JPH0622706B2 - Centrifuge - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for separating at least one substance having a specific gravity different from that of a liquid or gaseous medium by centrifugal force from a liquid or gaseous medium, particularly , A mixed fluid of a substance and a medium is set to rotate about an axis parallel to the direction of the flow, introduced into a separation chamber, and the substance is separated from the medium and discharged, thereby producing a liquid or a gas. The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for separating a substance having a high specific gravity from a stream.

Cyclones, or centrifuges, are commonly used to separate solid or liquid substances from gas or liquid streams.

[Prior Art and Problems to Be Solved] The conventional separation device has a drawback that the high rotation speed required for efficient separation can be achieved only by a large consumption of energy, and is relatively large. There is.

DE-A-2,647,486 discloses a separation technique with the step of rapidly subclassifying in the inlet duct the suspension to be purified in a hydrocyclone. For this reason, the incoming suspension stream is divided into several constituent streams which are not subsequently mixed (especially DE-A-2,64).
No. 7,486, pages 10 and 11).

Further, the liquid cyclone in DE-A-2,647,486 does not apply rotation acceleration and is provided with a product discharge pipe and a dirt discharge pipe. The fact that the dirt discharge means has a frustoconical taper is irrelevant to the separation efficiency, since the first separation takes place in the annular chamber whose wall is cylindrical.

The centrifugal dust separator known from DE-C-883,555 has a displacement member which is tapered in the direction of flow. Since the wall surface of this displacement member has a cylindrical shape, the rotation cannot be accelerated. Further, clean air is unilaterally taken out only through the clean air pipe.

The point of caution related to the above-mentioned DE-C-883,555 is that in this document, since the displacement member having a taper in the flow direction is provided in the cylindrical outer wall, the DE-C
It can also be applied to the -688,803 publication. Also, DE-
In C-688,803, the purified medium is simply ejected from one side. Rotational acceleration is DE-C-
In the device disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 686,803, the rib extends in the longitudinal direction, so that it cannot be expected.

The device disclosed in France A-2,274,363 has a baffle member that is known to have a similar shape from the above-mentioned two publications.

In the device disclosed in British C-374,382, the substantially separating chamber is set in a cylindrical shape so that the rotational movement is not accelerated so that the diameter of the rotational movement is reduced. In British C-374,382, the purified medium is not ejected from the separating chamber in both different directions.

U. S. A-4,420,314 discloses a separating device with a cylindrical separating chamber as shown in FIG. 4, in which the medium to be separated is collected. U.
S. The arrangement structure of the guide vanes is known from A-4,420,314. However, this U.S. S. A-4, 42
No acceleration of the rotational movement occurs in the separating device known from 0,314 and the removal of the purified medium does not take place via two output openings facing each other.

Centrifuge equipped with dip pipe is DE-A-2,
832,079, DE-A-2,945,951
It is known from the publication Gazette and DE-A-3,615,747. In these known devices, no unseparated gas (ie a mixture of substance and medium) is introduced into the separating chamber from the inlet.

In the above device, the unseparated gas again exists directly downstream of the inlet and only a small amount of unseparated gas can be released into the vortex in the device. That is, more than half of the mixture does not enter the separating chamber directly.

Maschinenfabrik BETH GmbH (p. 94 and 95) p
“Ha, which was disclosed in 1964 by the rinting department
ndbuch der Entstaubung ”[Manual of Dust Removal]
Dust remover is known from. This dust remover is called “Van-Tongeren dust separator” (see FIG. 47 of the above-mentioned document). This Van-Tongeren d
In the ustseparator, the gas from which the dust is separated is entrained in a rotating motion containing a weak radial component in the fluidizing chamber. The dust particles move toward the walls of the fluidizing chamber and, along with the gas stream of fine particles, are condensed in a cyclone of relatively small diameter. The gas thus purified is discharged from the fluidizing chamber after the rotation direction is reversed by the plurality of baffles arranged in the circumferential direction. Due to such inversion, the relatively large-sized particles contained in the gas are moved outward. Providing such a dust remover can accommodate the fluidizing chamber, so that the device can be miniaturized. However, there is a drawback in removing dust from the gas in the pipe, which is usually required, in order to meet more stringent requirements than a cyclone having a relatively large diameter.

