JPH06237895A - Optometer - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:(J) To make an optometer usable for either sight test or training by displaying eye test marks in different sizes repeatedly one by one changing the direction with an eye test mark display means, inputting the direction of an eye test mark with a response means, and displaying the correction with a display means. CONSTITUTION:An eye test mark in different sizes 4 and an eye test mark display part 5 are set in the center of an eyesight indexes display part 3 set in a container 1. An eyesight display part 6 which displays the eyesight interpreting the currently displayed eye test mark 4 is set nearby. A trainee is to gaze into the eye test mark 4 through an eye piece lens 2 before judging the direction of the mark 4, then input it with a joy stick 9. The inputted signal is transmitted to an control means 7 and a tone for a right or wrong answer is generated at a speaker 8. The control part 7 changes the eye test mark 4 to a bigger or smaller one and correct the display of the eye test mark display part 5. Since the eytest mark 4 is displayed at random, a trainee cannot remember it.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a visual acuity device used for measuring and training visual acuity.

[0002]

[Prior art]

(1) Recently, some people are trying to improve their visual acuity by conducting visual acuity training.

(2) Further, many conventional visual acuity devices are configured to display only one small optotype in a large visual field. Then, a plurality of optotype marks having different directions and sizes are provided on the display surface in advance, and the optotype marks are presented in order from the largest one. Further, there have been proposed optotypes that show different directions by dividing marks of different sizes into several display units so that they can be individually displayed.

[0004]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

(B) However, the conventional visual acuity device cannot measure the visual acuity but cannot be used for training. This is because it is not possible to relieve the overstrain of the adjusting muscles caused by the excessive near vision load during the visual acuity test, and the measurement result is displayed only once at the end.

(B) Further, the above-mentioned visual acuity device has a drawback that the direction of the optotype mark is remembered when the visual acuity test is repeatedly performed. Further, in the visual acuity device capable of showing various directions, it is impossible to present marks of different sizes at the same position because the marks of various sizes are separately provided, and the display surface is not displayed. It cannot be used effectively.

The first object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems (a)
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a visual acuity device which can be used for visual acuity measurement or training and can realize that the visual acuity is steadily improving in the training.

A second object of the present invention is to provide a visual acuity device capable of performing visual acuity training that does not get tired of playing a game.

The third object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems (b).
It is an object of the present invention to provide a visual acuity device with good reproducibility of measurement results regardless of the size of the target.

The fourth object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems (b).
Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a low-cost visual acuity device in which the shape and quality of the target does not change even if the direction is changed.

The fifth object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problem (a).
The present invention provides a visual acuity device that solves the above problem and relaxes the adjustment muscles of the eye to improve the visual acuity.

[0011]

A first visual acuity device according to the present invention for achieving the above object comprises index presenting means for repeatedly presenting one by one by changing the direction of optotype marks having different sizes. , A response means for inputting the direction of the optotype mark and a display means for displaying the correctness of each response.

The second visual acuity device further includes an optotype presenting means for sequentially presenting optotype marks, a display means for displaying visual acuity corresponding to the presented optotype marks, and the presented optotypes. It is characterized by having a response means for judging and responding to the mark and a control means for controlling the optotype presenting means and the display means by obtaining a response from the response means.

The third visual acuity device is a device for presenting the optotype marks of different sizes one by one to the electronic figure display means to allow the subject to judge, and when presenting a small optotype mark. The feature is that a surrounding figure is displayed at the same time around the mark mark.

A fourth visual acuity device is an image display means having square display pixels and a control means for displaying various optotype marks consisting of lines of integral multiples of the display pixels in various directions on the pixel display. And having.

The fifth visual acuity device responds to the above-mentioned task by means of an image means for sequentially presenting the task of judging correctness by selection, a diopter variable optical system for changing the apparent diopter of the image means to a distance. It has a response means, a display means for displaying the grade for the task during operation, and a video control means for controlling the video means so as to present the task in a finer pattern when the correct answer is given to the task. It is characterized by

The sixth visual acuity device includes a video signal generating means for generating a video signal representing various optotype marks having different sizes and directions, and a display signal generating means for sequentially generating a display signal representing visual acuity during operation. A display means for displaying the optotype mark and visual acuity based on the video signal and the display signal, a selection response means for selecting and inputting a direction of the optotype mark, and a signal from the selection response means And a control means for controlling the video signal generating means.

