JPH06237992A - Heat and gas exchanger - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable the execution of a heat exchange and gas exchange with one exchanger by passing gas different temp. and gaseous partial pressure from first fluid into a second flow passage and executing the heat exchange and the gas exchange via gas permeable membranes. CONSTITUTION:An artificial lung 1A with the heat exchanger has a housing 2 constituted of a cylindrical body 3 and cover members 4, 5 liquidtightly joined to both ends. The many hollow yarn membranes 6 embedded and fixed at both ends into partition walls 7, 8 are housed in the cylindrical body 3. An inflow port 34 and outflow port 35 for blood are formed in the upper part and lower part of the cylindrical body 3. The cover member 4 is internally partitioned to two spaces 43, 44 by a porous sheet 42 and is provided with a gas inflow port 45 communicating with one thereof and a liquid inflow port 46 communicating with the other. The heat exchange and the gas exchange are executed between the blood flowing in the spacings between the hollow yarn membranes 6 each other and the liquid contg. air bubbles flowing in the internal cavities of the hollow yarn membranes 6.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a heat and gas exchanger for heat and gas exchange between a first fluid and a second fluid.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, an extracorporeal blood circulation circuit for performing extracorporeal circulation of blood during heart surgery or the like includes an artificial lung (gas exchanger) for oxygenating and decarbonating blood and a temperature of blood. A heat exchanger for adjustment is installed, and the blood introduced to the outside of the body is cooled or heated by the heat exchanger, and then oxygenated and decarbonated.

However, in such an extracorporeal blood circulation circuit, since the heat exchanger and the artificial lung are separately installed, the circuit configuration becomes complicated and the priming amount of blood in the circuit also increases. There's a problem.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a heat and gas exchanger which can perform heat exchange and gas exchange with one exchanger.

[0005]

Such an object is achieved by the present invention (1) described below. Also, (2)-
It is preferably (9).

(1) Inside the housing, a gas-permeable membrane, a first fluid inflow portion, a first fluid outflow portion, and a first flow from the first fluid inflow portion to the outflow portion. A passage, a second fluid inflow portion, a second fluid outflow portion, and a second flow passage from the second fluid inflow portion to the outflow portion, and the first flow passage and the first flow passage. A heat and gas exchanger in which two flow paths are separated by the gas permeable membrane, the first fluid is caused to flow through the first flow path, and the first fluid is passed through the second flow path. And liquids having different temperatures, the first fluid, and gases having different gas partial pressures are caused to flow, and heat exchange between the first fluid and the second fluid is performed via the gas-permeable membrane. A heat and gas exchanger characterized by performing gas exchange.

(2) The inflow part of the second fluid has a mixing means for mixing a liquid having a temperature different from that of the first fluid and a gas having a different gas partial pressure from the first fluid. ) Heat and gas exchangers as described in ().

(3) The heat and gas exchanger according to (2), wherein the mixing means mixes the gas with the liquid in a bubble state.

(4) In the second fluid inflow portion, a liquid having a temperature different from that of the first fluid and a gas having a different gas partial pressure from the first fluid are separately provided in the second flow path. The heat and gas exchanger according to (1) above, which is configured to flow into the heat exchanger.

(5) The heat and gas exchanger according to any one of (1) to (4) above, wherein the first fluid is blood.

(6) The heat and gas exchange according to any one of (1) to (5) above, wherein the second fluid is composed of water and a gas having a higher oxygen partial pressure than blood. vessel.

(7) The gas permeable membrane as described in any one of (1) to (6) above, which has a thermal conductivity of 2 × 10 ⁻⁴ J / cm · s · K or more. And gas exchanger.

(8) The heat and gas exchanger according to any one of (1) to (7) above, wherein the gas permeable membrane is a hollow fiber membrane.

(9) The heat and gas exchanger according to the above (8), wherein the second flow path is constituted by an inner cavity of the hollow fiber membrane.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The heat and gas exchanger of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a structural example in which the heat and gas exchanger of the present invention is applied to an artificial lung with a heat exchanger. As shown in the figure, the artificial lung with heat exchanger 1A is
It has a housing 2 composed of a tubular body 3 and cover members (housings) 4 and 5 that are liquid-tightly joined to both ends of the tubular body 3.

