JPH0624568Y2 - nut - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Industrial field of application> The present invention relates to an improvement of a nut screwed to a bolt.

<Prior art> By screwing with a bolt passed through a hole provided in a conventional material,
A nut for tightening the material is used as a general tool for tightening together with a bolt. At the time of screwing, the lead angle of the nut and the bolt is determined so that the nut and the bolt are not loosened by the repulsive force from the tightened material.

However, even though the repulsive force of the bolt with respect to the longitudinal direction of the shank can be restrained by such a configuration, for example, when the tightened material causes vibration in the rotation direction about the shank (especially, when the plurality of overlapped plural When the materials of (1) are displaced from each other), the biasing force in the spiral direction is induced, and the nut often loosens.

Then, as a means for solving this problem, for example, it is proposed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 47-15858.

This one is composed of a nut and a washer, and a taper portion protruding toward the tip side is provided at the tip of the nut, and
By providing a conical surface for receiving the tapered part at the inner peripheral rear part of the nut, and when tightening the nut while pressing the tapered part against the conical surface, the tapered part is bent inward by the conical surface. The nut is designed so that it will not easily loosen from the threaded portion of the bolt even when it is subjected to vibration.

However, in this one, since the taper portion is extended from the nut, it is difficult to bend the taper to such an extent that the screw portion of the bolt can be strongly urged when tightening the nut. Even if it bends, the restoring force that tries to return it works, and it is difficult to strongly urge the screw part of the bolt.

On the other hand, since the tapered portion is formed by extending from the nut, the threaded portion of the nut is long. As a result, there is a problem in that the number of rotations of the nut increases when tightening the nut, which makes the tightening work troublesome.

<Problems to be solved by the invention> The present invention has been proposed in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to securely tighten the nut without loosening from the threaded portion of the bolt even when subjected to vibration. It is to provide a nut that can be tightened easily.

<Means for Solving the Problems> The present invention solves the above problems by providing a nut having the following features.

The nut of the present invention comprises a nut body, a split nut separate from the nut body, and a washer attached to the shank of the bolt prior to the nut body.

It has a nut main body, a split nut separate from the nut main body, and a washer attached to the shank of the bolt prior to the nut main body.

The nut body has a flange portion projecting to the front end side at the front portion facing the bolt head. By disposing the collar portion on the peripheral portion of the shank, a split nut rear portion receiving portion for receiving the rear portion of the split nut is defined between the inner periphery of the collar portion and the shank.

The split nut is composed of a plurality of split nut component pieces. And
These split nut constituent pieces are arranged in the split nut rear receiving portion so as to surround the shank while providing a gap between the split nut constituent pieces, and the split nut constituent pieces can move in the shank direction. It is said that

The washer has a raised portion projecting rearward on the rear portion facing the nut body. The bulged portion forms a split nut front portion receiving portion that receives the front portion of the split nut between the inner periphery of the raised portion and the shank.

This ridged portion is inserted between the inner periphery of the collar portion of the nut body and the outer periphery of the split nut while urging the split nut in the shank direction as the nut body is tightened and simultaneously urging the collar portion in the radially outward direction. It is arranged as follows.

Further, as described in claim 2, the raised portion of the washer is composed of an annular member which is separate from the washer, and the annular member is provided between the inner periphery of the collar portion of the nut body and the outer periphery of the split nut. ,
The above problem is solved by providing a nut in which the split nut is biased in the shank direction as the nut body is tightened, and at the same time, the collar portion is biased radially outward to be inserted.

Further, as described in claim 3, the raised portion of the washer is formed by eccentricizing the inner periphery and the outer periphery thereof, and the raised portion is formed between the inner periphery of the collar portion of the nut body and the outer periphery of the split nut. The above problem is solved by providing a nut that is arranged between the nut body and the shank so that the nut body is tightened while being eccentric with the tightening of the nut body.

<Operation> In the present invention, since the raised portion of the washer is arranged so as to bite between the collar portion of the nut body and the split nut when the nut body is tightened, the split nut is attached in the shank direction by the raised portion. At the same time as urging, the collar portion can be urged radially outward.

