JPH06228983A - Device for attaching/detaching attachment to/from working arm - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To facilitate the exchange work of a bucket for a loader. CONSTITUTION:A bracket 20 for an attachment is borne to a pivotally bearing section 19 at the front end of a lift arm 11 in a freely swingable manner. The hook 26 of a bucket 24 is bone to the bearing pin 35 of the bracket 20 while a connecting pin 41 is inserted into these bracket 20 and bucket 24. An engaging section 44 is mounted to the lift arm 11 at a position nearer the base end side than the pivotally bearing section 19, and the engaging section 44 and the connecting pin 41 are connected by a wire 45. When the bucket 24 is changed over to a scooping state, the space between the connecting pin 41 and the engaging section 44 is reduced and the wire 45 is loosened, and the connecting pin 41 is engaged with the bucket 24 by a spring. When the bucket 24 is changed over to a dumping state, the space between the connecting pin 41 and the engaging section 44 is increased and the wire 45 is pulled, and the connecting pin 41 is drawn out from the bucket 24.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a work machine such as a loader, backhoe and lift provided on a work vehicle such as a tractor or an earthmoving vehicle. More specifically, it has a bucket at the tip of a work arm of the work machine. The present invention relates to a device for attaching and detaching a tip attachment such as.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there is a detaching device of this type which is constructed as follows. A tip attachment bracket is supported on the tip of the lift arm of the front loader, and the bracket is vertically swung by the tip attachment cylinder. A support pin and a support hole are provided on the bracket in the vertical direction, and a downward hook and a supported hole are provided on the base of the bucket in the vertical direction. The hook of the bucket is swingably supported from below by a support pin of the bracket, and the connecting pin is inserted into the supported hole of the bucket and the support hole of the bracket.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In the above conventional structure,
The bucket is replaced in the following procedure. When removing a bucket in use, an operator of a work vehicle such as a tractor first switches the bucket to a scooping state by operating the driver's seat. Then, get out of the driver's seat and pull out the connecting pin from the bucket. After that, returning to the driver's seat, the operation at the driver's seat grounds the bucket and disengages the support pin of the bracket from the hook of the bucket.

Then, by operating the driver's seat, the support pin of the bracket is engaged with the hook of the new bucket from below, and the new bucket is switched to the scooping state. Then, get out of the driver's seat and insert the connecting pin across the bucket and the bracket. In this way, when exchanging the bucket, it is necessary to get out of the driver's seat and remove and insert the connecting pin twice, so that the exchanging work is troublesome. An object of the present invention is to facilitate the work of exchanging a tip end attachment such as a bucket.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention comprises a device for attaching and detaching a working arm and an attachment as follows, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, for example. .

A pivotal support portion 19 is provided near the tip end of the work arm 11 of the working machine 7, and the base portion of a bracket 20 for tip attachment is swingably supported by the pivotal support portion 19 and the bracket 20 and the above-mentioned work portion. A tip attachment cylinder 23 for connecting with the arm 11 is provided, and the tip attachment 24 is provided at a portion of the bracket 20 near the swing tip.
A supporting portion 35 for swingably supporting the supported portion 26 is provided, and a supporting hole 37 facing the supported hole 27 of the tip attachment 24 is provided in the swinging middle portion of the bracket 20. A connecting pin 41 that is inserted over both holes 27 and 37 is provided, and the connecting pin 41 is
A lock position X that fits into the supported hole 27 of the tip attachment 24 and a lock release position Y that releases the fit.
A spring 48 for elastically supporting the connecting pin 41 from the lock release position Y to the lock position X is provided in the support hole 37 in a state of being freely switchable to and. At the position, the engaging portion 4 is attached to the working arm 11 described above.
4 is provided, and a transmission tool 45 that connects the locking portion 44 and the connection pin 41 in a discontinuous manner is provided.

[0007]

According to the present invention, the replacement of the tip attachment 24 is performed by the following procedure, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, for example. When the working machine 7 is used, the connection state between the locking portion 44 and the connecting pin 41 by the transmission tool 45 is released. In this state, the connecting pin 41 is switched to the lock position X by the spring 48, and the tip end attachment 24 is supported by the bracket 20 at the two positions of the connecting pin 41 and the supporting portion 35.

