JPH06221883A - Outflow-analysis support apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To quickly make an equal-arrival-time curve with reference to various condition changes by installing a means wherein the transfer point of a pipe waterway is computed on the basis of the flow velocity of rainwater flowing inside the pipe waterway. CONSTITUTION:The intensity of a rainfall is received by a radar transmitter- receiver 13 via an antenna 11, and it is transmitted by a data transmission device 14 as precipitation data 15. On the other hand, data from a ground rain gauge 12 is transmitted by a telemeter 16. The data 15 is sent to a precipitation operation device 17, and a precipitation is estimated and sent out to an outflow- analysis operation device 18. The operation device 18 automatically makes an equal-arrival-time curve by using an outflow-analysis support apparatus 20. That is to say, the flow velocity of each pipe waterway is found on the basis of characteristic data on the pipe waterway by a pipe-waterway transfer- point computation means, the transfer time is found on the basis of the flow velocity and the length of the pipe waterway, and a transfer point is computed. After that, a transfer curve is computed on the basis of a prescribed geometrical equation from a most downstream point up to an upstream point, and an equal- arrival-time curve is made on the basis of the transfer curve.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a runoff analysis support device used for pump operation control of a sewer pump station or a pump facility of a sewage treatment plant for the purpose of controlling rainwater drainage and inundation disasters during rainfall, In particular, a technique for creating an iso-arrival time curve that represents the movement state of rainwater flowing out from the target basin used when determining runoff using the RRL method (Road Research Laborat-ory), which is one of the runoff analysis methods, is used. The outflow analysis support device is provided.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, with the rapid progress of urbanization and the construction of sewerage facilities, most of the rainfall flows into pump facilities, so that it flows out from the target basin especially during sudden rainfall such as heavy rainfall and typhoons. It is necessary to properly drain rainwater. For that purpose, it is necessary to properly operate the pumps of the pump facility at the time of rainfall, and it is important to accurately grasp the outflow amount of rainwater from the target basin.

Therefore, the RRL method has heretofore been used as one of the methods of such runoff analysis. This RRL method was developed in the United Kingdom, and the rainfall that has fallen in the target basin is applied to the pumping station. This is a method of calculating how much flow rate has flowed out during the inflow process.

Further, to describe a concrete method of calculating the outflow amount in this method, the rainfall intensity is input, the state of the inflow and transfer of rainwater from the pipe to the pump station, the curve of the outflow rainwater arrival time region, etc. Is calculated manually and the effective rainfall is calculated while assuming the loss amount considering the permeation area and impermeability area. Next, a hydrograph showing the temporal change of the inflow rate is calculated, and from the S {rainfall (rainwater storage amount)}-Q (outgoing outflow in the target basin) curve to the pump station The outflow amount from the target watershed that arrives is calculated.

[0005]

However, in the outflow analysis, since the curve of the equal arrival time range used in the RRL method is manually created, it takes a considerable time to create the curve. In addition, even if you create a curve in the equal arrival time range by manual operation, after that,
The target basin is changed, the pipe is newly installed due to the deterioration of the pipe, the slope, the size, the length and the shape of the pipe are changed, and further the slope and the pipe to change the capacity of the pipe. The size, length, and shape of the pipe may be changed, but at this time, it is necessary to recreate the curve of the equal arrival time range again, and since it is also manually performed, the time is extremely long. In addition, there is a problem that it is difficult to create the iso-arrival time curve.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and automatically determines the equal arrival time curve of rainwater from the target basin required when the outflow amount is obtained using the RRL method, which is one of the methods of runoff analysis. It is an object of the present invention to provide an outflow analysis support device that can be set dynamically and can quickly create equal arrival time curves even when various conditions are changed.

