JPH06262608A - Powder compression molding method and device therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a compressed molded piece having uniform density efficiently with high yield by changing relative position of a forming mold and a rammer head in accordance with a control program and ramming powder in the forming mold by compression molding at predetermined track, speed, and ramming times. CONSTITUTION:A predetermined weight of powder to be molded is put in a farming mold 2 set in a mold clamping device 26 on a mold setting stage 5 and the surface is smoothed. When instructions for moving to X and Y directions and Z-axis direction are given to horizontally moving devices 10, 11 and a vertically moving device 12 respectively in accordance with a control program containing designated track and speed of a rammer head 4 of an air rammer inputted previously in a computer through a device 13 for controlling the movement and up-and-down motion of the air rammer, these devices operate. A second movable frame 8 and an attaching base 9 are moved in the horizontal direction (directions of X-axis and Y-axis) and a first movable frame 7 is moved vertically (direction of Z-axis), so that the air rammer 3 is moved in the directions of X, Y, and Z-axes.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention is applied to a compression molding method and apparatus for powders, and in particular, to ceramics products used for furnace materials etc. used after firing after compression molding and other powder moldings. The present invention relates to a powder compression molding method and apparatus.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Ceramic products used for furnace materials and the like have various shapes. Many of these products have complicated shapes and are manufactured in small quantities, which is disadvantageous in terms of profitability when molding with a mechanical press, and molding of complicated shapes and thick products that require a core in the mold. For that reason, it is difficult to perform molding, and molding is performed by hand using an air rammer.

In the molding method in this case, an appropriate amount of water is added to the powder and kneaded, and a part of the resulting kneaded product is charged into a mold evenly, and a rammer is used until the surface becomes smooth. Repeatedly tamper with the head, scrape the smooth surface of the kneaded mixture that has been crushed to destroy the smooth surface, repeat the same process by adding an appropriate amount of the kneaded product, and finally compress. A means has been adopted in which the surplus surface layer portion is scraped off so that the thickness of the molded product has a predetermined dimension, and the surface is finished with a trowel to finish the molding.

At this time, in order to uniformly tamper with the product to obtain a product having a uniform density, the kneaded product in the mold is first tamped along the outer periphery of the mold, and then the inside of the mold is kept at a predetermined constant speed. It was necessary to carry out compression molding by pressure, which largely depends on the skill of the operator, and it was necessary to observe the tamped state during the work and confirm that it was tamped uniformly. For example, of the above-mentioned manual tamping process,
Once the smooth surface has been formed, the work of scraping off this surface portion is performed uniformly by forming a smooth surface in order to make sure that a product with a uniform density is produced, taking into consideration the variation in manual work. It is done only to confirm that it has been compacted, not the essential work required for compaction.

Further, since the weight of the air rammer itself is large and the vibration is directly applied to both hands during the work, there is a danger of white labor disease as well as heavy labor, and improvement of the work method has been strongly desired.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in order to mechanize the manual work by an air rammer, to save the labor of the molding work, and to reduce the labor, and the purpose was to perform the manual work. It is an object of the present invention to provide a powder compression molding method and an apparatus capable of efficiently compacting a compression molded product having uniform density without undergoing the above-mentioned steps for confirmation, and efficiently producing a compression molded product.

[0007]

In the powder compression molding method according to the present invention for achieving the above object, a powder to be molded is charged into a molding die, and the powder is compacted by an air rammer which moves up and down. In the compression molding method, the molding die and / or the air rammer arranged above the molding die is moved in accordance with a control program previously input to the movement / vertical movement control device of the molding die and / or the air rammer. Is characterized in that the relative position between the air ram and the air rammer is changed and the air rammer is moved up and down to solidify the powder in the molding die.

Further, the powder compression molding apparatus according to the present invention is
In a powder compression molding apparatus equipped with a molding die for charging powder to be molded and an air rammer arranged above the molding die for compacting the powder, a mold mounting table on which the molding die is mounted,
A movable frame disposed above the die mounting table and capable of moving up and down along a drive rod provided upright on the die mounting table, an air rammer installed on the movable frame, and for moving the air rammer horizontally. The horizontal moving device, the vertical moving device that moves the movable frame up and down to move the air rammer vertically, and the horizontal moving device and the vertical moving device are controlled, and the air rammer is moved horizontally and vertically according to the control program. The structural feature is that it is composed of a movement / vertical movement control device that causes the vertical movement.