The attachment 24 is attached to the bracket 20.
At the time of removing from the bracket 2, when the tip attachment cylinder 23 is contracted as shown in FIG.
0 swings clockwise around the pivot portion 19 to support holes 37.
Is closer to the locking portion 44, the distance between the both 37 and 44 in the front-rear direction is reduced. In this state, the transmission pin 45 connects the connecting pin 41 to the locking portion 44.

Next, as shown in FIG. 1 (b), when the cylinder 23 is extended, the bracket 20 swings counterclockwise about the pivot portion 19 so that the support hole 37 extends from the engaging portion 44. Since they are moved away from each other, the distance between the both 37 and 44 in the front-rear direction increases. As a result, the connecting pin 41 is connected to the transmission 4
It is pulled to the locking portion 44 side by 5 and is switched to the lock release position Y (two-dot chain line diagram in FIG. 3). Then, as shown in FIG. 1C, the attachment 24 swings around the support portion 35 as indicated by an arrow due to its weight W. After that, the work arm 11 and the attachment cylinder 23 are operated to ground the attachment 24, and the support portion 35 of the bracket 20 is pulled out from the supported portion 26 of the attachment 24.

Subsequently, the working arm 11, the cylinder 23 and the like are operated to lift a new tip attachment 24 as shown in FIG. 1 (c). When the cylinder 23 is contracted in this state, the bracket 20 swings clockwise around the pivot portion 19, and the support hole 37 of the bracket 20 approaches the locking portion 44. Then, the supported hole 2 of the attachment 24
When 7 reaches the position of the connecting pin 41 of the bracket 20, as shown by the solid line diagram in FIG.
The spring 1 automatically advances into the supported hole 27 by the spring 48 and switches to the lock position X. As a result, the attachment 24 is connected to the connection pin 41 and the support pin 3 described above.
It is supported by the bracket 20 at two points of 5 and. Finally,
The connection between the locking portion 44 and the connecting pin 41 by the transmission 45 is released.

[0011]

The present invention has the following effects because it is configured and operates as described above. According to the present invention, the connecting pin can be automatically inserted / removed with respect to the tip attachment by the expansion / contraction operation of the tip attachment cylinder.
This eliminates the need for the operator of the work vehicle to get out of the driver's seat and remove and insert the connecting pin, which facilitates replacement work of the attachment. Further, since the insertion force of the connecting pin can be set to a large value by increasing the elastic force of the spring, a misalignment occurs between the support hole and the supported hole and foreign matter such as mud is generated in the supported hole. Even if it is clogged, the connecting pin can be strongly inserted into the supported hole. Moreover, as compared with the case where the connecting pin is inserted and removed by an actuator such as a hydraulic cylinder, the present invention can omit the actuator and its associated circuit, and thus can provide a simple device and an inexpensive device.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. First, the overall configuration of the work vehicle will be described with reference to FIG. The tractor 1, which is a work vehicle, has a body 2
Is supported by front and rear wheels 3 and 4. Reference numeral 5 is a driver's seat. A base frame 8 of a front loader 7, which is a working machine, is detachably attached to the front portion of the vehicle body 2.

The front loader 7 is constructed as follows. The base ends of a pair of left and right lift arms 11 (only the left side is shown) that are working arms are supported by the base frame 8 so as to be vertically swingable. A lift cylinder 12 is provided between the lower part of each of the lift arms 11 and the lower part of the base frame 8, and a swing arm 13 provided at an upper part of the lift arm 11 and an upper part of the same base frame 8 are provided. An interlocking cylinder 14 is provided between them. The portions of the left and right lift arms 11, 11 near the tips are fixed by the first and second beams 16 and 17 extending in the left-right direction. The second beam 17 has a stand device 18 for keeping the loader 7 in an independent state when the loader 7 is removed from the vehicle body 2.
Is provided.

A pivot support portion 19 is provided near the tip of the lift arm 11, and a base portion of a tip attachment bracket 20 is supported on the pivot support portion 19 so as to be vertically swingable. Reference numeral 21 is a crank, reference numeral 22 is an operation link, and the upper end of the operation link 22 and the swing arm 13 are
A tip attachment cylinder 23 is provided between and. A bucket 24, which is a tip attachment, is detachably attached to the bracket 20.

The structure for attaching and detaching the bucket 24 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1, 3 and 4. In FIG. 1, (a) is a scooping state of the bucket 24, (b) is a dumping state, and (c) is an unlocked state. Figure 3
3 is a sectional view taken along the line III-III of FIG. 1A, and FIG.
FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV.

