JPH062351B2 - Method and apparatus for solidifying waste plastics - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a waste plastic volume reduction solidification treatment method and apparatus for reducing the volume of plastic waste and solidifying it.

[Prior Art and its Problems] FIG. 7 shows the configuration of a conventional volume reduction solidification processing apparatus for waste plastic.

Reference numeral 1 denotes a throw-in hopper, and the throw-in hopper 1 is mainly charged with waste plastics such as plastic materials of so-called city waste discharged from ordinary households. The waste plastics that are put in are supplied to the supply conveyor 2,
Delivered via 3 to the plastic shredder 4. In this plastic shredder 4, waste plastics are crushed to a certain size, but coarse waste plastics that are not crushed are discharged to pallets 5a, 5b via separate carry-out ports 4a, 4b. On the other hand, the crushed plastics are conveyed to the crusher 7 by the feeding conveyor 6, and a magnet roller 6a using a permanent magnet is used at one end of the conveyor 6 and mixed with the waste plastics. Iron or the like is sorted by the magnet roller 6a and discharged to the pallet 5c via the discharge port 4c. Therefore crusher 7
Only the waste plastics are charged into and is further pulverized by a later-mentioned solidification device described later until the particle size becomes easy to solidify. The crushed waste plastics are sent to the plastic solidifying device 9 via the conveyor 8.
In the plasticizer 9, the waste plastics are compressed by the screw blades and the like, and the frictional heat at the time of compression causes the waste plastics to be melted and solidified, thereby reducing the volume thereof. The solidified waste plastics are carried out to the pit 10 for carrying out.

Waste plastics that have been reduced in volume and solidified in this way are to be discarded for landfill, and solidification has the advantage of stabilizing the ground in the landfill.

However, in this type of waste plastics solidifying apparatus, the waste plastics to be solidified are not always supplied to the hopper 1 in a constant amount depending on the conditions of collecting waste, etc. The supply of plastics may be interrupted. On the other hand, repeating the operation and stop of the plastic solidification device 9 that requires a large amount of power used in this type of processing system in a short cycle consumes extra power and lowers workability. If the plastics dissolved in the plastic solidifying device 9 solidify due to the stoppage, it is necessary to operate the plastic solidifying device 9 at a constant power for the reason that the next operation start becomes difficult.

[Object of the Invention] The present invention has been made in order to eliminate the above-mentioned problems, and always supplies a fixed amount of waste plastics to a solidifying device regardless of the amount of waste plastics supplied to a hopper. An object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus for solidifying waste plastics that can be cut out and solidified well.

[Structure of the Invention] According to the method for solidifying waste plastics of the present invention, an apparatus capable of quantitatively cutting out crushed plastic wastes is temporarily stored in a storage tank, and the plastics are cut out from the storage tank by a quantitative cutting apparatus. It is characterized in that a predetermined amount of waste is supplied to a solidification device to solidify. The waste plastics solidifying device of the present invention is provided with a crushing device for crushing plastic wastes in advance, a crushing device for further crushing the crushed plastics, and a plurality of crushed waste plastics. A feeding device that can divide and feed the waste plastics stored in each storage tank, a dryer for drying the waste plastics stored in each storage tank, and the waste plastics stored in each storage tank. A stirrer for stirring, a quantitative cut-out device for cutting and discharging the agitated waste plastics in a predetermined amount, and a solidification device for compressing and solidifying the waste plastics sent by the quantitative cut-out device are provided. Characterize.

[Embodiment] FIG. 1 shows a structure of a solidifying apparatus for waste plastics, which is an embodiment of the present invention, and the same parts as those in the conventional example are designated by the same reference numerals.

Reference numeral 11 is a blower for feeding the waste plastics crushed by the crusher 7, and a switching damper 12a is provided in the middle of the feeding pipe 12 connected to the blower 11. The switching damper 12a and subsequent parts are divided into two supply pipes 12A and 12B, and are connected to respective tanks 13A and 13B of the storage tank 13 whose inside is separated by a partition wall 13X. In each of these storage tanks 13A and 13B, a cutting screw 1 for quantitatively cutting out the waste plastics that have been input.
In addition to 4, the stirrer 15 is provided in order to prevent the arching phenomenon in which the waste plastics that have been input do not spontaneously fall and remain in the upper portion of the storage tank 13. 16
Is a blower for drying the waste plastics in the tanks 13A and 13B of the storage tank 13.

This storage tank 13 will be described with reference to the front view of FIG. 2 and the side view of FIG. 2 and 3 show only one tank 13A of the storage tank 13, but the other one tank 13A.
B has the same configuration.

