JPH06206675A - Elevator emergency stop device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide an elevator emergency stop device by which stable braking can be applied from high speed to low speed and which has a damper excellent in heat resistance and abrasion resistance. CONSTITUTION:A ceramic type friction piece 2 composed of a material mainly composed of a highly abrasion resistant ceramic material is positioned in an upper part on the same plane with a sidably movable surface of a damper 1, and a copper friction piece 3 composed of a material mainly composed of copper having a stable friction coefficient is positioned in a lower part on the same plane with the slidably movable surface of the damper 1, and the ceramic friction piece 2 and the copper friction piece 3 are used at the same time, and good points of the respective friction pieces are utilized, and weak points are compensated with each other.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an emergency stop device for an elevator, and more particularly, to an elevator car or a counterweight such as an elevator car by pressing and sliding a brake shoe on the guide surface of a guide rail. The present invention relates to an improvement of an emergency stop device for an elevator that makes an emergency stop.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In an elevator, when an elevator car or a counterweight is descending and its speed reaches a predetermined overspeed, a governor operates to grip a governor rope.
An emergency stop device installed in the elevator car or counterweight is activated. As a device related to this type of conventional emergency stop device for an elevator,
There is a technology disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 8529. FIG. 5 is a side view showing a schematic structure of the conventional elevator emergency stop device disclosed in the above publication. In the figure, 1 is a brake shoe, 5 is an elevator car, 6 is a guide rail that guides the elevator car 5 up and down, 7 is a hoisting rope for the elevator, 8 is an emergency stop device attached to the elevator car 5, and 9 is a brake. Child 1
Is a pressing spring that presses against the guide rail 6.

Next, the operation of the elevator emergency stop device having the above configuration will be described. Since the structure of the emergency stop device 8 is the same as a known structure, a detailed description thereof will be omitted here. For example, when the elevator car 5 reaches the speed exceeding the rated speed in the descending direction due to a failure of the elevator, a breakage of the hoisting rope 7, or the like, the brake shoe 1 applies the biasing force of the pressing spring 9 to the guide rail 6. It is crimped and slides, and the elevator car 5 is decelerated and stopped by the frictional force of the sliding surface generated at this time.

[0004]

Therefore, in the conventional emergency stop device for an elevator as described above, as a shoe material for an emergency stop device for a high-speed elevator, since a stop shock is softened, the friction coefficient is stabilized from high speed to low speed. In addition to the above materials, which have a large stopping energy, a material having heat resistance and wear resistance has been required.

However, due to the characteristics of the material, a material having a stable friction coefficient is inferior in heat resistance and wear resistance, and conversely, a material having excellent heat resistance and wear resistance has an unstable friction coefficient at high temperatures. Therefore, it has been difficult to obtain a material having a high friction coefficient, heat resistance, and wear resistance from a single material.

Therefore, the present invention has been made in order to solve the above problems, and pays attention to the respective characteristics of the material of the above-mentioned brake shoe, makes the best use of their respective advantages, and has the disadvantages of each other. It is an object of the present invention to provide an emergency stop device for an elevator that has a brake element that is capable of stable braking from high speed to low speed and has excellent heat resistance and wear resistance.

[0007]

An emergency stop device for an elevator according to the invention of claim 1 is mounted on an elevating body guided by a guide rail, and a sliding surface is crimped to a guide surface of the guide rail. A brake element for stopping the lifting / lowering body, a first slide member located on the same plane as the sliding surface of the brake element and made of a material mainly composed of a ceramic material having good wear resistance, A second sliding member, which is located on the same plane as the sliding surface of the brake shoe and is made of a material having a stable friction coefficient as a main component, is provided.

An elevator emergency stop device according to a second aspect of the present invention is mounted on an elevating body guided by a guide rail, and brakes for stopping the elevating body by crimping a sliding surface to a guide surface of the guide rail. A first sliding member that is an inner layer portion of a sliding surface of the brake shoe and is made of a material having a ceramic material having good wear resistance as a main component; and a surface layer portion of the sliding surface of the brake shoe. None, and a second sliding member made of a material containing copper having a stable friction coefficient as a main component.

[0009]

In the emergency stop device for an elevator according to the first aspect of the present invention, the first sliding member made of a ceramic material having high wear resistance is positioned on the same surface as the sliding surface of the brake element, and the braking is performed. Since the second sliding member made of a material having a stable friction coefficient as a main component of copper is positioned on the same plane as the sliding surface of the child, the first sliding member and the second sliding member are arranged. When used together with the sliding member, the respective advantages are utilized, the respective disadvantages are compensated for, the friction coefficient is stabilized, the heat resistance and wear resistance are improved, and the braking ability of the brake shoe is increased.

In the emergency stop device for an elevator according to the second aspect of the invention, the inner layer portion of the sliding surface of the brake element is the first sliding member made of a material having a ceramic material having good wear resistance as a main component, Since the surface layer portion of the sliding surface of the brake shoe is the second sliding member made of a material whose main coefficient is stable copper having a stable friction coefficient, the first sliding member and the second sliding member By using in combination with each other, each strength is utilized, the disadvantages are complemented each other, the friction coefficient is stable, heat resistance and wear resistance are improved,
The braking ability of the brake shoe is increased.

