JPH0623665A - Grinding wheel grinder - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a grinding wheel grinder which performs constant weighing grinding by means of a given press load from the extremely initial stage of grinding. CONSTITUTION:A necessary power is calculated from necessary grinding efficiency by a control unit 4. From the value and data, such as the material of a grinding wheel 70, the press load of the grinding wheel 70 on a work 8 is calculated, and the calculated result is exerted on a cylinder 32 under pressurization by means of an electromagnetic type pressure regulating valve 26. From the state, the grinding wheel 70 is rotated with the aid of a grinding motor 40, and the grinding wheel 70 is moved forward by means of grinding wheel forward movement mechanism 84 and 8b. The grinding wheel is pressed against a work 6 and the grinding wheel rotating mechanism 40 is moved backward, and the press load is exerted on the work 6 from a point of time when the grinding wheel 70 and the work 6 are brought into contact with each other. As a result, constant weighing grinding is carried out from the extremely initial stage of grinding, and further, the press load is corrected by means of a control unit 4 in a manner to match with a deviation between a necessary power and an actual grinding power.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a grindstone grinder that grinds by rotating a grindstone while pressing the grindstone against a material to be ground with a predetermined load. The present invention relates to a grindstone grinder capable of grinding with a predetermined load.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a grindstone grinder, there is a constant load grinding control system as a method for controlling the load of pressing a grindstone against a material to be ground. In this constant load grinding control system, a pressure cylinder that moves the grindstone toward and away from the material to be ground together with the grindstone rotating mechanism is provided, and the pressure set by the pressure control valve is applied to this pressure cylinder to achieve a predetermined pressing force. A method of pressing a grindstone against a material to be ground by a load is used. This allows the material to be ground to be ground while applying a predetermined load.

[0003]

In the above method, the grindstone is pressed against the work material while rotating the grindstone at a high speed until a predetermined pressing load is reached. Since the pressure cylinder that generates this pressing load also serves as the approaching mechanism of the grindstone, the pressing load is zero when the grinding stone contacts the workpiece, and then the pressing load rises. Therefore, the predetermined pressing load cannot be reached unless a certain amount of time elapses after the grindstone comes into contact with the material to be ground. Therefore, when the amount of grinding is small, such as the removal of minute scratches on the surface of the material, the grinding may be finished before the predetermined pressure is reached, and the desired roughness of the finished surface may not be obtained. When grinding while moving the grindstone in parallel along the surface of the material to be ground,
At the initial stage of grinding, the pressing load was small, and uncut parts were left only at the beginning of cutting, and the desired constant weighted grinding was not performed. In order to solve such a problem, a grindstone grinder capable of performing constant weight grinding from the very beginning of grinding has been desired. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a grindstone grinder capable of performing constant weight grinding with a predetermined pressing load from the very beginning of grinding. Another object of the present invention is to make a predetermined pressing load obtained at an extremely early stage of grinding an optimum pressing load.

[0004]

[Means for Solving the Problems] Therefore, claim 1 of the present application
In the invention according to, in order to solve the above problems, in a device that grinds the workpiece by rotating the grindstone while being pressed against the workpiece, a grindstone rotating mechanism that rotates the grindstone, and the grindstone A pressure cylinder for urging the side of the workpiece with a predetermined pressing load via a piston,
A grindstone grinder having a grindstone approaching mechanism for moving the grindstone together with the pressure cylinder to the material to be ground at high speed was created. Here, the high-speed approach means that the pressure cylinder is approached so that the pressing load increases more quickly than when the pressing load increases by increasing the pressure of the piston.

Further, in this grindstone grinding machine, the grindstone rotating mechanism rotates the grindstone by electric power, and an average power detecting means for detecting an average value of power consumption of the grindstone rotating mechanism within a predetermined period; It is preferable that a power comparing means for comparing the average power with a predetermined power and a pressure increasing / decreasing means for increasing / decreasing the pressure in the pressure cylinder according to the comparison result in the power comparing means are added. 2). Alternatively, in this grindstone grinding machine, the grindstone rotating mechanism is for rotating the grindstone by electric power, and a step average power detecting means for detecting an average power consumption during one grinding step of the grindstone rotating mechanism, A process electric power comparing means for comparing the process average electric power with a predetermined electric power, and a process pressure increasing / decreasing device for increasing / decreasing the pressure in the pressure cylinder according to a comparison result in the process electric power comparing means before starting the next grinding process. May be added (corresponding to claim 3). Here, it is more preferable that the predetermined electric power is determined by the grinding efficiency (corresponding to claim 4).