The present invention is for centrifuging, that is, especially for separating dust or other solids or liquids from gases or liquids,
Further, it is based on a method of separating a substance having a high specific gravity from a gaseous or liquid medium, and the substance and the medium are difficult to dissolve. This separating method consumes less energy and is excellent in separation efficiency.

Means and Actions for Solving This object, according to the invention, accelerates the rotational movements while guiding the medium to the separating chamber while reducing the radius of the rotational movements of the mixed fluid, and opposes each other. This is achieved by discharging the medium from a plurality of outlets provided in the medium. This can be done without adding an extra drive mechanism.

In a conventional cyclone, the volume of purified stream per unit time is constrained by the cross section of the pipe discharging the purified medium. Providing the second pipe may increase the throughput of the separation device. This requires a high rotation speed of the medium to be purified and thus a super-proportional high centrifugal force and thus a relatively high efficiency separation with increased throughput.

In the present invention, the mixture of the substance and the medium is set in a rotary motion, and the radius of the rotary motion is reduced in order to accelerate the rotary motion, and the mixture is discharged through the cross-sectional portion to obtain a highly efficient separation. To be The cross-sectional area, that is, the radius of this cross-sectional portion is set smaller than the cross-sectional area, that is, the radius of the cross section of the chamber in which the mixture is rotated. Free edd
By virtue of the law of conservation of energy, the reduction of the radius of gyration as a result of the increase in the angular velocity due to y) allows for high separation efficiencies and degrees of separation using the method of the invention. For example, the radial acceleration can be increased up to 1600 g. These effects are obtained without the need for high expense and high blow output. Furthermore, in the method of the present invention, the loss can be lowered to be in the range of about half that of a conventional cyclone.

Due to the free vortices, a relatively high rotational speed is obtained in response to a high mass throughput if a relatively strong flow is used in a space of the same size.

A device suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention provides a rotational movement of the mixture of substance and medium about an axis parallel to the direction of fluid flow, without a space extending around the axis of this rotational movement. A housing having a forming device and a separating chamber with outlets for the purified medium and the separated substance, the two openings being arranged coaxially opposite each other; It is characterized in that it is provided for ejecting the medium.

Reducing the radius of the rotational movement can easily be achieved by providing a guide means for forming a space extending around the axis for generating the rotational movement. The effective radius of the guide means is, when viewed from the axial direction, the discharge side of the medium purified from the space that causes the rotational movement about the axis, and the opening (dip pipe) for discharging the purified medium from the separation chamber. Is set larger than the effective radius of.

The principle according to the invention is that a restrictor or other member is provided in the inlet region which forces the mixture of substances and media to be separated into a space which extends around the axis and which extends radially. It is also extremely simple in conventional cyclones by allowing the purified medium (gas or liquid) to flow through a dip pipe with a smaller cross-sectional area than the restrictor or other member to reduce the radius of gyration to the desired degree. Can be understood in any way.

In the device for carrying out the method of the invention, the opening terminating at the separation chamber is constituted by a dip pipe projecting into the separation chamber.

Example The separation device 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is exposed to a flow close to the tangent line of a mixture of substances and media to be separated via a pipe. The mixture of substances and media to be cleaned is entrained in a rotating movement in a spiral-shaped space 5 formed between the baffle member 6 and the outer wall 4. The mixture put in during this rotary motion passes through an annular space 17 formed between the outer wall 4 and the guide means 3, and the kinetic energy is increased to enter the collection space (separation chamber).

Two dip pipes 8 and 9 for discharging the purified medium extend into the separating chamber 7.

The two dip pipes 8 and 9 are arranged coaxially with each other, and their diameter is smaller than the diameter of the guide means 3 at the boundary between the two spaces 5 and 7. As a result, the radius of rotation of the mixture of substance and medium to be purified is reduced and the rotation is accelerated. The upper dip pipe 9 extends into the baffle member 6, the helical space 5 and the guide means 3.

In the collection space 7, substances having a relatively large specific gravity are collected.
To the outside wall 7 and fall into the stationary chamber 11. When the medium to be purified enters the dip pipes 8, 9, the radius of rotation is reduced and the resulting centrifugal force is higher.

