JPH06277488A - Method and device for granulation - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To granulate incompletely solidified grain which consists of only fly ash or cement, or only mixture thereof, or mixture mixed with some water besides the aimed solidified grain discharged from the outlet of a kneader for solidifying fly ash wherein cement is added to fly ash and then water is added. CONSTITUTION:A granulator 10 for solidifying grain is placed under the discharge port 1a of a kneader 1 for solidifying fly ash. A granulation belt 7 is passed on the pulleys 3, 6 and the conveyance side is raised from the lower part to the upper part as shown in an arrow. Incompletely solidified grain starts to be lowered by gravity and also received forces starting to be raised by friction on the granulation belt 7 and is vertically moved. In the meantime, fly ash and cement are taken in the incompletely solidified grain and tamped. When grain is made large, self-gravity is made larger than force caused by friction on the granulation belt 7 and grain is dropped on a curing belt 2.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for granulating fly ash having a fine particle size generated when incinerating garbage in a refuse incinerator.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional ash solidification apparatus is designed to solidify fly ash by adding cement and water (humidifying water) to fly ash with a fine particle size generated when incinerating waste in a refuse incinerator. ing. As a result, the fly ash can be transported to the garbage disposal site without being scattered and can be further reclaimed, so that secondary pollution due to fly ash scattering or elution of harmful heavy metals contained in the fly ash can be prevented.

The main part of the ash solidification apparatus is of the type described below.

That is, as shown in FIG. 8, the fly ash solidification kneader 1 forms fly ash, cement and humidifying water after kneading the fly ash, cement and humidifying water in the fly ash solidifying kneader 1. The solidified particles are discharged from the discharge port 1a. The discharged solidified particles naturally drop and arrive on the curing conveyor 2. The curing conveyor 2 conveys the arrived solidified particles in the direction indicated by the arrow a, and naturally drops them from the end of the curing conveyor 2 to a solidified material bunker (not shown) located below.
Here, the belt of the curing conveyor 2 is set to a size that can cure the solidified particles by the time the transportation of the solidified particles is completed by the curing conveyor 2. As a result, the solidified granules are cured while being conveyed by the curing conveyor 2.

[0005]

However, if the kneading state of the fly ash solidifying and kneading machine 1 becomes inappropriate, only fly ash or cement or particles of fly ash or cement and humidifying water are discharged from the discharge port 1a. As a result, all fly ash cannot be solidified.

As a method for experimentally solving the above-mentioned problems, as shown in FIG. 9, incompletely solidified granules (4a) containing almost no fly ash, cement or humidifying water on the rubber plate 27. , 4b) That is, the fly ash and humidifying water or the cement and humidifying water are kneaded and not hardened but are in the form of particles 4a and the mixture of fly ash and cement is in the form of particles 4b
A predetermined amount under the outlet 1a (a), and the rubber plate 27
There is a method of swinging with both hands in the directions indicated by arrows b and c about 7 to 10 times (b). That is, during this movement, due to the friction between the rubber plate 27 and the incompletely solidified particles 4a and 4b, the incompletely solidified particles 4a and 4b move in the rubber plate 27, and the incompletely solidified particles 4a and 4b are moved to each other. By contacting each other, granulation is performed at the granular level. From this, it has been confirmed that most of the incompletely solidified particles 4a and 4b become the solidified particles 5 (c).

However, in the above-mentioned solution, there is a problem that it is difficult to increase the amount of fly ash to be processed in the actual operation of the ash solidification apparatus. The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and is intended to propose a granulation method and an apparatus thereof for converting an incompletely solidified granule into a solidified granule.

[0008]

A first aspect of the present invention is a method for forming a granulated material containing a moisture-containing incompletely solidified granule and fly ash and cement into a solidified granule, wherein an upward surface is The granulation material carrier that moves from a low place to a high place is used, and by supplying the granulation material to the granulation material support body, the granulation material is held from the low place to a high place by the granulation material support body. The fly ash and cement are moved around the imperfect granules by counteracting the effect of raising them and the effect of the gravity of the imperfect granules to descend from the high place to the low place. This is a granulation method of incorporating and solidifying granules.

A second aspect of the present invention is to arrange a granulation material carrier below the discharge port of the fly ash solidification kneader, and the top surface of the granulation material carrier is an endless structure capable of moving from a low place to a high place. The granulating belt according to claim 1, which is wound around upper and lower pulleys that are arranged at least obliquely at intervals, and either pulley or both pulleys is connected to a driving device. is there.

