JPH0622725A - Enteric metabolism improving food and enteric metabolism improver - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the improver containing chitosan as an active ingredient, having intestine controlling action and useful as a constipation improver, an agent for preventing abnormal fermentation of gastrointestine, an agent for reducing load to liver function, preventives for colon cancer, ulcerative colitis, etc. CONSTITUTION:The improver contains chitosan obtained by using carapace of crustacea, e.g. crab or prawn as a raw material and having 1.5-2.5 multi- dispersibility (weight average molecular weight/number average molecular weight) as an active ingredient. Furthermore, the enteric metabolism improving foods are obtained by adding 0.1-25W/W% of the improver based on total amount of foods to foods. Daily intake of chitosan is preferably 0.5-5g.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a food for improving intestinal metabolism and an agent for improving intestinal metabolism, which comprises chitosan as an active ingredient.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, oligosaccharides, bifidobacteria, lactic acid bacteria, and the like having an intestinal regulating action have been used as agents for improving intestinal metabolism. Similarly, foods containing oligosaccharides, bifidobacteria and lactic acid bacteria are used as foods for improving intestinal metabolism.

On the other hand, chitin is a linear aminopolysaccharide contained in shells of crustaceans such as crabs and shrimps, cell walls such as filamentous fungi, mushrooms, etc., and as a supporting tissue of living organisms in insects, etc. It is the largest unused organic resource that is estimated to produce about 10 ¹¹ tons per year. Chitosan is a deacetylated form of chitin, and although chitin is poorly soluble in a solvent, it becomes soluble in a dilute acid. This chitosan is the only cationic polymer in natural products, and its functionality has been studied in various fields at the research stage, but it is mostly used industrially except that it is commercially available as a flocculant for water treatment. Was not done. Recently, it has been used as a plant vitality enhancer, functional food, antibacterial food additive, etc., but its use is still limited, and chitosan improves intestinal metabolism. Is not known.

[0004]

The present invention is directed to the development of new uses for chitosan.

[0005]

Means for Solving the Problems As a result of various investigations by the present inventors, chitosan reduces the amount of intestinal putrefactive substances in feces, and the intestine of Clostridia lecithinase (-), which is said to be a bad bacterium. It was found that the growth in the plant was specifically suppressed. The present invention has been completed based on the above findings. That is, the present invention relates to a food for improving intestinal metabolism containing chitosan as an active ingredient and an agent for improving intestinal metabolism containing chitosan as an active ingredient.

The intestinal metabolism-improving agent and the intestinal metabolism-improving food in the present invention are those which reduce the amount of intestinal putrefactive substances in feces,
In addition, the proliferation of lecithinase (-) bacteria of the genus Clostridia can be specifically suppressed.

As intestinal putrefactive substances, ammonia and sulfides involved in diseases such as cirrhosis and hyperammonemia (Reference: Michioka Tomohi, Enterobacteriaceae Asakura Shoten Tokyo (1990) P
187-191), colon cancer, ulcerative colitis, indoles, phenols, and cresols that are promoters of liver tumors and skin cancer (Reference: (1) Michioka Michioka, Enterobacteriaceae Asakura Shoten Tokyo (1990) P289-290, P329, P366,
(2) Tsuneo Fukushima et al., Japan-China Foreign Journal 16 (3) 552-556, 1983)
And so on.

The chitosan used in the present invention has a weight average molecular weight of about 10 to 1,000,000, preferably about 300 to 700,000. Here, the weight average molecular weight is determined by high performance liquid chromatography using a gel filtration column.

Measuring condition column; TSK guard column + G6000PWXL + G3000PWX
L mobile phase; 0.4 M acetate buffer (pH 4.0) temperature; 40 ° C. flow rate; 0.6 ml / min data processing; Shimadzu C-R4A + GPC program [Shimadzu Corporation] standard material; Showa Denko pullulan (Molecular weight: 5,800-2,46
The polydispersity (weight average molecular weight / number average molecular weight) of chitosan used in the present invention is preferably about 1.5 to 2.5.