[0006]

According to the grinding wheel grinding machine of the invention of claim 1 of the present application having the above-mentioned structure, the pressure of the chamber in the pressure cylinder that applies pressure to the piston is set to a pressure corresponding to a predetermined pressing load. You can From this state, the grinding stone approaching mechanism causes the grinding stone together with the pressure cylinder to approach the material to be ground at high speed, and the grinding stone is pressed against the material to be ground. As a result, the pressure is rapidly increased, and the predetermined pressing load is reached in a short time. In this way, the grindstone grinder can perform constant weight grinding from the very beginning of grinding.

According to the grindstone grinder of the second aspect of the invention, the grindstone rotating mechanism rotates the grindstone by electric power, and the average value of the power consumption of the grindstone rotating mechanism within the predetermined period is detected as the average power. Detected by means. The average power and the preset predetermined power are compared by the power comparison means, and the pressure in the pressure cylinder is increased or decreased by the pressure increasing / decreasing means according to the comparison result. As a result, the pressing load is corrected every predetermined period, and the constant weighted grinding with the predetermined electric power is performed. Further, according to the grindstone grinding machine of the third aspect of the invention, the average power consumption during one grinding step of the grinding wheel rotating mechanism is detected by the process average power detection means. The process average power and the predetermined power are compared by the process power comparison means, and the pressure in the pressure cylinder is increased or decreased by the process pressure increasing / decreasing means according to the comparison result before the next grinding process is started. As a result, the pressing load is corrected by learning control for each grinding process, and constant weighted grinding with a predetermined electric power is performed even in a short grinding process.
According to the grinding wheel grinding machine of the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the predetermined power is determined by the grinding efficiency, the correction is performed so that the power corresponds to the required grinding efficiency. You can get efficiency.

[0008]

【Example】

First Embodiment Next, a first embodiment embodying the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram showing a first embodiment of a grindstone grinder of the present invention. Reference numeral 1 is a grindstone grinder, and this grindstone grinder 1 includes a grinding machine portion 2 including a rotating mechanism of a grindstone 70, a pressure cylinder, a grindstone approaching mechanism, etc., and a rotating mechanism, a pressure cylinder, a grindstone approaching mechanism, etc. And a control unit 4 for controlling the operation of. Then, according to the magnitude of the pressing load set by the control unit 4, a predetermined pressing load is applied to the grindstone 70 in the pressure cylinder 32 of the grinding machine part 2 and the constant weight grinding of the workpiece 6 is performed.

Next, the structure of the grinding machine portion 2 will be described in detail with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view showing the grinding machine portion 2 of the grindstone grinder 1 of this embodiment. In the grinding machine part 2, first, a grindstone approaching mechanism for moving up and down the grindstone 70 and its rotating mechanism mainly includes the elevating ball screw 84 and the elevating base 86. A lifting servomotor 76 is connected to the lifting ball screw 84 via a transmission mechanism 80 and a motor shaft 78. When the lifting servomotor 76 rotates, the lifting ball screw 84 also rotates. As a result, the elevating base 86 moves back and forth with respect to the elevating ball screw 84. In this way, the grindstone 70 attached to the elevating base 86 as described below and its rotating mechanism are
The workpiece 6 is moved up and down and positioned.

The forward / backward movement of the lifting base 86 with respect to the lifting ball screw 84 is precisely controlled by the lifting servomotor 76 and the lifting ball screw 84 which are numerically controlled. Therefore, the forward / backward position of the elevating base 86 is extremely precisely positioned by this NC (numerical control) mechanism. Further, by utilizing this NC mechanism and the grindstone / material contact detection by the control unit 4 which will be described later, the magnitude of wear of the grindstone 70 is detected from the change in the position where the grindstone 70 contacts the workpiece 6. It can also be used to control grinding. A limit switch 82 is provided near the elevating ball screw 84 so that the elevating base 86 abuts at its upper end position. By the operation of the limit switch 82, the elevating base 86 stops at a predetermined upper end position without overshooting.