A cylindrical body 3 which is a main member of the housing 2.
Has a minimum inner diameter in the central portion 30 in the axial direction, and has a tapered shape in which the inner diameter gradually increases from the central portion 30 to both end portions. A bundle of a large number of hollow fiber membranes 6 which are gas permeable membranes is housed in the tubular body 3, and both ends of the bundle of hollow fiber membranes 6 are embedded in partition walls 7 and 8 to form a cylinder. It is fixed near both ends of the main body 3.

The partition walls 7 and 8 are made of polyurethane, for example.
A polymer potting material such as silicone or epoxy is injected and cured near both ends of the cylindrical body 3, and the partition wall 7 has an inflow part 31 and an outflow part 51 which will be described later.
Are liquid-tightly shielded, and the partition wall 8 liquid-tightly shields an outflow portion 32 and an inflow portion 41 described later.

As described above, since the cylindrical main body 3 has a tapered shape in which the inner diameter increases from the central portion 30 toward both ends, the bundle of hollow fiber membranes 6 to be stored is in the central portion 3.
It becomes a narrowed state in the vicinity of 0, so that the contact rate between the hollow fiber membrane 6 and the blood flowing outside thereof increases,
The efficiency of gas exchange and heat exchange is increased.

The upper and lower parts of the tubular body 3 in FIG.
An inflow part 31 and an outflow part 32 for blood, which is the first fluid, are formed in each case. The inflow portion 31 and the outflow portion 32 have inner diameters larger than those of the tapered portion of the cylindrical main body 3. Further, the inflow portion 31 and the outflow portion 32 are respectively formed with a tubular inflow port 34 and an outflow port 35 that project to communicate with their internal spaces.

In such a housing 2, a cover member 4 joined to the lower end of the cylindrical main body 3 in FIG. 1 forms a second fluid inflow portion 41, which will be described later, and is joined to the upper end in FIG. The cover member 5 allows the second fluid outflow portion 5
1 is formed.

A tubular outlet 52 communicating with the inside of the cover member 5 is formed on the side portion of the cover member 5 so as to project therefrom. Further, a gas for gas exchange (hereinafter simply referred to as “gas”) and a liquid for heat exchange (hereinafter simply referred to as “liquid”) flow into the inflow part 41 as the second fluid. Is provided with a mixing means for mixing a gas and a liquid.

That is, the inside of the cover member 4 is a gas permeable porous sheet (air bubble generating member) 4 as a mixing means.
It is divided by 2 into a first inflow space 43 and a second inflow space 44. A tubular gas inflow port 45 and a liquid inflow port 46 are formed on the sides of the cover member 4 so as to communicate with the first inflow space 43 and the second inflow space 44, respectively.

The mixing means using the porous sheet 42 becomes bubbles when the gas in the first inflow space 43 passes through the pores formed in the porous sheet 42, and these bubbles form the liquid in the second inflow space 44. It is designed to be mixed in.

As such a porous sheet 42, for example, a mesh, a woven cloth, a non-woven cloth, a membrane filter or the like can be used. The diameter of the bubbles obtained by gas permeation of the porous sheet 42 is not particularly limited, and the diameter of the bubbles is not less than the inner diameter of the hollow fiber membrane 6 and is not less than the inner diameter of the hollow fiber membrane 6. , For example, hollow fiber membrane 6
Even if it is about 1 to 20 times the inner diameter of the hollow fiber membrane 6
The hollow fiber membrane 6 can be passed through by adjusting the pressure difference between the inside of the hollow fiber membrane and the second inflow space 44.

In the oxygenator with a heat exchanger, the gas inlet 4
The gas introduced from 5 into the first inflow space 43 is a gas having a higher oxygen partial pressure and a lower carbon dioxide partial pressure than blood which is the first fluid, and is, for example, air, pure oxygen, or an oxygen-rich gas. Etc. As a result, oxygen is added to the blood and carbon dioxide is removed through the hollow fiber membrane 6.

Further, from the liquid inflow port 46 to the second inflow space 4
The liquid introduced into 4 is a liquid having a temperature different from that of blood which is the first fluid, and thereby cools or heats blood through the hollow fiber membrane 6. The liquid is preferably water or an aqueous solution.

The gap between the hollow fiber membranes 6 and the hollow fiber membranes 6
The space formed by the gap between the inner surface of the cylindrical body 3 and
A first flow path 33 for blood from the inflow portion 31 to the outflow portion 32 is formed.