[0010]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

"Example 1" In FIG. 1 in which the same parts as those in FIG. 8 are designated by the same reference numerals, the solidified granule granulator 10 is located downward from the discharge port 1a of the fly ash solidification kneader 1. In addition, it is located above the curing conveyor 2. Thereby, the solidified granule granulator 10 can receive the solidified granules and the incompletely solidified granules that naturally fall from the discharge port 1a.
The solidified particles can be allowed to arrive on the curing conveyor 2 by natural fall.

As shown in FIG. 2, the solidified granulator 10 has a
It is composed of a drive pulley 3, a driven pulley 6, a granulation belt 7 as a granulation material carrier wound around the drive pulley 3 and the driven pulley 6, and a driving device.

Here, as shown in FIG. 3, the drive shaft 3a fixed to the drive pulley 3 is rotatably supported by the machine frame 8 of the solidified granule granulator 10. A driven pulley shaft 6a that rotatably supports the driven pulley 6 is fixed to the machine frame 8. The drive pulley shaft 3a is connected to an output shaft of a speed reducer 9 fixed to the machine frame 8, and an input shaft of the speed reducer 9 is connected to an electric motor 11 suitable for inverter control of an induction motor and a synchronous motor. The electric motor 11 is driven by an inverter 12, and the inverter 12 is controlled by a control device 13 so that the electric motor 11 can be energized at a variable frequency.

Here, the granulation belt 7 is, for example, a reinforced rubber belt having a predetermined coefficient of friction with respect to the incompletely solidified granules, but a large number of projections or ridges or recesses are provided across the surface on the surface. Is suitable. Further, by sliding the incompletely solidified granules until they become solidified granules, the size is set so that granulation can be performed at the granular level.

The solidified granulator 10 is provided so that its inclination and height can be changed. The already-filled machine frame 8 is a horizontal member 8a which is inserted between the granulation belts 7 of the solidified granule granulator 10 from side to side.
It is rigidly connected with. This machine frame 8 is a movable four pillar 20a,
Two pillars 2 supported by 20b and close to the drive pulley 3
Reference numeral 0a denotes a slide base 15 fixed to the base 14 in the vertical direction and having the same structure. A vertical slide 17 is vertically movably engaged with the slide base 15 via a slide guide 16.
The upper end of 7 is pivotally attached to the machine frame 8 by a support pin 18 fixed in parallel to the drive shaft 3a. A vertical feed screw 21 screwed into a nut 19 fixed to the vertical slide 17.
The output shaft of the reduction motor 22 fixed to the slide base 15 is connected to the. The pillar 20b has the same structure as the pillar 20a, and the lower end of the two slide base 15 on the driven pulley 6 side is pivotally attached to a pin 15a provided on a bracket 15b fixed in parallel to the driven pulley shaft 6a of the base 14.

In the above, the solidified granule granulator 10 is closed by the cover 23, and the incompletely solidified granules 4 of the granulated material 4 are formed.
It prevents the a, 4b or the solidified particles 5 from scattering to the surroundings.

The operation of the above configuration will be described. The control device 13 commands the inverter 12 to rotate the electric motor 11, the rotation of the electric motor 11 is decelerated by the speed reducer 9, and the drive pulley 3 moves upward from the driven pulley 6 toward the drive pulley 3 from above the granulation belt 7. Rotate in the direction you want. When the incompletely solidified granules 4a and 4b arrive on the granulation belt 7 from the discharge port 1a of the fly ash solidification kneader 1, the granulation belt 7 moves in the upward direction indicated by the arrow d as shown in FIG. ing. The incompletely solidified granules 4a and 4b receive the force of being pulled up in the d direction by the frictional force with the granulation belt 7 due to the movement of the granulation belt 7 in the d direction, and the granulation belt 7 is inclined, so that it is gravitationally Receive the force to go down. The magnitude of such frictional forces is constantly changing. Therefore, the incompletely solidified particles 4a, 4b are lifted along the granulation belt 7, rolled down, or rebounded so that they move, for example, in the directions indicated by arrows e, f, or g, During this time, the imperfectly solidified particles 4a and 4b come into contact with each other to become solidified particles 5.

During such action, incompletely solidified particles 4a, 4
When b is retained on the granulation belt 7 as much as possible, the amount of fly ash and cement collected is increased. To increase the residence time, (1) make the granulation belt wide enough. (2)
Adjust the distance between the granulation belt and the outlet of the fly ash solidification kneader. This adjustment rotates the reduction motor 22 to rotate the feed screw 21.
When is rotated, the nut 19 moves up and down and the up and down slide 17 moves up and down, so that the four columns 20a and 20b supporting the solidified granule granulator 10 are expanded and contracted. (3) Change the inclination of the granulation belt. For this, two columns 20a and 20b on the drive pulley 3 side and the driven pulley 6 side are adjusted in the same manner as described above. (4) The frequency of the inverter 12 is changed to change the speed of the electric motor 11 to change the speed of the granulating belt 7. And so on. Thus, as granulation progresses, solidified granules 5 are formed, which fall on the curing conveyor 2 and are hydrated and cured on the curing conveyor 2 having a size and a progressing speed capable of obtaining a residence time long enough to solidify.