[0007]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention corresponding to claim 1 uses a RRL method, which is one of the methods of the outflow rate, to remove a conduit, a branch pipe, etc. from a target basin. In the runoff analysis support device that creates the equal arrival time curve of rainwater used when analyzing the outflow amount flowing through,

Storage means for storing characteristic data such as a sectional shape, a length, a gradient, and a roughness coefficient of the pipe and the branch pipe connected to the pipe in advance, and the pipe stored in the storage means. After calculating the flow velocity of rainwater flowing through the pipe using the feature data of the pipe, a pipe transfer point calculating means for setting a transfer point of the pipe from the flow velocity and the required unit time, and the storage means. Branch pipe transfer point calculation means for setting a transfer point of the branch pipe from the flow velocity and required unit time after obtaining the flow velocity of rainwater flowing through the branch pipe using the feature data of the branch pipe stored in And a transfer curve calculation means for calculating a transfer curve connecting the transfer point on each pipe and the transfer point on each branch pipe based on a predetermined geometrical equation. Using the transfer curve obtained in A runoff analysis support apparatus for creating a time curve.

[0009]

Therefore, in the invention corresponding to claim 1, by taking the above-mentioned means, after the flow velocity of each pipe is obtained from the feature data of the pipe by the pipe transfer point calculation means, the flow velocity is obtained. Then, the transfer time is calculated for each pipe from the pipe length. Furthermore, the transfer point of each pipe is calculated in sequence from the obtained transfer time and unit time. Similarly, the branch pipe transfer point calculation means calculates the transfer point of each branch pipe.

After that, if the transfer points of each pipe and each branch pipe are calculated, the main line consisting of each pipe and each branch pipe is calculated from the most downstream point to the upstream side based on a predetermined geometrical equation. Since the transfer curve for the transfer point is calculated and the equal arrival time curve is created from this transfer curve,
The equal arrival time curve of rainwater flowing out from the target basin can be automatically created, and the characteristic data can be rewritten to quickly create the equal arrival time curve even when various conditions are changed.

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a rainfall runoff analysis apparatus using the runoff analysis support apparatus according to the present invention. In this runoff analysis device, either or both of the radar antenna 11 and the ground rain gauge 12 are installed at a required place. Among them, in the system on the radar antenna side, from the radar antenna 11 to the rain area of the target basin. After transmitting radio waves, the radio waves reflected from the raindrops in the target watershed, that is, the rainfall intensity including the rainfall shape is received by the radar transmitter / receiver 13 via the radar antenna 11 and converted into electrical reception power, and then the data transmission device. 14 transmits as rainfall amount data 15. On the other hand, in the system on the side of the ground rain gauge, the amount of rainfall actually falling on the ground is measured by the ground rain gauge 12 and similarly transmitted as the rainfall data 15 by using the telemeter device 16.

The rainfall amount data 15 obtained by either or both of the radar antenna 11 and the ground rain gauge 12 as described above is sent to the rainfall amount calculation device 17, where the rainfall amount in the target basin is predicted. , Runoff analysis operation device 18
Send to.

The runoff analysis operation device 18 is a method of runoff analysis, which is one method of runoff analysis, taking into consideration the amount of rainfall (rainfall intensity), the equal arrival time curve representing the movement of rainwater inside the pipe, and other characteristics. Is used to calculate the outflow amount 19 of rainwater that has flowed through the ground surface, pipe, etc.

Therefore, the runoff analysis calculation device 18 needs an equal arrival time curve in order to obtain the runoff flow rate 19 of the rainfall, but this equal arrival time curve is not a manual operation, but the runoff analysis according to the present invention. It is to automatically create using the support device 20. In addition, in the outflow analysis support device 20, when the outflow analysis calculation device 18 calculates the outflow rate 19, as an advance preparation, an equal arrival time curve showing the movement of rainwater in the drainage pipe over the target basin is created. It is in. Next, the configuration of the outflow analysis support device 20 will be specifically described according to the processing procedure as shown in FIG.