[0017]

In the first visual acuity device having the above configuration, the index presenting means sequentially presents the optotype marks having different sizes,
The operator uses the response means to input the direction indicated by the optotype mark. The correctness / wrongness of the response is transmitted to the operator by the display means.

In the second visual acuity device, the optotype presenting means and the display means present the optotype mark and the display showing the visual acuity, judge the presented optotype mark, and input by the response means.
The control means determines the relationship between the response content and the presented optotype mark, and controls the optotype presenting means.

In the third visual acuity device, various optotype marks having different sizes are presented on the electronic graphic display means. When presenting a small optotype mark, a surrounding figure is simultaneously displayed around it.

In the fourth visual acuity device, square display pixels are continuously displayed to form a line, and the control means controls the pixel display means so as to form visual targets of various shapes by the line.

In the fifth visual acuity device, the image means sequentially presents the task for judging correctness by selection, and the operator uses the response means to select the answer to the task. The correctness of the response means is transmitted to the operator by the display means, and if the answer is correct, the display of the image means is revised and the task is presented by a finer pattern.

In the sixth visual acuity device, the optotype mark generated by the video signal generating means is displayed on the display means. The operator uses the selection response means to input the direction indicated by the optotype mark. The video control means controls the video signal generation means based on the response means to change the generated optotype mark. Further, the visual acuity of the operator is generated at any time by the display signal generating means and confirmed on the display means.

[0023]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described in detail based on the illustrated embodiments. FIG. 1 is a sectional view of the first embodiment. Two eyepieces 2 for the left and right eyes, which are adjusted so as to be presented at a distance during the myopia / amblyopia training and to be presented at the near distance during a presbyopia training, are provided on the upper front part of the housing 1, and the inside of the housing 1 is provided. As shown in FIG. 2, a visual acuity target display unit 3 including a liquid crystal, an LED, or the like is provided in the. This display unit 3 is 4 up, down, left and right.
A visual acuity mark display unit 5 that randomly displays visual acuity marks 4 of various sizes is provided in the central portion in the direction, and a visual acuity value display unit that displays visual acuity represented by the optotype mark 4 currently displayed in the vicinity thereof. 6 is provided. The visual acuity target display unit 3 is illuminated with a peripheral visual field from behind by a backlight (not shown).

The optotype mark display section 5 and the visual acuity value display section 6 are both connected to the control means 7, and a speaker 8 provided inside the housing 1 and a joystick 9 provided on the side surface of the housing 1 are provided. It is connected to the control means 7.

The trainee looks into the eyepiece 2 and gazes at the optotype mark 4 which is visually recognized in the distance when the trainee has myopia or amblyopia and in the near distance when the trainee has presbyopia. Then, the trainee judges the direction of the optotype mark 4 and inputs it by using the joystick 9. The input signal is the control means 7
If the input is correct, a correct sound is generated from the speaker 8, and if the input is incorrect, a wrong answer sound is generated and the trainee can be notified of the correct input. When the correct answer continues twice, for example, the control means 7 replaces the optotype mark 4 with a much smaller one and further corrects the display of the optotype mark display section 5. On the contrary, if the wrong answer continues twice,
The control means 7 replaces the optotype mark 4 with a larger one and corrects the optotype mark display section 5.

In this embodiment, the correctness / error transmission method by voice is adopted, but it may be configured to be visually recognizable by a lamp or the like. In addition, the visual acuity value display unit 6 includes the housing 1
It is not necessary to provide it outside the line of sight and within the line of sight. Further, if the correct answer is not displayed and the answer is correct, the next target mark 4
May be displayed, and in the case of an incorrect answer, the same optotype mark 4 may be displayed again to prompt a response. In this case, since the optotype mark 4 does not change, it is notified that the response is incorrect.

The optotype mark 4 is displayed at random,
The order is not fixed and will not be remembered by the trainee. The optotype mark 4 is repeatedly presented and trained, but the direction of the optotype mark 4 always changes,
You never get tired.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the second embodiment. The image display unit 10 is composed of a CRT, a liquid crystal, or the like, and displays an optotype mark 11 to be presented to the operator and a visual acuity value 12 representing the size of the optotype mark 11 and is located at a position several meters away from the operator or at an optical distance. It is arranged. Optotype mark 1 on the image display unit 10
A response means 13 such as a joystick for allowing the operator to make an input by judging the direction of 1 and a control means 14 for integrally controlling these are connected.

