JPH0626733A - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a heat-exchanger which effects the uniform flow of a refrigerant without forming a liquid reservoir and performs high efficient heat exchange in relation to a heat exchanger used as a vaporizer or a condenser having a flow divider, such as a header pipe, to effect branching of a flow to a plurality of refrigerant circuits, in a refrigeration cycle, such as a refrigeration device and an air conditioner. CONSTITUTION:A heat exchanger comprises an approximate cylindrical flow divider 13 having two sealed ends and provided at the interior with a partition 16 having a collision wall 16a formed in the shape of a cylinder and a plurality of injection nozzles 16b formed in the peripheral wall of the side of the collision wall, fins 15, and heat transfer pips 14a and 14b.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heat exchanger having a flow divider used as a header pipe or the like in refrigeration equipment, air conditioning equipment and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, in order to cope with a multi-refrigeration system and a plurality of circuits associated with a heat transfer tube of a heat exchanger having a smaller diameter, a header pipe as disclosed, for example, in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 63-17369. Refrigerant flow dividers such as the above are often used.

An example of the conventional heat exchanger described above will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 5 shows a conventional heat exchanger. In FIG. 5, reference numeral 1 denotes a heat exchanger, and cylindrical heat distributors 2 and 3 having both ends sealed have a plurality of heat transfer tubes 4a and 4b.
And a plurality of fins 5 are arranged on the heat transfer tubes 4a and 4b. Inlet / outlet pipes 6 and 7 are attached to the upper and lower sides of the partition 2a in the flow divider 2 to form a refrigerant circuit.

The operation of the heat exchanger configured as described above will be described below with reference to the drawings.

First, as a first operation, a case where the heat exchanger 1 is used as an evaporator will be described.

In FIG. 5, the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant flowing from the inlet / outlet pipe 7 into the flow distributor 2 is distributed to the plurality of heat transfer pipes 4b below the partition 2a and flows out. Then, the heat is exchanged with a gas such as air through a large number of fins 5 arranged in the heat transfer tube 4b to flow into the flow divider 3 while evaporating. The refrigerants merged in the flow distributor 3 flow upward in the flow distributor 3 and are distributed to the plurality of heat transfer tubes 4a above the partition 2a and flow out. Then, while further evaporating, it flows into the flow distributor 2 and flows out from the inlet / outlet pipe 6 attached to the flow distributor 2.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the flow divider 3, showing how the refrigerant flows, and the arrows in the figure indicate the direction of the refrigerant flow. The refrigerant that has flowed into the flow divider 3 from the heat transfer tube 4b and merged is in a two-phase state of gas and liquid, and the mixed state of gas and liquid is inhomogeneous and unstable depending on operating conditions (circulation amount, dryness, etc.). It is in a state.

Next, as a second operation, a case where the heat exchanger 1 is used as a condenser will be described with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 5, the refrigerant in the vapor phase flowing from the inlet / outlet pipe 6 into the flow distributor 2 is distributed to the plurality of heat transfer pipes 4a above the partition 2a and flows out. Then, heat is exchanged with a gas such as air through a large number of fins 5 arranged in the heat transfer tube 4a to flow into the flow divider 3 while being condensed. The refrigerants merged in the flow divider 3 flow downward inside the flow divider 3 and are distributed to the plurality of heat transfer tubes 4a below the partition 2a and flow out. Then, while further condensing, it flows into the flow distributor 2 and the inlet / outlet pipe 7 attached to the flow distributor 2 is attached.
Drained from.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the flow divider 3, in which the flow of the refrigerant is opposite to that in the case described with reference to FIG. 6 for the evaporator, but the mixed state of gas and liquid is inhomogeneous. The stable state is the same, and further, in this case, a liquid pool is formed in the lower part and the liquid pool fluctuates.

[0011]

However, in the above structure, when the heat exchanger is used as an evaporator, the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant flowing into the flow divider is separated into gas and droplets. In particular, when the droplets flow out to the plurality of heat transfer tubes, a large amount of the liquid drops flow out to the lower heat transfer tube due to the influence of gravity, and a large amount of vaporized gas flows out to the relatively upper heat transfer tube. Therefore, after that, the heat transfer tubes in the relatively upper portion do not evaporate much, and the heat exchange performance deteriorates. This state also varies depending on operating conditions and is also a very unstable state. Therefore, there is a problem in that the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger is reduced and stable evaporation characteristics cannot be maintained.

Therefore, the first object of the present invention is to have a flow divider that evenly distributes the refrigerant to each heat transfer tube when used as an evaporator, so that heat exchange can be performed efficiently and stably. .

