JPH06231274A - Method and device for three-dimensional simulation - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To speedily provide the three-dimensional picture in the case of changing the two-dimensional picture in the three-dimensional simulation confirming the solid form by mapping the two-dimensional picture to the three-dimensional form data. CONSTITUTION:By mapping the two-dimensional picture representing the design of label on the three-dimensional form data such as bottle form and performing rendering, the position and color change on the projection surface of each point of the two-dimensional picture is obtained and stored in a storage device 3 as a corresponding table. In case of changing the two-dimensional picture, a CPU 4 obtains the position and color on the projection surface of each point of the two-dimensional picture after the change based on a conversion table and performs the three-dimensional simulation.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a system for simulating what a flat design such as a label looks like when it is attached to a three-dimensional object such as a bottle by using a computer graphics technique. More specifically, the present invention relates to a simulation system that can easily and quickly obtain a changed simulation image based on past simulation data when changing or modifying the design.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a computer graphics technique has been used to simulate a finished image without actually making a product. For example,
In designing labels for bottles, etc., it is necessary to determine the flat label design and then grasp the image when the label is attached to the bottle, so the label design created in two dimensions is defined in advance. A three-dimensional computer that obtains a three-dimensional image by performing so-called mapping that is pasted on the three-dimensional shape that has been stored, projecting the mapped three-dimensional shape data on a projection surface such as a display, and performing so-called rendering that performs coloring and shading.・ Various graphics systems have been developed.

A conventional simulation method will be described with reference to FIG. First, the two-dimensional image T is mapped on the surface of the three-dimensional shape data S. This is a three-dimensional shape S
Is expressed by a mathematical expression such as Bezier, B-spline, NURBS, etc., and coordinate conversion is performed so that the point X of the two-dimensional image T corresponds to the point X on the three-dimensional shape S according to the mathematical expression.

In this example, the three-dimensional shape S can be expressed by the central angle of (s, t) and the distance from the center, but the point X of the two-dimensional image T is actually the point X on the three-dimensional shape S. In order to perform coordinate conversion from X to X corresponding to
If it consists of (ixel) × n (pixel),
Calculation can be performed by equally dividing the central angle s into m and t into n. After mapping the two-dimensional image to the three-dimensional shape as described above, the light from the light source to the object and entering the eyes is obtained by a method such as ray tracing.
It is possible to determine at what position on the display and in what color the point x on the two-dimensional image T is displayed, and three-dimensional shape data can be displayed on the display.

[0005]

However, since these computer graphics simulation systems have to perform complicated calculations on image data, the amount of calculations becomes enormous and processing time and labor are required. To do. Therefore, when an image in which the two-dimensional image is modified or changed and mapped to the same three-dimensional shape data is obtained again, the calculation of mapping the two-dimensional image onto the three-dimensional object, the illumination light, and the observer's viewpoint are performed again. Since it is necessary to calculate the projection of the 3D shape data on the projection surface in consideration of the above, a large amount of calculation time is required, and human thinking is interrupted each time, which makes it difficult to make design decisions. There was a problem.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and its purpose is to obtain a three-dimensional image promptly when a two-dimensional image is modified or changed. To provide a simulation system.

[0007]

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and the invention according to claim 1 projects a two-dimensional image onto three-dimensional object data and projects it onto a projection surface. By doing so, a three-dimensional simulation is performed, and the position correspondence data that indicates which position on the projection plane each point of the two-dimensional image corresponds to and the color of each point of the two-dimensional image on the projection plane. The color change data indicating whether it is represented is obtained in advance, and the position and color on the projection surface of each point of the input two-dimensional image is obtained based on the position correspondence data and the color change data to generate a stereoscopic image. It is a three-dimensional simulation method characterized by the above.

The invention according to claim 2 is a three-dimensional simulation apparatus for mapping a two-dimensional image onto three-dimensional object data and projecting the mapped three-dimensional data onto a projection surface to generate a three-dimensional image. Then, the position correspondence data indicating which position on the projection plane each point of the two-dimensional image corresponds to, and what color the color of each point on the two-dimensional image represents on the projection plane. The correspondence table storing the color change data shown, and the position and color on the projection plane of each point of the two-dimensional image are calculated based on the position correspondence data and the color change data with respect to the input two-dimensional image. It is a three-dimensional simulation apparatus characterized by comprising an image generating means for generating.

[0009]

According to the three-dimensional simulation method and apparatus of the present invention, when a two-dimensional image representing a label design or the like is mapped on three-dimensional shape data such as a bottle shape, each point of the two-dimensional image is projected onto the projection plane. A correspondence table is created in advance by obtaining position correspondence data indicating which position above corresponds to and color change data indicating what color each color of the two-dimensional image is represented on the projection plane. Keep it. When the two-dimensional image is modified or changed and a new two-dimensional image is created, the position on the projection plane of each point of the changed or modified two-dimensional image is referred to by referring to the position correspondence data of the conversion table. Then, the color change data is used to determine what color each point of the two-dimensional image changes. A stereoscopic image is generated based on the position and color data thus obtained.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a three-dimensional simulation system according to this embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the three-dimensional simulation system of the present embodiment is roughly configured by an input device 1, a display 2, a storage device 3, a CPU 4, and an output device 5 such as a hard copy machine.