During the training, the operator who receives the visual training actually observes the image display portion 10 optically from a distance. An optotype mark 11 generated by a symbol generation circuit (not shown) provided inside the control means 14 is displayed on the video display unit 10 according to a built-in program in the control means 14. The operator judges the direction of the optotype mark 11 and tilts the response means 13 to input. In response to this input, the control means 14 sequentially generates the optotype mark 11 according to the built-in program, and displays the visual acuity value 12 at that time point on the video display unit 10 for each response input.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the training procedure.
First, in step 1, as shown in FIG. 5 (a), the right optotype mark 11 showing the maximum visual acuity of 0.1 is displayed on the video display unit 10. If there is a correct response, the image display unit 10 is switched, the visual acuity value shown in FIG. 5 (b) is displayed, and the process proceeds to the next step 2. In step 2, the optotype mark 11 corresponding to the visual acuity value of 0.2 is displayed, and the trainee newly inputs the response means 13 to continue the training. At first, while going back and forth with a visual acuity of about 0.5, the visual target mark 11 smaller than that can also be seen. It should be noted that R, L, U, and D in FIG. 4 indicate the directions of the optotype mark 11, representing right, left, top, and bottom, respectively, and the numerical values that follow represent the visual acuity.

In this case, biofeedback is applied by making an effort to relieve the regulatory function by displaying the results each time a response is made. Since the method of presenting the optotype mark 11 changes randomly each time, there is no repetition, and the training can be continued without getting tired as if playing a game. Also, the means for displaying the grade is the optotype mark 1
It is preferable to display it together with the video display unit 10 for displaying 1, but it may be separately provided near the input response means 13 and the result display may be a graphic rather than a numerical value.

In FIG. 5, the optotype mark 11 and the visual acuity value 12 are alternately displayed, but this is because the optotype mark 11 and the visual acuity value 12 are large and cannot be displayed at one time on the image display unit 10. This is because of the reason, and it is desirable to display them together as shown in FIG. 3 when the size of the optotype mark 11 is small.

FIG. 6 is a front view of the image display unit 10 used in the automatic visual acuity meter in the third embodiment. The visual acuity device has the same configuration as that of the second embodiment, and is different only in the function of a program (not shown) built in the control means 14.

In this visual acuity device, as shown in FIG. 6 (a), the direction indicated by the optotype mark 11 is input on the image display unit 10. If the input by the subject is correct, the control means 14 sequentially displays the small optotype marks 11 on the video display unit 10. At this time, the visual acuity value 12 is not displayed. When the size of the optotype mark 11 becomes small, the small optotype mark 11 is displayed on a large screen, and there are many blanks, the adjustment function of the eye to be examined becomes unstable. Therefore, the surrounding graphic 17 such as a frame edge is displayed on the video display unit 10 as shown in FIG. 6 (b). The presence of this surrounding figure 17 stabilizes the adjusting function of the eye to be inspected, and an accurate visual acuity value can be measured. The measurement result is finally displayed on the video display unit 10.

Although the joystick is used as the response means in each of the above-described embodiments, the input method of the response means does not need to be particularly limited. For example, an input device having a plurality of buttons or voice input is used. It may be of a form such as.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram of the fourth embodiment. A square matrix display unit 22 formed of liquid crystal or the like for displaying the optotype mark 21 and a response means 23 such as a joystick for inputting the direction of the optotype mark 21 when the subject himself / herself performs measurement or visual acuity training, Control means 2 including computer
4 is connected.

FIG. 8 is a partially enlarged view of the square matrix display section 22. Each pixel 25 has a square shape and is arranged in a matrix. Since each of these pixels 25 is made of liquid crystal, the transmittance can be controlled by changing the voltage. A plurality of pixels 25 are aggregated to form the optotype mark 21a and the optotype mark 21b. The optotype mark 21a and the optotype mark 21b are selected so that the vertical and horizontal pixels 25 have the same number and fit in a square area. Further, since the pixel 25 is a square, the optotype mark 21a and the optotype mark 21b are Even if the direction of the optotype mark 21b is changed, the contour shape does not change.