The viscosity is about 10 to 2000 cps, preferably about 30 to 1000 cps (chitosan is dissolved in 0.5% acetic acid aqueous solution to a concentration of 0.5%, and the viscosity is 20 ° C. by a rotary B-type viscometer.
(Value measured in step 1), and the degree of deacetylation thereof is about 75 to 100%, preferably about 80 to 95%.
(Using toluidine blue solution as an indicator, 1/400
A value measured by a PVSK colloid titration method with N polyvinyl potassium sulfate solution) is preferable.

The particle size is 50 mesh pass (Tyler), preferably 80 mesh pass.

The chitosan used in the present invention is prepared by using, for example, the shell of crustaceans such as crab, shrimp and insect, the cell wall of mushrooms and filamentous fungi, and the shell of crustaceans such as crab and shrimp as raw materials. Manufactured by the method.

First, the raw material is heated in a dilute alkaline aqueous solution to remove proteins and washed with water, and then the calcium content is removed in a dilute acidic aqueous solution, and at the same time, the conditions such as temperature and time are changed to control the molecular weight. Wash with water to obtain chitin. Next, chitin is heated in a concentrated alkaline aqueous solution for deacetylation and then washed with water to obtain chitosan.

In the present invention, chitosan is a biscuit,
Cookies, candy, jellies, soups, noodles, meat products, side dishes, breads, cakes, dairy products, ice cream, tempura powder, bread crumbs, miso, soft drinks, juice-containing beverages, dairy drinks, and all other foods and drinks May be taken,
Alternatively, it may be orally taken as it is as a preparation such as a powder, tablet, capsule, granule and the like.

The intake of chitosan is 0.1-10 per day.
g, preferably about 0.5 to 5 g. When chitosan is added to food, the amount added is 0.0 with respect to the total amount of food.
1 to 50 w / w%, preferably 0.1 to 25 w / w%. The ratio of chitosan in the preparation is 0.1-100 w
/ w%.

[0016]

【Example】

<Experimental method> Chitosan-containing biscuits having the composition shown in Table 1 were prepared and used in the following tests. Eight healthy men (aged 21 to 22) were given a chitosan-free biscuit (weight: 10 g / sheet) obtained by removing chitosan from the composition shown in Table 1 as a control period before the test at a rate of 3 sheets / day for 1 week. During the test period, the biscuit containing chitosan was administered as chitosan at a rate of 3 g / day for 1 week, and then at a rate of 6 g / day for 1 week. Furthermore, as a control period after the test, the chitosan-free biscuits were ingested at a rate of 3 sheets / day for 1 week. Feces were collected on the last day of the control period before the test, 1 and 2 weeks after the start of the test, and on the last day of the control period after the test, and ammonia, sulfide, phenol, ethylphenol, cresol, indole, and skatole in the feces were described below. In addition to the measurement under the above conditions, the number of main intestinal bacteria, the weight of feces, the pH of feces, and the water content of feces were also measured. Each measuring method is shown below.

Moisture in feces: Feces were freeze-dried by a conventional method and determined from the weight difference before and after.

PH of feces: A flat type composite electrode was attached to a pH meter, and the electrodes were directly inserted into the feces for measurement.

Ammonia: Measured by the diaphragm electrode method.

Indole; measured by the method of Yoshihara et al. (Reference; I. Yoshihara and K. Murata Agric. Biol.
Chem., 41, 2083-2085 1977, I. Yoshihara Agric. Bio
l. Chem., 42, 1607-1609 1978, I. Yoshihara Agric.
Biol. Chem., 43, 1985-19871979).

Skatol; ibid Paracresol; ibid. Phenol; ibid. Sulfide; measured by the ion electrode method.