This apparatus is provided with a conduit data file 21, a branch pipe data file 22, a pipe connection data file 23, a result data file 24, etc., and an intermediate data storage means 25 for storing program data and intermediate processing data, An arithmetic processing unit 26 such as a CPU is provided which creates an equal arrival time curve based on this program data.

The conduit data file 21 and the branch data file 22 store characteristic data of a conduit i used as a pipe on the main line of the target basin and a branch pipe j connected to this conduit. Among them, in the conduit data file 21, for example, the conduit length Li [m] of the conduit, the sectional shapes Bi [m], Hi [m] of the conduit specifically shown in FIG. 4 described later,
Ribbon information 21a such as Ri [m], gradient Ii [0/00], and roughness coefficient ni is stored. On the other hand, in the branch pipe data file 22, for example, the pipe length Lj [m] of the branch pipe, the cross-sectional shapes Bj [m], Hj [m], Rj [m] of the branch pipe shown in FIG.
Branch information 22a such as j [0/00] and roughness coefficient nj is stored.

Further, in the pipe connection data file 23, the previous pipes i-1, j-1, to represent the connection state of the pipes i and the branch pipes j,
Connection information 23a such as the rear pipes i + 1, j + 1, inlets, weirs, and orifices is stored, and the intermediate data storage means 2 is also stored.
As described above, the intermediate data obtained in the process of obtaining the equal arrival time curve by the arithmetic processing unit 26 is stored in 5 as well as the program data.

The data files 21 to 24 and the storage means 25 may be either a main storage device or an external storage device, and each main storage device or external storage device is divided into areas to store respective information. Good.

The arithmetic processing section 26 is arranged to follow the information 2 of the data files 21 to 23 according to the program data.
Using the intermediate information of 1a to 23a and the storage means 25, arithmetic processing is executed in accordance with the processing procedure as shown in FIG. 2, for example, and an equal arrival time curve is created. The arithmetic processing operation for obtaining the equal arrival time curve will be described below according to the processing procedure.

(A) First, the arithmetic processing unit 26 uses the conduit data file 21 to show the characteristic information of the conduit i shown in FIG. 3, for example, the pipe length Li [m], the sectional shapes Bi [m], and Hi [m]. , R
The pipe information 21a such as i [m], gradient Ii [0/00], and roughness coefficient ni is also shown in FIG.
Which is the characteristic information of the branch pipe j shown in, for example, pipe length Lj [m], cross-sectional shapes Bj [m], Hj [m], Rj [m], gradient Ij [0/00],
After the branch pipe information 22a such as the roughness coefficient nj is read and temporarily stored in the intermediate data storage means 25 (S1), the pipe connection data file 23 is followed by the previous pipes i-1, j-.
1, the connection information 23a of the rear pipes i + 1, j + 1, the inlet hole, the weir, the orifice, etc. are read and the intermediate data storage means 25 is read.
(S2).

(B) Next, the arithmetic processing section 26 numbers all the pipes i in the target basin as shown in FIG. 3 (S3). This numbering may be at equal intervals in the conduit i or at appropriate intervals that can be grasped in advance. The branch pipe j may be similarly numbered.

(C) After the numbering is performed as described above, the flow velocity Vi [m / s] of all the pipes used in the target basin is calculated for each number using Manning's equation. Is calculated (S4). However, it is calculated using a different formula depending on the cross-sectional shape of the pipe. The Manning equation and the equations for calculating the flow velocities of two types of pipes having different sectional shapes will be described below. First, the basic formula of Manning's formula is V = (1 / n) · I ^1/2 ・ R ^2/3 (1) However, in the above equation, V: flow velocity [m / s], n: roughness coefficient,
I: Gradient [0/00], R: Diameter depth [m] shown in equation (2) described later
Is. Here, when calculating the flow velocity of rainwater flowing in the pipe using Manning's equation, it varies depending on the cross-sectional shape of the pipe. Incidentally, in the case of the rectangular cross section of FIG. 4A, the following relational expression is obtained. A = BH, p = B + 2H, R = A / p (2)

