JPH06205302A - Device for correcting defect of picture element - Google Patents

Device for correcting defect of picture element

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Publication number
JPH06205302A
JPH06205302A JP50A JP53093A JPH06205302A JP H06205302 A JPH06205302 A JP H06205302A JP 50 A JP50 A JP 50A JP 53093 A JP53093 A JP 53093A JP H06205302 A JPH06205302 A JP H06205302A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
pixel
value
circuit
solid
signal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP50A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2882227B2 (en
Inventor
Juichi Hitomi
寿一 人見
Takahiro Kobayashi
隆宏 小林
Masaaki Nakayama
正明 中山
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Panasonic Holdings Corp
Original Assignee
Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd filed Critical Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority to JP5000530A priority Critical patent/JP2882227B2/en
Publication of JPH06205302A publication Critical patent/JPH06205302A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP2882227B2 publication Critical patent/JP2882227B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain an excellent picture by detecting and correcting a signal while exactly distinguishing a picture element defect from a substantial signal in an image pickup device employing a solid-state image pickup element. CONSTITUTION:Picture element data yn-2, yn-1, yn, yn+1, yn+2 being a noted picture element yn, picture elements yn-1, yn+1 before and after the picture elements yn, and picture element yn-2, yn+2 before and after the picture element yn-1, yn+1 are extracted by FFs 1-4 and the following equation are operated by using adders 11-16 and comparator circuits 21-24. Then discrimination outputs of the said comparator circuits are ANDed, and a picture element is discriminated to be a defect of picture element when four following equations are all satisfied, and a detection signal and a correction signal are outputted, yn-yn-1> a1, yn-yn+1>a2, yn-1<b1(yn+yn-2)/2, yn+1<b2(yn+yn-2)/2.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【0001】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明はCCD等の固体撮像素子
を用いた撮像装置において、固体撮像素子に存在する画
素欠陥を検出し補正する画素欠陥補正装置に関するもの
である。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a pixel defect correcting apparatus for detecting and correcting a pixel defect existing in a solid-state image sensor in an image sensor using a solid-state image sensor such as CCD.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】一般にCCD等の半導体により形成され
た固体撮像素子においては、半導体の局部的な結晶欠陥
等により画質劣化を生じることが知られている。入射光
量に応じた撮像出力に常に一定のバイアス電圧が加算さ
れてしまう画像欠陥は、この画像欠陥信号がそのまま処
理されるとモニター画面上に高輝度の白い点として現れ
るので白キズと呼ばれている。また光電感度の低いもの
は黒い点として現れるので黒キズと呼ばれている(以
後、画素欠陥をキズと称する)。
2. Description of the Related Art Generally, it is known that in a solid-state image pickup device formed of a semiconductor such as CCD, image quality is deteriorated due to local crystal defects of the semiconductor. An image defect in which a constant bias voltage is always added to the imaging output according to the amount of incident light appears as a high-intensity white dot on the monitor screen if this image defect signal is processed as it is. There is. In addition, those with low photosensitivity appear as black dots and are called black scratches (hereinafter, pixel defects are called scratches).

【0003】従来、上記のようなキズに対する検出に関
しては、例えば特開昭61−261974号公報に示さ
れている。この方法は注目画素が周辺の画素に対して一
定量以上大きいまたは小さい出力を持つ画素をキズとし
て検出する方法であり、横方向および縦方向に隣接画素
間の差を取り、周辺の画素と異なる出力を持つ画素を検
出するものである。
Conventionally, the detection of scratches as described above is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-261974. This method is a method of detecting a pixel in which the pixel of interest has an output larger or smaller than a peripheral pixel by a certain amount or more as a flaw. It detects a pixel having an output.

【0004】以下、CCDの水平方向における白キズの
検出の場合について説明を行うものとし、まずこの場合
の従来の画素欠陥補正装置について具体的に説明を行
う。白キズは、周辺の画素に対して、通常1画素のみ突
出している。例えば、注目画素とその前後の画素の関係
は図10(a)のように表される。このため、注目画素
とその隣接する前後の画素と比較し、注目画素が一定レ
ベル以上前後の画素より大きい場合キズと見なすことが
できる。
Hereinafter, the case of detecting a white defect in the horizontal direction of the CCD will be described. First, the conventional pixel defect correction device in this case will be specifically described. The white flaw normally projects only one pixel with respect to the surrounding pixels. For example, the relationship between the pixel of interest and the pixels before and after it is expressed as shown in FIG. Therefore, when the pixel of interest is compared with the adjacent pixels before and after it, the pixel of interest can be regarded as a flaw if it is larger than the pixels of a certain level or more.

