JPH0622890U - Dryer for paddy rice without cracks - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [Purpose] The present invention aims to provide a drying apparatus for paddy rice that does not cause barrel cracks during drying. A hopper-shaped inner cylinder 8 is arranged in the casing 1, the upper end of the inner cylinder 8 is connected to the casing 1, and a hollow body 7 is arranged in the inner cylinder 8. Rice paddy passage 9 between
And the ventilation holes 10 and 11 are formed in the walls of the hollow body 7 and the inner cylinder 8 in the passage 9, and inside the hollow body 7, the high temperature and the medium temperature are sequentially arranged from above the ventilation holes 10 and 11. The far-infrared radiation pipe 12a is arranged so as to have a low temperature, and the exhaust fan 23 is arranged in the casing 1 to suck the hot air inside the hollow body 7. .

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

[Industrial applications]

 The present invention relates to an apparatus for obtaining unhulled rice that has a moisture loss rate of 1.0% / hour to 2.0% / hour when drying unhulled rice. The unhulled rice referred to in the present invention means a state in which unpolished rice is wrapped with sprouts (commonly called unhulled rice).

[0002]

[Prior art]

 As is well known, a dryer that uses the heat of combustion of light oil (kerosene) as a heat source is generally used to dry raw rice, and this drying always reduces the moisture loss rate of 1.0% / hour or less ( It should be limited to 0.8 to 1.0% / hour). The main reason for this is that if the moisture loss rate exceeds the above range, the heating temperature can be expected to improve efficiently, but the heating temperature will efficiently conduct from the surface of the paddy rice (rice husk) to the center of the inner brown rice. Since there is almost no moisture, moisture evaporating from the surface precedes the movement of moisture from the inside, and the balance between the surface temperature and the internal temperature cannot be obtained. In addition to not being able to obtain good yields, the moisture content of the applied paddy rice is usually around 25%, so in order to dry it to the dry standard of 15.0% and 15.5% (north of Hokuriku) Is because it requires a long time of at least 10 to 10.5 hours. Therefore, how to improve the method of drying paddy rice has become an urgent issue. However, after that, a dryer using a far-infrared heating element as a heat source was developed and is known as an improved version of the vertical type multi-disc dryer that was conventionally known as a dryer for powder and granular material in a wet state. (See JP-A-60-101477). However, in this dryer, a vertical cylinder-shaped or polygonal casing is installed with disks having drop ports in multiple stages, and the far-infrared heating elements are radiated downward at appropriate intervals on the disk. Since it is constructed by horizontally laying horizontally, a rotating shaft is vertically supported at the center of the casing, and a scraper that is in sliding contact with the upper surface of the disk is fixed to the rotating shaft in a radial manner. Even if the granules fed from the supply port can be dried, if the granules are the paddy rice that is the object of the present invention, the paddy rice will drop one after another on the disks laid in multiple stages. Since it is exposed to the radiant heat of far infrared rays radiated from the radiating pipes of the same structure that are laid horizontally for each stage and repeats the mixing, it is unavoidable that the paddy rice after drying becomes overdried. For this reason, waste rice (brown rice) is likely to occur frequently during threshing, and good-quality brown rice is retained. Ri can not be obtained well. This is obvious from the results of various experiments conducted by the present inventors, and in order to solve the above point, there is no cracking of the hull while taking care not to overdry the paddy rice. It requires drying in the range.

[0003]

[Problems to be solved by the device]

 As described above, in a dryer that uses the heat of burning oil as a heat source, the drying rate of water must be 1.0% / hour or less because the surface of paddy rice is overdried, that is, the time required for drying. It takes a long time, and has the drawback of increasing fuel consumption. Further, in the drying method using far infrared rays described in JP-A-60-101477 and Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 56-49487, the unevenness of drying occurs due to the method of irradiating from the top of the paddy rice, resulting in overdrying of the surface layer. There is. In consideration of these circumstances, the present invention was developed with the aim of providing a drying device for paddy rice in which a constant heat is uniformly applied to the paddy rice and moisture is quickly diffused so that cracks in the barrel do not occur. is there.

[0004]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

 The present invention has taken the following means in order to solve the above problems and achieve the object.

(1) By using hot air and far infrared rays together, the core portion and the outer surface portion of the paddy rice were dried at the same moisture loss rate.

(2) The wind flow in the dryer is upwind and leeward, and the moisture drying rate of the paddy rice located on the leeward and the leeward of the air flow passage is naturally different. Emphasizing the fact that uniform drying is difficult, the far infrared irradiation heat quantity for the windward and leeward of the air flow passage is gradually increased from the windward side to the leeward side, and is differentiated from strong to medium to small.