[Second Embodiment] FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the second embodiment. The granulating belt 7 is wound around a driving pulley 3 arranged at a low place and a driven pulley 6 arranged at a high place, and is rotated so that the upper surface of the belt rises in the direction of the arrow in the figure, and the lower side is the belt tension side. In this way, since the incompletely solidified particles 4a, 4b have a small particle size, the rolling resistance is small, and the particles reciprocate on the slack side of the granulating belt 7 where the inclination angle gradually changes from the lower side to the upper side, so that the large particle size is solidified. Since the rolling resistance at the place where the granules 5 are formed is small, the granules 5 move in opposition to the movement of the granulation belt 7 and fall from the low drive pulley 3 side.

[Embodiment 3] FIG. 6 is a view of only the drive pulley or the driven pulley as viewed from the front. For example, if two sided pulleys 3R and 3L are provided on both sides of the central pulley 3M so that the axial center of the drive pulley is lowered toward the central pulley 3M, and the middle of the granulating belt in the width direction is concave, The completely solidified granules 4a and 4b gather in the center of the granulating belt 7 in the width direction, and the granulating action is concentrated in the narrow portion. This embodiment is applicable to the first and second embodiments.

[Fourth Embodiment] FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a seventh embodiment. A rotary shaft 23 supported by a bearing (not shown) and connected to a driving device is provided with a granulated plate 24 having a container shape, for example, a concave shape on the upper side or a conical shape, as a granulating material carrier. In this embodiment, a disc is shown as the granulating plate. The rotary shaft 23 and the granulating plate 24 are installed obliquely and rotate in the direction of the arrow shown. The incompletely solidified particles 4a, 4b, etc. are supplied from the discharge port 1a to the side of the upper surface of the granulating plate 24 that moves in the upward direction. In this case, the incompletely solidified granules 4a, 4b are provided with an enclosure 25 surrounding the granulation plate 24 fixed or fixed to the granulation plate 24 so that they do not fall out of the granulation plate 24 even when subjected to centrifugal force. There is. Further, a blade 26 fixed so as to prevent the incompletely solidified granules 4a and 4b from rotating from the upper part of the granulation plate 24 to the side where the surface of the granulation plate 24 descends approaches the granulation plate 24. The solidified particles 5 drop onto the curing conveyor 2 from the outlet 25a of the enclosure.

Each of the examples is shown as a granulating device, but the granulating method of the present invention which can be extracted from this device has a function of a granulating material carrier moving from a low place to a high place to pull up the granulating material. It only has to happen.

[0023]

The first aspect of the present invention uses a granulating material carrier which moves from a low place to a high place, and by supplying the granulating material to the granulating material carrier, for example, the residue of an incinerator. If the mixture of incompletely solidified granules and fly ash from the fly ash solidification kneader for kneading ash is the granulation material, the fly ash adheres around the incompletely solidified granules, and further the granulation material carrier It has the effect of hitting and colliding and granulating.

In the second aspect of the present invention, since the endless granulation belt is wound around the pulleys which are diagonally arranged, it is possible to continuously granulate.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the solidified granulator of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a support member of the solidified granule granulator of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an operation of a solidified granule granulator.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a second embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a front sectional view of a third embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a fourth embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a side view of a conventional example.

9 (a), (b) and (c) are perspective views showing a granulation experiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Fly ash solidification kneader 4a, 4b Incompletely solidified granules 5 Solidified granules 7 Granulation belt 10 Solidified granules Granulator

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A method for forming a granulated material containing moist, incompletely solidified granules, fly ash, and cement as a solidified granule, wherein the upward surface moves from a low place to a high place. Using the body
By supplying the granulation material onto the granulation material carrier, the granulation material carrier lifts the granulation material from a high place to a high place and the gravity of the imperfect granules moves it from a high place to a low place. A granulating method in which fly ash and cement are incorporated around the imperfect granules by solidifying the wet imperfect granules on the granulation material carrier by counteracting the descending action. 2. A granulation material carrier is disposed below the discharge port of the fly ash solidification kneader, and the granule material carrier is an endless granulation belt whose upper surface is movable from a low place to a high place. A granulating apparatus characterized in that it is wound around upper and lower pulleys that are arranged at least obliquely at intervals, and either pulley or both pulleys are connected to a drive device.