An electric motor 40 for grinding is fixed to the elevating base 86, and the electric motor 40 for grinding is operated by electric power supplied from a power source 36. The rotary shaft 40 a of the grinding electric motor 40 penetrates the elevating base 86 and extends downward. Also lift base 86
A spline case 44 is fixed to the lower part of
The ball spline 46 fixed to the tip of the rotary shaft 40a is rotatably attached to the spline case 44 via a ball bearing 45. A spline shaft 52 is spline-coupled to the ball spline 46 at a spline portion 52a at the upper end thereof. This spline shaft 52
Via the upper and lower two ball bearings 48 and 56,
It is rotatably attached to the pressing load case 50. The pressing load case 50 is attached to the spline case 44 so as to be vertically slidable via a linear sliding bearing cylinder mechanism (a linear slide mechanism generally called a linear bush) 54. The linear slide bearing cylinder mechanism 54 urges the pressing load case 50 upward with respect to the spline case 44.

At the lower end of the pressing load case 50, a pressure reducing piston fixing portion 50a protruding laterally is provided, and the pressure reducing piston fixing portion 50a is provided at the pressure reducing piston 3a.
4 piston shaft 34a is fixed. The reduction piston 34 has a disc shape and is slidably fitted to the inner wall of the cylindrical reduction cylinder 32. The lower end surface of the reduction cylinder 32 has the spline case 4
It is being fixed to the lower end of 4 via a mounting member 44a. Ring-shaped stoppers 33A and 33B are fixed to the upper part and the lower part of the inner wall of the pressure reduction cylinder 32, respectively, whereby the upper and lower ends of the stroke of the pressure reduction piston 34 are determined. Above the upper stopper 33A and below the lower stopper 33B, the pressure air pipe 2
9A and 29B are connected.

As described above, the inside of the pressure reducing cylinder 32 is divided into two chambers, that is, the upper chamber 32A and the lower chamber 32B by the pressure reducing piston 34, and the pressure air pipe 2 is provided in the upper chamber 32A.
9A and pressure air piping 29B in the lower chamber 32B
The respective pressure air is supplied by. The pressure air pipes 29A and 29B are connected via an electromagnetic pressure control valve 26 and a manual pressure control valve 30, respectively.
It is connected to a pressure air source 28. This pressure air source 28
Pressure air supplied from the above is adjusted by the electromagnetic pressure adjustment valve 26 and the manual pressure adjustment valve 30 and is supplied to the upper chamber 32A and the lower chamber 32B partitioned by the reduction piston 34 inside the reduction cylinder 32. Is done. Here, the air pressure supplied to the lower chamber 32B of the pressure reduction cylinder 32 is adjusted to a pressure that can rapidly raise the pressure reduction piston 34 when the air pressure supplied to the upper chamber 32A becomes zero. ing. The air pressure supplied to the upper chamber 32A is the required air pressure plus the air pressure supplied to the lower chamber 32B. Then, the pressing piston 34 urgently
When it is necessary to raise the pressure chamber, pressurized air is supplied to the lower chamber 32B.

Further, a grindstone support box 60 is fixed to the lower end surface of the pressing load case 50. A first bevel gear 58 is fixed to the lower end of the spline shaft 52 extending into the grindstone support box 60. The first bevel gear 58 includes a second bevel gear 66.
Mesh with each other at a right angle, and the second bevel gear 66 is fixed to the grindstone shaft 64 in the grindstone support box 60. The grindstone shaft 64 is horizontally rotatably attached to the grindstone support box 60 via two bearings 62 and 68. Grindstone shaft 64
Has a tip protruding outside the grindstone support box 60,
A whetstone 70 for grinding the workpiece 6 is fixed to the protruding portion of the whetstone shaft 64. This grindstone 70
Has a pair of grindstone flanges 72 that are fitted to the grindstone shaft 64 in through holes provided in the center thereof and whose both sides are also fitted to the grindstone shaft 64 in through holes.
It is sandwiched between. Then, the fixing nut 74 is screwed into the external thread portion of the tip of the grindstone shaft 64, so that the pair of grindstone flanges 72 and the grindstone 70 are tightened and positioned and fixed. Thus, the grinding machine part 2 of the grindstone grinder 1 is configured.