That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the inner bottom surface (1) of the nut body (1) is
When the nut body (1) is tightened while the 5) and the rear surface of each split nut (2) are in contact with each other, the split nut (2) pushes downward on the rear surface from the nut body (1). By receiving, it moves to the lower side. In addition, since the inner peripheral surface (9) of the washer (3) is formed in a mortar shape, the movement of the washer (3) moves downward and simultaneously in the shank direction. When the threaded portion (18) of each split nut (2) comes into contact with the thread (5) of the shank, each split nut (2) cannot move downward as it is, but each split nut (2 ) There is still a sufficient gap between the threaded portion (18) and the thread (5) of the shank, and the split nut (2) consists of multiple pieces, so each split nut (2 ) Is ready to move freely in the shank direction. Therefore, from that state, the nut body
When (1) rotates, the pressing force of the nut body (1) received on the rear surface of each split nut (2) will be between the rear surface of each split nut (2) and the inner bottom surface (15) of the nut body (1). It becomes a slip resistance, and each split nut (2) receives a rotational force from the nut body (1), starts to rotate along the screw thread (5) of the shank, and moves downward while rotating. Moreover, the movement is made by the inner peripheral surface (9) of the washer (3).
It is also moved in the shank direction by being guided to, until the clearance between the threaded portion (18) of each split nut (2) and the thread (5) of the shank disappears. When the nut body (1) is further tightened from that state, each split nut (2) attempts to move in the shank direction while rotating along the shank threads (5) due to the above-mentioned slip resistance, resulting in ,
Each split nut (2) can be biased in the shank direction. At that time, the split nut (2) biased in the shank direction
Since it is composed of a plurality of constituent pieces, the restoring force due to the bias does not act, and the received force can be used as the tightening force as it is. This allows the split nut (2) to be securely tightened.

On the other hand, as the nut body (1) is tightened, the nut body (1)
The collar portion (1a) of the washer contacts the outer peripheral surface of the raised portion (8) of the washer (3) and biases the raised portion (8) in the shank direction, so that the reaction force corresponding to the biasing force is applied to the raised portion (1a). Received from 8) in the radial direction.

As described above, the nut body can be securely fixed to the bolt by the raised portion and the split nut.

Further, at that time, since the split nut is composed of a plurality of split nut constituent pieces that are separate from the nut body, it is possible to prevent the screw length of the nut body itself from becoming long, and the efficiency of the tightening operation deteriorates. Can be prevented.

Further, as described in claim 2, the raised portion of the washer can be easily manufactured by forming the raised portion of the washer separately from the washer.

Further, as described in claim 3, the raised portion of the washer is formed by eccentricity of the inner circumference and the outer circumference thereof, and the raised portion is formed with the inner circumference of the collar portion of the nut body and the outer circumference of the split nut. By arranging the nut body between them, the nut body can be tightened while being eccentric to the shank as the nut body is tightened. As a result, the nut body can be biased in the radial direction by the eccentric load in addition to the radial biasing force of the raised portion and the split nut.

<Embodiment> A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be illustratively described in detail below with reference to the drawings. However, the dimensions, shapes, materials, relative positions, etc. of the components described in this embodiment are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention to them unless otherwise specified. , It is just an example of explanation.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention. (1) is the nut body,
(2) is a split nut, (3) is a washer, and these constitute a nut. (4) is the shank of the bolt, and the thread (5) is cut on the outer peripheral surface. Although the head portion of the bolt is omitted in the drawing, the head portion is described below. (100) is the material to be tightened. The bolt may be a right-handed screw or a left-handed screw, and each member described later that is screwed into the bolt naturally corresponds to this selection.

The washer (3) precedes the nut body (1) and the shank of the bolt.
It is loosely fitted into (4). The washer (3) could be implemented as a screw with the bolt, but here it has a through hole (6) somewhat larger than the diameter of the shank (4) of the bolt, A loose fit is shown. The washer (3) has a split nut receiving portion (7) substantially at the center of the surface facing the nut body (1), that is, at the rear substantially in the center. The shank (4) of the bolt is located approximately in the center inside the receiving part. That is, the receiving space of the receiving portion (7) surrounds the shank (4) and is coordinated.

