JPH06262465A - Chuck device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To attain high accurate machining by preventing a workpiece from side slipping due to cutting force in machining, in the case of mounting the workpiece on a machine tool of milling machine, machining center, etc. CONSTITUTION:A device has a sucker pad 1 for chucking a workpiece 5, reference pin 3 for obtaining reference of the workpiece 5, guide pin 2 serving as a stopper, switching valve for arbitrarily up/down switching the reference pin 3 and the guide pin 2 and a sucker surface 6 of increasing height by one step. In this way, side slipping, which is a difficult point of vacuum suction, can be prevented, and the workpiece, even when warped, can be accurately machined.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a device for chucking a material to be processed, and a processing device (mainly a machining device) equipped with the device.
Regarding

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a method for chucking a workpiece, there is a method by vacuum suction. Conventional vacuum suction devices include those shown in FIGS. 15 and 16.

In this vacuum suction device, a plurality of vacuum holes 902 are provided on the surface of a suction surface 901, and these vacuum holes 902 are provided.
Vacuum pipe 903 is connected to the suction surface 90.
The work piece is placed on the surface of No. 1, a vacuum is drawn from the vacuum pipe 903, and the work piece is held by using this vacuum suction force.

[0004]

However, such a vacuum suction device is vulnerable to an external force in the lateral direction, and when a workpiece is vacuum-sucked by, for example, milling or machining center machining, a lateral displacement occurs during machining. There is a problem of doing. This is a result of a small frictional force between the workpiece and the suction pad or the suction surface. As a method of preventing this, a vacuum suction pad using a rubber elastic body can be considered. However, even if the suction force is increased, there is a problem in that when a shocking external force is applied, it is displaced. Furthermore, if the material to be processed is not a sufficiently flat surface and is warped, chips and the like enter the gap between the material to be processed and the suction surface during processing, and lateral deviation easily occurs. Due to this lateral displacement, the processing accuracy becomes poor. In the worst case, the workpiece may even come off the suction surface during processing.

As one method for preventing such a lateral displacement, there is also a method in which a workpiece is pressed against a pin such as a reference pin while the workpiece is pressed. However, since the pin may interfere with the tool, there is a problem that the work cannot be processed in the vicinity of the contact between the work and the pin. The present invention has been made in view of such a conventional problem, and even if an external force in the lateral direction acts such that a lateral displacement occurs during processing, the lateral displacement can be reliably prevented, and the pin and the tool It is an object of the present invention to provide a chuck device that does not interfere with each other. Furthermore, it aims at providing the processing apparatus provided with this and the manufacturing method of such a chuck apparatus.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, the chuck device of the present invention has a plurality of pins,
It is characterized in that it can be individually moved up and down arbitrarily, and that the suction surface is one step higher than the other surfaces.

Here, it is preferable to use a simple lever type switching valve to move the pin up and down by air and a spring. When the chuck device of the present invention is mounted on an NC machine tool or the like, the operation of the lever type switching valve for moving the pin up and down is automatically performed by causing the machine to hold a pressing tool and operating it by an NC program. It is suitable.

The vacuum chucking surface of the chucking device is preferably one step higher than the other surfaces and is about 5 mm. The suction surface, which is one step higher, is 2 times larger than the outer circumference of the workpiece.
It is preferable to reduce the size by about 1 mm.

[0009]

When the workpiece is chucked by vacuum suction and milling or machining center is performed, the pins can be raised to serve as stoppers to prevent lateral displacement during processing. When the pin interferes with a tool or the like, the pin can be lowered to prevent the interference.

By making the suction surface of the chuck device by vacuum suction one step higher than the other surface, it is possible to prevent foreign matter such as chips from entering the gap between the contact surface and the workpiece even when the workpiece is not flat. It is possible to perform highly accurate processing without horizontal displacement.

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 14.

A case where the chuck device of the present invention is mounted on a machine tool such as a milling machine or a machining center will be described.

FIG. 1 shows the appearance of a chuck device by vacuum suction.

The workpiece 5 is vacuum-sucked by using the four suction pads 1. It is preferable that the suction pad 1 has a good sealing property such as an O-ring, a bellows rubber, a sheet rubber or the like.

First, the side surface of the work piece 5 is pressed against the three reference pins 3 to properly install the work piece 5. If the pins 3 do not interfere with each other during the cutting, the cutting work as it is helps to prevent the lateral displacement. However, to be more certain,
The methods shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 are effective.