Accordingly, the electric motor 40 for grinding, the rotary shaft 40a, the ball spline 46, the ball bearings 48, 56, the spline shaft 52, the first bevel gear 58, the grindstone shaft 64, and the second bevel gear 66 are the grindstones for rotating the grindstone 70. It constitutes the rotating mechanism. Also,
The reduction cylinder 32 is a pressure cylinder that urges the grindstone 70 toward the workpiece 6 side with a predetermined pressing load via the piston 34. Further, the lifting servomotor 76, the motor shaft 78, the transmission mechanism 80, the lifting ball screw 84,
The elevating base 86, the spline case 44, and the linear sliding bearing cylinder mechanism 54 function as a grindstone approach mechanism that causes the grindstone 70 together with the pressure cylinder 32 to approach the workpiece 6 at high speed.

Next, the control unit 4 for controlling the grinding machine part 2 of the grindstone grinder 1 according to this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. This control unit 4
CPU (Central Processing Unit) 14, ROM 16, RAM 18
The computer system having the above memory device is mainly configured as follows. A power line 37 for supplying power from a power source 36 is connected to the grinding electric motor 40, and an ammeter 38 for detecting a current consumed in the grinding electric motor 40 is connected to the power line 37. Installed. Based on the current value detected by the ammeter 38, the magnitude of the power consumed in the grinding electric motor 40 can be obtained. This ammeter 38
Is connected to the A / D conversion unit 12, and the analog signal corresponding to the current value detected by the ammeter 38 is input to the A / D conversion unit 12 and converted into a digital signal. . This digital signal is
It is input from the input I / O port 10 connected to the A / D conversion unit 12 to the computer system of the control unit 4 centering on the CPU 14.

A keyboard 8 for inputting various data and setting values is connected to the input I / O port 10. Further, the input I / O port 10 has a CPU 14,
ROM16, RAM18 and output I / O port 20
Are connected by a bus 19. The bus 19 functions as a path for exchanging signals between them. Then, various data such as required grinding efficiency is input from the keyboard 8, and based on this data, the CPU 14 and the RAM
The necessary electric power to be consumed during grinding in the grindstone rotating mechanism is set by 18, etc. Specifically, the required power is input and set, and the grinding reduction force that should correspond to the required power, that is, the grinding load power is calculated. Alternatively, the correspondence table of the grinding load power and the grinding reduction force based on the empirical value or the experimental value is stored in the ROM 16 in advance, and the calculation is performed by selecting from the correspondence table. The required power value thus calculated is stored in the required power storage area 18a of the RAM 18.

Then, the required pressing load of the grindstone 70 against the workpiece 6 is calculated from the value of the required power, the condition of the grindstone material input from the keyboard 8 and the data of the grindstone peripheral speed. It The value of the pressing load calculated in this way is output from the output I / O port 20 as a signal representing the initial setting value of the pressing load. This signal becomes an analog signal through the D / A conversion unit 22, is amplified by the pressure adjusting amplifier 24, and operates the electromagnetic pressure adjusting valve 26. Accordingly, the air pressure supplied to the upper chamber 32A of the pressure reducing cylinder 32 has a magnitude corresponding to the value of the calculated pressing load (as described above, the air pressure corresponding to the required pressing load is applied to the lower chamber 32B). (Supplied with the supplied air pressure). The ROM 16 has a grindstone / material contact power storage area 16a. In this grindstone / material contact power storage area 16a, the grindstone 70 is moved by the lifting / lowering positioning mechanisms 84 and 86.
The value (threshold value) of the grinding power that is empirically known and that is generated when the touching point is touched is stored. Furthermore, this RO
M16 has a program storage area 16b, and a control program for executing control by the control unit 4 is stored in this program storage area 16b.

On the other hand, another output signal line 38B is branched from the output signal line 38A, and an analog comparator (not shown) is provided in the middle of this output signal line 38B. The analog comparator (not shown) stores an empirically known value (threshold value) of grinding power generated when the grindstone 70 contacts the workpiece 6. Then, in this analog comparator, the amount of analog current from the ammeter 38 input from the output signal line 38B is compared with a threshold value, and when the amount of analog current exceeds the threshold value, a digital signal is output. . By inputting this digital signal into the input I / O port 10 via the output signal line 38B,
It is determined that the grindstone 70 has come into contact with the workpiece 6, and the value of the corresponding variable is stored in the contact start storage area 18b of the RAM 18. In this way, the determination of the start of contact between the grindstone 70 and the workpiece 6 is made.