However, A: running water cross-sectional area [m] of open channel, B:
Rectangle water surface width [m], H: Water depth of channel [m], p: Wet edge [m]
Is. Therefore, from the Manning's equation (1) using the above relational equation, the flow velocity V is V = (1 / n) · I ^1/2 ・ R ^2/3 = (1 / n) ・ I ^1/2 ・ {(BH) / (B + 2H)} ^2/3 (3) is obtained. On the other hand, in the case of the circular cross section of FIG. 4B, the following relational expression is obtained. y = rcos θ, θ = cos ⁻¹ (y / r), H = r + y = r (1 + cos θ), A = r ² / 2 (φ-sin φ), p = r · φ, R = (r / 2φ) · (φ-sin φ) (4) Also in this case, the flow velocity V is calculated from the Manning's equation of the equation (1). , V = (1 / n) ・ I ^1/2 ・ R ^2/3 = (1 / n) ・ I ^1/2 ・ {R (φ-sin φ) / 2φ} ^2/3 … (5)

(D) As described above, the flow velocity V of each pipe
Once i [m / s] is obtained, the transfer time [seconds] indicating how long rainwater can move in each pipe is calculated (S).
5). Now, assuming that the flow velocity of a certain pipe i is Vi [m / s] and the length of the pipe i is Li [m], the transfer time Ti of the pipe i is
Is represented by Ti = Li / Vi (6). The transfer time Ti is obtained for each pipe.

(E) After that, the rainwater in each pipe is X
The transfer point k (see FIGS. 3 and 5) for each unit time of the equal arrival time curve, for example, [x seconds], which indicates how much to move in [seconds], is calculated (S6). That is, from the transfer time Ti [seconds] obtained in (d) above, how many transfer points k are in each pipe i,
A more accurate position of the transfer point k is obtained. * Specifically, the number of transfer points on the pipe i is calculated based on the following equation using the most downstream point k0 as a reference. Number of transfer points k = transfer time Ti of pipe i / unit time X (7) When the number of transfer points k is B and the remainder is Di [second],
There are B transfer points in the pipe i. * Here, the position of the transfer point km (1 ≤ m ≤ B) on the pipe i can be calculated from the unit time X seconds · m · the flow velocity of the pipe i from Vi [m / s] (8) . * Subsequently, the number of transfer points for the next pipe i + 1 is calculated by the following formula using the surplus time Di [seconds] obtained when calculating the transfer point of the pipe i. {(Transport time Ti + 1 of the pipe i + 1) -remaining time Di} / unit time X (9) Here, when the answer is C and the remainder Di + 1 [second], the pipe i
There are C +1 transfer points.

* Furthermore, using the remaining time Di + 1 [seconds], the transfer point kB + on the next conduit i + 1 is calculated based on the following equation.
The position of m (1 ≦ m ≦ C) is calculated. The starting point of the pipe i + 1 is used as a reference. {(Unit time X [seconds]-(1 + m)-(remaining time Di [seconds])}-(Flow velocity Vi + 1 of pipe i + 1 [m / s]) ... (10)

As described above, based on the answer and the remainder, the transfer point k per unit time X seconds is moved from the most downstream point k0 to the upstream of the pipe until the pipe disappears, and the above equations (9) and (10) are used. )
The transfer point k is calculated by repeatedly executing the calculation using the formula (see FIG. 5).

(F) Next, for all the branch pipes connected to each pipe i in the target basin, the flow velocity Vj [ m / s]
To calculate. Further, the transfer time and the transfer point per unit time are calculated in the same manner as the pipe (S7).

(G) Further, the transfer curves for the transfer points of the pipe and the branch pipe are sequentially calculated from the most downstream point k0 to the upstream (S8 to S10), and the transfer curve connecting the transfer points is calculated (S8). S11, S12). It should be noted that Xmax indicates the maximum value of the transfer points for each trunk line.

