 20 °. This is achieved by a descaling device for a hot-rolled steel sheet, which is bilaterally symmetrical with the central portion of the steel sheet as a boundary and is convex toward the side opposite to the rolling mill.
【０００７】[0007]
【作用】熱間圧延鋼板２は自然冷却した場合、鋼板エッ
ジ部５は側面及び鋼板表裏の三面から冷却されるため鋼
板中央部７よりも冷却効率がよい。このため熱間圧延板
２のデスケーリングは、圧延機側３の噛み込み方向９に
除去したスケールが流れず、且つ鋼板２に温度勾配を生
じさせない方法を講じなければならない。上記の構成を
有する本発明の左右対称配列の衝突ゾーンを有するデス
ケーリング装置は、噴射水が鋼板エッジ部５方向から鋼
板中央部７に向かい且つ反圧延機方向３へと向かって流
れる。本発明においては、この噴射水の流れ方向及び鋼
板の温度勾配は、ノズルの捻り角θ3 、ノズル容量とノ
ズル噴射角θ1 によってほぼ決定される。この噴射水の
流れ方向及び鋼板の温度勾配が制御できることにより、
鋼板エッジ部に島状の過冷却部６が発生しないため、圧
延鋼板２の鋼板パスライン方向８の板厚不均一、及び圧
延鋼板２の長手方向のうねりと曲がり（キャンバー）の
発生を防止することができる。When the hot rolled steel plate 2 is naturally cooled, the steel plate edge portion 5 is cooled from the side surface and the three surfaces of the front and back surfaces of the steel plate, so that the cooling efficiency is better than that of the steel plate central portion 7. For this reason, descaling of the hot-rolled sheet 2 must be performed by a method in which the removed scale does not flow in the biting direction 9 on the rolling mill side 3 and a temperature gradient is not generated in the steel sheet 2. In the descaling device having the symmetrically arranged collision zones of the present invention having the above-mentioned configuration, the jet water flows from the steel plate edge portion 5 direction toward the steel plate central portion 7 and toward the anti-rolling mill direction 3. In the present invention, the flow direction of the jet water and the temperature gradient of the steel sheet are substantially determined by the twist angle θ 3 of the nozzle, the nozzle capacity and the nozzle jet angle θ 1 . By controlling the flow direction of this jet water and the temperature gradient of the steel plate,
Since the island-shaped supercooling portion 6 does not occur at the steel plate edge portion, it is possible to prevent uneven thickness of the rolled steel plate 2 in the steel plate pass line direction 8 and generation of waviness and bending (camber) in the longitudinal direction of the rolled steel plate 2. be able to.
【０００８】[0008]
【実施例】実施例について図を参照して説明する。本発
明のノズル１は、図１に示すように鋼板２パスライン方
向８に噴射水の長軸がほぼ平行に、噴射角θ1 が１５〜
３０°の範囲で広がる噴射口を有し、また、このノズル
１は、図２に示すように反圧延機方向３に迎え角θ2 が
１５°に成るように配置される。さらにこのノズル１
は、図３に示すように中央部より左側及び右側の各ノズ
ルの長軸の鋼板中心部７側をそれぞれ反圧延機３側へ、
水平面において鋼板パスライン幅方向８に対して捻り角
θ3 を１０〜２０°の範囲で傾斜させる。この結果、各
複数のノズルからの噴射水の鋼板表面に形成する衝突ゾ
ーンは鋼板中心部７を境界に左右対象に反圧延機側３に
凸状に形成される。EXAMPLES Examples will be described with reference to the drawings. In the nozzle 1 of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, the long axis of the jet water is substantially parallel to the steel sheet 2 pass line direction 8 and the jet angle θ 1 is 15 to 15.
The nozzle 1 has an injection port that spreads in the range of 30 °, and the nozzle 1 is arranged so that the angle of attack θ 2 is 15 ° in the direction 3 opposite to the rolling mill as shown in FIG. Furthermore, this nozzle 1
As shown in FIG. 3, the long-axis steel plate central portion 7 side of each nozzle on the left side and the right side of the central portion is respectively directed to the anti-rolling mill 3 side,
In the horizontal plane, the twist angle θ 3 is inclined in the range of 10 to 20 ° with respect to the steel sheet pass line width direction 8. As a result, the collision zone formed on the steel plate surface of the water sprayed from each of the plurality of nozzles is formed in a convex shape on the side opposite to the rolling mill 3 with the central part 7 of the steel plate as a boundary and being symmetrical.