Here, by using the threshold value stored in the above-mentioned grindstone / material contact power storage area 16a, it is possible to judge the contact start without using the output signal line 38B and the analog comparator (not shown). it can. That is, in this case, the output signal line 38A
A digital signal input to the input I / O port 10 via the A / D conversion unit 12 from the CPU 14, RA
By using M18, etc., the grindstone / material contact power storage area 16a
Compared to the threshold value stored in. Then, when the input digital signal becomes larger than the threshold value,
It is determined that the grindstone 70 has come into contact with the workpiece 6, and the value of the corresponding variable is stored in the contact start storage area 18b of the RAM 18. That is, in the present embodiment, both of these two methods are possible, and either method is selected and executed as appropriate.

After that, the value of the grinding power input (obtained by the CPU 14, RAM 18, etc. from the current value measured by the ammeter 38) is stored in the grinding power storage area 18c of the RAM 18. On the other hand, the time per time when obtaining the average value of electric power (0.5 seconds, 1 second, 2 seconds, etc.)
Is input from the keyboard 8 and stored in the processing time storage area 18d of the RAM 18. When the contact between the grindstone 70 and the workpiece 6 is detected as described above, the value of the grinding power temporarily stored in the grinding power storage area 18c is changed at each time stored in the processing time storage area 18d. It is taken out and the average value is obtained. Then, the average power value is stored in the average power storage area 18e of the RAM 18.

Then, the value of the average power stored in the average power storage area 18e and the required power storage area 18a.
The required power value stored in the CPU 14 and the RAM 18
And so on. As a result of the comparison, when the value of the average electric power is larger than the value of the required electric power, the grinding amount per time is larger than planned, so that the pressing load is too large. / O port 20
Outputs a signal to reduce the pressing load. This signal becomes an analog signal through the D / A conversion unit 22,
The pressure is amplified in the pressure adjusting amplifier 24, and the electromagnetic pressure adjusting valve 26 is operated to operate the upper chamber 32 of the pressure reducing cylinder 32.
The air pressure supplied to A is reduced. On the other hand, when the average power value is smaller than the required power value, the amount of grinding per hour is smaller than planned, and therefore the pressing load is too small. Therefore, the output I / O port A signal for increasing the pressing load is output from 20. As a result, the air pressure supplied to the upper chamber 32A of the pressure reducing cylinder 32 is increased by the electromagnetic pressure control valve 26. In this way, the grindstone 70 attached to the pressing piston 34 and the rotating mechanism thereof are pressed against the workpiece 6 by the pressing load corrected as described above.

Therefore, the input I / O port 10, the A / D conversion unit 12, the CPU 14, the ROM 16, the RAM 1
The bus 8, the ammeter 38, and the ammeter 38 constitute an average power detection unit that detects an average value of power consumption of the grindstone rotating mechanism 40 and the like within a predetermined period. In addition, CPU14, ROM16, R
The AM 18 and the bus 19 function as a power comparison unit that compares the average power with a predetermined power. Furthermore, the CPU 14,
ROM16, RAM18, bus 19, output I / O port 20, D / A conversion unit 22, pressure adjusting amplifier 2
4, the electromagnetic pressure control valve 26, the power comparison means 14,
A pressure increasing / decreasing unit that increases / decreases the pressure in the pressure cylinder 32 in accordance with the comparison result of 16, 18, and 19 is configured.

Now, a method of grinding a grindstone using the grindstone grinder 1 having the above construction will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. First, various data such as the required grinding efficiency is input from the keyboard 8 and based on this data the CP
U14, RAM18, etc., electric motor 40 for grinding
At, the required power to be consumed during grinding is calculated. The calculated required power value is stored in the required power storage area 18a of the RAM 18. Then, the necessary pressing load of the grindstone 70 against the workpiece 6 is calculated from the value of the required electric power, the condition such as the material of the grindstone 70 input from the keyboard 8 and the data such as the grindstone peripheral speed. The value of the pressing load calculated in this way is output from the output I / O port 20 as a signal representing the initial setting value of the pressing load. This signal becomes an analog signal through the D / A conversion unit 22, is amplified by the pressure adjusting amplifier 24, and operates the electromagnetic pressure adjusting valve 26. As a result, the air pressure supplied to the upper chamber 32A of the pressure reducing cylinder 32 is set to a magnitude corresponding to the calculated value of the pressing load (to which the air pressure supplied to the lower chamber 32B is added). .