By forming the line forming the optotype mark having the smallest size with a width of 1 pixel, the number of pixels forming the square matrix display portion 22 can be minimized. For example, if the optotype mark having a visual acuity of 1.0 is composed of a line of one pixel, the visual acuity of 0.1 can be composed of a line having a width of 10 pixels. As shown in FIG. 8, in the case of an optotype mark whose size is 5 times the line width,
If there are at least 50 × 50 pixels 25, it is possible to display the optotype mark 21 with a visual acuity of 0.1 to 1.0.

9 and 10 show another example of the optotype mark 21, FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of the cineren mark, and FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of the optotype mark 21 that approximates the Landolt ring mark. The optotype marks 21 have four directions, but if the presentation order is randomly performed, the presentation order will be different every time, and it will not be remembered.

FIG. 11 shows the striped target 28 during MTF measurement.
FIG. In the MTF measurement, the horizontal striped target 28 having various spatial frequencies is moved in a direction orthogonal to the striped pattern, and gradually increased from the zero contrast state of the striped target 28 so that the moving direction of the striped target 28 is changed. This is a measurement for checking the limit of the contrast that can be confirmed. The subject performs the measurement by inputting the moving direction of the striped target 28 from the input means. In FIG. 11, it is assumed that the striped target 28 is moving in the direction of the arrow.

The striped target 28 is displayed on the square matrix display unit 22 in which square pixels 25 are arranged in a matrix, as in the above-described embodiment. By displaying the striped target 28 with the square pixels 25, the same striped target 28 can be displayed in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. In this case, if the size of the pixel 25 is set to twice the minimum pitch of the striped target 28 to be displayed and the pitch of the other striped target 28 is set to an integral multiple of the minimum one, the number of pixels is suppressed to the minimum. You can It is convenient to prepare about 5 to 10 kinds of spatial frequencies of the striped target 28.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory view when only one small optotype mark 21 is displayed. The square matrix display section 22 simultaneously displays a surrounding figure 29 composed of a frame constituted by lines having the same line width around the optotype mark 21. In the case where there is nothing around and there is only one small target, the accommodation state of the eye may not be stable and the measured value may fluctuate. In this case, the accommodation of the eye is stable, which is preferable. In the square matrix display section 22, it is easy to project the surrounding figure 29 of this degree together with the visual target mark 21.

FIG. 13 is a block diagram of the fifth embodiment. In front of the operator S, a visual acuity optotype display section 32, which is optically distant by a lens 31 and is made of liquid crystal or the like, is arranged. In the peripheral visual field of the visual acuity target display unit 32, a distant view target display unit 33 that presents a distant view target is provided. Further, the light sources 34a and 34b are arranged in the direction of the target. The output of the control unit 35 is connected to the visual acuity target display unit 32, and the output of the response unit 36 having four input buttons 36a to 36d is connected to the control unit 35. The visual acuity target display unit 32 and the distant view target display unit 33 are illuminated from the rear by a light source (not shown).

At the time of training, the operator S, who is a trainee, looks into the lens 31 and optically visually sees the visual acuity target display section 32 from a distance. As shown in FIG. 14, the control means 3
5, a visual acuity mark 37 generated by a symbol generating circuit (not shown) provided inside 5 and a visual acuity value 38 representing the size of the visual acuity mark 37 according to a program stored in a computer (not shown) provided in the control means 35. It is displayed on the display unit 32.

The operator S judges the direction indicated by the visual acuity mark 37 and selects and presses one of the input buttons 36a to 36d corresponding to the direction of the visual acuity mark 37 of the response means 36. The input signal from the response means 36 is taken into the control means 35 to determine whether it is right or wrong, and a voice for notifying the right or wrong is emitted. At first, the visual acuity mark 37 showing the large visual acuity value 38 is presented, and when the correct answer continues once or twice, the control means 3
In FIG. 5, the visual acuity target display section 32 is modified to display a much smaller visual acuity mark 37. If the input is an incorrect answer, the control unit 35 causes the visual acuity target display unit 32 to display the visual acuity mark 37 whose direction has been changed without changing the size. It should be noted that the display signal of the visual acuity value 38 representing the result at the time of training may be created based on the size of the visual acuity mark 37 displayed on the visual acuity target display unit 32. Alternatively, the control means 35 can store an input signal of the response means 36 during training and can be created from this input signal.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 14, a plurality of identical visual acuity marks 37 are displayed in a matrix on the visual acuity visual target display section 32, so that the visual acuity visual target display section 32 is displayed.
It is preferable to reduce the blank portion and to make the visual acuity mark 37 have a wide pattern, because the operator's S eye adjustment is stable. As shown in FIG. 14 (a), when the visual acuity mark 37 is large, the number of visual acuity marks 37 displayed is reduced, and as shown in FIG. 14 (b), the visual acuity mark 37 is further reduced as the training progresses. When this happens, the number of the visual acuity marks 37 to be displayed is increased so that an extra blank portion does not occur in the visual acuity target display unit 32.