An example of obtaining this transfer curve will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7. Now, let the coordinates (origin) of the most downstream point k0 be (0,0). Transfer points k1 (Xk1, Yk) on the trunk line in order from the most downstream point k0 to the upstream side.
1), transfer point (Xk2, Yk2), ..., transfer point kn (X
kn, Ykn) and a branch pipe connected to the conduit, where Vkn [m / s] is the fastest flow velocity, the radius rkn [m according to the following equation (11) is centered around each transfer point.
] Circles 31 ₁ , 31 ₂ , ... are drawn. rkn = Vkn [m / s] / unit time X [seconds] (11)

Then, the equations (formula (12) below) of the circles 31 ₁ , 31 ₂ , ... Using the radius rkn [m] obtained by the formula (11) and the transfer point kn + 1 (Xkn + 1, Y
kn + 1) and, for example, the equation of the tangent line 32 from the transfer point kn + 1 to the circle, for example, 31 ₁ (equation (13) below) and the circle 31 ₁
The transfer curve is calculated using the equation (equation (14)) of the straight line 33 that intersects the equation (13) at a right angle through the center of (X-Xkn) ² + (Y-Ykn) ² = Rkn ² (12) Y-Ykn + 1 = a (X-Xkn + 1) (13) Y-Ykn = -1 / n (X-Xkn) (14) In addition, the transfer point kn + 1 ( When Xkn + 1, Ykn + 1) is in the conduit i, the Y axis is taken in the conduit and the transfer point kn (Xkn, Y
kn) at the origin (0, 0), Ykn + 1 = unit time X [seconds]. (Flow velocity Vi [m / s] of pipe i) (15), so transfer point kn + 1 Let (0, X, Vi) be the coordinates of the intersection Akn, then the coordinates are: {± (XVkn /Vi).(Vkn ² -Vi ² ) ^1/2 ,
XVkn ² / Vi}.

An intersection Akn (+ XA, YA) and an intersection Akn (-XA, of a circle having a radius rkn centered on the transfer point kn + 1).
The curve that is the arc connecting YA) becomes the transfer curve 34 ₁ .
A straight line connecting the transfer point kn + 1 and the intersection point Akn {± (XA, YA)] becomes the transfer curve 34 ₁ ′.

This calculation of the transfer curve is repeated every transfer unit time X, and the transfer curves (34 ₁ , 34 ₁ ′), (34 ₂ , 3) are reached until the maximum value TMAX of the transfer points for each main line is reached.
4 ₂ ′), ... However, TMAX is expressed by equation (7)
The number of transfer points B and C obtained by the equation (9) is added.

That is, for the time X, the equi-arrival time curve of the X portion is obtained by obtaining the transfer curves 34 ₁ , 34 ₁ ′ of FIG. 7B from FIG. 7A, and for the time 2X. Transfer curves 342, 342 'as shown in (c).
Can be asked. These transfer curves (34 ₁ , 34
₁ '), (34 _2, 34 _2'), creating a ... arrival time curve like color. That is, the equal arrival time curve at the time X is the equal arrival time curve at the time X at which the outer peripheral curve of the area surrounded by the tangent line of the transfer point kk1 and the circle Fk0 having a radius rk0 centered at the most downstream point is k0. Is. Furthermore, time 2X
Is an equal arrival time curve of the radius r centered at the transfer point kk + 1
The area surrounded by the tangent line of the circle i + 1 of k + 1 and the transfer point kk + 2, the circle 2Fk of radius 2rk centered on the transfer point kk and the radius rk + 1 centered on the transfer point kk + 1. The outer circumference curve with the area surrounded by the tangent to the circle Fk + 1 is the equi-arrival time curve at the desired time 2X.