From this state, the grinding motor 40 rotates, and its rotational force is transmitted by the ball spline 46, the first bevel gear 58, the second bevel gear 66, etc., and the grindstone 70 rotates. Subsequently, the grindstone approaching mechanisms 84, 86 and the like move the grindstone rotating mechanisms 40, 46, 58, 66 and the like forward together with the reduction cylinder 32 and the like, and press the grindstone 70 against the workpiece 6 with the applied pressing load. To be As a result, the reduction piston 34 moves in a direction deeply entering the reduction cylinder 32, and the grindstone 70 moves the grindstone support box 60,
It retreats to some extent together with the pressing load case 50. At the same time, the pressing load obtained from the various data in a predictive manner is applied to the workpiece 6 from the time when the grindstone 70 contacts the workpiece 6. As a result, constant weight grinding is performed from the very beginning of grinding. During this grinding (after it is determined that the grinding power exceeds the threshold value and the grindstone 70 comes into contact with the workpiece 6), the magnitude of the current consumed by the electric motor for grinding 40 by the ammeter 38 is It is detected every minimum unit time. From the magnitude of this current, CPU1
4, the magnitude of the grinding power is obtained by the ROM 16, the RAM 18, etc., and is temporarily stored in the grinding power storage area 18c of the RAM 18. Then, the grinding power storage area 18c is set for each processing time input in advance from the keyboard 8.
The value of the grinding power stored in is extracted and the average value per processing time is calculated. The calculated average power value is stored in the average power storage area 18e of the RAM 18.

The average power value and the required power value stored in the required power storage area 18a are stored in the CPU.
14, the ROM 16, the RAM 18 and the like are compared, and when the average power value is larger, the pressing load is too large, so a signal for reducing the pressing load is output from the output I / O port 20. As a result, the electromagnetic pressure control valve 26 is activated, and the upper chamber 32 of the pressure reduction cylinder 32 is activated.
The pressure of the air supplied to A is reduced. On the other hand, when the average power value is smaller than the required power value, the pressing load is too small, so a signal for increasing the pressing load is output from the output I / O port 20, and the electromagnetic pressure The upper chamber 3 of the reduction cylinder 32 by the adjusting valve 26
The air pressure supplied to 2A is increased. In this way, the pressing load of the grindstone 70 is corrected, and thereafter, as the grinding progresses, the pressure increasing / decreasing means 1 is adjusted according to the comparison result.
The pressure in the upper chamber 32A of the pressure cylinder 32 is corrected by 4-26. As a result, the pressing load applied to the material 6 to be ground becomes more appropriate in order to obtain the required grinding efficiency. Subsequent grinding is performed by this corrected pressing load.

As described above, according to the grindstone grinder 1 of the present embodiment, the grindstone rotating mechanism 40 and the like rotate the grindstone 70 by electric power, and the average power consumption of the grindstone rotating mechanism 40 and the like within a predetermined period. Values are average power detection means 10 to 1
Detected by 9,38. The average power and the predetermined power are compared by the power comparing means 14 to 19, and the pressure increasing / decreasing means 14 to 26 increase or decrease the pressure in the upper chamber 32A of the pressure cylinder 32 according to the comparison result. As a result, the pressing load is corrected every predetermined period, and the constant weighted grinding with the predetermined electric power is performed. Further, in the grindstone grinding machine 1 of the present embodiment, since the predetermined power is determined by the grinding efficiency, the correction is performed so that the power corresponds to the required grinding efficiency, and as a result, the necessary grinding efficiency is obtained. Therefore, constant weight grinding is performed under the optimum pressing load.