Downward hooks 26, which are supported portions, are fixed to the left and right of the upper portion of the bucket 24, and
Same as above, the supported holes 27 are penetratingly formed on the left and right of the lower part of the bucket 24 (only one side is shown). In the attachment bracket 20, a pair of left and right side frames 30 (only one side is shown) are fixed by a rectangular beam 31. Each side frame 30 has an inner plate 32 and an outer plate 33 fixed by a support pin 35 and a support cylinder 36. The support pin 35 supports the hook 26 of the bucket 24 so as to be vertically swingable. Further, the support hole 37 of the support cylinder 36 and the supported hole 27 of the bucket 24 can face each other. In addition,
Reference numeral 38 is an attachment housing groove.

A connecting pin 41 is movably inserted in the left-right direction across the supported hole 27 and the supporting hole 37. The connecting pin 41 projects to the outside in the left-right direction and is fitted into the supported hole 27 of the bucket 24 at the lock position X.
(See the solid line diagram in FIG. 3) and the lock release position Y (see the chain double-dashed line diagram in the figure) that retracts inward in the left-right direction to release the above fitting, Support hole 37 above
Supported by. Reference numeral 42 is a guide plate.

An engaging portion 44 is provided on the first beam 16 of the lift arm 11. The locking portion 44 and the connecting pin 41 are connected by a transmission wire 45. That is, one end of each wire 45 is fixed to the inner end of each connecting pin 41. The other ends of the two wires 45, 45 are bundled by a connection hook 46, and the connection hook 46
Is connected to the locking portion 44 so as to be freely disengaged. Also,
Spring receiver 4 for the guide plate 42 and the connecting pin 41
7 and the connecting pin 41 to the lock release position Y.
A spring 48 that elastically presses from the above to the lock position X is provided. Furthermore, since the rectangular beam 31 guides the middle portion of the wire 45 in the longitudinal direction in the left-right direction,
A U-shaped guide tool 49 is provided in a side view.

The above-mentioned attaching / detaching device mainly operates as follows, as shown in FIG. When the front loader 7 is used, from the locking portion 44 of the lift arm 11 to the connection hook 4
Remove 6 In this state, the connecting pin 41 has been switched to the lock position X by the spring 48, and the bucket 24 has the connecting pin 41 and the support pin 35.
Are supported by the bracket 20 at two places.

When the bucket 24 is detached from the bracket 20, the tip attachment cylinder 23 is contracted and the bucket 24 is scooped in, as shown in FIG. 1 (a). Then, the bracket 20 swings clockwise around the pivot portion 19 and the support hole 37 approaches the locking portion 44.
The space between these 37 and 44 in the front-rear direction becomes smaller. In this state, the connection hook 46 is connected to the locking portion 44.

Next, as shown in FIG. 1B, the cylinder 23 is extended to dump the bucket 24. Then, the bracket 20 swings counterclockwise around the pivot portion 19 and the support hole 37 moves away from the locking portion 44, so that the distance between the both 37 and 44 in the front-rear direction increases.
As a result, the connecting pin 41 is pulled inward by the wire 45 and switched to the unlocked position Y, as shown by the two-dot chain line in FIG. Then, as shown in FIG. 1C, the bucket 24 is supported by the weight W of the support pin 35.
Swing about as shown by the arrow. After that, the lift arm 11 and the tip attachment cylinder 23 are operated to ground the bucket 24 and pull out the support pin 35 of the bracket 20 from the hook 26 of the bucket 24 downward.

When a new tip attachment is attached to the bracket 20, the procedure is reversed from the above procedure. This will be described using the illustrated bucket 24. First, the lift arm 11 and the tip attachment cylinder 23 are operated to engage the support pin 35 of the bracket 20 with the hook 26 of the bucket 24 in the grounded state from the lower side. Then, the bucket 24 is lifted as shown in FIG. In this state, the attachment cylinder 23
When is retracted, the bracket 20 swings clockwise around the pivot portion 19, so that the support hole 37 of the bracket 20 approaches the locking portion 44 and the wire 45 loosens.

Then, the supported hole 27 of the bucket 24 is provided.
Is approaching the position of the connecting pin 41 of the bracket 20, as shown by the solid line diagram in FIG.
The spring 48 automatically advances into the supported hole 27 and switches to the lock position X. As a result, the bucket 24 is provided with the connecting pin 41 and the supporting pin 35.
It is supported by the bracket 20 at some point. Finally, the connection hook 46 is removed from the locking portion 44 of the lift arm 11.