【0005】上記内容を実現するブロック図を図9に示
す。入力された信号は複数のフリップフロップ(以下F
Fと略す)1,2を通り、順次送られてきた注目画素値
とその前後の画素値、yn-1、yn、 yn+1を得る。これ
らの信号に対して、加算器11,12,比較回路21,
22,AND回路30により下記の演算を行っている。
A block diagram for realizing the above contents is shown in FIG. The input signal is a plurality of flip-flops (hereinafter F
The pixel value of interest and the pixel values before and after it, that is, y n-1 , y n , and y n + 1 , which are sequentially transmitted through 1 and 2, are obtained. For these signals, the adders 11 and 12, the comparison circuit 21,
22 and the AND circuit 30 perform the following calculation.

【0006】 yn-1−yn>a1 (11) yn+1−yn>a2 (12) a1、a2は、ynのyn-1、yn+1に対する突出量のしき
い値であり、ここではa1= a2=a(>0)として考
える。
[0006] y n-1 -y n> a 1 (11) y n + 1 -y n> a 2 (12) a 1, a 2 , the protruding against y n-1, y n + 1 of the y n It is a threshold value of quantity, and is considered here as a 1 = a 2 = a (> 0).

【0007】以上により、注目する画素の値がその周辺
の画素の値に対して一定レベル以上突出している場合は
キズとみなし、検出出力を出力する。補正回路は、検出
出力により制御される。
As described above, when the value of the pixel of interest is more than a certain level above the values of the surrounding pixels, it is regarded as a flaw and a detection output is output. The correction circuit is controlled by the detection output.

【0008】画素欠陥の補正に関しては、特開昭62−
8666号公報にいくつかの方法が示されている。例え
ば、1画素もしくは2画素前の画素で置換する方法、前
後の画素値の平均で置換する方法、または同様に垂直方
向で考え、1つ上の画素で置換する方法、上下の画素値
の平均で置換する方法などがある。
Regarding the correction of pixel defects, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-
Several methods are shown in the 8666 publication. For example, a method of substituting one pixel or two pixels before, a method of substituting the average of previous and next pixel values, or a method of thinking in the vertical direction and substituting by one pixel above, an average of upper and lower pixel values There is a method of replacing with.

【0009】ここでは、補正回路は前後の画素値の平均
で置換するものとし、ブロック図は図3に示したように
なり、動作は以下の通りである。入力された信号はFF
5,6を通り、中央の注目画素の値とその前後の画素値
を抽出する。注目画素の前後の画素値からこれらの平均
値を求め補正信号としている。検出回路の検出出力に従
い、通常は中央の注目画素の値を、キズと判定した場合
は補正信号を出力する。
Here, it is assumed that the correction circuit replaces the average of the pixel values before and after, and the block diagram is as shown in FIG. 3, and the operation is as follows. Input signal is FF
The values of the pixel of interest in the center and the pixel values before and after it are extracted through steps 5 and 6. An average value of these pixel values before and after the pixel of interest is calculated and used as a correction signal. According to the detection output of the detection circuit, normally, the value of the pixel of interest in the center is output, and when it is determined that there is a flaw, a correction signal is output.

【0010】以上より、周辺の画素の値に対して一定レ
ベル以上突出している画素に対してはキズとして検出で
き、目立たないよう補正することができる。
As described above, a pixel protruding from the value of the surrounding pixels by a certain level or more can be detected as a flaw and can be corrected so as not to be noticeable.

【0011】[0011]

【発明が解決しようとする問題点】しかしながら、上記
の方法によれば、点光源のような信号に対しては、信号
であるにも関わらず突出していることからキズと誤って
判定する。例えば、周囲が暗い中で1点のみ明るい図1
0(b)のようなCCD出力信号の場合、その中心の信
号はキズと誤って判定され、誤補正されてしまう。これ
により図10(b)の補正回路出力信号のように、本来
あるべき信号が欠けた形になる。このように点光源のよ
うな信号がある場合には画質を劣化させ、良好な画像を
得ることができないという問題を有していた。
However, according to the above-mentioned method, a signal such as a point light source is erroneously determined as a flaw because it is projected even though it is a signal. For example, in the dark surroundings, only one point is bright.
In the case of a CCD output signal such as 0 (b), the central signal is erroneously determined as a flaw and is erroneously corrected. As a result, a signal that should be present, such as the output signal of the correction circuit of FIG. As described above, when there is a signal such as a point light source, there is a problem that the image quality is deteriorated and a good image cannot be obtained.