Second Embodiment Next, a second embodiment embodying the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
Will be described with reference to. The same members as those of the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted. The grindstone grinder of the second embodiment is similar to the grindstone grinder 1 of the first embodiment in that a grinding machine portion having a grindstone rotating mechanism, a pressure cylinder, a grindstone approaching mechanism, and the like, these rotating mechanisms, pressure cylinders, and grindstone approaching units. It is mainly composed of a control unit for controlling the operation of the mechanism and the like. Then, according to the magnitude of the pressing load set by the control unit, a predetermined pressing load is applied to the grindstone in the pressure cylinder of the grinding machine part, and constant weight grinding of the material to be ground is performed. The structure of the grinding machine part is the same as the structure of the grinding machine part 2 of the grindstone grinder 1 of the first embodiment.

In the control unit, the first embodiment
Similarly, the required pressing load of the grindstone 70 against the workpiece 6 is calculated from the required power value, the condition of the grindstone material and the like, and the data such as the grindstone peripheral speed. The air pressure supplied to the upper chamber 32A of the pressure reduction cylinder 32 is set to a magnitude corresponding to the value of the pressing load calculated in this way. With this pressing load, the first grinding is performed. At this time, similarly, the value of the grinding power input (obtained by the CPU 14, RAM 18, etc. from the current value measured by the ammeter 38) is stored in the grinding power storage area 18c of the RAM 18. However, the processing time is not input from the keyboard 8, and a program for determining the end of one grinding process by the grinding machine part 2 based on the value of the grinding power input instead, and a storage area for executing the program. And the like in the ROM 16 and the RAM 18 (not shown). When the end of one grinding process is detected by this, the value of the grinding power temporarily stored in the grinding power storage area 18c during the one grinding process is taken out and the average value thereof is calculated. To be The value of the average power of one process is stored in the process average power storage area (not shown) of the RAM 18.

The value of the process average power stored in the process average power storage area and the required power storage area 18 are stored.
The value of the required power stored in a is the CPU 14, the RAM 1
8 etc. are compared. As a result of the comparison, when the value of the process average power is larger than the value of the required power, the grinding amount per time is larger than planned, and the pressing load is too large. Therefore, a signal for reducing the pressing load is output from the output I / O port 20, and the electromagnetic pressure control valve 26 operates to reduce the air pressure supplied to the upper chamber 32A of the pressure reduction cylinder 32. On the other hand, when the value of the process average power is smaller than the value of the required power, the grinding amount per time is smaller than planned, and the pressing load is too small. Therefore, the output I
A signal for increasing the pressing load is output from the / O port 20, and the pressure reducing cylinder 3 is controlled by the electromagnetic pressure adjusting valve 26.
The air pressure supplied to the upper chamber 32A of No. 2 is raised. By the pressing load thus corrected, the grindstone 70 attached to the reduction piston 34 and its rotating mechanism are pressed against the workpiece 6 at the time of the next grinding.

Therefore, the input I / O port 10, A / D conversion unit 12, CPU 14, ROM 16, RAM 1
8, grinding power storage area 18c, bus 19, ammeter 38
Constitutes a process average power detection means for detecting average power consumption during one grinding process of the grindstone rotating mechanism. Also,
The CPU 14, the ROM 16, the RAM 18, and the bus 19 function as process power comparison means for comparing the process average power with a predetermined power. Further, CPU 14, ROM 16, RA
The M18, the bus 19, the output I / O port 20, the D / A conversion unit 22, the pressure adjusting amplifier 24, and the electromagnetic pressure adjusting valve 26 are compared with each other by the comparison result in the process power comparing means before the start of the next grinding process. In accordance with the above, the process pressure increasing / decreasing means for increasing / decreasing the pressure in the pressure cylinder is configured.

As described above, according to the grindstone grinding machine of the present embodiment, the average power consumption during one grinding process by the grindstone rotating mechanism 40 or the like is detected by the process average power detection means 10 to 19, 38. The process average power and the predetermined power are compared in the process power comparing means 14 to 19, and the process pressure increasing / decreasing means 14 to 26 according to the comparison result by the process pressure increasing / decreasing means 14 to 26 upper chamber 32A of the pressure cylinder 32.
The pressure inside is increased or decreased. As a result, the pressing load is corrected by learning control for each grinding process, and constant weighted grinding with a predetermined electric power is performed even in a short grinding process.