This receiving part (7) is recessed (retracted) in the center of the rear end face of the washer (3).
The washer (3) is shown as being provided as part
The rear end face may be left flat and formed only by the raised portion (8) described later. For example, when the cutout portion (11) is formed in the raised portion (8) described later, a protrusion protruding in the cutout portion (11) may be provided on the rear end surface of the washer (3) to serve as the receiving portion (7). The receiving part (7) has the purpose of positioning the split nut (2), which will be described later, for the first purpose.
If the force relationship with (2) can be ignored, it can be carried out without forming it on the washer (3) as described above, using only the space surrounded by the raised portion (8) as the receiving portion (7). is there.

Further, as the receiving portion (7), the one in which the diameter of the inner peripheral surface is gradually reduced toward the inside, that is, the receiving portion (7) is formed in the shape of a mortar. By forming in this manner, the split nut (2) described later can be easily arranged and the biasing force can be transmitted more efficiently. Of course, it is possible not to form the mortar shape, but to implement it, for example, with a constant inner diameter to the back.
Also, the mortar shape is not limited to a curved inner peripheral surface, for example, a plurality of flat surfaces are combined to form a receiving portion (7).
It may have a gradient toward the inside.

The peripheral edge of the receiving portion (7) has a raised portion (8) raised rearward (upward in FIG. 1) of the washer (3), and the opening portion of the receiving portion (7) is surrounded by this. The inner peripheral surface (9) of the raised portion (8) forms a part or all of the mortar-shaped inner peripheral surface of the receiving portion (7). Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the outer peripheral surface (10) of the raised portion (8) is tapered so that the outer diameter gradually increases toward the base portion.

In FIG. 1, the raised portion (8) is shown as a continuous ridge, but as shown in FIG. 4, it has an appropriate number of discontinuous portions or notched portions (11). Even if there is, it can be implemented. In Figure 4, this notch (1
Although 1) is illustrated as having two, it is possible to implement one or more than two. Here, the cutout portion (11) is drawn to the base of the raised portion (8), but the cutout portion (11) is not limited to this and may be cut out only near the top. Further, in each of the above-mentioned or later-described embodiments, the top portion (12) of the raised portion (8) is shown as having a chamfer, but the one having a vertex, that is, the raised portion (8) is Even a wedge-shaped one can be implemented.

The raised portion (8) may be located substantially in a perfect circle centering on the axial center of the bolt, but an eccentric portion is also effective. In this case, even if only the outer peripheral surface (10) is eccentric, it is effective. This is to obtain the same effect as in the case where the raised portion (8) described later is configured as an eccentric annular body.

After the split nut (2) described below is attached to the above-mentioned receiving part (7),
The nut body (1) is screwed with the shank (4) of the bolt by the central screwing portion (13).

The nut body (1) is disclosed below on the assumption that it is a hexagonal nut, but any other type of nut may be used as long as it has a female thread at the shaft center (a tool for tightening. Can be selected as appropriate).

A receiving recess (14) is provided on the surface of the nut body (1) facing the washer (3), that is, on the front part. The receiving recess (14) is formed by a flange (1a) having a tubular shape and protruding from the outer peripheral portion of the nut body (1) to the front side. The receiving recess (14) receives the split nut (2) described later together with the receiving portion (7) described above. More specifically, the split nut (2) and the above-mentioned raised portion
It accepts (8).

The inner bottom surface (15) of the receiving recess (14) is the split nut (2) described later.
Corresponds to the rear of the. And the inner peripheral surface (16) of the receiving recess (14)
Is shaped like a mortar. That is, it is formed as a tapered surface so that the diameter gradually decreases toward the inside of the receiving recess (14). Of course, the inner peripheral surface (16) is similar to the above-mentioned receiving part (7).
Is not limited to a curved surface, and for example, a plurality of flat surfaces may be combined and have a gradient toward the inside of the receiving recess (14). In this case, the shape of the ridge (8) outer peripheral surface (10) is also formed as a composite surface of a plane corresponding to this, or
If it is a curved surface, it is necessary to reduce the outer diameter to some extent.

The split nut (2) must first be attached to the outer peripheral surface of the shank (4) (thread
It is received between (5)) and the inner peripheral surface of the receiving portion (7).