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. <First Embodiment> FIG. 1 is a front view showing a brake shoe of an elevator emergency stop device according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an AA cross section of the brake shoe of FIG. In the figure, the same reference numerals and symbols as those of the above-mentioned conventional example indicate the same or corresponding components as those of the above-mentioned conventional example. In the figure, 2 is excellent in heat resistance and wear resistance, but at the high speed, a ceramic friction piece made of a ceramic material whose coefficient of friction is unstable. 3 is inferior in heat resistance and wear resistance, but from high speed to low speed. It is a copper-based friction piece made of a copper-based material with a stable friction coefficient. The ceramic friction piece 2 is located on the same surface as the sliding surface of the brake element 1, and the copper friction piece 3 is located on the lower surface of the sliding surface of the brake element 1. Except for the brake shoe 1, the rest of the configuration is the same as that of the conventional elevator emergency stop device (see FIG. 5), and the emergency stop device 8 is well known, so a detailed description thereof will be omitted here.

When the emergency stop device for an elevator having the brake shoe 1 having the above-described structure is mounted on a high-speed elevator and an emergency stop operation is performed, the lower part of the brake shoe 1 slides with a new guide rail 6 one after another. Although the temperature of the moving surface does not rise so much, the upper part of the brake element 1 slides on the lower part and slides on the guide rail 6 which has become hot, so that the sliding surface becomes hot.
Wear also becomes severe under the influence of heat. However, in this embodiment, the ceramic friction piece 2 made of a ceramic material having excellent heat resistance and wear resistance is arranged on the upper part of the brake element 1, and the heat resistance and wear resistance are inferior, but the copper having a stable friction coefficient is used. Since the copper-based friction piece 3 made of a system material is arranged below the brake shoe 1, the characteristics of each friction material of the ceramic-based friction piece 2 and the copper-based friction piece 3 are utilized, and the wear resistance and the friction coefficient are improved. Stable braking is possible.

As described above, the emergency stop device for an elevator according to the present embodiment is mounted on the elevator car 5 which is an ascending / descending body guided by the guide rail 6, and a sliding surface is pressed against the guide surface of the guide rail 6 by a spring. Brake element 1 for pressing the elevator car 5 (elevator) by pressing at 9 and the brake element 1
Of the brake element 1 and a ceramic friction piece 2 (first sliding member), which is located on the same surface as the sliding surface of the above, and is made of a material having a ceramic material having good wear resistance as a main component. A copper-based friction piece 3 (second sliding member), which is located in the lower part on the same plane as the moving surface and is made of a material whose main coefficient is stable copper, is provided.

That is, in the emergency stop device for an elevator according to the present embodiment, attention is paid to each characteristic of the material of the brake shoe 1, and the ceramic friction piece 2 (first block) is formed on the upper surface on the same plane as the sliding surface of the brake shoe 1. Sliding member) and the copper-based friction piece 3 (second sliding member) is located below the sliding surface of the brake shoe 1 on the same plane.

Therefore, the ceramic friction piece 2 (first
The sliding member) and the copper-based friction piece 3 (second sliding member) are used together to make use of the advantages of the respective sliding materials, compensate for the disadvantages of each other, and stabilize the friction coefficient, heat resistance, and wear resistance. Property is improved, and the braking ability of the brake element 1 is increased. As a result, the friction coefficient is stable from high speed to low speed, and the rail gripping force of the brake element 1 does not decrease due to wear of the brake element 1. Therefore, there is little stop shock, and the elevator car 5 can be stopped more safely in an emergency. You can

<Second Embodiment> FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a brake element of an elevator emergency stop device according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a main part showing a circle B portion of the brake element in FIG. It is an expanded sectional view. In the figure, the same reference numerals and symbols as those in the first embodiment denote the same or corresponding components as those of the first embodiment.

In the figure, reference numeral 4a denotes an inner layer portion of the sliding surface of the brake shoe 1. The inner layer portion 4a is excellent in heat resistance and wear resistance, but the friction coefficient is unstable at high speed. Is a ceramic-based friction piece. Reference numeral 4b denotes a surface layer portion of the sliding surface of the brake shoe 1. The surface layer portion 4b is inferior in heat resistance and wear resistance, but is made of a material whose main component is copper whose friction coefficient is stable from high speed to low speed. It is a friction part of the system. The inner layer portion 4a and the surface layer portion 4b form a two-layer friction piece 4. In addition, except this brake shoe 1,
Other configurations are similar to those of the conventional elevator emergency stop device (see FIG. 5), and since the emergency stop device 8 is well known,
Detailed description is omitted here.