Next, when the heat exchanger is used as a condenser, the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant flowing into the flow divider is still separated into gas and liquid droplets, and the liquid droplets are particularly affected by gravity. A liquid pool is formed in the lower part of the flow divider, the condensed liquid refrigerant flows into the relatively lower heat transfer tube, and a large amount of uncondensed gas flows into the relatively upper heat transfer tube. Therefore, after that,
Condensation is less likely to occur in the lower heat transfer tube.
This state also varies depending on operating conditions and is extremely unstable. Therefore, there is a problem that the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger is lowered and the stable condensation characteristic cannot be maintained.

Therefore, the second object of the present invention is to have a flow divider that evenly distributes the refrigerant to each heat transfer tube when used as a condenser, so that heat exchange can be performed efficiently and stably. . And the heat exchanger provided with the flow diverter which solves these 1st objective and 2nd objective simultaneously is provided.

[0015]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a heat exchanger according to the present invention has a substantially cylindrical flow distributor with both ends sealed, and a plurality of heat transfer tubes joined to the flow distributor. And a plurality of heat transfer fins arranged in the heat transfer tube, and a collision wall formed in a cylindrical shape inside the substantially cylindrical flow distributor, and a plurality of jets on a peripheral wall on a side surface of the collision wall. It has a structure with a partition having holes.

Further, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the heat exchanger of the present invention has a substantially tubular flow distributor whose both ends are sealed, a plurality of heat transfer tubes joined to the flow distributor, and the heat transfer device. The heat pipe has a large number of heat transfer fins and has a structure in which a partition having an ejection hole and a partition having a collision wall facing the ejection hole are provided inside the substantially cylindrical flow distributor. It is a thing.

[0017]

According to the present invention, the two-phase state of gas-liquid colliding with the collision wall formed in a cylindrical shape inside the substantially cylindrical flow divider is used regardless of whether it is used as an evaporator or a condenser. The refrigerant is homogeneously stirred and mixed, and is jetted from a plurality of jet holes provided in the peripheral wall on the side surface of the collision wall, whereby the mixing of gas and liquid is further promoted, without forming a liquid pool or the like, The homogenized refrigerant is evenly distributed to the plurality of heat transfer tubes, and heat can be efficiently exchanged.

Further, according to the present invention, when the invention is used as an evaporator, the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant ejected from the ejection holes inside the substantially cylindrical flow distributor collides with the opposing collision walls. As a result, gas-liquid mixing is promoted, the homogenized refrigerant is evenly distributed to the plurality of heat transfer tubes, and heat exchange can be efficiently performed. Further, when used as a condenser, the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant that collides with the collision wall is further ejected from the ejection holes after the mixing is promoted, so that a homogenized refrigerant without forming a liquid pool is generated. The heat is evenly distributed to a plurality of heat transfer tubes, and heat exchange can be performed more efficiently.

[0019]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an entire heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the present invention. Reference numeral 11 denotes a heat exchanger, and a plurality of flow distributors 12 and 13 each of which is sealed at both ends thereof are provided with a plurality of heat exchangers. Heat transfer tube 14
a and 14b are joined together, and a plurality of fins 15 are arranged on the heat transfer tubes 14a and 14b. Partition 1 for shunt 12
Inlet / outlet pipes 17 and 18 are attached above and below 2a to form a refrigerant circuit. Furthermore, inside the flow divider 13,
A partition 16 having a collision wall 16a formed in a cylindrical shape and a plurality of ejection holes 16b in a peripheral wall on the side surface of the collision wall 16a.
Are formed.

The operation of the heat exchanger 11 configured as described above will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

When used as an evaporator, the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant flows into the flow divider 12 from the inlet / outlet pipe 17.
Then, the refrigerant in the two-phase state is mixed and stirred in the flow divider 12 to be in a homogeneous state, and is evenly distributed to the heat transfer tubes 14b below the partition 12a, and passes through the fins 15 arranged in the heat transfer tubes 14b. Then, it evaporates while exchanging heat with a fluid such as air, and reaches the other flow divider 13 to join. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the state of the refrigerant inside the flow divider 13, and the arrows in the figure show the flow direction of the refrigerant. The vapor-liquid two-phase refrigerant that has merged in the flow divider 13 and has not completed evaporation travels upward inside the flow divider 13 and collides with the collision wall 16 a provided in the partition 16. Then, by further folding back toward the peripheral wall of the side surface of the collision wall 16a, the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant is sufficiently mixed with the gas-liquid, and becomes a homogeneous state in which the gas and the liquid are evenly distributed. Then, the refrigerant is ejected from the plurality of ejection holes 16b, flows out above the flow distributor 13, is evenly distributed to the plurality of heat transfer tubes 14a, and flows out. The refrigerant is the heat transfer tube 14
In a, the heat is further exchanged with a fluid such as air through the fins 15 to complete evaporation, and the vapor flows into the flow divider 12 and flows out from the inlet / outlet pipe 18.