【0012】本発明はこのような従来の問題点を解決す
るものであり、簡単な構成で信号とキズを精度良く判別
し、キズについてのみ補正を行い、点光源のような信号
を含む画像においても、本来の画質を劣化させることな
く、良好な画像を得ることができる画素欠陥補正装置を
提供するものである。
The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems. In an image including a signal such as a point light source, a signal and a flaw are accurately discriminated with a simple structure and only the flaw is corrected. Also, the present invention provides a pixel defect correction device capable of obtaining a good image without deteriorating the original image quality.

【0013】[0013]

【問題を解決するための手段】本発明の画素欠陥補正装
置は、固体撮像素子と、固体撮像素子の各画素を順次走
査し読み出された信号をサンプリングするサンプリング
回路とを有する撮像装置と、第1の画素の値と、隣接す
る第2、第3の画素の値と、第2、第3の画素に隣接し
第1の画素から離れた側にある第4、第5の画素の値を
抽出する抽出回路と、抽出された画素値を演算処理する
演算回路とからなり画素欠陥を検出する検出回路と、検
出回路の出力信号により制御される補正回路とからなる
ことを特徴とする画素欠陥補正装置である。
A pixel defect correction apparatus according to the present invention is an image pickup apparatus having a solid-state image pickup element, and a sampling circuit for sequentially scanning each pixel of the solid-state image pickup element and sampling a read signal. The value of the first pixel, the value of the adjacent second and third pixels, and the value of the fourth and fifth pixels adjacent to the second and third pixels and on the side away from the first pixel A pixel characterized by comprising a detection circuit for extracting a pixel defect, a detection circuit for detecting a pixel defect, and a correction circuit controlled by an output signal of the detection circuit. It is a defect correction device.

【0014】[0014]

【作用】本発明によれば、点光源のような信号において
も従来のように誤検出、誤補正を行わず、信号とキズを
区別し、キズを精度良く検出できるため、キズについて
のみ補正を行い、本来の画質を劣化させることなく、良
好な画像を得ることができる。
According to the present invention, even if a signal such as a point light source is not erroneously detected or erroneously corrected as in the prior art, the signal and the flaw can be distinguished and the flaw can be accurately detected. Therefore, only the flaw is corrected. By doing so, a good image can be obtained without deteriorating the original image quality.

【0015】[0015]

【実施例】(実施例1)以下、本発明の第1の実施例に
ついて図面を参照して説明する。
(Embodiment 1) A first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

【0016】本発明の第1の実施例の全体ブロック図を
図1に示す。入射光はレンズ101、光学LPF102
を経由しCCD103に到達し、CCD103により光
電変換され、CDS回路104、AD変換器105を介
し、デジタル信号に変換される。この信号より検出回路
106でキズを検出し、検出信号を出力する。この検出
信号により補正回路107を制御する。
An overall block diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. The incident light is a lens 101 and an optical LPF 102.
It reaches the CCD 103 via the, and is photoelectrically converted by the CCD 103, and is converted into a digital signal via the CDS circuit 104 and the AD converter 105. The detection circuit 106 detects a flaw from this signal and outputs a detection signal. The correction circuit 107 is controlled by this detection signal.

【0017】本発明の第1の実施例の検出回路のブロッ
ク図を図2に示す。このブロック図では以下の動作を行
う。まずFF1〜4により注目画素とその前後、および
さらにその前後の計5画素の画素データyn-2,yn-1
n,yn+1,yn+2を抽出する。ここで、FF1〜4の
クロックはCCDのクロックと同じfCKである。これら
の画素データに対し、加算器11〜16、コンパレータ
21〜24を用い下記の演算を行う。
A block diagram of the detection circuit of the first embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. The following operations are performed in this block diagram. First, the pixel data y n-2 , y n-1 , of a total of 5 pixels before and after the pixel of interest, and further before and after it by the FF1 to FF4.
Extract y n , y n + 1 , and y n + 2 . The clock of FF1~4 is the same f CK as CCD clock. The following calculations are performed on these pixel data using the adders 11 to 16 and the comparators 21 to 24.