Both ends of each hollow fiber membrane 6 are opened so as to communicate with the second inflow space 44 and the cover member 5, respectively, and the inner cavity of each hollow fiber membrane 6 extends from the inflow portion 41 to the outflow portion 51.
To form a second flow path.

In the present invention, the hollow fiber membrane 6 is a medium for exchanging gas between the first fluid and the second fluid, and also a medium for exchanging heat. Hollow fiber membrane 6 that can be used
It may be either a porous film or a dense film. Examples of the porous film include porous polyolefin materials such as polypropylene and polyethylene, and cellulose material such as cellulose-di-acetate, and examples of the dense film include silicone rubber. .

Gas exchange and heat exchange between the first fluid and the second fluid are performed through the hollow fiber membrane 6 as described above, but a normal effective membrane area (a sufficient gas exchange capacity can be obtained). In order to allow sufficient heat exchange, the hollow fiber membrane 6 has a thermal conductivity of 2 × 10 ⁻⁴ J / cm 2.
It is preferably s · K or more, and particularly preferably 2.5 × 10 ⁻⁴ J / cm · s · K or more. In the present invention, even if the hollow fiber membrane 6 has such a relatively low thermal conductivity, since the effective membrane area is large, sufficient heat exchange capacity can be obtained.

Further, the cylindrical body 3, the cover members 4 and 5
As the constituent material of, for example, polycarbonate, acrylic resin, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene,
Examples thereof include polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, acryl-styrene copolymer, acryl-butadiene-styrene copolymer and the like.

In the artificial lung with heat exchanger 1A, an inflow part (inflow port) and an outflow part (outflow port) for blood are provided upside down in FIG. 1 so that blood flows inside the first flow path 33 in FIG. It may be configured to flow upward.

Next, the operation of the artificial lung with heat exchanger 1A will be described. Gas is supplied to the first inflow space 43 from the gas inflow port 45, and the second inflow space 4 is supplied from the liquid inflow port 46.
Liquid is supplied to 4. When the pressure of the gas in the first inflow space 43 becomes higher than the pressure in the second inflow space 44, the gas in the first inflow space 43 passes through the pores formed in the porous sheet 42 and bubbles. Then, the bubbles are mixed in the liquid in the second inflow space 44. And the second inflow space 4
When the pressure inside the hollow fiber membrane 4 exceeds a predetermined value, the liquid containing the bubbles enters from the one end of each hollow fiber membrane 6 into its inner cavity, that is, the second flow channel, and flows in the second flow channel. It flows into the outflow part 51 from the other end of 6, and is discharged out of the casing 2 from the outflow port 52.

The liquid and the gas in the second flow passage may have any flow form, for example, when each hollow fiber membrane 6 is held in a vertical state, a bubble flow, a slag flow,
Either an annular flow or an annular spray flow (see "Gas-Liquid Two-Phase Flow", pages 7-9, published by Yokendo, 1981) may be used, but it is particularly preferable to form a slag flow.

On the other hand, blood flows into the inflow portion 31 from the inflow port 34, and further, this blood has a gap between the hollow fiber membranes 6 and a gap between the hollow fiber membranes 6 and the inner surface of the tubular body 3, That is, it flows in the first flow path 33 along the longitudinal direction of the hollow fiber membrane 6 downward in FIG. 1, reaches the outflow portion 32, and is further discharged from the outflow port 35 to the outside of the casing 2.

While the blood flows in the first flow path 33, the blood passes through a large number of pores formed in the hollow fiber membrane 6 and the hollow fiber membrane 6
The gas is exchanged by coming into contact with the gas flowing through the inner cavity (second flow path). As a result, the blood is oxygenated and decarbonated. At the same time, the blood flows through the first flow path 33.
While flowing inside, heat exchange is performed with the liquid flowing through the hollow fiber membrane 6 through the hollow fiber membrane 6 (the second flow path). Thereby, the blood is cooled or heated to a desired temperature.

In the artificial lung with heat exchanger 1A, the balance between heat exchange and gas exchange is adjusted by adjusting the mixing ratio of the liquid and gas in the second fluid, that is, the amount of bubbles mixed in the liquid. By doing so, it can be arbitrarily selected. In this case, it is also possible to supply only one of the liquid and the gas as the second fluid and perform only one of the heat exchange and the gas exchange with the first fluid.

FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing another structural example when the heat and gas exchanger of the present invention is applied to an artificial lung with a heat exchanger. The artificial lung with a heat exchanger 1B shown in the same drawing is the same as the artificial lung with a heat exchanger 1A except that the configuration of the second fluid inflow portion and the mixing means for gas and liquid is different. Hereinafter, only different points will be described, and description of similar matters will be omitted.

In the artificial lung with heat exchanger 1B, the second fluid inflow portion 91 is formed by the cover member 9 joined to the lower end of the tubular body 3 in FIG. A liquid inlet 92 similar to the above is formed on the side portion of the cover member 9 so as to communicate with the inside of the cover member 9.

The mixing means installed in the inflow section 91 is located near the bottom of the air supply pipe 93 penetrating the cover member 9 and inside the cover member 9, and is a porous body attached to the tip of the air supply pipe 93 ( Bubble generating member) 94.
In this case, various sintered bodies and foams can be used as the porous body 94, and examples include foamed polyurethane, foamed polyethylene, porous polypropylene, glass, ceramics such as unglazed ceramics, and the like.

In the artificial lung with heat exchanger 1B having such a structure, the liquid is supplied from the liquid inlet 92 into the cover member 9, and the gas is supplied into the porous body 94 through the air supply pipe 93. Then, the bubbles pass through the pores formed in the porous body 94 to form bubbles, and the bubbles are mixed into the liquid in the cover member 9. Then, when the pressure in the cover member 9 becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined value, the liquid containing the bubbles enters the lumen (in the second flow path) from one end of each hollow fiber membrane 6 and flows in the second flow path. Flow and gas exchange and heat exchange are performed with the blood flowing in the first flow path 33 in the same manner as described above.

FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing still another configuration example when the heat and gas exchanger of the present invention is applied to an artificial lung with a heat exchanger. Oxygenator 1C with heat exchanger shown in the figure
Is the same as the artificial lung with heat exchanger 1A except that the configuration of the second fluid inflow portion and the mixing means for gas and liquid are different. Hereinafter, only different points will be described, and description of similar matters will be omitted.

In the artificial lung with heat exchanger 1C, the second fluid inflow portion 101 is formed by the cover member 10 joined to the lower end of the tubular body 3 in FIG. Cover member 10
A tubular liquid inlet 102 is provided at the side of the cover member 1
It is formed so as to communicate with 0.

The mixing means installed in the inflow part 101 penetrates the liquid inflow port 102 and the wall part of the liquid inflow port 102, and the nozzle 1 whose tip communicates with the liquid inflow port 102.
It is composed of 03.

In the artificial lung 1C with a heat exchanger having such a structure, when the liquid is supplied from the liquid inlet 102 into the cover member 9, the liquid inlet 1 starts from the tip of the nozzle 103.
Gas is supplied at high pressure into 02 to mix bubbles. Then, the liquid containing bubbles supplied into the cover member 9 is
When the pressure becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined value, the hollow fiber membranes 6 enter the inner cavities (inside the second flow passage) of the hollow fiber membranes 6 and flow in the second flow passages. It exchanges gas and heat with the blood flowing through it.

In each of the artificial lungs with a heat exchanger having the construction shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, contrary to the above, the first fluid (blood) flows through the inner cavity of each hollow fiber membrane 6. The second flow in which the second fluid (gas and liquid) flows through the space defined by the gap between the hollow fiber membranes 6 and the gap between the hollow fiber membranes 6 and the inner surface of the tubular body 3 as the first flow path. It may be used as a road.

FIG. 4 is a side view of a cross-sectional view showing still another configuration example when the heat and gas exchanger of the present invention is applied to an oxygenator with a heat exchanger. Oxygenator with heat exchanger 1A described above
1C has a configuration in which a mixture of a gas and a liquid as the second fluid is caused to flow through the second flow path, while the artificial lung with a heat exchanger 1D uses the gas and the liquid as the second fluid. It is a configuration in which the two phases are separated and flowed to the second flow path. The configuration will be described in detail below.

As shown in FIG. 4, an oxygenator 1D with a heat exchanger
Is a housing body 12 and a cover member (housing) liquid-tightly joined to both ends of the housing body 12.
It has a housing 11 composed of 13 and 14.