The operator S may be provided with a plurality of visual acuity marks 37 having different sizes and directions as in a normal visual acuity chart. In this case, it is necessary to indicate the specific visual acuity mark 37 that causes the operator S to respond to the direction by using an instruction mark or the like. Then, every time the visual recognition response of the operator S is an incorrect answer, it is desirable to change the direction of the specified specific visual acuity mark 37.

Further, the operator S may be presented with a striped target 39 as shown in FIG. In this case, the striped target 39 is moved in the direction orthogonal to the striped pattern, and the operator S moves the striped target 3
The moving direction of 9 is input by the response means 36. At first,
A rough striped target 39 as shown in FIG. 15 (a) is presented, and a striped target 39 with gradually finer pattern as shown in FIG. 15 (b) is presented every time the response is correct. It In addition,
The numerical value of the visual acuity target display unit 32 represents the visual acuity value 38 of the operator S at the time of operation, the arrow in the figure represents the moving direction of the striped target 39, and this moving direction is randomly generated by the control means 35 for each response. Be changed.

FIG. 16 is a block diagram of the sixth embodiment, in which lenses 42 are provided on the front faces of the left and right eye optotype systems 41L and 41R.
L and 42R are arranged, and the optotype display units 43L and 4L are provided on the rear surface.
3R is arranged. The optotype systems 41L and 41R are connected by an interpupillary distance adjustment mechanism 44, and by rotating the knob 44a,
The interval is adjustable. The lenses 42L and 42R are connected by a driving means 45, and are moved back and forth in conjunction with the rotation of the knob 45a to change the apparent diopter of the optotype display units 43L and 43R. The outputs of the control means 46 are connected to the optotype display sections 43L and 43R, and the control means 46 has a response button 47a and two selection buttons 47.
The output of the response means 47 having b and 47c is connected.

In order for the operator S to perform visual acuity training, first, the interpupillary distance adjusting mechanism 44 and the knobs 44a and 45a of the driving means 45 are used.
Is rotated to adjust the distance between the optotype systems 41L and 41R and the apparent diopter of the optotype display units 43L and 43R. Therefore, the operator S can perform training even while wearing the glasses.

FIG. 17 shows an optotype display section 43L during visual acuity training,
FIG. 43B is a front view of 43R, in which, at the start of training, a human-faced selection branch mark 48 having four different facial expressions as shown in FIG. 17A and a selection line indicated by a chain line surrounding the selection branch mark 48 are shown. A frame 49 and an optotype mark 50 having the same facial expression as any one of the human-faced selection branch marks 48 arranged in a matrix form one of the optotype display units according to a program stored in the control means 46. It is displayed on 43L and 43R, and is presented to the trained eye of the operator S.

The operator S judges the type of the optotype mark 50 and judges that it is the same as the optotype mark 50.
Is surrounded by a selection frame 49. The movement of the selection frame 49 is performed using the selection buttons 47b and 47c of the response means 47. Selection button 47b,
Each time 47c is pressed, the selection frame 49 moves in the left-right direction by one selection branch mark 48. When the selection branch mark 48 can be selected, the response button 47a of the response means 47 is pressed to confirm the selection branch mark 48. The input signal from the response means 47 is taken in by the control means 46, and it is judged whether it is right or wrong, and the display of the optotype display sections 43L and 43R is changed.