The input device 1 is for inputting a two-dimensional image and shape data of a three-dimensional object used for simulation. The former is an image input device such as a flat bed scanner, and the latter is a three-dimensional CAD system. An input device for three-dimensional shape data.

The display 2 displays a two-dimensional image such as a label and an image obtained by mapping the two-dimensional image into three-dimensional shape data. Storage device 3
Stores the input two-dimensional image, three-dimensional shape data and the like, and also stores the data after simulation. Further, the storage device 3 stores the correspondence data of the position and color of each pixel of the two-dimensional image and the three-dimensional data based on the simulation result.

The CPU 4 obtains a three-dimensional simulation image by mapping a two-dimensional image into three-dimensional shape data by a texture mapping method or the like and a ray tracing method or the like. Then, based on this simulation data, position correspondence data indicating which position on the projection plane each pixel of the two-dimensional image corresponds to, and the color of each pixel of the two-dimensional image are mapped to the three-dimensional shape data, This is to extract color change data in which the color changed when projected onto the projection surface. Further, when the two-dimensional image is corrected / changed, the correction / change simulation is performed based on the obtained position and color change data.

The output means 5 outputs the simulation image obtained as described above as a color hard copy.

The operation of the simulation apparatus of the present embodiment configured as above will be described with reference to the flow chart shown in FIG. First, a two-dimensional image is created (step SP1). This is performed by inputting image data created by another system using the input device 1, or
It may be interactively created in the system by ordinary two-dimensional computer graphics. Next, the presence or absence of the target table is determined based on the past simulation results (step SP2), and if the target table has been created in the past, the process proceeds to step SP4. If the correspondence table has not been created in the past and this is the first simulation, the correspondence table is created (step SP3).

The correspondence table will be described. First, as shown in FIG. 3, x and y coordinates are given to a two-dimensional image created by a two-dimensional image creation program or input from a scanner or the like in pixel units. Then, a single dummy color (R _d , R _d ,
G _d , B _d ) is given (for example, (R, G, B) =
(127, 127, 127)) This data is mapped to three-dimensional shape data and rendered.

As a result, when mapping the coordinates
(X₁, Y₁), The pixel of the two-dimensional image is 3
Which coordinate position (x₂, Y₂) To Mappi
I will ask you for a response. In addition, the render
Each pixel of the 3D image is
Which coordinate position (x₃, Y₃).
I keep it. From the above data, from 2D image to projection plane
Position of each pixel of (x ₁, Y₁) → (x₃,
y₃) Corresponding position data to all pixels of the two-dimensional image
Extract minutes.

Similarly, what color (R _a , G) the dummy colors (R _d , G _d , B _d ) given to the two-dimensional image by rendering are shaded after rendering.
Color change data indicating whether the color has changed to _a , B _a ) is also obtained. A correspondence table as shown in FIG. 6 is created based on the above-described two position correspondence data and color change data. In this example, each coordinate (x ₃ , y ₃ ) of the projection plane indicates which coordinate (x ₁ , y ₁ ) of the two-dimensional image is projected in the upper part of each column, and the two-dimensional Dummy color (12
7, 127, 127), each coordinate (x
₃ and y ₃ ) show what kind of color they represent.

It is not always necessary to use a single dummy color when creating the correspondence table, and if it is possible to know how the color of each pixel changes, then apply different color data to each pixel. Alternatively, the position correspondence data and the color change data may be stored in separate tables.

After the correspondence table is created, if the two-dimensional image is modified or changed thereafter, the three-dimensional shape simulation is performed based on this correspondence table (step SP4).

A three-dimensional simulation based on this correspondence table will be described. For example, 3 in FIG.
To determine the color at the position of (x ₃ , y ₃ ) on the _three- dimensional shape data, the corresponding pixel (x ₁ , y ₁ ) on the two-dimensional image of (x ₃ , y ₃ ) is determined from the correspondence table. Ask. As a result, it can be seen that the pixel (x ₁ , y ₁ ) of the two-dimensional image is projected on the pixel (x ₃ , y ₃ ) on the _three- dimensional image. Also, from the correspondence table, dummy colors (R _d , G _d , B) are assigned to the pixels (x ₁ , y ₁ ) on the two-dimensional image.
_{When d} ) is given, the color change data (R _a , G _a , B _a ) indicating how many colors the three-dimensional shape data will have can be obtained from the correspondence table. As a result, the dummy color (R _d , G _d , B _d ) on the two-dimensional image changes to (R _a , G _a , B _a ) at the pixel (x ₃ , y ₃ ) on the three-dimensional image. since it can be seen, (x _3, y ₃₎ of the mapped in the color _{(R 3, G 3, B} 3) from their corresponding data,