Baffle means (frustroconical shape) 12 is provided at the lower dip pipe 8. This baffle means 12
The substance separated from the medium flows from the stationary chamber 11 into the collecting space 7 to prevent the substance from moving upward again. In the lower region of the stationary chamber 11, a conduit 13 for discharging separated substances is provided.

In the stationary chamber 11, in order to more effectively immobilize the medium to be cleaned and the separated substance, the stationary chamber 1
1 is designed to have the largest possible outer diameter.

The lower dip pipe 8 extends to the outside through a stationary chamber 11.

The separation device 1 shown in FIG.
It has an upper part 15 and a lower part 16 connected to each other. Thus, the upper portion 15 and the lower portion 16 can be connected to each other in any shape.

Shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. In the separation device according to the embodiment of the present invention, the mixture of the substance to be separated and the medium to be washed is supplied through the introduction duct 22 having a substantially spiral shape. The supplied mixture has an annular space 26 formed between the inner guide means 23 and the outer housing wall 30.
Through to the collecting chamber 27. This annular space 26 is determined by the guide means 23. The radius of gyration of the mixture of substance and medium thus decreases continuously from the spiral-shaped flow duct 22 towards the separating chamber 27, thus increasing the angular velocity of the gyration.

The upper dip pipe 29 extends in the inner guide means 23, and the lower dip pipe 28 extends coaxially so as to face the upper dip pipe. Both dip pipes 28, 29 project into the separating chamber 27. A baffle 32 is provided in the dip pipe 28 in the region of the separation chamber 27. The baffle 32 prevents the material separated from the medium from moving up again from the stationary chamber 31 due to the flow along the dip pipe. The separated substance is removed via the pipe 33.

The upper part 35 and the lower part 36 of the separating device 21 are connected by a flange 34 so that they can be easily replaced.

The separation device 41 of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 comprises a secondary cyclone 51. The mixture of substances to be separated and the medium to be washed is fed tangentially via the inlet duct 42. The supplied mixture is put into a rotating motion in the space 45 and separated, the high specific gravity material is collected at the outer wall, and a small amount of the medium (partial gas flow) is separated from the separation chamber through the slot 52. Taken out. The space 45 is separated from the space 47 of the separating device 41 by a baffle plate 58.
Are separated by a baffle member 57 having. Two axially spaced coaxial dip pipes 48, 49 project into the space 47, through which the purified medium is discharged.

The secondary cyclone 51 is provided on the housing wall 50 that defines the space 45. This secondary cyclone 51
It is connected to the separating device 41 via a slot 52 extending over the entire height of the space 45.

Due to the rotational movement of the mixture of substance and medium in the space 45, the substance having a high specific gravity is ejected to the housing wall 50, along which wall a small amount of the medium to be purified is passed through a slot 52. It moves in the rotation direction until it enters the next cyclone 51. Separation of the medium to be purified and the dense substance is further performed in the secondary cyclone 51, and the purified medium is guided to the other dep pipe 48 via the one dip pipe 53. On the other hand, the separated substance is discharged through the pipe 56.

A baffle plate 58 having a baffle plate 58 and a baffle means 57 fitted with both the dip pipes is disposed in the space 47 of the two dip pipes 48, 49. The baffle plate 58 is provided in the space 45 and the separation chamber 4 so as to increase the degree of separation.
The shape and the arrangement are set so as to influence the flow of the medium from 7 to the dip pipes 48 and 49.

As with the other embodiments of the invention, the separating devices 41 are connectable to each other so that the respective parts can be easily replaced and that a separate second dip pipe allows the separating devices to be combined. It is divided into two parts 55 and 56.

In the separation device 60 shown in FIG. 7, the mixture of substance and medium is introduced by a pipe 62 and supplied by guide vanes 66 during a rotational movement in an annular space 65 between the baffle means 63 and the outer wall 64. It In the collection chamber 67, the substances to be separated are separated from the medium and the medium is discharged axially via the coaxially provided dip pipes 68, 69. The dip pipe 68 is a pipe 62 for introducing the mixture.
It is arranged coaxially with. The separated material is discharged through the space 70 between the dip pipe 69 and the downwardly tapered outer housing wall 71.