(3) As for the structure of the device, a hopper-shaped inner cylinder with a bottom is disposed in the casing, the upper opening end of the inner cylinder is connected to the inner wall of the casing, and the central portion of the inner cylinder is arranged. The upper part of the hollow body has a high hollow body, and a paddy rice passage is formed vertically between the outer peripheral surface of the hollow body and the side wall of the inner cylinder. A through hole, a reflection plate is erected in the hollow body with the reflection surface facing the ventilation hole, and a far infrared radiation tube group is erected in a sectioned manner between the reflection plate and the air hole. The far-infrared heat radiation tube group is arranged in the ceiling part of the casing by arranging the heat radiation tubes in order from the upstream side to the downstream side of the ventilation passage in order of high temperature heat radiation, medium temperature heat radiation, and low temperature heat radiation. Is equipped with a screw conveyor for charging, a temperature sensor of a temperature controller is installed in the paddy rice passage, and an exhaust fan is installed in the casing. The wind tunnel having a down provided airflow communication with shape of said hollow body.

[0008]

[Action]

 The present invention configured as described above has the following operation.

Far-infrared rays are radiated to the paddy-rice that passes through the paddy-rice passage, and the air current strikes the paddy-rice, and the far-infrared rays generate heat from the core portion of the paddy-rice, causing internal heat to diffuse and moisture to migrate to the surface. Since the water in the rice is dried by the air flow, the water in the core and the surface of the paddy rice is dried almost simultaneously.

Next, since the airflow is generated by being sucked into the exhaust fan from the outside, cold outside air enters from the windward, and the leeward is heated by far infrared rays and is warm, so that the airflow entering the paddy rice passage from the upwind and the leeward. The temperature of the incoming airflow is different. Therefore, if the irradiation amount of far-infrared rays located on the windward side of the paddy rice passage is increased and then gradually decreased as it goes downwind, the heating amount for the paddy rice can be adjusted to be substantially the same, and uneven drying will not occur. This far-infrared temperature control is performed by measuring the temperature of each compartment with several temperature sensors installed in the paddy rice passage. From this fact, since the paddy rice is dried quickly and uniformly, cracks in the barrel are unlikely to occur and the moisture loss rate can be efficiently dried from 1.0% to 2.0% / hour.

[0011]

【Example】

 An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The casing 1 of the drying device has a box shape of a flat square. Inside, a bottomed inner cylinder 8 having a flat rectangular shape and a substantially hopper shape is arranged. The bottomed inner cylinder 8 has an upper portion formed on a taper surface 8A, and an upper end portion of the taper surface 8A is the casing. 1 is connected to the inner wall surface. At the center of the bottomed inner cylinder 8, a flat rectangular rectangular hollow 7 is provided. Then, a housing portion R is formed above the inclined upper plate 7A of the hollow body 7 and the taper surface 8A, and a pit 8D is formed between the bottom surface of the hollow body 7 and the lower side wall 8C of the bottomed inner cylinder 8. ing. Further, a rice grain passage 9 is formed between the left and right side walls 7B of the hollow body 7 and the left and right side walls 8B of the bottomed inner cylinder 8 to communicate between the storage part R and the pit 8D. On the side wall 7B of the hollow body 7 and the side wall 8B of the bottomed inner cylinder, a large number of vent holes 10 ... Therefore, both side walls 7B and 8B can be replaced by wire mesh for the same purpose. A screw conveyor 24 is arranged at the bottom portion 8E of the bottomed inner cylinder 8 so that the paddy rice 5 can be discharged to the outside of the bottomed inner cylinder 8. In the central part of the upper part of the accommodation section R, a tray 3 is horizontally installed on the lower end of a support rod 6 which is suspended from the ceiling of the casing. Rotating blades 4 are rotatably arranged on the tray 3 by a rotating means (not shown). The screw conveyor 2 is arranged above the accommodation section R so that its discharge port is located above the tray 3, and the intake port of the screw conveyor 2 and the screw at the lower part are arranged. An elevator 25 is arranged between the outlets of the conveyor 24. Inside the hollow body 7, reflectors 18 ... Are arranged via bearings 19 with their reflecting surfaces parallel to the side walls 7B. Further, heat radiation tube groups 12a to 12c and 12a 'to 12c' for radiating far infrared rays are arranged between the reflection plates 18 ... And the side wall 7B. As shown in FIG. 4, the casing 1 is provided with an intake port 21 for communicating the outside air with the hollow body 7. Further, the casing 1 is provided with an exhaust port 22 communicating with the intake port 21 through the ventilation holes 10 ... 11 ... Of the both side walls 7B, 8B. Is continuously provided with a wind tunnel 23A having an exhaust fan 23. Therefore, as shown by the arrow in FIG. 4, a ventilation path is formed in the casing 1 from the intake port 21 to the exhaust port. The intake port 21 side is upwind and the exhaust port 22 side is downwind. Will be distributed.