[0022] _{R 3 = R 2 + (R} d -R a) ── ( however, R ₃ = 255 if R ₃ <0 if _{R 3 = 0, R 3>} 255)

[0023] _{G 3 = G 2 + (G} d -G a) ── ( However, G ₃ = 255 if G ₃ <0 if _{G 3 = 0, G 3>} 255)

B₃= B₂+ (B_d-B_a) ── (However, B₃<0 if B₃= 0, B₃> 255
 B₃= 255). In this way, the render
Color after ringing (R₃, G ₃, B₃) Can be asked
It

By performing the above calculation on all the pixels to be mapped, it is possible to obtain the mapped three-dimensional shape data of the two-dimensional image. Further, when the two-dimensional image is modified or changed, that is, the color data (R ₂ , G ₂ , B ₂ ) of the pixel of the two-dimensional image is (R ₂ ',
G ₂ ', B ₂ '), it is possible to easily obtain the color data after rendering by changing the expression of ~.

As for the three-dimensional shape data to which the two-dimensional image is not mapped, that is, the three-dimensional shape data of the portion where the label of the bottle is not attached, there is no change even if the two-dimensional image is corrected or changed. The simulation data created by the first rendering may be stored and may be combined with the image of the portion that changes due to the changing / changing changes.

By performing the above processing, the data after the three-dimensional simulation can be easily obtained without performing complicated mapping and rendering calculation. The three-dimensional image created in this way is displayed on the display 2 and confirmed by the operator (step SP5). If there is no problem, detailed rendering is performed as needed (step SP6). This is a rendering in which shadows, types of illumination light, and the like are added by a normal ray tracing method, and an accurate simulation that cannot be performed only by the above-described method is performed. At the design decision stage, a rough simulation is performed by the processing in steps 1 to 5 that can be performed in a short time to decide the design, and then the final confirmation of the design details is performed by a method such as ray tracing in step 6. Good.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, when the mapping and rendering of the two-dimensional image to the three-dimensional shape data are performed, the position of each pixel of the two-dimensional image corresponds to which pixel on the projection surface. This is the case when the two-dimensional image is modified or changed by previously obtaining the data and the color correspondence data indicating what kind of color the color specified for each pixel of the two-dimensional image will be when rendered. However, it is possible to easily obtain a three-dimensional simulation image without performing complicated mapping and rendering calculation. That is, since the three-dimensional simulation can be performed only by reading the position correspondence data from the correspondence table and performing the color calculation based on the formulas (1) to (3), the load on the hardware is reduced and the calculation time can be greatly shortened. it can.

The system of the present embodiment has a function of performing mapping and rendering processing by a general computer graphics technique. By performing these processing, position correspondence data and color change data are extracted and a correspondence table is created. Although it has a function to create and a three-dimensional simulation processing function using this correspondence table,
These may be performed by individual devices.

For example, the mapping and rendering processing and the creation of the correspondence table are carried out by an ordinary computer graphics creation system, and the three-dimensional image created here and the respective data of the correspondence table are held in a personal computer or the like to make correspondence. You may make it perform the three-dimensional simulation using a table. By doing so, the three-dimensional simulation according to the present invention can be performed by an inexpensive personal computer of a customer or the like without occupying an expensive computer graphics system for a long time.

Even in this case, correction using the correspondence table
The change can be done by a very simple calculation compared with the calculation such as texture mapping and ray tracing by a normal computer graphics system.
It is possible to perform sufficiently practical processing even with the processing capacity of a personal computer.

[0032]

As described above, according to the present invention, once the simulation is performed, the correction / correction of the two-dimensional image is performed.
Even if there is a change, there is an effect that a three-dimensional simulation can be performed quickly.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment of a three-dimensional simulation apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flow chart for explaining the operation in the same embodiment.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a two-dimensional image.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of three-dimensional shape data.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of conventional mapping and rendering.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a correspondence table.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Input device, 2 ... Display, 3 ... Storage device, 4 ...
CPU, 5 ... Output device

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A three-dimensional simulation is performed by mapping a two-dimensional image onto three-dimensional object data and projecting it onto a projection surface to determine which position on the projection surface each point of the two-dimensional image corresponds to. The position corresponding data and the color change data indicating how the color of each point of the two-dimensional image is represented on the projection surface are obtained, and are input based on the position corresponding data and the color change data. A three-dimensional simulation method characterized by obtaining the position and color of each point of the two-dimensional image on the projection surface and generating a three-dimensional image. 2. A three-dimensional simulation apparatus for generating a three-dimensional image by mapping a two-dimensional image onto three-dimensional object data and projecting the mapped three-dimensional data onto a projection surface. Correspondence storing the position correspondence data indicating which position each point corresponds to on the projection surface and the color change data indicating what color each color of the two-dimensional image represents on the projection surface. A table and image generation means for generating a stereoscopic image by calculating the position and color of each point of the two-dimensional image on the projection surface based on the position correspondence data and the color change data for the input two-dimensional image. A three-dimensional simulation device characterized by the above.