In the separating device 72 shown in FIG. 8, the mixture of the substance to be separated and the medium to be purified is introduced by a pipe 73.
A dip pipe 77 is coaxially arranged in the pipe 73, and a dip pipe 78 is coaxially provided in the dip pipe so as to be axially separated from each other. The medium is taken out from the separating device 72 via the dip pipes 77 and 78. An annular space 74 is formed between the dip pipe 77 and the pipe wall 75, in which the mixture of the substance to be separated and the medium to be purified is supplied by the guide vanes 76 during the rotational movement. It

A collection space (separation chamber) 79 is provided between the pipe 73 and the respective dip pipes 77 and 78. The outer side of the separating chamber 79 is defined by an outer housing wall 80. The outer housing wall 80 has a cross-sectional shape that is tapered in the direction of flow, as indicated by the broken line, from the viewpoint of fluidity.

The separated substance is discharged through the pipe 81.

The separating device 60 shown in FIG. 7 has an upper part 83 and a lower part 84 connected by a flange 82, and the separating device 72 shown in FIG. 8 has an upper part 86 and a lower part 87 connected by a flange 85.

A secondary cyclone 51 can be added to the separators 1, 21, 60, 72 shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, 7 and 8. In the case of the separation device shown in FIGS. 1 to 4,
Secondary cyclones may preferably be provided in the stationary chambers 11,31.

In the separation device 90 shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the mixture of the substance to be separated and the medium to be purified is introduced via a duct 91 having a substantially spiral shape. This duct 91
Of the upper dip pipe 92 and the lower dip pipe 93 coaxially provided so as to face each other, extend around the upper dip pipe 92. The separated mixture is supplied to the rotary movement in the space 94 formed by the duct 91, flows into the collecting chamber 95, from which the purified medium is discharged via the dip pipes 92, 93. The separated substance falls down along the separating chamber wall 96.

The separated substance is connected to the dip pipe 93 through the baffle means 98 which spreads downward in a conical shape, and continuously falls along the downwardly tapered funnel 97. This funnel 97 is not necessary, in which case the baffle means 98 will extend just before the housing wall as shown in FIG. With the above configuration,
The already separated substance is prevented from being sucked upward and returning to the separating chamber 95 again. The separated substance is discharged downward through the pipe 99.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 14, the dip pipes 92 and 93 project into the separating chamber 95 at different lengths. Also,
The top 90 'and bottom 90 "of the housing are flanges 90
Connected by. Similar to the embodiment shown in FIG. 14, the baffle surface 94 'can be eliminated in the embodiment shown in FIG. The dip pipes 92, 93 are curved on the outside of the separation chamber, and have a flange 100 (FIG. 9) at the outer end for attaching to another member.

In the separating device 101 shown in FIG. 11, the two dip pipes 105 and 106 provided coaxially are provided in the separating chamber 1.
It projects in 04. The mixture is introduced through a conical ring-shaped duct 102 or a disc-shaped space extending around the dip pipe 105. A baffle 103 is provided in the duct 102, by means of which the mixture is fed during the rotary movement.

The lower dip pipe 106 has guiding means 107 which prevent the already separated substance from flowing upwards. The lower dip pipe 106 is curved below the baffle means 107 and extends outward. The separated substance is discharged from the separating device 101 through the pipe 108.

In the separation device 110 shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, as in the separation device 101 shown in FIG. 11, the mixture to be separated is introduced through the conical ring-shaped duct 111 (or the disc-shaped space). , And is supplied during rotation by the blades 112. Then, the purified medium has two dip pipes 11 coaxially provided so as to face each other.
4, 115 is discharged from the separation chamber 113.

A slot 119 is formed on the outer wall 117 of the separation chamber 113, and the slot 119 allows the separation chamber 11 to be separated.
3 is connected to a pipe 118 extending in parallel therewith. The separated substance is transferred to the pipe 1 through the slot 119.
18 and is discharged from the lower end 120 of this pipe 118.

The pipe 118 can be designed like a secondary cyclone that can further increase the separation efficiency of the separation device 110.