A bundle of hollow fiber membranes 6 similar to the one described above is accommodated in the housing body 12 so as to extend in the horizontal direction in FIG. 4, and both ends of the bundle of hollow fiber membranes 6 are the same as those described above. The housing body 12 is embedded in the same partition walls 15 and 16
Are fixed near both ends of each.

The upper part and the lower part of the housing body 12 in FIG.
1 and the outflow part 122 are formed. Inflow section 121
The inner surface of the housing body 12 at the outflow portion 122 forms a tapered surface. In addition, the tubular inlet 1 that communicates with the inner space of the inflow section 121 and the outflow section 122 is provided at the top of the inflow section 121 and the outflow section 122, respectively.
24 and the outlet 125 are formed to project.

Further, in such a housing 11, the second fluid inflow portion 131 is formed by the cover member 13 joined to the left end of the housing body 12 in FIG.
A second fluid outflow portion 141 is formed by the cover member 14 joined to the middle upper end.

On the left side surface of the cover member 13 in FIG. 4, a tubular gas inlet 132 and a liquid inlet 133 communicating with the inside of the cover member 13 are formed to project above and below the cover member 13, respectively. ing.

On the right side surface of the cover member 14 in FIG. 4, tubular gas outlets 142 and liquid outlets 143, which communicate with the inside of the cover member 14, project above and below the cover member 14, respectively. Has been formed.

The space formed by the gaps between the hollow fiber membranes 6 forms a first flow path 123 for blood from the inflow part 121 to the outflow part 122. Both ends of each hollow fiber membrane 6 are opened so as to communicate with the inside of the cover members 13 and 14, respectively, and the inner cavity of each hollow fiber membrane 6 forms a second flow path from the inflow part 131 to the outflow part 141. is doing.

Next, the operation of the artificial lung with heat exchanger 1D will be described. A gas inlet 132 is provided in the cover member 13.
The gas is supplied from, and the liquid is supplied from the liquid inflow port 133. Inside the cover member 13, a liquid is present below and a gas is present above. When the pressure inside the cover member 13 reaches or exceeds a predetermined value, the liquid inside the cover member 13
Of the bundle of hollow fiber membranes 6, from one end of the hollow fiber membranes 6 below the liquid surface 17 in the cover member 13, enters into its lumen, that is, the second flow channel, and flows in the second flow channel, The hollow fiber membrane 6 flows into the cover member 14 from the other end and is stored therein. In addition, the gas in the cover member 13 enters the lumen, that is, the second flow path, from one end of the hollow fiber membranes 6 above the liquid surface 17 in the cover member 13 of the bundle of hollow fiber membranes 6. ,
It flows in the second flow path, flows into the cover member 14 from the other end of the hollow fiber membrane 6, and is stored in a space above the liquid surface 18. The gas in the cover member 14 is the gas outlet 14
From 2, the liquid is discharged from the liquid outlet 143 to the outside of the casing 11, respectively.

On the other hand, blood flows from the inflow port 124 to the inflow part 121, and the blood flows in the gap between the hollow fiber membranes 6, that is, in the first flow path 123 along the direction orthogonal to the hollow fiber membranes 6. Flowing. Blood is in the first half of the first channel 123,
That is, when passing through the gap between the hollow fiber membranes 6 below the liquid surface 17, the inner cavity of the hollow fiber membranes 6 (second flow path)
Heat is exchanged with the liquid flowing through the first flow path 123.
In the latter half of that, that is, when passing through the gap between the hollow fiber membranes 6 above the liquid surface 17, gas exchange is performed with the gas flowing through the inner cavity (second flow path) of the hollow fiber membranes 6. Be seen.

In this way, the blood cooled or heated to a desired temperature, oxygenated and decarbonated gas is
It reaches the outflow portion 122, and is further discharged from the outlet 125 to the outside of the casing 11.

In the artificial lung 1D with a heat exchanger, the level of the liquid surface 17 is adjusted by adjusting the supply amount (pressure) of gas and liquid into the cover member 13, respectively. By appropriately changing the volume ratio of the hollow fiber membrane 6 for gas exchange and the hollow fiber membrane 6 for heat exchange,
The balance between heat exchange and gas exchange can be adjusted as desired. In this case, similarly to the above, it is also possible to supply only one of the liquid and the gas and perform only one of the heat exchange and the gas exchange with the first fluid.