In the stirring device 15, as shown in FIG. 2, six stirring blades 15b-1 to 15b-6 are provided at equal intervals on a stirring shaft 15a. As shown in FIG. 4, each stirring blade 15b is made of a steel plate formed in a substantially rectangular shape. The ends of the two opposite sides of the steel plate are bent in opposite directions at certain angles, and cut out at the time of stirring. I try to get the effect. Each stirring blade 15b provided on the stirring shaft 15a
As shown in FIGS. 5 (1) to 5 (4), the mounting position angles of the -1 to 15b-6 are sequentially shifted by 45 ° in the blade rotation direction. In this way, each stirring blade 15b-
By providing 1 to 15b-6 in a spiral shape, it is possible to always obtain a constant cutting ability. As shown in FIG. 3, four such stirrers 15 (15A-1 to 15A-4) are provided in the upper row of the storage tank 13A, and four (15A-5 to 15A-8) are provided in the lower row, for a total of eight. The pedestals are provided in the horizontal direction at predetermined intervals as described below. The stirring devices 15A-1 and 15A-2 are driven by one motor M, and the stirring devices 15A-3 and 15A-4 are driven by another motor M. As described above, the two stirring devices 15 are operated in pairs, and the rotation angles of the stirring devices 15 paired are 4 mechanically.
The stirrer blades 15b of the stirrer 15 paired with each other are displaced by 5 ° so that the stirrer blades 15b mesh with each other at different position angles. In order to further improve the stirring effect, the rotation direction is such that the rotation direction is a forward rotation as indicated by an arrow and a reverse rotation is a direction opposite to the arrow.

On the other hand, the lower portion of the storage tank 13A is squeezed into a V shape by the wall surface 20 along the axial direction of the stirring device 15, and the three screw 1 for cutting are provided in the squeezed lowermost space.
4-1 to 14-3 are provided at equal intervals in the horizontal direction and the coaxial direction. Each screw 14 is driven by three independent motors M. A damper 17 is provided at the cutout exit of each screw 14.
A is provided, and 17B in FIG. 2 indicates a damper that is similarly provided on the cutting screw 14 of the other tank 13B of the storage tank 13. Therefore, the storage tank 13A
When operating the cut-out screw 14 of
7A is opened and the other damper 17B is closed, and the screw 14 driven in this way is
The damper 17 on the side is opened, and the waste plastics cut out by the screw 14 are discharged from the discharge port 13Z to the lower conveyer 18.

Next, the function of the storage tank 13 in the apparatus for solidifying waste plastics of the present invention will be described.

The waste plastic crushed by the crusher 7 is the blower 1
1, the switching damper 12a provided in the supply pipe 12 is supplied to the storage tank 13 by the supply pipe 12A or 12B.
By switching to one of the two sides, the waste plastics can be stored only in one of the storage tank 13A side and the storage tank 13B side, for example. Thereby, the storage tank 13A or the storage tank 13B can be used, for example, every other day. The waste plastics stored in one storage tank, for example, the 13A tank, is then dried by the drying blower 16 for about half a day. Next, cutting out the waste plastics stored and dried in the storage tank 13A will be described.

The lower row stirrers 15A-5 to 15A-8 and below are the first layers, and the upper row stirrers 15A-1 to 15A-4 and below are lower stirrers 15A-5 to 15A-8 and above. There are two layers. Now, when cutting out the waste plastics of the first layer, the stirring devices 15A-1 to 15A-8 are stopped. On the other hand, the cut-out screws 14-1 and 14-2 or the cut-out screws 14-2 and 14-3 are alternately operated at predetermined time intervals. Now, for example, a cut screw 14-1 is sent toward the damper 17A at a predetermined speed, and a certain amount of crushed waste plastics per unit time is dropped from the discharge port 13Z to the conveyor 18. (Hereinafter, this operation is referred to as a quantitative cutting device)
Then, the waste plastics are supplied to the plastic solidifying device 9 via the conveyor 18. At this time, by installing the stirrers 15A-5 to 15A-8 in the lower row above a certain level, it is possible to prevent the waste plastics stored in the second layer from falling into the first layer. 1
Only a certain amount of waste plastics in the layer can be cut out. Similarly, with respect to the other screws 14-2 and 14-3, waste plastics are similarly cut out, discharged from the corresponding outlet 13Z to the conveyor 18, and sent to the solidification device 9. Furthermore, at the time of cutting, three cutting screws 14-
It is also possible to perform optimum quantitative cutout by operating 1 to 14-3 alone or in conjunction with each other or electrically controlling the rotation speed.

Next, the quantitative cutting of the waste plastics of the second layer will be described.