That is, as shown in FIG. 3, the workpiece 5 is pressed against the reference pin 3 and vacuum-sucked by the suction pad 1, and the guide hole is located right above the guide pin 2 (the center axis is aligned). Open seven This guide hole 7 is a guide pin 2
It is preferable that the diameter is larger by 10 to 20 μm. However, the size is not limited to this, and may be in the range of 5 to 50 μm depending on the required accuracy of the work material.

Vacuum suction is performed from the vacuum pipe 10a, the guide pin 2 is raised, and the tip of the guide pin 2 is inserted into the guide hole 7. As a result, lateral displacement of the workpiece 5 during cutting can be reliably prevented. (When it does not interfere with a tool or the like, the reference pin 3 can also be raised to prevent further lateral displacement.) The mechanism for switching the reference pin 3 and the guide pin 2 up and down is as shown in FIG. . When the push button 4a of the switching valve 15a is pushed, the circuit with the vacuum pump 16 is connected, the cylinder 9a is vacuumed, and the four guide pins 2 are raised. When the push button 4b is pushed, the cylinder 9a is opened and the guide pin 2 is lowered by the spring 8a. When the push button 4c of the switching valve 15b is pushed, the reference pin 3 is moved down by vacuum suction of the cylinder 9b.
When the push button 4d is pushed, the cylinder 9b is opened and the reference pin 3 is raised by the spring 8b.

Push buttons 4a-4d and switching valve 15
The internal structure of a and 15b is as shown in FIGS. When the push buttons 4a and 4c are pushed in FIG. 7, the piston descends and the sealing portion 27a is sealed. When the vacuum pump connection port 25 and the cylinder connection port 26 are connected and connected to the reference pin 3, the reference pin 3 descends,
When connected to the guide pin 2, the guide pin 2 moves up. When the push buttons 4b and 4d are pushed in FIG. 8, the piston rises and the sealing portion 27b is sealed. When the atmosphere release port 24 and the cylinder connection port 26 are connected and connected to the reference pin 3, the reference pin 3 moves up, and when connected to the guide pin 2, the guide pin 2 moves down. The guide pin 2 and the reference pin 3 can be individually moved up and down.

In the above description, the guide pin 2 is 4
The example of moving up and down at the same time was described. However, the number is not limited to four and can be any number. In addition, as shown in FIG. 6, the switching valve 15 is attached to each pin.
If necessary, it is possible to move a plurality of units up and down individually. That is, in addition to the guide pin 2 and the reference pin 3, more pins may be provided. Here, the vertical movement of the guide pin 2 and the reference pin 3 may use compressed air as shown in FIG. 9 without using vacuum suction. That is, when the push button 4a of the switching valve 15a is pushed, the circuit with the compression pump 38 is connected, compressed air enters the cylinder 9a, and the four guide pins 2 rise. When the push button 4b is pressed, the cylinder 9a is released and the guide pin 2
Is lowered by the spring 8a. When the push button 4c of the switching valve 15b is pressed, compressed air enters the cylinder 9b and moves down the reference pin 3. When the push button 4d is pushed, the cylinder 9b is opened and the reference pin 3 is raised by the spring 8b.

The reference pin 3 has a screw 1 as shown in FIG.
It is fixed at 7, and can be easily removed and replaced if the reference pin 3 is deformed or damaged.

In the case of a machine equipped with an NC device, the operation of pushing down these push buttons 4a-4d is ATC.
In (automatic tool change), a tool for pushing the push buttons 4a to 4d as shown in FIG.
It is possible to push down with. The tool of FIG. 10 causes the holder to grip the shank 29, and pushes the push buttons 4a to 4d with the tip of the piston 31. When a force is applied to the piston 31, a spring 32 is contained in the cylinder so that an impact force is not applied to the machine spindle. These operations can be performed automatically.

When cutting the warped workpiece 5,
As shown in FIG. 12, the suction surface 13 is made smaller (about 2 mm) than the outer peripheral dimension of the work material 5 and made higher (about 5 mm) by one step, so that chips are generated in the gap between the work material 5 and the suction surface 13. It becomes difficult for foreign matter such as to enter. When the suction surface and the jig surface have the same height as shown in FIG. 11, chips and the like flow into the cutting fluid and enter the gap. By making it as shown in FIG. 12, the cutting fluid can be prevented from entering the suction surface and the invasion of cutting chips. However, the size of the suction surface is not limited to these. Depending on the size of the work material and the chuck device, the height may be in the range of 3 to 10 mm, or may be in the range of 2 to 5 mm smaller than the outer peripheral dimension of the work material.