In the artificial lung with heat exchanger 1D, instead of the gas outlet 142 and the liquid outlet 143, the gas and liquid in the cover member 14 are discharged near the liquid surface 18 on the side surface of the cover member 1 It may be a configuration in which one outflow port is provided.

The inflow part (inflow port) and the outflow part (outflow port) for blood are provided upside down in FIG.
The blood that has flowed into the inside 2 may be first gas-exchanged and then heat-exchanged.

In each of the above structural examples, the case where the heat and gas exchanger of the present invention is applied to a hollow fiber membrane type artificial lung has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this, and a flat membrane is used as a gas permeable membrane. It may be applied to the existing one.

Further, the heat and gas exchanger of the present invention is not limited to the case of being applied to an artificial lung, but may be of any type as long as it performs heat exchange and gas exchange, and its application is not limited to medical use. For example, it may be for industrial use. Furthermore, in the present invention, the first fluid is not limited to the blood, but other body fluids such as plasma or liquids other than body fluid,
Anything such as gas may be used.

Next, the heat and gas exchanger of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to specific examples.

Example 1 An oxygenator with a heat exchanger having the structure shown in FIG. 1 was manufactured. A large number of polypropylene hollow fiber membranes having an effective length of 92 mm and an inner diameter of about 200 μm are arranged in the housing of the artificial lung, and the effective membrane area is 1.
It was set to 7 m ² . The thermal conductivity of this hollow fiber membrane is 4 × 1.
It was 0 ⁻⁴ J / cm · s · K. In addition, the second fluid inflow portion 41
Was partitioned into a first inflow space 43 and a second inflow space 44 by a porous sheet having an average pore diameter of 40 μm.

Example 2 An oxygenator with a heat exchanger having the structure shown in FIG. 2 was manufactured. In the housing of this artificial lung, many hollow fiber membranes similar to those in Example 1 were arranged, and the effective membrane area was set to 1.7 m ² . As the porous body for generating bubbles, which was installed in the second fluid inflow portion 91, a foamed polyethylene (average pore diameter 100 μm) molded in a hollow spiral shape was used.

Example 3 An artificial lung with a heat exchanger having the structure shown in FIG. 3 was manufactured. In the housing of this artificial lung, many hollow fiber membranes similar to those in Example 1 were arranged, and the effective membrane area was set to 1.7 m ² . Further, the diameter of the tip portion of the nozzle 103 installed through the liquid inlet was 0.5 mm.

The following experiments were conducted using the oxygenators with heat exchangers of Examples 1 to 3 above. [Experiment 1] 60 ° C. cold water was introduced into the second fluid inflow part.
Supply oxygen at 00 ml / min and supply oxygen at 4000 ml / min
To supply cold water containing oxygen bubbles to the lumen of each hollow fiber membrane, and at the same time, supply 37 ° C bovine blood at 4000 ml / min to the inflow part of the first fluid. Was cooled, oxygenated, and decarbonated.

The temperature of the obtained bovine blood and the amount of dissolved oxygen were measured, and the heat exchange capacity (heat exchange coefficient) and oxygen addition capacity of each oxygenator with a heat exchanger were determined from the measured data. The results are shown in Table 1 below.

Example 4 An artificial lung with a heat exchanger having the structure shown in FIG. 4 was manufactured. A large number of polypropylene hollow fiber membranes having an effective length of 90 mm and an inner diameter of about 200 μm are arranged in the housing of the artificial lung, and the effective membrane area is 1.
It was set to 8 m ² . The thermal conductivity of this hollow fiber membrane is 4 × 1.
It was 0 ⁻⁴ J / cm · s · K.

Using the oxygenator with a heat exchanger of Example 4 above,
The following experiment was conducted. [Experiment 2] To the inflow part of the second fluid, cold water at 20 ° C. was supplied at 2000 ml / min from the liquid inlet, and pure oxygen was supplied at 40000 ml / min from the gas inlet. 400 ° C of 37 ° C cow blood into the inlet of one fluid
It was supplied at 0 ml / min to cool bovine blood, oxygenate it, and decarboxylate it.