The above embodiment has the following advantages. Since the connecting pin 41 can be automatically inserted / removed in / from the bucket 24 by the expansion / contraction operation of the attachment cylinder 23, the operator of the tractor 1 does not have to go down from the driver's seat 5 to insert / remove the connecting pin 41. The replacement work of 24 becomes easy. Since the insertion force of the connecting pin 41 can be set to a large value by increasing the elastic force of the spring 48, a misalignment occurs between the support hole 37 and the supported hole 27 and mud or the like is generated in the supported hole 27. Even when foreign matter is clogged, the connecting pin 41 can be strongly inserted into the supported hole 27.

Since the support pin 35 of the bracket 20 can be engaged and disengaged from the lower side with respect to the hook 26 of the bucket 24, the engagement and disengagement operation is also easy. 2 transmission wires 4
Since the connection and disconnection operations of 5 can be performed by one connection hook 46, the operation does not take time. Since the guide wire 49 can guide the transmission wire 45 in the axial direction of the connecting pin 41, the connecting pin 41 can be operated smoothly.

The above embodiment can be modified as follows. Instead of attaching / detaching the locking portion 44 of the lift arm 11 and the wire 45, the connecting pin 41 and the wire 45 may be attached / detached, and the middle portion of the wire 45 may be interrupted. Good. The transmission tool may be a chain or the like instead of the wire 45. Bucket 24
The supported portion may be formed of a through hole instead of the hook 26. In this case, it can be considered that the support pin 35 of the bracket 20 is operated by a push-pull type transmission with respect to the supported portion made of the through hole.

The connecting pin 41 may be configured to move forward and backward or up and down instead of moving forward and backward in the vehicle width direction. Further, the connecting pin 41 is not limited to two, and may be one or three or more. The work machine may be a backhoe or a lift instead of the loader.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an operation explanatory view of a bucket attached to a front loader of a tractor, in which (a) is a rake state, (b) is a dump state, and (c) is an unlocked state.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the tractor.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line III-III of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line IV-IV of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

7 ... Working machine (front loader), 11 ... Working arm (lift arm), 19 ... Pivot part, 20 ... Bracket, 23
... tip attachment cylinder, 24 ... tip attachment (bucket), 26 ... supported part (hook), 27 ... supported hole, 35 ... support part (support pin), 37 ... support hole, 41
... Connecting pin, 44 ... Locking part, 45 ... Transmission tool (wire), 4
8 ... Spring, 49 ... Guide tool, X ... Lock position, Y ... Lock release position.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A work support arm (11) of a working machine (7) is provided with a pivot support (19) near the tip thereof, and the base of a tip attachment bracket (20) is swingable on the pivot support (19). Supported by the bracket (20) and the working arm described above.
Cylinder for tip attachment (2) that connects with (11)
3) is provided, and a support portion (35) for swingably supporting the supported portion (26) of the tip attachment (24) is provided near the swing tip of the bracket (20). ) Is provided with a supporting hole (37) facing the supported hole (27) of the tip attachment (24) in the middle of swinging, and the connecting pin (37) inserted across both holes (27) (37). 41) is a device for attaching and detaching a working arm and an attachment, wherein the connecting pin (41) is attached to the tip attachment.
(24) is supported in the above-mentioned supporting hole (37) in a freely switchable state between a lock position (X) for fitting in the supported hole (27) and a lock releasing position (Y) for releasing the fitting, The connecting pin (4
1) From the unlocked position (Y) to the locked position (X)
A spring (48) for elastically pressing is provided, and a locking portion is provided on the working arm (11) at a position closer to the base end side than the pivotal support portion (19).
(44) is provided, and the engaging portion (44) and the connecting pin (4)
A work arm / attachment attachment / detachment device characterized in that a transmission tool (45) for intermittently connecting with (1) is provided. 2. The attachment / detachment device for a working arm and an attachment according to claim 1, wherein the connecting pin (4)
Lock position where 1) is provided at two positions on the left and right of the bracket (20) and each connecting pin (41) is projected outward in the left-right direction.
(X) and the lock release position (Y) that retracts inward can be switched. 3. The attachment / detachment device for a working arm and an attachment according to claim 2, wherein the transmission tool (45) is provided.
Tool that guides the middle part of the longitudinal direction of the
(49) provided on the bracket (20).