When the pipe is bent in the middle, the curve is drawn on the assumption that the pipe is not bent as shown in FIG. 7 (d), and the inscribed circle of the bent portion is expressed by equation (16). Based on. The idea of the bent part is the same as before. (XX) ² + (Y-Y) ² = R ² …… (16)

(H) Then, the transfer curve data for each calculation unit time X seconds obtained as described above is stored as result data in the result data file 24 (S13), and the outflow rate is calculated by the outflow analysis operation device 18. Used when asking.

Therefore, according to the configuration of the above embodiment, conventionally, after the rainwater equal arrival time curve is created manually, the outflow rate is obtained using the data of this equal arrival time curve. Therefore, it takes time to calculate the outflow rate, and when some of the culverts are changed due to changes in the target basin, deterioration of the culvert, replacement of the culvert, etc. Although all had to be redone from the beginning, in the device of the present invention, necessary information is stored in advance in the data files 21 to 23, and the flow velocity and the transfer point flowing in the conduit and the branch pipe are sequentially calculated according to the formulation, Since the transfer curve data between these transfer points and the transfer points are obtained, it is possible to automatically create iso-arrival time curves, which can significantly reduce the work time and reduce the target basin area. You can quickly deal with further or change the part of the pipe culvert. In addition, since the data for each pipe is stored in the data file as described above, when the target basin is changed, the pipe is deteriorated, or when the pipe is changed by changing the pipe or expanding the pipe. , It is possible to create an equal arrival time curve simply by rewriting the data contents of the file.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, although it was used to perform the runoff analysis at the time of rainfall, for example, after calculating the runoff flow rate of the target basin, the outflow flow rate is used to calculate the inflow flow rate to the pump station or each treatment site, and the rainwater It can also be used for driving assistance to determine the number of pumps to operate. In addition, the present invention can be modified in various ways without departing from the scope of the invention.

[0040]

As described above, according to the present invention, the equal arrival time curve of rainwater from the target basin is automatically set,
It is possible to provide an outflow analysis support device that quickly creates equal arrival time curves even when various conditions are changed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a rainfall runoff analysis apparatus using a runoff analysis support apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram specifically showing a configuration of an outflow analysis support device according to a processing procedure.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating numbering of pipes and transfer points.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram for obtaining a flow velocity flowing in a pipe according to a sectional shape of the pipe using Manning's equation.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between a transfer time and a transfer point.

FIG. 6 is a geometrical explanatory diagram for obtaining a transfer curve.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a transfer curve with respect to time.

[Explanation of symbols]

11 ... Radar antenna, 12 ... Ground rain gauge, 17 ... Rainfall calculation device, 18 ... Runoff analysis calculation device, 20 ... Runoff analysis support device, 21 ... Pipe conduit data file, 22 ... Branch pipe data file, 23 ... Pipe connection Data file, 24 ... Result data file, 25 ... Storage means, 26 ... Arithmetic processing section.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An outflow for creating an equal arrival time curve of rainwater used when analyzing an outflow from a target watershed through a conduit, a branch pipe, etc. using the RRL method, which is one of the methods of outflow. In the analysis support device, storage means for storing characteristic data such as a sectional shape, a length, a gradient, and a roughness coefficient of the pipe and the branch pipe connected to the pipe in advance, and the storage means. After determining a flow velocity of rainwater flowing through the pipe using the feature data of the pipe, a pipe transfer point calculating means for setting a transfer point of the pipe from the flow velocity and required unit time, A branch pipe transfer point for setting the transfer point of the branch pipe from the flow velocity and the required unit time after obtaining the flow velocity of rainwater flowing through the branch pipe using the feature data of the branch pipe stored in the storage means. Calculation means, and the predetermined geometric A transfer curve calculating means for calculating a transfer curve connecting the transfer point on each pipe and the transfer point on each branch pipe based on a formula, and using the transfer curve obtained by this transfer curve calculation means An outflow analysis support device, characterized in that the equal arrival time curve of rainwater is created.