On the other hand, when it is used as a condenser, the state of the refrigerant flowing is the reverse of the case explained in FIG. 2 as an evaporator, and in the vapor phase state in which it flows from the inlet / outlet pipe 18 into the flow divider 12 in FIG. The refrigerant is distributed to the plurality of heat transfer tubes 14a above the partition 12a and flows out. Then, through the fins 15 arranged in large numbers in the heat transfer tube 14a,
Flow divider 1 while condensing by exchanging heat with a gas such as air
Inflow to 3. The gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant that has merged in the flow divider 13 moves downward inside the flow divider 13 and collides with the collision wall 16a of the partition 16 to promote the mixing of gas and liquid, and further through the ejection holes 16b provided in the peripheral wall. It is squeezed and spouted. Therefore, the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant is sufficiently mixed with the gas-liquid, and becomes a homogeneous state in which the gas and the liquid are evenly distributed.
3 Without forming a liquid pool in the lower part, the liquid is evenly distributed and flows out to the plurality of heat transfer tubes 14b below the partition 12a. Then, the refrigerant flows through the fins 15 in the heat transfer tubes 14b.
Through which heat is further exchanged with a fluid such as air to complete condensation, flow into the flow divider 12, and flow out from the inlet / outlet pipe 17 attached to the flow divider 12.

As described above, according to this embodiment, the collision wall 1
The heat exchanger 11 efficiently and stably exchanges heat by distributing the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant evenly to the heat transfer tubes 14a or 14b by the flow divider 13 provided with the partition 16 having the 6a and the ejection holes 16b. Can be done.

Another embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 3 shows the entire heat exchanger according to another embodiment of the present invention. Reference numeral 21 denotes a heat exchanger, and a plurality of heat transfer elements 22 and 23, which are sealed at both ends thereof, have a plurality of transfer types. The heat pipes 24a and 24b are joined together, and a plurality of fins 25 are arranged on the heat transfer pipes 24a and 24b. Inlet / outlet pipes 28 and 29 are attached to the upper and lower sides of the partition 22a of the flow divider 22 to form a refrigerant circuit. Further, inside the flow divider 23, a partition 26 having a jet hole 26a and a partition 27 having a collision wall 27a facing the jet hole are formed.

The operation of the heat exchanger 21 configured as described above will be described below with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4.

When used as an evaporator, the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant flows into the flow divider 22 from the inlet / outlet pipe 28.
Then, the refrigerant in the two-phase state is mixed and stirred in the flow divider 22 to be in a homogeneous state, and is evenly distributed to the heat transfer tubes 24b below the partition 22a, and passes through the fins 25 arranged in the heat transfer tubes 24b. And evaporates while exchanging heat with a fluid such as air, and reaches the other flow divider 23 to join. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the state of the refrigerant inside the flow divider 23, and the arrows in the figure show the flow direction of the refrigerant. The vapor-liquid two-phase refrigerant that has merged in the flow divider 23 and has not completed evaporation flows upward inside the flow divider 23, is ejected from the ejection holes 26 a provided in the partition 26, and is further provided in the opposing partition 27. It collides with the collision wall 27a. Therefore, the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant is sufficiently mixed with the gas-liquid, and becomes a homogeneous state in which the gas and the liquid are evenly distributed. Then, it flows out above the flow distributor 23, is evenly distributed to the plurality of heat transfer tubes 24a, and flows out.
Then, the refrigerant further exchanges heat with a fluid such as air through the fins 25 in the heat transfer tube 24a to complete evaporation, and the flow divider 2
22 and flows out of the inlet / outlet pipe 29.

On the other hand, when it is used as a condenser, the flowing state of the refrigerant is the reverse of the case described in FIG. 4 as an evaporator, and in FIG. 3, it is in the vapor phase state where it flows into the flow divider 22 from the inlet / outlet pipe 29. The refrigerant is distributed to the plurality of heat transfer tubes 24a above the partition 22a and flows out. Then, via the fins 25 arranged in large numbers in the heat transfer tube 24a,
Flow divider 2 while condensing by exchanging heat with a gas such as air
Inflow to 3. The gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant that has merged in the flow divider 23 travels downward inside the flow divider 23, collides with the collision wall 27a of the partition 27, promotes the mixing of the gas and liquid, and further ejects in the opposing partition 26. It is squeezed by the hole 26a and ejected. Therefore, the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant is sufficiently mixed with the gas-liquid, becomes a homogeneous state in which the gas and the liquid are evenly distributed, and does not form a liquid pool in the lower part of the flow divider 23, and is below the partition 22a. The heat transfer tubes 24b are evenly distributed and flow out. The refrigerant is the heat transfer tube 24b.
Inside the fins 25, heat is further exchanged with a fluid such as air to complete the condensation, flow into the flow divider 22, and flow out from the inlet / outlet pipe 28 attached to the flow divider 22.