In the case of an incorrect answer, only the optotype mark 50 is revised and the optotype mark 50 having a different expression is presented.
If the answer is correct, the display of the optotype display sections 43L and 43R are all renewed, and a selection branch mark 48 composed of four playing card suits such as spades as shown in FIG. 17 (b),
The same target mark 50 as any one of the selection frame 49 surrounding the selection branch mark 48 and the selection branch marks 48 arranged in a matrix is displayed. The operator S determines the type of the optotype mark 50 of the playing card suit, moves the selection frame 49 by the response means 47 as described above, and selects and confirms the selection branch mark 48. The response signal of the response means 47 is taken into the control means 46, and it is determined whether the response is correct. If the answer is incorrect, the optotype mark 50 of the playing card suit is presented again, and if the answer is correct, a different branch mark 48 of a different type is presented.
And the optotype mark 50 is presented.

To summarize the training procedure, first, in order to confirm that the visual acuity is maintained, a human-faced optotype mark 50 as shown in FIG. 17 (a) is displayed on the optotype display sections 43L and 43R. To do. When a correct response is given to this optotype mark 50, another smaller pattern is presented. Target display unit 4
Training is performed until 3L and 43R display the optotype mark 50 of the playing card suit as shown in FIG. 17 (b). By carrying out the training in this way, it is possible to maintain the visual acuity above a certain value.

The next step is the actual training, in which the optotype marks 50 made of playing card suits are displayed on the optotype display sections 43L and 43R as shown in FIG. 17 (b). In this state, the types of the selection branch mark 48 and the optotype mark 50 are changed every time there is a correct response, and the optotype mark 50 is gradually reduced. Then, if the response of the operator S is an incorrect answer, the same selection branch mark 48 is used and any one of the selection branch marks 48 is randomly displayed as the optotype mark 50. During training, it is preferable to inform the trainee of the correctness of the response by voice or the like, but it is possible to omit it. When the response means 47 confirms the selected branch mark 48, the type of the selected branch mark 48 and the size of the optotype mark 50 are changed according to the correctness, and the operator S is made to judge the correctness of the response by this change. You can also

In this embodiment, since the operator S is provided with the selection branch mark 48 separately from the optotype mark 50, the operator S makes an effort to confirm the selection branch mark 48.
The tension of distance vision can be added to alleviate the overstrain of near vision.

FIG. 18 shows the optotype display section 43 during stereoscopic vision training.
4 is a front view of L and 43R, and is surrounded by a surrounding figure 51.
A linear optotype 52 and a cross-shaped selection cursor 53 are displayed on the optotype display units 43L and 43R, respectively, and presented to both eyes. Since the linear optotype 52 is provided with parallax, stereoscopic vision is possible when viewed with both eyes. At this time, the linear target 5
Any one of the two has extra parallax compared to the others, and it feels as if the depth is different from the remaining three. The operator S presses the selection buttons 47b and 47c of the response means 47,
The selection cursor 53 is moved in the left-right direction to select the linear optotype 52 determined to have a different depth, and the response button 47a is pressed to confirm. If the response is correct, the degree of parallax is gradually reduced and the linear optotype 52 is presented, and as shown in FIG. 18, the training result is displayed numerically as the visual angle 54.

The visual target mark for the stereoscopic vision training is the linear target 5.
The number is not limited to 2, and a part of a figure having a certain pattern may be slightly shifted to the left and right to form optotype marks for the left and right eyes. Alternatively, from many pixels, the optotype display unit 43
When L and 43R are configured, characters or the like may be displayed by the random dot method. When different optotype marks are presented based on the visual angle 54, instead of transmitting the training result to the operator S at the visual angle 54, the result can be judged from the change of the presented optotype mark.

FIG. 19 is a block diagram of the seventh embodiment, in which a visual indicator mark 72 to be presented, a visual acuity value 73 indicating its size, and a response are displayed on a display 71 arranged far from the operator S. A selection frame 74 surrounding the optotype mark 72 to be displayed is displayed. The display 71 is connected to the output of the image symbol generating means 75, and the image symbol generating means 75 is connected to the output of the control means 76 having the input section 76a for inputting the training distance and the infrared signal receiving section 76b. , Controls the entire vision system. Then, the response means 77 is prepared at hand, and the response means 77 has four response buttons 77a for inputting the direction of the optotype mark 72, and the infrared signal generator 77b.
Is provided.

Various visual target marks 72 are stored in the built-in semiconductor memory of the image symbol generating means 75, and according to the program stored in the computer of the controlling means 76, this memory is displayed on the display 71 as an image signal. The visual acuity value 73 and the selection frame 74 are displayed together. The operator S observes the display 71, determines the orientation of the optotype mark 72, and presses the response button 77a of the response means 77 to make an input. When a commercially available television receiver is used as the display device 71, the video symbol generating means 75 may output a standardized video signal such as an NTSC signal to the display device 71. When using a liquid crystal display dedicated to the vision device,
Many kinds of output signals of the image symbol generating means 75 can be used other than those in the embodiment.