Here, the split nut is a nut having a shape that is divided in the radial direction around the portion that is screwed into the bolt, and is adjacent to each other when each small piece that constitutes the split nut is screwed into the bolt. There is an appropriate gap between the small pieces.

Here, the split nut (2) is composed of an appropriate number of split nut component pieces that surround the shank, and each split nut component piece is to be screwed onto the shank on a surface corresponding to the outer peripheral surface of the shank. It has a threaded portion (18). In this embodiment, the portion abutting on the inner peripheral surface (9) of the receiving portion (7), that is, the outer peripheral surface (17) thereof
Has a tip facing the head of the bolt, and has a diameter gradually decreasing toward the tip. That is, the outer peripheral surface (17) has a taper. Of course, this taper may not be a curved surface but may be a combination of a plurality of planes and having a gradient. However, as described below, the split nut
(2) is not limited to tapering.

FIG. 2 shows a sectional view taken along line XX of FIG. Here, the split nut (2) consisting of two constituent pieces is disclosed, but it is also possible to implement a split nut (2) consisting of two or more constituent pieces, and it is assumed to be composed of one constituent piece and formed in a C-shape in plan view. However, it can be implemented.

Next, the function of the split nut of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

From the state where the washer (3), each split nut (2), and nut body (1) are set in order, and the inner bottom surface (15) of the nut body (1) and the rear surface of each split nut (2) are in contact. , Further nut body
Tighten (1). At that time, in the nut body (1), a rotational force and a downward pressing force due to the rotational force are generated,
Since each split nut (2) consists of a separate body from the nut body (1) and is movable to the lower side and the shank direction side, first, each split nut (2) is ) Receives almost no rotational force from the bottom of the washer, and the outer peripheral surface (17) of each split nut (2) becomes the inner peripheral surface of the washer (3).
You will be guided by (9) and move downward as it is. Moreover, since the inner peripheral surface (9) of the washer (3) is formed in a mortar shape, the movement of the washer (3) moves downward and simultaneously in the shank direction. When the threaded portion (18) of each split nut (2) comes into contact with the thread (5) of the shank, each split nut (2) cannot move downward as it is, but each split nut (2 ), There is still a sufficient gap between the threaded portion (18) of the shank and the thread (5) of the shank, and since the split nut (2) consists of two components, each split nut (2 ) Is free to move without any restraint in the shank direction. Therefore, if the nut body (1) rotates further from that state,
Since the downward movement of each split nut (2) is suppressed, the pressing force of the nut body (1) received on the rear surface of each split nut (2) causes the rear surface of each split nut (2) and the nut body (2). It becomes a slip resistance between the inner bottom surface (15) of (1) and each split nut (2) receives a rotational force from the nut body (1). As a result, as the nut body (1) rotates, the nut body (1) starts to rotate along the thread (5) of the shank so as to be dragged by the nut body (1), and moves downward while rotating. In addition, the movement is guided by the inner peripheral surface (9) of the washer (3) in which the outer peripheral surface (17) of the split nut (2) is formed in a mortar shape, and each split nut (2) also moves in the shank direction. Move the threaded part (1) of each split nut (2).
This is done until there is no gap between the 8) and the shank thread (5). When the nut body (1) is further tightened from that state, each split nut (2) tries to move in the shank direction while rotating along the thread (5) of the shank due to the above sliding resistance, and as a result. The split nuts (2) are biased in the shank direction. At this time, since the split nut (2) biased in the shank direction is composed of two constituent pieces, the restoring force accompanying the bias does not act, and the received force can be used as the tightening force as it is. This allows the split nut (2) to be securely tightened.

In addition to this, the inner peripheral surface (16) of the receiving concave portion (14) has a ridge (8).
The restoring force or the reaction force from the raised portion (8) is received, and the force to urge the shank (4) by the screwing portion (13) is obtained by using these forces as moments. Therefore, the force generated on the radial surface of the shank (4), that is, the tightening force is further enhanced.