From the above, when the exhaust fan 23 is operated, the cold outside air that has entered from the intake port 21 immediately enters the rice grain passage 9 and the case where the cold outside air enters the rice grain passage 9 after being heated by the heat radiating tube group 12a. When you enter This means that there is a partial difference in the heating amount for the paddy rice 5 ... Which passes through the paddy rice passage 9. The following measures were taken to eliminate this and measure the average heating. That is, the heat radiation pipes located on the windward side of the ventilation path are arranged to increase the heat radiation amount, and the heat radiation pipes located on the downwind side are arranged to reduce the heat radiation amount. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, a heat radiating pipe (cartridge) 13 has a heating rod (nichrome wire) 14 wound around a sintered rod 15 and covered with a heat resistant insulator M to cover a metal pipe 16 (surface). It is formed by applying far-infrared radiation paint on the surface. However, the number of turns of the nichrome wire 14 is densely, densely and roughly changed, and (D), (E), (F) Similarly, in the case type radiating pipe 13 ', the winding of the nichrome wire 14 ... Is changed from dense to coarse. As shown in FIG. 6, these sheet types 13 'are embedded in metal plates 17 and 17' to form a surface heating element. In this case, the number of windings of the nichrome wire may be changed in the heat radiating tubes 13 '... Embedded in the metal plate 17. Then, by setting the number of windings of the nichrome wire 14 ... In order from the left to the right in FIG. 4 and arranging the heat radiation pipe groups 12a to 12c and 12a 'to 12c', the intake port 21 The heat radiation amount is high in the heat radiation pipe group closer to the heat radiation pipe, and the heat radiation amount decreases as the heat radiation pipe group approaches the exhaust port 22. Therefore, the amount of heat applied to the paddy rice 5 that passes through the paddy rice passage 9 is small due to the wind flow in the portion where the far infrared ray has a large amount of heat, and the far infrared ray has a small amount of heat in the portion where the amount of heat due to the wind stream is large. Therefore, the total amount of heat is given to the paddy rice in a total manner. The control is based on the temperature measurement value of the temperature sensor 20 ... of a temperature controller (not shown) arranged in the paddy rice passage 9 in FIG. The temperature of the paddy rice is adjusted to 1.0% / hour to 2.0% / hour by adjusting the electric current to the paddy rice.

In this device, cold outside air is introduced into the hollow body 7 through the intake port 21, but since the air flow is fast, even if the air flow is heated by the heat radiating tube group, it does not become hot hot air. This is because when far-infrared rays are applied to the paddy rice, internal heat is generated and the internal heat diffuses to the outer surface. In that case, the lower the temperature of the outer layer of the paddy rice, the faster the internal heat diffuses to the outside. The purpose of this is to promote the rapid diffusion of internal heat and the diffusion of water due to it. Therefore, unevenness does not occur when the surface temperature of paddy rice is constant. Since the leeward wind is heated in the hollow body, it is preferable to reduce the irradiation amount of far-infrared rays to the paddy rice in the far-infrared radiation pipe located leeward as much as the leeway is heated.