A specific mode of the above powder compression molding apparatus is as follows.
A first movable frame which is arranged above the mold mounting table and can move up and down along a drive rod provided upright on the mold mounting table;
A second movable frame installed on the movable frame of
An air rammer installed on the second movable frame via the mounting base, a first horizontal moving device for horizontally moving the second movable frame along the first movable frame, and an air rammer on the mounting base. And a second horizontal moving device for moving the first movable frame in the horizontal direction along the second movable frame, and a vertical moving device for vertically moving the first movable frame for moving the air rammer in the vertical direction. It comprises a movement / vertical movement control device that controls the device and the vertical movement device and moves the air rammer in the horizontal and vertical directions according to a control program to perform vertical movement.

In the apparatus for carrying out the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, a mold 2 for charging powder to be molded is set on a mold mounting table 5, and the mold 2 is placed above the mold 2. On the other hand, the air rammer 3 is arranged so as to be movable in the XYZ directions, and the air rammer 3 is moved up and down while moving the air rammer 3 to compress and mold the powder in the molding die 2.

More specifically, movable frames 7, 7 which can move up and down along a drive rod 6 standing on the mold mounting table 5 are arranged above the mold mounting table 5, and the movable frames 7 are mounted on the movable frame 7. Equipped with Air Rammer 3. As a specific mode, the movable frame 7 is a first movable frame, the second movable frames 8 are disposed on the movable frame, and the air rammer is mounted on the second movable frame 8 via the mounting base 9. Install 3. When the air rammer moves up and down, the air rammer 3 is supported by the mounting base 9 by a spring structure (not shown) so that the vibration is not transmitted to other mechanical devices.

The four drive rods 6 provided upright on the die mounting table 5 are threaded and screwed into the screw holes provided in the first movable frame 7, as shown in FIG. Then, when the drive rod 6 is rotated by the vertical moving device (Z-axis direction moving device) 12 including the motor 16, the gear 23, and the belt 22, the first movable frame 7 moves vertically along the drive rod 6. To do. 24 is the first movable frame 7
Is a guide column that supports the vertical movement of the.

The second movable frames 8, 8 provided on the first movable frame 7 are, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3,
First composed of a motor 14, a gear 18 and a belt 17
By driving the horizontal moving device (X-axis direction moving device) 10, the horizontal moving device 10 can be moved horizontally along the rail 29 laid on the first movable frame 7. 19
Is a fixture for fixing the second movable frame 8 and the belt 17.

Mounting base 9 to which the air rammer 3 is attached
Is located on the lower surface of the second movable frame 8 and is particularly shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 11, a horizontal movement device (Y-axis direction movement device) 11 including a motor 15, a gear 21 and a belt 20.
Can be moved horizontally along the rail 30 laid on the lower surface of the second movable frame 8. Reference numeral 25 is a base of the powder compression molding apparatus 1, and 26 is a mold clamping device for fixing the molding die 2 to the mold mounting table 5.

The operation of the powder compression molding apparatus according to the present invention will be described. A predetermined weight of powder to be molded is loaded into the mold 2 set by the mold clamp device 26 on the mold installation table 5 to smooth the surface. To do. As shown in FIG. 4, the horizontal movement devices 10 and 11 and the vertical movement devices are controlled in accordance with a control program that preliminarily inputs to the computer the trajectory, speed, etc. of the head 4 of the air rammer via the movement / vertical movement control device 13 of the air rammer. X and Y on the device 12 respectively
When commands for axial movement and Z-axis movement are given, each device is driven according to the above-mentioned mechanism to move the second movable frame 8 and the mounting base 9 in the horizontal direction (X, Y axis directions), and The movable frame 7 of No. 1 is moved in the vertical direction (Z-axis direction) to move the air rammer 3 in the X-, Y-, and Z-axis directions. As a result, the head 4 of the air rammer moves along a predetermined track in the mold 2 according to the control program.

The operation of the vertical movement of the rammer head 4 of the air rammer will be described with reference to FIG.
Moves from the machine origin position in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction in accordance with the control program and reaches a predetermined position, the rammer head 4 descends in the Z-axis direction by the drive rod 6 at that position. When the tip portion of the head 4 reaches the surface of the powder P and penetrates to a certain depth, the pressure of the powder P is received and the descent of the head 4 is stopped. The air rammer 3 itself continues to descend, and when the limit switch 27 comes into contact with the detection ring 28 formed above the head 4, the limit switch 27 is activated and pressurized air is fed to the air rammer 3 to move the rammer head 4 up and down. Exercise starts, powder P
The tamping work begins.