When an emergency stop device for an elevator having the brake shoe 1 having the above-described structure is mounted on a high-speed elevator and an emergency stop operation is performed, first, in a region where the initial speed is high, the friction coefficient of the copper-based friction piece is stable. The surface layer portion 4b slides on the guide rails 6, and the sliding of the surface layer portion 4b causes the speed of the elevator car 5 to gradually decrease, but the copper-based friction piece portion of the surface layer portion 4b is worn and the inner layer portion 4a is gradually exposed. . And
After the speed decreases to some extent, the inner layer 4a of the friction piece made of the ceramic material slides. Therefore, the characteristics of each friction material of the ceramic friction piece and the copper friction piece forming the surface layer portion 4b and the inner layer portion 4a of the two-layer friction piece 4 are utilized, and the friction coefficient is stable from high speed to low speed. It is possible to brake with good wear resistance.

As described above, the emergency stop device for an elevator according to the present embodiment is mounted on the elevator car 5 which is an ascending / descending body guided by the guide rail 6, and the sliding surface is pressed against the guide surface of the guide rail 6 by a spring. Brake element 1 for pressing the elevator car 5 (elevator) by pressing at 9 and the brake element 1
Of the sliding surface of the brake element 1 and the ceramic friction piece (first sliding member) which is the inner layer portion 4a of the sliding surface and is made of a material having a good wear resistance as a main component. The surface layer portion 4b is provided, and a copper-based friction piece portion (second sliding member) made of a material containing copper having a stable friction coefficient as a main component is provided.

That is, in the elevator emergency stop device according to this embodiment, paying attention to each characteristic of the material of the brake shoe 1, the base material which is the inner layer portion 4a of the sliding surface of the brake shoe 1 is changed to the ceramic friction piece portion ( The first sliding member) and the surface layer portion 4 of the sliding surface of the brake shoe 1.
b is a copper-based friction piece (second sliding member).

Therefore, the ceramic friction piece (first
Of the sliding material) and the copper-based friction piece (second sliding member) are used together, the advantages of each sliding material are utilized, the disadvantages of each are compensated for, the friction coefficient is stable, and the heat resistance and wear resistance are high. Property is improved, and the braking ability of the brake element 1 is increased. As a result, the friction coefficient is stable from high speed to low speed, and the rail gripping force of the brake element 1 does not decrease due to wear of the brake element 1. Therefore, there is little stop shock, and the elevator car 5 can be stopped more safely in an emergency. You can

By the way, in each of the above embodiments, the case where the elevator emergency stop device is attached to the elevator car 5 has been described. However, the elevator emergency stop device is attached to the counterweight which is guided up and down by the guide rail. Also has the same effect.

[0023]

As described above, the elevator emergency stop device according to the invention of claim 1 includes the brake element, the first sliding member, and the second sliding member, and the brake element slides. A first sliding member made of a material mainly composed of a ceramic material having good wear resistance is located on the same surface as the moving surface, and a friction coefficient is set on the lower surface on the same surface as the sliding surface of the brake shoe. By locating the second sliding member made of a stable material containing copper as a main component, the first sliding member and the second sliding member are used in combination to take advantage of their respective advantages and disadvantages from each other. Since the friction coefficient is stable, the heat resistance and wear resistance are improved, and the braking ability of the brake is increased, the friction coefficient is stable from high speed to low speed, there is less stopping shock, and the elevator can be stopped more safely. .

An elevator emergency stop device according to a second aspect of the present invention includes a brake element, a first sliding member, and a second sliding member, and wear-resistant the inner layer portion of the sliding surface of the brake element. The first sliding member made of a material having a good ceramic property as a main component, and the second sliding member made of a material having a stable friction coefficient as a main component on the surface layer portion of the sliding surface of the brake shoe. By using the first sliding member and the second sliding member in combination, the advantages of each are utilized, the respective weaknesses are compensated for, the friction coefficient is stabilized, and the heat resistance and wear resistance are improved. Since the braking ability of the brake element is increased, the friction coefficient is stable from high speed to low speed, the stop shock is small, and the elevator can be stopped more safely.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a brake shoe of an elevator emergency stop device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an AA cross section of the brake shoe of FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a brake shoe of an elevator emergency stop device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

4 is an enlarged sectional view of an essential part showing a circle B portion of the brake shoe shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a side view showing a schematic structure of an emergency stop device for an elevator according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Bracket 2 Ceramic friction piece 3 Copper friction piece 4 Two-layer friction piece 4a Inner layer 4b Surface layer 5 Elevator car 6 Guide rail 7 Hoisting rope 8 Emergency stop device 9 Pressing spring

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A brake element, which is mounted on an elevating body guided by a guide rail and stops the elevating body by crimping a sliding surface to a guide surface of the guide rail, and the same sliding surface of the brake element. A first sliding member located above the surface and made of a material mainly composed of a ceramic material having good wear resistance; and located below the same sliding surface of the brake shoe, and having a friction coefficient And a second sliding member made of a stable copper-based material as a main component. 2. A brake element, which is mounted on an elevating body guided by a guide rail and stops the elevating body by crimping a sliding surface to the guide surface of the guide rail, and an inner layer of the sliding surface of the brake element. And a first sliding member which is made of a material whose main component is a ceramic material having good wear resistance, and which forms a surface layer portion of the sliding surface of the brake shoe and is mainly made of copper having a stable friction coefficient. And a second sliding member made of the material described above.