In this apparatus configured as described above, when raw rice 5 is charged into the lower part of the elevator 25 through a charging port (not shown), the rice 5 raised by the elevator 25 is conveyed by the conveyor. It is lowered onto the tray 3 by 2 and is scattered by the rotary vanes 4 to the lower housing portion R. The unhulled rice 5 that has entered the container R accumulates in the pit 8D through the unhulled rice passage 9 and sequentially reaches the container R. Therefore, if the lower conveyor 24 is operated, the paddy rice will circulate. Next, when the heat radiating tube group 12a ... Is operated to operate the exhaust fan 23, far infrared rays emitted from the heat radiating tube group 12a ... Are radiated to the unhulled rice 5 passing through the unhulled rice passage 9. , The moisture of the core of the paddy rice 5 is diffused to the outer surface. Further, the moisture on the surface of the paddy rice 5 ... Is evaporated by the air flow flowing from the inside of the hollow body 7 to the outside of the bottomed inner cylinder 8 through the ventilation ports 7B. The moisture loss rate is adjusted to 1.0% to 2.0% per hour, so the drying time is shortened, but since the rice is uniformly dried from the core to the surface layer, there is no cracking of the hull rice and Even if it passes through any position, it is uniformly heated so that uniform drying can be achieved. Since the ceiling of the hollow body 7 has a closed structure, the air warmed by the radiating tube groups 12a, ... Ascends and the airflow is small even when the fan 23 sucks the inclined upper plate 7A. . The upper paddy rice 5 ... Is heated by the heat radiation effect of the inclined upper plate 7A. Further, since the taper surface 8A of the bottomed cylindrical body 8 is also heated by the warm air in the casing 1 below it, the heat radiating action heats the paddy rice 5 above. The speed of the paddy rice 5 ... Which passes through the paddy rice passage 9 can be adjusted by the discharge speed of the lower conveyor 24.

[0015]

[Effect of device]

 As described above, the present invention has the following excellent effects.

(1) In the drying device, since the far-infrared rays are irradiated to the paddy rice passing through the paddy-rice passage and the paddy rice is dried by ventilation, the moisture of the core portion of the paddy rice and the moisture of the surface layer portion are efficiently and quickly. Since it can be dried and only the surface layer is not overdried, no cracking occurs in the paddy rice.

(2) Since the moisture loss rate of paddy rice is adjusted to 1.0% / hour to 2.0% / hour, the drying treatment time can be shortened and the flavor of rice is not impaired.

(3) The heating temperature of the paddy rice changes due to the difference in the position of the ventilation path, whereas the radiation amount of the radiant tube group is set to be larger on the windward side and smaller on the leeward side. Can be dried.

(4) In the drying device, the heat radiation pipes are arranged so that the heat radiation amount becomes large, medium, and small in order from the windward to the lee of the ventilation path, and a plurality of temperature measuring elements are provided in the paddy rice passage. Since the temperature can be controlled, it is possible to uniformly heat the unhulled rice that passes through the unhulled rice passage so as to achieve uniform drying.

(5) Since the reflecting plate is provided at the rear of the heat radiating tube group, it is possible to irradiate far infrared rays in the rice grain passage direction without unevenness.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a drying device.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of a rotary blade.

3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional plan view of the drying device.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a difference in winding density of heat generating elements of a heat radiation tube. A, B, C indicate cartridge type, D, E,
F indicates a sheath type.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a surface heating element.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a modified example of the surface heating element.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Casing 2,24 Screw Conveyor 3 Sauce 4 Rotating Blade 5 Paddy Rice 6 Support Rod 7 Hollow Body 7A Inclined Upper Plate 7B Sidewall 8 Bottomed Inner Cylinder 8A Tapered Surface 8B Sidewall 8D Pit 8E Bottom 9 Rice Paddy Path 10, 11 Vents 12a to 12c, 12a 'to 12c' Radiating tube group 13 Radiating tube (Cartridge type) 13 'Radiating tube (Cee type) 14 Heating element (Nichrome wire) 15 Sintered rod 16 Metal tube (on surface) Far-infrared radiation paint coating) 17 Surface heating element 18 Reflector 19 Support rod 20 Thermometer 21 Intake port 22 Exhaust port 23 Exhaust fan 25 Elevator

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A hopper-shaped inner cylinder having a bottom is provided in the casing, the upper opening end peripheral portion of which is connected to the inner wall of the casing, and the central portion of the inner cylinder has a high hollow center. A body is provided to form a paddy rice passage that communicates vertically between the outer peripheral surface of the hollow body and the inner cylinder side wall, and innumerable vent holes through which the paddy rice cannot pass are formed in the respective opposing walls of the paddy rice passage. In the hollow body, a reflection plate is erected with the reflection surface facing the ventilation hole, and a far infrared radiation pipe group is erected in a segmented manner between the reflection plate and the ventilation hole. For each section, heat radiation pipes are arranged so that high-temperature heat radiation, medium-temperature heat radiation, and low-temperature heat radiation are sequentially arranged from the upstream side to the downstream side of the ventilation passage, and a charging screw conveyor is installed in the ceiling of the casing. A temperature sensor of a temperature controller is provided in the paddy rice passage, and a wind tunnel having an exhaust fan is provided in the casing as the hollow body. An apparatus for drying unhulled rice without cracks in the barrel, which is provided in communication with the air flow of