At the time of training, first, the input unit 7 of the control means 76 is used.
The distance from the operator S himself to the display 71 is input to 6a. 5 m or more is preferable for eyesight training, but about 3 m may be used for home use. The control unit 76 calculates the size of the optotype mark 72 corresponding to the visual acuity value 73 based on the value input to the input unit 76a, and controls the video symbol generation unit 75 to display the optotype mark 72 on the display 71. Is displayed. The displayed visual acuity value 73 has, for example, three levels of magnitude, and the minimum value of the displayed visual acuity value 73 corresponds to the visual acuity of the operator S. In the state of FIG. 19, the visual acuity of the operator S is 0.5.
It turns out that At this time, the selection frame 74 indicates the operator S
A visual target mark 72 having a visual acuity of 0.6, which is much smaller than the visual acuity, is surrounded.

The operator S observes the display 71 from a distance,
The direction of the visual acuity mark 72 is determined, and the response button 77a of the response means 77 corresponding to the direction is pressed. Depending on this input,
An infrared signal is generated from the infrared signal generator 77b and received by the infrared signal receiver 76b of the control means 76.
The correctness of the second response is judged. Since the second response is also performed for the optotype mark 72 representing the same visual acuity value 73, the change of the display of the display 71 is indicated by the selection frame 74 of another optotype mark 7.
Only move to 2. If the correct response is given both times, the screen of the display 71 is renewed, and the optotype mark 72 corresponding to the visual acuity value 73 of 0.6 to 0.8 is displayed.
The training is performed twice using the optotype mark 72 having the visual acuity value 73 of. Also at this time, if the response is correct twice in a row, the screen of the display 71 is revised as described above.

In this embodiment, the optotype marks 72 having the same visual acuity value 73 are obtained until the correct response is obtained twice in a row.
Since the training is repeated by using the
Whether or not the response is correct can be judged from the change in the display of 1, and the visual acuity during the training can be known from the displayed visual acuity value 73.

FIG. 20 shows the display 71 in the eighth embodiment.
Is a front view of the visual acuity device having the same configuration as that of the sixth embodiment, and is different in that a voice generating means (not shown) for notifying correctness / incorrectness of the function and response of the program of the control means 76 by different tone colors There is.

This visual acuity device, as shown in FIG.
The optotype marks 72 are displayed one by one on the display 71. The operator S visually recognizes this display 71 and inputs the direction of the optotype mark 72 to the control means 76 using the response means 77. The control means 76 judges whether the response is right or wrong, and if the response is an incorrect answer, an erroneous answer sound is generated by a voice generating means (not shown), and the size of the optotype mark 72 is fixed and only the direction is changed. If the answer is correct, the correct sound is generated by the voice generating means, and the visual acuity value 73 of the responding optotype mark 72 is displayed on the display 71 as shown in FIG.
Present the results to. The operator S determines from this visual acuity value 73 whether or not to continue the training. When the training is continued, a smaller target mark 72 is displayed on the display 71.

FIG. 21 shows the visual acuity value display section 80 of the ninth embodiment.
FIG. The visual acuity device has almost the same configuration as that of the sixth embodiment, and instead of displaying the visual acuity value 73 on the display 71, the visual acuity value display section 80 dedicated to displaying the visual acuity value 73 has a visual symbol generating means 75 which is easy to visually recognize. The visual acuity value display unit 80 is attached to the upper part of the so that the visual acuity value 73 at the time of training is sequentially displayed.

The visual acuity value display section 80 may be provided in the response means 77 in the vicinity of the operator S. In this case, since the visual acuity value display unit 80 at hand is frequently seen during the training, an effort is made to adjust the eyes from a distance to a near vision, which is preferable for the eyesight training.

[0068]

As described above, in the first and sixth visual acuity devices according to the present invention, since the correctness can be recognized in each response, it can be known whether the visual acuity is better. Since the accommodation state of the eye corresponds to biofeedback, it is possible to understand how to make an effort and improve visual acuity. Also, even if it is used for a long time, the optotype marks do not repeatedly appear in the same order, and since the direction is randomly determined, it will not be remembered and you will not get tired.