【０００９】図４に示す従来技術においては、噴射水の
捻り角θ3 は鋼板パスライン幅方向８に対し一様に１５
°傾いている。このため従来技術の熱間圧延において
は、ノズル１の噴射水は鋼板エッジ部５方向に流れ過冷
却部６を発生させる。したがって、本発明のデスケーリ
ング装置は、過冷却部６が発生せず、熱間圧延板２の長
手方向にうねり及びキャンバーを生ずることを防止でき
る。In the prior art shown in FIG. 4, the twist angle θ 3 of the jet water is uniformly 15 in the width direction 8 of the steel sheet pass line.
° tilted. Therefore, in the conventional hot rolling, the water jetted from the nozzle 1 flows toward the steel plate edge portion 5 to generate the supercooling portion 6. Therefore, in the descaling device of the present invention, the supercooling section 6 does not occur, and it is possible to prevent waviness and camber in the longitudinal direction of the hot-rolled sheet 2.
【００１０】表１に本発明と従来技術のデスケールノズ
ルの比較を示した。本発明の実施例（１）〜（６）は、
ノズル容量、ノズル噴射角θ1 、ノズル迎え角θ2 及び
ノズル捻り角θ3 を表１に示す範囲で変化させたがいず
れの場合も従来技術で発生する過冷却部６が生じなかっ
た。Table 1 shows a comparison between the descaling nozzle of the present invention and the prior art. Examples (1) to (6) of the present invention are
The nozzle capacity, the nozzle injection angle θ 1 , the nozzle attack angle θ 2 and the nozzle twist angle θ 3 were changed within the ranges shown in Table 1, but in any case, the supercooling section 6 generated in the conventional technique did not occur.
【００１１】[0011]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００１２】[0012]
【発明の効果】本発明のデスケーリング装置によって、
熱間圧延鋼板のスケール除去を好ましく行うことがで
き、且つ鋼板エッジ部に島状の過冷却部が発生しないた
め、圧延鋼板の板幅方向の板厚不均一、及び圧延鋼板の
長手方向のうねりと曲がり（キャンバー）の発生を防止
することができる。これにより、圧延冷却後に鋼板形状
を修正する工程が除かれるため、鋼板の引っ張り強度、
伸び及び絞り等の機械的性質を均一にし且つ向上するこ
とができる。さらに、鋼板の製造価格を抑えることがで
きる。According to the descaling device of the present invention,
The scale of the hot-rolled steel sheet can be preferably removed, and since the island-shaped supercooled portion does not occur at the steel sheet edge portion, the sheet thickness unevenness in the sheet width direction of the rolled steel sheet and the waviness in the longitudinal direction of the rolled steel sheet It is possible to prevent the occurrence of bending (camber). This eliminates the step of correcting the steel sheet shape after rolling and cooling, so that the tensile strength of the steel sheet,
Mechanical properties such as elongation and drawing can be made uniform and improved. Further, the manufacturing cost of the steel sheet can be suppressed.
【００１３】本発明のデスケーリング装置を用いれば、
形状修正の後工程を行う必要がなく、通常の鋼板はもち
ろんこと、特に圧延温度から酸化が進行しない温度域ま
で短時間に強制冷却するタイトスケール鋼板の製造には
最適である。With the descaling device of the present invention,
It is not necessary to carry out post-processes for shape correction, and it is most suitable not only for ordinary steel plates, but especially for the production of tight-scale steel plates that are forcibly cooled in a short time from the rolling temperature to a temperature range where oxidation does not proceed.
【図１】本発明のノズルピッチとノズル噴射角を示す平
面模式図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view showing a nozzle pitch and a nozzle ejection angle of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の図１の側面をしめす模式図である。FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the side surface of FIG. 1 of the present invention.
【図３】本発明による鋼板衝突後の噴射水の流れを示す
平面図である。FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a flow of jet water after a steel plate collides according to the present invention.
【図４】従来技術による鋼板衝突後の噴射水の流れを示
す平面図である。FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a flow of jet water after collision of a steel plate according to a conventional technique.