As described above, according to this embodiment, the collision wall 2
The heat exchanger 21 is efficiently and stably distributed by evenly distributing the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant to the heat transfer tubes 24a or 24b by the flow divider 23 provided with the partition 27 having 7a and the partition 26 having the ejection holes 26a. And heat exchange can be performed.

[0030]

As described above, the following effects can be obtained with the heat exchanger of the present invention.

The heat exchanger of the present invention has a substantially tubular flow distributor whose both ends are sealed, a plurality of heat transfer tubes joined to the flow distributor, and a plurality of heat transfer fins arranged on the heat transfer tubes. And a structure in which a partition having a collision wall formed in a cylindrical shape and a plurality of ejection holes on a peripheral wall on the side surface of the collision wall is provided inside the substantially cylindrical flow distributor, and an evaporator is provided. When used as, the refrigerant colliding with the collision wall formed into a cylindrical shape inside the substantially tubular flow distributor is homogeneously stirred and mixed, from a plurality of ejection holes provided in the peripheral wall on the side surface of the collision wall. By being jetted, gas-liquid mixing is further promoted, the homogenized refrigerant is evenly distributed to the plurality of heat transfer tubes, and heat can be efficiently exchanged. Also when used as a condenser, the refrigerant colliding with the cylindrical collision wall inside the substantially cylindrical flow distributor is uniformly stirred and mixed, and a plurality of refrigerants are provided on the peripheral wall on the side surface of the collision wall. By being ejected from the ejection holes of, the gas-liquid mixing is further promoted, and the homogenized refrigerant is evenly distributed to the plurality of heat transfer tubes without forming a liquid pool, and heat exchange can be efficiently performed.

Further, the heat exchanger of the present invention has a substantially tubular flow distributor whose both ends are sealed, a plurality of heat transfer tubes joined to the flow distributor, and a large number of heat transfer tubes arranged on the heat transfer pipe. It has a structure including a heat fin and a partition having an ejection hole inside the substantially cylindrical flow distributor, and a partition having a collision wall facing the ejection hole, and when used as an evaporator, The gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant ejected from the ejection holes inside the tubular flow distributor collides with the opposing collision walls, promoting gas-liquid mixing, and homogenizing the refrigerant evenly across the heat transfer tubes. The heat can be exchanged more efficiently. When it is used as a condenser, it collides with a partition having a collision wall to promote the mixing of gas and liquid, and is further squeezed and ejected by the ejection holes provided in the opposing partition. Therefore, the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant is sufficiently mixed with the gas-liquid, and the homogenized refrigerant is evenly distributed in the plurality of heat transfer tubes without forming a liquid pool, and heat exchange can be efficiently performed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a cross-sectional view of the flow divider of the heat exchanger of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a front view of a heat exchanger according to another embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a cross-sectional view of the flow distributor of the heat exchanger of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a front view of a conventional heat exchanger.

6 is a sectional view of a flow divider showing a refrigerant state when the heat exchanger of FIG. 5 is used as an evaporator.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing a refrigerant state of another flow divider.

[Explanation of symbols]

 11,21 Heat exchanger 12,13,22,23 Flow divider 14a, 14b, 24a, 24b Heat transfer tube 15,25 Fin 16, 26, 27 Partition 16a, 27a Collision wall 16b, 26a Jet hole

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Hiroaki Kase 3-22 Takaidahondori, Higashi-Osaka City, Osaka Prefecture Matsushita Refrigerator Co., Ltd. Address: Matsushita Refrigerating Machinery Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Teruhiko Hira 3-22, Takaidahondori, Higashiosaka City, Osaka Prefecture Matsushita Refrigerating Machinery Co., Ltd.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A substantially straight pipe-shaped flow divider whose both ends are sealed, a plurality of heat transfer tubes joined to the flow divider, and a plurality of heat transfer fins arranged on the heat transfer tube. A heat exchanger characterized in that a partition having a collision wall and a plurality of ejection holes is provided in a peripheral wall on a side surface of the collision wall inside the substantially cylindrical flow distributor. 2. A substantially tubular flow divider having both ends sealed, a plurality of heat transfer tubes joined to the flow divider, and a plurality of heat transfer fins arranged on the heat transfer tube. A heat exchanger characterized in that a partition having an ejection hole and a partition having a collision wall facing the ejection hole are provided inside the substantially cylindrical flow distributor.