Here, the outer peripheral surface (17) of the split nut (2) and the inner peripheral surface of the receiving portion (7)
(9) By making both taper slopes different, that is, the slope of the inner peripheral surface (9) of the receiving part (7) is larger than the slope of the outer peripheral surface (17) of the corresponding split nut (2). However, when the split nut (2) reaches the specified position (here, the lowest part of the receiving part (7)), it is pushed out and becomes the same as the slope of the split nut (2) outer peripheral surface (17). Anything is effective.
However, this kind of structure will be described later in detail with the nut body (1).
It is sufficient to perform it between the inner peripheral surface (16) of the receiving recess (14) and the outer peripheral surface (10) of the raised portion (8), and not between the split nut (2) and the raised portion (8). No problem. On the contrary, split nut (2) and ridge
If such a configuration is adopted between (8), the nut body
It is not necessary to use a taper or a structure equivalent thereto between the inner peripheral surface (16) of the receiving recess (14) and the outer peripheral surface (10) of the raised portion (8) of (1) (the split nut (2 The outer diameter of) is constant, and the inner diameter of the receiving part (7) is constant). In this case, when the ridge is expanded, the outer peripheral surface (10)
Is an object having a desired taper (an object to be held), it is possible to exchange forces between the outer peripheral surface (10) and the inner peripheral surface (16) described later. That is, the nut body (1) can be directly involved in the force exchange in the radial plane of the shank.

The above-mentioned raised portion (8) outer peripheral surface (10) and nut body (1) receiving recess (1
4) The embodiment of the inner peripheral surface (16) will be described in more detail. Ridge
(8) Outer peripheral surface (10) and nut body (1) Receiving recess (14) Inner peripheral surface (16)
, Explained that the taper corresponding to each other,
This means that both tapers are forced to have the same slope when they are in complete contact. Therefore, in order to generate an urging force in the shank direction, it is necessary to implement it so that the inclination of the inner peripheral surface (16) of the receiving recess (14) has a greater inclination than the inclination of the outer peripheral surface (10) of the raised portion (8). Is effective.
However, by making the outer diameter of each position of the ridge (8) larger than the inner diameter of the corresponding position of the receiving recess (14), the ridge (8)
It can be carried out even if the gradient of the outer peripheral surface (10) is larger than that of the inner peripheral surface (16) of the receiving recess (14). this is,
This also includes a case where only one of the outer peripheral surface (10) and the inner peripheral surface (16) has a taper and the other has no taper. In short, the effect of the present invention can be obtained if the "forced" fitting between the receiving concave portion (14) and the raised portion (8) can be performed. From this, the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 has the same effect. That is, the above-mentioned raised portion (8) is provided on the nut body (1) side, and the split nut (2) is inverted and received.

Further, the raised portion (8) can be configured not to belong to either the washer (3) or the nut body (1), that is, as a member separate from both. An example is shown in FIG. This is because the raised portion (8) described in each of the above-mentioned embodiments is a washer.
It is not integrated with (3). That is, annular body (8 ')
It is configured by using. The cross-sectional shape of the annular body (8 ') may be the same as the cross-sectional shape of the raised portion (8) in each of the above-mentioned embodiments. Thus, by using the annular body (8 ') independent of the washer (3), it is possible to efficiently transmit the force without receiving the restoring force from the washer (3) when the tightening force is applied. The other annular body (8 ') can be embodied as a circular cross section shown in FIG. 5, a rectangular cross section shown in FIG. 6, or an elliptical cross section shown in FIG. In addition, it shall have a semi-circular or semi-elliptical cross-sectional shape,
The base is also effective if it is chamfered (in this case the base may be made integral with the washer (3) and formed as a ridge (8)).

Further, the outer circumference and the inner circumference of the annular body (8 ') may be eccentrically formed. By doing so, by disposing the split nut (2) on the inner peripheral portion, the outer periphery of the annular body (8 ') can be disposed so as to be eccentric relative to the shank axis. Therefore, as you tighten the nut body (1), the nut body (1)
The inner circumference of the collar part (1a) is guided along the outer circumference of the annular body (8 '), the nut body (1) receives an eccentric load, and is tightened while eccentric to the shank shaft center. Go. Therefore,
After tightening, the nut body (1) is in a state of being urged in the radial direction by this eccentric load in addition to the radial urging force of the split nut (2) and the annular body (8 '). It will be securely fixed. The eccentric function of the annular body (8 ') can obtain the same effect when the raised portion (8) integrally extended from the washer (3) is eccentric.