Along with the control for intermittently repeating the forward rotation and the reverse rotation of the stirring devices 15A-5, 15A-6 and the stirring devices 15A-7, 15A-8, which are paired with each other, the cutting is performed in cooperation with this control. Control the screws 11-1 to 11-3,
In addition, by setting the laminated thickness of the second layer, that is, the distance between the stirring devices 15 in the upper row and the lower row to be 1500 mm or less, the second layer is abolished by the same action as the above-mentioned quantitative cutout without causing an arching phenomenon. Plastics can be cut out quantitatively.

The waste plastics quantitatively cut out from the storage tank 13A are discharged onto the conveyor 18 via the switching damper 17A for discharging, and are introduced into the plastic solidification device 9 by the conveyor 18. Waste plastics that have been compressed and solidified by the solidifying device 9 and have a reduced volume are carried out to the carry-out pit 10.

The stirring device 15 is not limited to the shape shown in the above embodiment, and the stirring blade 15b is formed in a dogleg shape.
The mounting position angle may be shifted by 45 ° in the same manner as in the above embodiment. Or instead of a plate-shaped blade,
A plurality of rods having a predetermined length orthogonal to the stirring shaft 15a are attached to the stirring shaft 1
It may be provided so as to project from 5a. Further, by providing a partial spiral screw blade S as shown in FIG. 6 between the stirring blades 15b at a predetermined portion of the stirring shaft 15a of the stirring device 15, the stirring effect of waste plastics is further improved. be able to. Also, the stirring devices 15A-1 to 15 in the upper row
Even if the A-4 and the stirrers 15A-5 to 15A-8 in the lower row are configured so that the axial directions thereof are orthogonal to each other, the same quantitative cutout effect as described above can be obtained. Furthermore, by providing a large number of stirring devices 15, it is possible to make a system capable of processing a large amount of waste plastics.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the method for solidifying waste plastics of the present invention, the quantitative cutting device quantitatively cuts the waste plastics from the storage tank in an amount according to the processing capacity of the solidifying device. Since it is sent out, the waste plastics can be efficiently treated and the workability is improved. Further, according to the apparatus for solidifying waste plastics of the present invention, a plurality of storage tanks for storing crushed waste plastics are provided, and further, a stirring device is provided in the storage tanks and the wastes stored in each storage tank are disposed. Since a dryer for drying plastics is provided, waste plastics can be temporarily stored until a specified amount is reached, and can be stored in each storage tank every other day, so one storage tank The waste plastics stored in (1) can be dried by a dryer, and the solidification process in the subsequent solidification device becomes easy. Furthermore, by driving the stirring device, it is possible to eliminate the arching phenomenon in which waste plastics remain in the upper part of the storage tank.
Since the waste plastics are quantitatively sent out from the storage tank in an amount according to the processing capacity of the solidifying device, the waste plastics can be efficiently processed and the workability is improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a view showing the structure of a waste plastic volume reduction and solidification apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIGS. 2 and 3 are front and side views of the storage tank in FIG. 1, and FIG. FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a stirring blade of the stirring device in FIGS. 2 and 3.
(1) to (4) are views showing the mounting position angle of the stirring blades mounted on the stirring shaft of the stirring device in FIGS. 2 and 3,
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a modified example of the stirring device, and FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the configuration of a conventional waste plastic volume reduction solidifying device. 7 ... Crusher, 9 ... Plastic solidification device, 11 ... Blower, 12 ... Feed pipe, 12a ... Switching damper, 13 ... Storage tank, 14 ... Cutting screw, 15 ... Stirrer, 1
5a ... stirring shaft, 15b ... stirring blade, 16 ... drying blower,
17 ... Switching damper, 18 ... Transport conveyor.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A crushed plastic waste that has been put into a storage tank is sent downward by the operation of an agitator provided inside the storage tank, and the sent-out waste is cut into a screw. A method for solidifying waste plastics, which comprises quantitatively cutting out and supplying it to a solidifying device at a subsequent stage to solidify. 2. A crushing device for crushing plastic waste in advance, a crushing device for further crushing crushed plastics, and a storage tank provided with a plurality of crushed waste plastics. A feeding device capable of feeding, a dryer for drying the waste plastics stored in each storage tank, a stirrer for stirring the waste plastics stored in each storage tank, and a stirring device. Solidification of waste plastics, characterized by comprising: a quantitative cut-out device that cuts out a certain amount of waste plastics to be discharged, and a solidification device that compresses and solidifies the waste plastics sent by the quantitative cut-out device. apparatus. 3. Waste plastics are alternately stored in each of the storage tanks at predetermined intervals, and the waste plastics stored in one of the storage tanks are dried by a dryer. The apparatus for solidifying waste plastics according to the second aspect. 4. The solidifying device for waste plastics according to claim 2, wherein the stirring device is provided with a plurality of stirring blades on a stirring shaft and is provided at a predetermined position in the storage tank.