In the cover member 13 forming the inflow part of the second fluid, the volume ratio of gas to liquid is 2: 5.
The level of the liquid surface 17 was maintained so that The temperature and the dissolved oxygen content of the obtained bovine blood were measured, and the heat exchange capacity (heat exchange coefficient) and oxygen addition capacity of the oxygenator with a heat exchanger were determined from the measured data. The results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0073]

[Table 1]

The oxygen addition ability in Table 1 shows the difference in the amount of dissolved oxygen in blood before and after passing through the artificial lung per minute. Further, the heat exchange coefficient K in Table 1 is expressed by the following equation (1).

[0075]

[Equation 1]

As is clear from the results shown in Table 1 above, the oxygenators with heat exchangers of Examples 1 to 3 all have excellent heat exchange capacity and oxygen addition capacity, and Example 4 It was confirmed that the artificial lung with a heat exchanger had excellent heat exchange ability and effective oxygen addition ability.

[Experiment 3] Bovine blood (23 ° C.) was added in the same manner as in Experiment 1 except that the artificial lungs with heat exchangers of Examples 1 to 3 were used and hot water of 40 ° C. was used instead of cold water. Warming, oxygenation, and decarbonation were performed.

Experiment 2 was repeated except that the artificial lung with a heat exchanger of Example 4 was used and hot water at 40 ° C. was used instead of cold water.
In the same manner as above, heating of bovine blood (23 ° C.), addition of oxygen, and decarboxylation gas were performed.

As a result, the oxygenators with heat exchangers of Examples 1 to 4 all showed the same heat exchange ability and oxygen addition ability as in Table 1 above.

[0080]

As described above, according to the heat and gas exchanger of the present invention, heat exchange and gas exchange can be performed by one exchanger, and the heat exchange ability and the gas exchange ability are excellent. There is. Therefore, when the present invention is applied to the artificial lung with a heat exchanger, the circuit configuration of the extracorporeal blood circulation circuit can be simplified and the priming amount of blood in the circuit can be reduced.

Further, in the heat and gas exchanger of the present invention,
If necessary, the ratio of heat exchange to gas exchange can be set as desired, so that optimum conditions can be obtained, and the application is expanded.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a configuration example when a heat and gas exchanger of the present invention is applied to an oxygenator with a heat exchanger.

FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing another configuration example when the heat and gas exchanger of the present invention is applied to an oxygenator with a heat exchanger.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing another configuration example when the heat and gas exchanger of the present invention is applied to an oxygenator with a heat exchanger.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional side view showing another configuration example when the heat and gas exchanger of the present invention is applied to an oxygenator with a heat exchanger.

[Explanation of Codes] 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D Oxygenator with heat exchanger 2 Housing 3 Tubular body 30 Central part 31 Inflow part 32 Outflow part 33 First flow path 34 Inflow port 35 Outflow port 4 Cover member 41 Inflow part 42 Porous sheet 43 First inflow space 44 Second inflow space 45 Gas inflow port 46 Liquid inflow port 5 Cover member 51 Outflow portion 52 Outflow port 6 Hollow fiber membrane 7, 8 Partition wall 9 Cover member 91 Inflow portion 92 Liquid inflow port 93 Feed Trachea 94 Porous body 10 Cover member 101 Inflow part 102 Liquid inflow port 103 Nozzle 11 Housing 12 Housing body 121 Inflow part 122 Outflow part 123 First flow path 124 Inflow port 125 Outlet port 13 Cover member 131 Inflow part 132 Gas inflow port 133 Liquid Inflow port 14 Cover member 141 Outflow part 142 Gas outflow port 143 Liquid outflow 15, 16 partition wall 17, 18 liquid level

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A gas permeable membrane, a first fluid inflow portion, a first fluid outflow portion, and a first flow path from the first fluid inflow portion to the outflow portion in a housing. A second fluid inflow portion, a second fluid outflow portion, and a second flow path from the second fluid inflow portion to the outflow portion, the first flow path and the second flow path. A heat and gas exchanger separated from the flow path by the gas-permeable membrane, wherein the first fluid is caused to flow through the first flow path, and the first fluid is passed through the second flow path. A liquid having a different temperature, the first fluid, and a gas having a different gas partial pressure are caused to flow, and heat exchange and gas exchange between the first fluid and the second fluid through the gas-permeable membrane. A heat and gas exchanger, characterized in that it is exchanged.