【符号の説明】 １…ノズル ２…圧延鋼板 ３…反圧延機側 ４…圧延期側 ５…鋼板エッジ部 ６…過冷却部 ７…鋼板中心部 ８…鋼板パスライン方向 ９…噛み込み方向 θ1 …噴射水ノズルの噴射角 θ2 …噴射水ノズルの迎え角 θ3 …噴射水ノズルの捻り角[Explanation of Codes] 1 ... Nozzle 2 ... Rolled steel plate 3 ... Anti-rolling mill side 4 ... Rolling period side 5 ... Steel plate edge portion 6 ... Supercooling portion 7 ... Steel plate central portion 8 ... Steel plate pass line direction 9 ... Biting direction θ 1 ... jet angle of jet nozzle θ 2 ... angle of attack of jet nozzle θ 3 ... twist angle of jet nozzle
Claims (1)
て高圧水噴射ノズルを複数個配列し、該ノズルからの噴
射水を鋼板のほぼ幅方向に噴射角θ1 で拡がる扇形とし
且つ該噴射水の方向を反圧延機側に迎え角θ2 で傾斜さ
せて向けた高水圧噴射式デスケーリング装置において、
該噴射水の長軸の鋼板中心部側を反圧延機側へ、鋼板幅
方向に対して捻り角θ3 を１０〜２０°の範囲で傾斜さ
せ、前記複数のノズルからの噴射水の鋼板表面に形成す
る衝突ゾーンが鋼板の中心部を境界に左右対象に反圧延
機側に凸状となることを特徴とする熱間圧延鋼板のデス
ケーリング装置。1. A plurality of high-pressure water jet nozzles are arranged along a width direction of a steel sheet pass line of a hot rolling mill, and water jetted from the nozzles is formed into a fan shape which spreads in a width direction of the steel sheet at a jet angle θ 1. In a high water pressure injection type descaling device in which the direction of the jet water is inclined toward the anti-rolling mill side at an attack angle θ 2 ,
The steel plate surface of the water sprayed from the plurality of nozzles is formed by inclining the longitudinal steel plate center portion side of the jet water toward the anti-rolling mill side and inclining the twist angle θ 3 with respect to the steel plate width direction in the range of 10 to 20 °. The descaling device for a hot-rolled steel sheet, wherein the collision zone formed on the left side has a convex shape on the side opposite to the rolling mill side symmetrically with the center portion of the steel sheet as a boundary.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5074410A JP2809575B2 (en) | 1993-03-31 | 1993-03-31 | Descaling device for hot rolled steel sheet |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5074410A JP2809575B2 (en) | 1993-03-31 | 1993-03-31 | Descaling device for hot rolled steel sheet |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH06285533A true JPH06285533A (en) | 1994-10-11 |
| JP2809575B2 JP2809575B2 (en) | 1998-10-08 |
Family
ID=13546399
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5074410A Expired - Lifetime JP2809575B2 (en) | 1993-03-31 | 1993-03-31 | Descaling device for hot rolled steel sheet |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2809575B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100711399B1 (en) * | 2005-12-23 | 2007-04-30 | 주식회사 포스코 | Cooling method of the lower feed roll |
-
1993
- 1993-03-31 JP JP5074410A patent/JP2809575B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100711399B1 (en) * | 2005-12-23 | 2007-04-30 | 주식회사 포스코 | Cooling method of the lower feed roll |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2809575B2 (en) | 1998-10-08 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP1935521B1 (en) | A hot rolling mill for a steel plate or sheet and hot rolling methods using such mill | |
| JP3802830B2 (en) | Steel sheet descaling method and equipment | |
| JP2008100256A (en) | Steel sheet cooling equipment and cooling method | |
| JP2001286925A (en) | Water cooling system for steel sheet and its water cooling method | |
| JP4800245B2 (en) | Billet descaler | |
| JP5906712B2 (en) | Thermal steel sheet descaling equipment and descaling method | |
| JP4337157B2 (en) | Steel plate cooling method and apparatus | |
| JPH06285533A (en) | Descaling equipment for hot rolled steel sheets | |
| JP5613997B2 (en) | Hot-rolled steel sheet cooling device, hot-rolled steel sheet manufacturing apparatus and manufacturing method | |
| JP6702386B2 (en) | Steel material manufacturing method and manufacturing equipment | |
| JP4398898B2 (en) | Thick steel plate cooling device and method | |
| KR101999008B1 (en) | Apparatus for protecting bar heater | |
| KR20240096738A (en) | Quenching device and metal sheet manufacturing method | |
| JPH06285534A (en) | Descaling method for hot rolled steel sheet | |
| JP4145606B2 (en) | Steel plate lower surface cooling device, steel plate and method for producing the same | |
| US6067836A (en) | Method and system for suppressing formation of scale defects during hot finish rolling | |
| JPH07178439A (en) | Descaling device | |
| JP4453522B2 (en) | Steel plate cooling device and cooling method | |
| JPH0852509A (en) | Rolling method for high temperature steel sheet | |
| JP4621061B2 (en) | Steel plate cooling equipment | |
| JP3235784B2 (en) | Steel plate manufacturing line and steel plate manufacturing method | |
| KR20200014884A (en) | Cooling device for metal plate and continuous heat treatment equipment for metal plate | |
| JP3345776B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for cooling U-shaped sheet pile | |
| JP4579386B2 (en) | Optical shape detection method for rolled sheet | |
| JP5764935B2 (en) | Thick steel plate descaling equipment and descaling method |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 19980623 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20070731 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20080731 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20080731 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20090731 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20090731 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20100731 Year of fee payment: 12 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20110731 Year of fee payment: 13 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120731 Year of fee payment: 14 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130731 Year of fee payment: 15 |