Baffle means 116 that flare downwardly in a conical shape may be provided at the lower end of the separating chamber 113. This baffle means 1
The upper end of 16 is connected to the dip pipe 115 and the lower end is connected to the bottom 121 of the separator 110. This baffle means 116 prevents deposits in the corner area between the bottom 121 of the separator 110 and the dip pipe 115.

In all the embodiments described above, the baffle means may be arranged between the dep pipes in the separating chamber, as already explained with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6. With such an arrangement, pressure loss and velocity peaks of the medium can be prevented. These two flies can be constituted by one continuous pipe. In this case, the purified medium enters the dip pipe through a linear or spiral slot and from there flows in the opposite direction.

16 and 17 show a separating apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a plan view and a top view showing the upper part of 30 (the top cover is drawn transparently). A spiral-shaped duct 131t for introducing the separated mixture is formed by bending an empty panel of a predetermined shape metal plate in one direction. Preferred, dynamic fluid movement separates from edge 131 Chamber 1
Occurs to 32.

[Brief description of drawings]

Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a separator exposed to near tangential flow,
2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view of another embodiment of the separator which is exposed to a flow close to a tangent line,
FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IVIII in FIG. 3, FIG. 5 is a sectional view of an embodiment of a separator equipped with a secondary cyclone and exposed to a flow close to a tangent line, and FIG. 6 is FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line VI-VI, FIGS. 7 and 8 are sectional views of different embodiments of the separator exposed to the flow close to the axis, and FIG. 9 is a separator exposed to the flow close to tangent. IX of FIG.
FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along line IX, FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along line XX in FIG. 9, and FIG. 11 is a view showing another embodiment of the separator, FIG.
2 is a sectional view taken along line XII-XII of FIG. 13 showing the separator, FIG. 13 is a sectional view taken along line XIII-XIII of FIG. 12,
FIGS. 14 and 15 are diagrams showing an embodiment similar to FIGS. 9 and 10, and FIGS. 16 and 17 are
It is a figure which each shows the upper part of the separator which can be manufactured easily. 1 ... Separation device, 6 ... Buffer member, 7 ... Separation chamber, 8, 9 ... Dep pipe, 11 ... Stationary chamber.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A centrifugal separator for separating a substance having a specific gravity different from that of a fluid medium from the fluid medium by a centrifugal force, wherein a housing and an axis of rotation of a mixture of the substance and the medium are parallel to the flow direction inside the housing. And a dip pipe (8, 9,
92, 93, 105, 106) projecting from which the separated medium flows out through one of the pipes, and an outlet (13, 9) for the separated substance.
9) with a centrifuge device having an outlet (13, 99) for the separated material at the end of the housing opposite the inlet of the mixture,
A lower dip pipe (8, 93, 106) near the outlet (13, 99) projects from the housing, and a cone-shaped guide device (12, 95, 107) provides a lower dip pipe (8, 93, 106). 93, 106), and the guiding device is provided on the metal plates (12, 98, 1).
07) to form a truncated cone-shaped jacket having an upper side that is narrowed, and its small diameter side end is connected to the lower dip pipe (8, 93, 106) so as to compress a fluid. Centrifugal separation device characterized in that. 2. A centrifugal separator for separating a substance having a specific gravity different from that of the fluid medium from the fluid medium by a centrifugal force, wherein a rotation axis of the housing and the rotation of the mixture of the substance and the medium is parallel to the flow direction inside the housing. And a dip pipe (28, 2) coaxially facing the inside of the
Separation in a centrifuge in which 9) is projecting and has a separation chamber from which the separated medium flows out through one of the pipes and an outlet (33) for the separated material. Said outlet for later substances (33)
Is provided at the end of the housing opposite the inlet of the mixture into the device so that it projects from the housing, the dip pipes (28, 78) on the lower side being straight and of the outlet. A cone-shaped guide device (12, 95, 107) is provided near the upper end of the lower dip pipe (8, 93, 106), and the guide device is a metal plate (12, 95). 98, 107) to form a truncated cone-shaped jacket with a narrow upper side, and the small-diameter side end of the jacket is attached to the lower dip pipe (8, 93, 106) so as to compress fluid. A centrifugal separator characterized by being connected. 3. The lower dip pipe (8, 93, 10)
6. The centrifuge according to claim 1, characterized in that 6) has a curved portion and extends through the cone-shaped lower part of the housing.