In each of the above-described embodiments, all the values of the grinding power after the time when the grinding power exceeds the threshold value and it is determined that the grindstone 70 has contacted the workpiece 6 are input to the RAM 18,
The average power or process average power is calculated using the values of these grinding powers. However, a more efficient pressure correction is achieved by adopting a method of calculating the average power by storing only the grinding power when the grinding wheel 70 and the workpiece 6 are in contact with each other, rather than at the time of contact between them. Is done. Alternatively, all the values of the grinding power from the time of contact between the grindstone 70 and the workpiece 6 are input to the RAM 18, and only the grinding power after a stable grinding state is taken out from the RAM 18 and used for calculating the average power. The method may be used. Further, in each of the above-described embodiments, the pressure cylinder operated by the pressure air is used as the pressure cylinder, but another pressure cylinder such as a hydraulic cylinder may be used. Further, the grindstone approach mechanism including an NC (numerical control) mechanism using a servomotor and a ball screw has been described, but a grindstone approach mechanism having another structure may be used. The structure, arrangement, shape, size, material, number, etc. of the other parts of the grindstone grinder are not limited to those of the above embodiments.

Further, as an effect peculiar to each of the above embodiments,
Since the NC mechanism is used as the grindstone approach mechanism, the grindstone wear amount can also be detected by the change in the movement amount from the initial origin to the contact of the work piece with the grindstone. Further, in order to keep the gap with the grindstone constant according to the amount of wear of the grindstone, if the retreat position of the grindstone by the grindstone approaching mechanism is gradually approached to the material to be ground, the separation gap can be kept to a minimum, Helps to shorten the process.

[0035]

According to the present invention, since a grindstone grinder for performing grinding by pressing a rotating mechanism of a grindstone to which a predetermined pressing load is applied in advance to a material to be grinded by a grindstone approaching mechanism, an extremely initial grinding operation is performed. Therefore, constant load grinding can be performed. As a result, constant-load grinding can be performed even when the cutting allowance is small, and the grinding wheel grinding machine becomes extremely practical.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram showing Examples 1 and 2 of a grindstone grinder of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view showing a mechanical portion of Examples 1 and 2 of the grindstone grinder.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Grindstone Grinding Machine 6 Grinding Material 32 Pressure Cylinder 40, 46, 48, 52, 56, 58, 64, 66 Grindstone Rotating Mechanism 44, 54, 76, 78, 80, 84, 86 Grindstone Approaching Mechanism 70 Grindstone 10, 12 , 14, 16, 18, 19, 38 Average power detecting means 14, 16, 18, 19 Power comparing means 14, 16, 18, 19, 20, 22, 24, 26 Pressure increasing / decreasing means 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 19, 38 Process average power detecting means 14, 16, 18, 19 Process power comparing means 14, 16, 18, 19, 20, 22, 24, 26 Process pressure increasing / decreasing means

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A grindstone grinder that grinds a material to be ground by rotating the grindstone in a state of being pressed against the material to be ground, the grindstone rotating mechanism rotating the grindstone, and the grindstone to the material to be ground. A grindstone grinder having a pressure cylinder for urging a side of the piston with a predetermined pressing load through a piston, and a grindstone approach mechanism for moving the grindstone together with the pressure cylinder to the workpiece to be ground at high speed. 2. The grindstone grinding machine according to claim 1, wherein the grindstone rotating mechanism rotates the grindstone by electric power, and an average value for detecting an average value of power consumption of the grindstone rotating mechanism within a predetermined period. Grinding wheel grinding provided with electric power detecting means, electric power comparing means for comparing the average electric power with a predetermined electric power, and pressure increasing / decreasing means for increasing / decreasing the pressure in the pressure cylinder in accordance with the comparison result in the electric power comparing means. Machine. 3. The grindstone grinder according to claim 1, wherein the grindstone rotating mechanism rotates the grindstone by electric power, and detects an average power consumption during one grinding step of the grindstone rotating mechanism. Process average power detection means, process power comparison means for comparing the process average power with a predetermined power, and pressure in the pressure cylinder according to the comparison result in the process power comparison means prior to the start of the next grinding process. A grindstone grinding machine to which a process pressure increasing / decreasing means for increasing / decreasing is added. 4. The grindstone grinding machine according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the predetermined power is determined by grinding efficiency.