In the above embodiment, the chuck device by vacuum suction has been described, but the chuck device is not limited to vacuum suction.
3, it can also be applied to a chuck device for mechanically holding as shown in FIG. When the workpiece 5 is chucked by the clamper 35 from above, it is weak against external force in the lateral direction like vacuum suction. If the reference pin 3 and the guide pin 2 are used as stoppers as described above, the lateral displacement is eliminated. That is, by using the present invention, it is possible to hold a work piece with a weak chucking force even when mechanically chucking, and it is very effective for a work piece that is not susceptible to deformation due to the chucking force. .

[0024]

When a conventional vacuum suction device as shown in FIGS. 15 and 16 is used to perform processing with a milling machine, a machining center or the like, the suction force is weak and cutting is almost impossible. Even if it can be done, the processing accuracy is 100 to 20.
The limit was 0 μm. On the other hand, according to the chuck device by vacuum suction of the present invention, the lateral displacement of the workpiece can be reliably prevented, and the processing accuracy is within 20 μm. As a result, it is possible to omit the finishing process by a separate machine. Also, when each pin interferes with a tool or the like, the NC can be used to operate the switching valve to arbitrarily move up and down, and this can be automatically performed without using human hands. The vacuum suction can be easily automated by combining these functions because the chucking of the material to be processed is extremely simple, and is extremely effective when applied to mass production.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a top view of a chuck device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG.

3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line I-I in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line I-I in FIG. 1.

FIG. 5 is an internal piping diagram of the chuck device according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an internal piping diagram when the chuck device according to the present invention is applied.

FIG. 7 is an internal structure diagram of a lever type switching valve during vacuum suction.

FIG. 8 is an internal structural diagram of a lever type switching valve when the atmosphere is opened.

FIG. 9 is an internal piping diagram of a chuck device using compressed air.

FIG. 10 is a view of a tool for pressing a switching button 15.

FIG. 11 is a side view showing a case where a warped work material is set in a chuck device in which a suction surface and a jig surface have the same height.

FIG. 12 is a side view showing a case where a warped work material is set in a chuck device in which a suction surface is one step higher than a jig surface.

FIG. 13 is a top view when a mechanical clamper system is applied to the chuck device of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a side view when a mechanical clamper system is applied to the chuck device of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a top view of a conventional chuck device using vacuum suction.

FIG. 16 is a side view of a conventional chuck device using vacuum suction.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... suction pad, 2 ... guide pin, 3 ... reference pin, 4
a, 4b, 4c, 4d ... push button, 5 ... work material, 6
... Suction surface, 7 ... Guide holes, 8a, 8b ... Spring, 9a, 9
b ... cylinder, 10a, 10b, 10c ... vacuum piping, 1
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Seal material, 12 ... O ring, 13a, 13b ... Piston, 14 ... Relay joint, 15a, 15b ... Switching valve,
16 ... Vacuum pump, 17 ... Screw, 18 ... Bolt, 19 ...
Positioning pin, 20 ... Spring, 21 ... Lever, 22 ... Piston, 23 ... Spring, 24 ... Atmosphere opening port, 25 ... Vacuum pump connection port, 26 ... Cylinder connection port, 27
a, 27b ... sealing part, 28 ... fulcrum, 29 ... shank, 3
0 ... Nut, 31 ... Piston, 32 ... Spring, 33 ... Air vent hole, 34 ... Cutting fluid level, 35 ... Clamper, 36 ...
Tightening bolts, 37 ... Support pieces, 38 ... Compression pump 39 ... Jig surface

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Mitsuyoshi Tani 1 Horiyamashita, Hadano-shi, Kanagawa Hitachi, Ltd. General-purpose computer division (72) Inventor Hideaki Sasaki 1 Horiyamashita, Hadano, Kanagawa Hitachi, Ltd. General-purpose computer division (72) Inventor Susumu Mori 2-9-1, Aize-cho, Hitachi-shi, Ibaraki Hitachi Equipment Engineering Co., Ltd.

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A chucking device for chucking a workpiece, wherein a pin can be arbitrarily moved up and down as needed. 2. The chuck device according to claim 1, wherein in the chuck device, a pin is moved up and down by pushing a push button. 3. The chuck device according to claim 2, wherein the push button is mounted on an NC machine tool or the like, and can be automatically operated by an NC program by a tool. 4. The chuck device according to claim 3, wherein each of the push buttons corresponds to a plurality of pins, and each pin can be operated individually. 5. The chuck device according to claim 1, wherein a contact surface for chucking the workpiece is formed to be one step higher than the other surface. 6. The chuck device according to claim 1, wherein the head of the pin that can be moved up and down is removable.