Ethylphenol; Same as above The chitosan used had a weight average molecular weight of about 580,000,
Polydispersity 1.95, viscosity 105 cps, deacetylation degree 8
The particle size is 5.2% and the particle size is 50 mesh pass.

[0023]

[Table 1] Blending ratio of chitosan-containing biscuits (%) Wheat flour 45.4 Whole egg 2.8 Margarine 17.0 Powder milk 1.7 Sand sugar 11.3 Swelling agent 0.5 Reduced maltose starch syrup 11.3 Chitosan 10.0 <Results> Table 2 shows the results of measuring various intestinal putrefactive substances, the weight of feces, the pH of feces, and the water content of feces, and Table 3 shows the excretion status of various bacteria. All data are expressed as average values. In the table, the value of ammonia is mg per 1 g of stool containing water, and the value from sulfide to skatole is the number of μg per 1 g of stool containing water.

[0024]

[Table 2] Material Before administration 1 week after administration 2 weeks after administration Ammonia (mg / g) 261.3 125.4 106.2 232.1 Sulfide (μg / g) 4.9 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.9 Phenol (〃) 31.8 12.9 15.5 21.7 Ethylphenol (〃) 9.6 1.6 2.5 2.5 5.6 Paracresol (〃) 61.9 19.6 24.8 51.6 Indole (〃) 54.3 16.2 22.3 38.1 Skatole (〃) 20.5 9.1 7.5 19.2 Fecal weight (g) 95.5 111.2 116.3 97.1 Fecal pH 6.4 6.2 6.3 6.3 6.5 Fecal moisture (%) 74.9 76.7 76.4 74.6

[0025]

[Table 3] Microorganism name Before administration 1 week after administration 2 weeks after administration Bifidobacteria 8/8 8/8 8/8 8/8 Bacteroidaceae 8/8 8/8 8/8 8/8 Eubacteria 8/8 8/8 8/8 8 / 8 Peptococcaceae 8/8 8/8 8/8 8/8 Megasphaerae 7/8 3/8 4/8 7/8 Curved rods 6/8 3/8 3/8 4/8 _Clostridia Lecithinase-positive 7/8 8 / 8 8/8 8/8 Lecithinase-negative ^* 8/8 4/8 4/8 7/8 Lactobacilli 8/8 8/8 8/8 8/8 Enterobacteriaceae 8/8 8/8 8/8 8/8 Pseudomonas 6/8 6/8 7/8 7/8 Streptococci 8/8 8/8 8/8 8/8 Staphylococci 7/8 7/8 7/8 4/8 Bacilli 6/8 5/8 6/8 2 / 8 Yeasts 4/8 2/8 1/8 5/8 Molds 1/8 0/8 0/8 0/8 Veillonellae 4/8 4/8 4/8 2/8 Note) The numbers mean the number of bacteria discharged / the number of subjects.

As is clear from Table 2, various intestinal putrefactive substances can be reduced by administering chitosan. Further, as is clear from Table 3, the number of excreted lecithinase (-) bacteria of the genus Clostridia, which are said to be particularly bad bacteria, is reduced by half compared to before administration, and it can be seen that the growth of the bacteria is suppressed. . This means that chitosan contributes to the improvement of intestinal flora by suppressing the growth of bad bacteria.

Therefore, the intestinal metabolism-improving agent and the intestinal metabolism-improving food of the present invention have an intestinal regulating action, and are a constipation-improving agent, a gastrointestinal abnormal fermentation inhibitor, a load reducing agent for liver function, colon cancer, and ulcer. It is expected to be used as a preventive agent for inflammatory bowel disease and as a faecal odor reducing agent.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁵ Identification code Office reference number FI technical display location C08B 37/08 A 7329-4C // A21D 2/18

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A food for improving intestinal metabolism, which comprises chitosan as an active ingredient. 2. An intestinal metabolism-improving agent, which comprises chitosan as an active ingredient.