The second and sixth visual acuity devices can be continued without getting tired because the effort target and the current level can be known as a training machine.

The third visual acuity device displays a frame around a small optotype, which stabilizes the adjustment function of the eye to be inspected, which improves reproducibility and enables accurate measurement.

Since the fourth visual acuity device can display the optotype marks by changing the direction and the size with the minimum number of pixels, it is possible to display the marks of different sizes at the same position on the display surface, which is efficient. .

Since the fifth visual acuity device displays an apparently distant task, the load of distance vision is added, and it is possible to relieve overstrain due to near vision. Further, since the task is presented optically at a distant position, the face is not brought closer even if the task cannot be clearly recognized.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a front view of a visual acuity target display unit.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a second embodiment.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of an example of a training procedure.

FIG. 5 is a front view of the image display means.

FIG. 6 is a front view of the third embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of a fourth embodiment.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of a display unit.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a Sirenen type optotype mark.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of an optotype mark similar to a Landolt ring.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of an MTF measuring fringe index.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram of a small target mark and a frame edge line.

FIG. 13 is a configuration diagram of a fifth embodiment.

FIG. 14 is a front view of a visual acuity target display unit during visual acuity training.

FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram of a striped target.

FIG. 16 is a configuration diagram of a sixth embodiment.

FIG. 17 is a front view of an optotype display unit during visual acuity training.

FIG. 18 is a front view of the optotype display unit during stereoscopic vision training.

FIG. 19 is a configuration diagram of a seventh embodiment.

FIG. 20 is a front view of an indicator according to an eighth embodiment.

FIG. 21 is a front view of a visual acuity value display unit according to a ninth embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

3, 32, 37, 43L, 43R, 50, 72 Visual acuity target display unit 4, 11, 21 Visual target mark 5 Visual target mark display unit 6, 80 Visual acuity value display unit 7, 14, 24, 35, 76 Control means 8 speaker 9, 13, 23, 36, 77 response means 10 image display section 17, 29, 51 peripheral figure 22 square matrix display section 25 pixels 28, 39 fringe pattern 33 distant view index display section 44 eye width adjustment mechanism 48, 74 option mark 49 selection frame 52 linear optotype 53 selection cursor 71 display 75 video symbol generation means

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. An index presenting means for repeatedly presenting the optotype marks of different sizes one by one by changing their directions, a response means for observing the optotype marks and inputting the direction thereof, and correct or incorrect in each response. A visual acuity device having display means for displaying. 2. The visual acuity device according to claim 1, wherein the display means is an auditory display means. 3. The visual acuity device according to claim 1, wherein the display means is a visual display means. 4. An optotype presenting means for sequentially presenting optotype marks, a display means for displaying visual acuity corresponding to the presented optotype marks, and a response by judging the presented optotype marks. A visual acuity device comprising: a response unit for controlling the optotype presenting unit and the display unit to obtain a response from the response unit. 5. A device for presenting a visual target mark of different size one by one to an electronic figure display means to allow a subject to judge, wherein when presenting a small visual target mark, the target mark is surrounded by the visual target mark. A visual acuity device characterized by simultaneously displaying surrounding figures. 6. An image display means having a square display pixel, and a control means for displaying various optotype marks composed of lines of integral multiples of the display pixel in various directions on the pixel display. Characteristic vision device. 7. A video means for sequentially presenting a task for judging correctness by selection, a diopter variable optical system for changing an apparent diopter of the video means to a distance, a response means for responding to the task, and an operation. It is characterized by further comprising display means for displaying a result for the task and video control means for controlling the video means so as to present the task with a finer pattern when the correct answer is given to the task. Sight device. 8. The visual acuity device according to claim 7, wherein the display unit displays the results of the task in a plurality of pattern types. 9. The visual acuity device according to claim 7, wherein the display unit displays the result by voice. 10. A video signal generating means for generating a video signal representing various optotype marks having different sizes and directions, a display signal generating means for sequentially generating a display signal representing visual acuity during operation, and the video signal. And display means for displaying the optotype mark and visual acuity based on the display signal, selection response means for selecting and inputting the direction of the optotype mark, and the video signal based on the signal from the selection response means. A visual acuity device comprising: a control unit that controls the generation unit.