In each of the above embodiments, when the annular body (8 ') or the raised portion (8) is eccentric, the nut body (1) does not need to be screwed with the shank (4), and the washer shown in FIG. Shank (4) as in (3)
It may be loosely fitted.

Further, the side surface of the nut body (1) may protrude laterally from the side surface of the washer (3) (the outer diameter may be large). Conversely, the side surface of the washer (3) may protrude from the side surface of the nut body (1).

When the washer (3) is screwed to the shank (4), it is effective to form the outer peripheral surface into a shape that engages with the tightening tool like the nut body.

<Advantages of the Invention> As described above, according to the present invention, by tightening the nut body, it is possible to urge the split nut in the shank direction by the raised portion and simultaneously urge the collar portion in the radially outward direction. As a result, the nut body can be securely fixed to the bolt by the raised portion and the split nut, and the loosening can be completely prevented even when vibration or the like is received.

Further, at that time, since the split nut is composed of a plurality of split nut constituent pieces which are separate from the nut body, it is possible to prevent the efficiency of the tightening operation from being deteriorated. Moreover, since a plurality of split nut component pieces are arranged so as to surround the shank while providing a gap between the split nut component pieces, the urging force of the split nut component pieces in the shank direction due to the tightening of the nut body is surely ensured. The shank can be biased.

Further, as described in claim 2, by forming the raised portion of the washer from a separate member from the washer, the production can be made easy and the production cost can be reduced.

Further, as described in claim 3, the raised portion of the washer is formed by eccentricity of the inner circumference and the outer circumference thereof, and the raised portion is formed with the inner circumference of the collar portion of the nut body and the outer circumference of the split nut. By arranging the nut body between them, the nut body can be tightened while being eccentric to the shank as the nut body is tightened. As a result, the nut body can be biased in the radial direction by the eccentric load in addition to the radial biasing force of the raised portion and the split nut, and the nut body can be more securely fixed to the bolt.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a central longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line XX thereof. Figure 3 shows
It is a central longitudinal cross-sectional view showing another embodiment. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an essential part showing another embodiment. FIG. 5 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of an essential part showing another embodiment, and FIGS. 6 and 7 are longitudinal cross-sectional views of an essential part showing another embodiment accompanying this. (1) …… nut body, (2) …… split nut, (3) …… washer,
(4) …… shank, (6) …… through hole, (7) …… receptacle, (8)
...... Insertion hole, (14) ...... Receiving recess, (8 ') ...... Annular body

Claims (3)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A nut main body, a split nut separate from the nut main body, and a washer attached to the shank of the bolt prior to the nut main body. The nut main body faces the bolt head. The front part has a flange part projecting toward the front end side, and this flange part is arranged on the peripheral part of the shank to receive the rear part of the split nut between the inner peripheral part of the flange part and the shank. The nut rear receiving part is divided and formed, and the split nut is composed of a plurality of split nut constituent pieces.The split nut constituent pieces form a shank in the split nut rear receiving portion while providing a gap between the split nut constituent pieces. The split nut component pieces are arranged so as to be enclosed so that each split nut component piece is movable in the shank direction, and the washer has a raised portion protruding rearward at the rear portion facing the nut body. Between the inner circumference of the ridge and the shank The front part of the split nut is formed to receive the front part of the split nut.The raised part is located between the inner circumference of the collar part of the nut body and the outer circumference of the split nut. A nut characterized in that the nut is arranged so as to enter while simultaneously urging the collar part in the radial direction. 2. The raised portion of the washer is composed of an annular member which is separate from the washer, and the annular member is provided between the inner periphery of the flange portion of the nut body and the outer periphery of the split nut. The nut according to claim 1, wherein the split nut is biased in the shank direction as it is tightened, and at the same time, the collar portion is biased radially outward to enter the nut. 3. A raised portion of the washer is formed by eccentricity of an inner periphery and an outer periphery of the washer, and the raised portion is provided between an inner periphery of a flange portion of the nut body and an outer periphery of the split nut. The nut according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the nut body is eccentrically tightened with respect to the shank as the nut body is tightened by being arranged.