For example, when a molded product S having a shape as shown in FIG. 6 is molded, a predetermined weight of powder P is charged into the molding die 2 to make the surface smooth, and the air rammer is moved to X according to the control program. It moves in the axial direction and the Y-axis direction and moves to a predetermined position, lowers the rammer head 4 in the Z-axis direction to start vertical movement, and crushes the powder P according to the trajectory and speed set in the control program. First, the rammer head 4 slowly makes one revolution while moving vertically on the outer peripheral portion. Then, the inside is moved zigzag earlier, and finally the outer periphery is slowly compacted again, and then the mechanical origin is returned to complete one cycle of operation. Then, a predetermined weight of powder is newly charged on the compacted powder to make the surface smooth, and the above operation is repeated. At the corners, it is good practice to stop the movement of the air rammer for a while or hit it at a slower speed. The amount of powder charged per operation is preferably 3 to 5 kg, and it is recommended that the powder be launched up to 30 to 40 mm in one cycle in one cycle, and the molding pressure is 4.5 to 5.5 kg.
It is desirable to set it to about / cm ² . The operation cycle is repeated, and the molding operation is completed when the mold is 10 to 15 mm higher than the molding surface.

In the operation of the above powder compression molding apparatus, the molding die 2 is fixed to the die mounting table 5, the air rammer 3 is moved in the X, Y, and Z axis directions according to the control program, and the molding die moves vertically. Although the method of compacting the powder has been described, the air rammer 3 is fixed or the air rammer 3 is fixed.
Is limited to the movement in the Z-axis direction, and the molding die 2 is moved in the X, Y, Z-axis directions or X, Y according to the control program.
A method of moving in the axial direction can also be adopted, and both the air rammer 3 and the molding die 2 are moved in the X, Y, and Z axis directions according to the control program, and the relative positions of the two are changed to perform the tamping work. You can also do it. Further, a method of adjusting and feeding the air pressure for the up-and-down movement of the air rammer 3 by a control program can also be adopted, and the tamping work can be easily performed by an arbitrary molding pressure.

[0019]

According to the method and apparatus of the present invention, the relative position between the molding die and the rammer head is changed in accordance with a control program previously input to the movement / vertical movement control device, and the inside of the molding die is moved at a predetermined orbit, speed and tamping frequency. Since it has a mechanism for compression-molding the powder, the powder is uniformly compacted through its action, and a compression-molded product having a uniform density can be efficiently and highly yielded. Obtainable.

[0020]

EXAMPLES Examples of the present invention will be described below in comparison with comparative examples.

Example 1 A powder-form kneaded material obtained by kneading 100% by weight of Al ₂ O ₃ particles with 5% by weight of water was mixed with a compression molding apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 to 3. It was molded into a product having a thickness of 100 mm having the shape shown in FIG. 6 to obtain 30 molded products. The operation of the rammer head in the tamping work is as follows. First, as shown in FIG. 7, tamper the outer peripheral portion at a head moving speed of 10000 mm / min, and then move the head at a speed of 20000 mm / min in the order of FIG. 8 and FIG. One cycle is a process of hitting the inside with a head, and finally, as shown in FIG. 10, solidifying the outer peripheral portion again at a head moving speed of 5000 mm / min. The diameter of the rammer head was 30 mm, the amount of the kneaded material charged was 4.0 kg / cycle, and the air pressure sent to the air rammer was 4.5 kg / cm ² .

The obtained molded product was heated to 1700 ° C. and fired under the condition of holding at this temperature for 2 hours. The apparent porosity, bulk specific gravity, and bending strength of the product obtained by firing were measured according to JIS R 2205 and JIS R 2213. The measurement results are shown in Table 1.

EXAMPLE 2 A powdery material kneaded product obtained by kneading a mixture of 95% by weight of SiC particles with 5% by weight of clay and 5% by weight of water was mixed in the same manner as in Example 1. Using a compression molding device shown in ~ 3 to mold into a product with a thickness of 100 mm in the shape shown in FIG.
30 molded products were obtained. The molding conditions were the same as in Example 1. The obtained molded product was heated to 1500 ° C. and fired under the condition of maintaining this temperature for 2 hours. The apparent porosity, bulk specific gravity, and bending strength of the product obtained by firing were measured according to JIS R 2205 and JIS R 2213. Table 1 shows the measurement results
It was shown to.

COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 1 A powder-form kneaded material obtained by kneading 100% by weight of Al ₂ O ₃ particles with 5% by weight of water was kneaded by a conventional manual operation, as shown in FIGS. Molding was performed according to the hardening pattern to obtain 30 molded products having a shape shown in FIG. 6 and having a thickness of 100 mm. The molded product thus obtained was heated to 1700 ° C., held at this temperature for 2 hours and fired, and then the apparent porosity, bulk specific gravity and bending strength of the product obtained by firing were measured in the same manner as in Example 1. did. The measurement results are shown in Table 1.

COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 2 A powdery powder kneaded product obtained by kneading a mixture of 95% by weight of SiC particles with 5% by weight of clay and 5% by weight of water was prepared by conventional manual operation, as shown in FIG. ~ Molded according to the tamping pattern shown in Fig. 10, the thickness 100 of the shape shown in Fig. 6
30 mm shaped products were obtained. The molded product obtained is 150
After heating to 0 ° C., holding at this temperature for 2 hours and firing, the product obtained by firing was measured for apparent porosity, bulk specific gravity, and bending strength in the same manner as in Example 1. The measurement results are shown in Table 1.

[0026]

[Table 1]

As can be seen from Table 1, all the products obtained according to the examples of the present invention have a dense structure having a smaller apparent porosity and a larger bulk specific gravity than the comparative examples, and also have a bending strength. It has improved significantly. Further, no defective products are generated, the product yield is 100%, the molding time is short, and the productivity is improved. Particularly, in molding Al ₂ O ₃ particle powder rather than in molding SiC particle powder, a remarkable difference in physical property values between the molded product according to the present invention and the molded product according to the conventional work was observed.

[0028]

As described above, according to the present invention, the compression molding of the powder molded product which should be fired after molding to be a ceramic product is efficiently performed with a high yield, and a homogeneous and dense product is obtained. be able to. Therefore, it is particularly useful in fields such as the furnace material industry.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an outline of one embodiment of a compression molding apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the compression molding apparatus of FIG.

FIG. 3 is another side view of the compression molding apparatus of FIG.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a control system of the compression molding apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of the operation of the rammer head in the compression molding device of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing an example of a powder molded product.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing an operating position and order of the rammer head in the embodiment.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing an operating position and order of the rammer head in the embodiment.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing the operating position and sequence of the rammer head in the embodiment.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing an operating position and order of the rammer head in the embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 compression molding device 2 molding die 3 air rammer 4 rammer head 5 type mounting table 6 drive rod 7 first movable frame 8 second movable frame 9 mounting base 10 first horizontal movement device 11 second horizontal movement device 12 vertical Moving device 13 Moving / up / down motion control device 14 Motor 15 Motor 16 Motor 17 Belt 18 Gear 19 Fixture 20 Belt 21 Gear 22 Belt 23 Gear 24 Guide pillar 25 Base 26 type Clamping device 27 Limit switch 28 Detection ring 29 Rail 30 Rail P Molded powder S Molded product

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Takayuki Yasukawa 5-12-8 Higashiyama-cho, Kasugai-shi, Aichi (72) Inventor Ikutoku Hokaku 394-5, Susari, Oyama-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A method for compression-molding by charging a powder to be molded into a mold and compacting the powder by an air rammer that moves up and down, in the mold and / or an air rammer arranged above the mold. By moving the molding die and / or the air rammer according to a control program previously input to the movement / vertical movement control device to change the relative position between the molding die and the air rammer, and moving the air rammer up and down to move the powder in the molding die. A powder compression molding method characterized by tampering. 2. A molding die is placed in a powder compression molding apparatus equipped with a molding die for charging powder to be molded and an air rammer arranged above the molding die for compacting the powder. A mold mounting table, a movable frame disposed above the mold mounting table and movable up and down along a drive rod erected on the mold mounting table, and an air rammer installed on the movable frame,
A horizontal moving device for moving the air rammer in the horizontal direction, a vertical moving device for vertically moving the movable frame to move the air rammer in the vertical direction, and a horizontal moving device and a vertical moving device for controlling the horizontal moving device and the vertical moving device. A powder compression molding apparatus comprising a movement / vertical movement control device for vertically moving by moving the horizontal and vertical directions. 3. A first movable frame disposed above the die mounting table and vertically movable along a drive rod provided upright on the die mounting table, and a first movable frame installed on the first movable frame. Second movable frame, an air rammer installed on the second movable frame via a mounting base, and a first horizontal movement device for horizontally moving the second movable frame along the first movable frame. A second horizontal moving device for moving the air rammer along with the mounting base in the horizontal direction along the second movable frame, and a vertical moving unit for vertically moving the first movable frame to move the air rammer in the vertical direction. A mover that controls the moving device, the horizontal moving device, and the vertical moving device, and moves the air rammer in the horizontal and vertical directions according to the control program to move vertically.
The powder compression molding apparatus according to claim 2, which comprises a vertical movement control device.