【0018】 yn−yn-1>a1 (1) yn−yn+1>a2 (2) a1= a2=a(>0) yn-1<b1(yn+yn-2)/2 (3) yn+1<b2(yn+yn-2)/2 (4) b1=b2=b=1/2 式(1),(2)では、注目画素が周辺画素に対して一
定値以上突出しているという条件を満たすことを判定す
る。これにより、キズであるための必要条件を満たすこ
とを判定しており、点光源も含まれる。a1,a2は突出
量が一定値以上であることを判定するためのしきい値で
あり、ここではa1=a2=a(>0)としている。これ
らの演算を加算器11,12,比較回路21,22を用
いて行っている。
Y n −y n−1 > a 1 (1) y n −y n + 1 > a 2 (2) a 1 = a 2 = a (> 0) y n−1 <b 1 (y n + Y n-2 ) / 2 (3) y n + 1 <b 2 (y n + y n-2 ) / 2 (4) b 1 = b 2 = b = 1/2 In equations (1) and (2), Then, it is determined that the condition that the pixel of interest protrudes from the peripheral pixels by a certain value or more is satisfied. From this, it is determined that the necessary condition for the scratch is satisfied, and the point light source is also included. a 1 and a 2 are threshold values for determining that the protrusion amount is a certain value or more, and here, a 1 = a 2 = a (> 0). These calculations are performed using the adders 11 and 12 and the comparison circuits 21 and 22.

【0019】式(3),(4)では、隣接する前後の画
素データが一定のレベル以上あるという条件を満たすこ
とを判定する。これによりキズと点光源の区別を行って
いる。b1、b2は隣接する前後の画素データの突出量を
判定するためのしきい値を決めるための係数である。こ
こでは、しきい値を、式(3),(4)の右辺のように
設定している。b1,b2を注目画素データと1個おいて
前後の画素データとの平均に掛け、しきい値を算出して
いる。b1,b2は一例として、b1=b2=b=1/2と
設定してある。これらの演算を加算器13,14,1
5,16、比較回路23,24を用いて行っている。
In equations (3) and (4), it is determined that the condition that the pixel data before and after the adjacent pixel has a certain level or more is satisfied. This distinguishes between scratches and point light sources. b 1 and b 2 are coefficients for determining the threshold value for determining the protrusion amount of the pixel data before and after the adjacent pixel data. Here, the threshold value is set as shown on the right side of Expressions (3) and (4). The threshold value is calculated by multiplying b 1 and b 2 by the average of the pixel data of interest and the preceding and following pixel data. As an example, b 1 and b 2 are set to b 1 = b 2 = b = 1/2. These operations are performed by the adders 13, 14, 1
5, 16 and the comparison circuits 23 and 24.

【0020】以上の4個の比較回路による各1ビットに
出力判定出力のANDを取り、上記の4式をすべて満た
すことを判定する。4式をすべて満たすときキズと判定
し、検出回路106より検出信号を出力し、補正回路1
07に補正信号を出力するよう制御する。
The output judgment output is ANDed with each 1 bit by the above four comparison circuits, and it is judged that all of the above four expressions are satisfied. When all four expressions are satisfied, it is determined that there is a flaw, the detection circuit 106 outputs a detection signal, and the correction circuit 1
Control is performed to output a correction signal to 07.

【0021】本発明の第1の実施例の補正回路のブロッ
ク図を図3に示す。入力された信号はFF5,6を通
り、中央の注目画素の値とその前後の画素値を抽出す
る。ここで、FF5,6のクロックはfCKである。注目
画素の前後の画素値からこれらの平均値を求め補正信号
としている。検出回路の検出出力に従い、通常は中央の
注目画素の値を、キズと判定した場合は補正信号を出力
する。また検出回路との時間合わせは必要に応じ行うも
のとする。
FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of the correction circuit according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The input signal passes through the FFs 5 and 6, and the value of the pixel of interest in the center and the pixel values before and after it are extracted. Here, the clock of the FFs 5 and 6 is f CK . An average value of these pixel values before and after the pixel of interest is calculated and used as a correction signal. According to the detection output of the detection circuit, normally, the value of the pixel of interest in the center is output, and when it is determined that there is a flaw, a correction signal is output. In addition, time adjustment with the detection circuit is performed as necessary.

【0022】(実施例2)以下、本発明の第2の実施例
について図面を参照して説明する。本発明の第2の実施
例の全体ブロック図を図5に示す。入射光はレンズ50
1、光学LPF502を経由し、プリズム503によ
り、R,G,Bの各色信号に分離され、それぞれに対応
したCCD504,505,506に到達する。GのC
CD504に対し、R,BのCCD505,506は水
平方向に半画素ずれた位置に配置されている。これらの
CCDにより光電変換され、CDS回路507,50
8,509、AD変換器510,511,512を介
し、デジタル信号に変換される。この信号より検出回路
513でキズを検出し、検出信号を出力する。この検出
信号により補正回路514を制御する。
(Second Embodiment) A second embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. A general block diagram of the second embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. The incident light is the lens 50
1. The signal passes through the optical LPF 502 and is separated into R, G, and B color signals by the prism 503 and reaches the CCDs 504, 505, and 506 corresponding to the respective color signals. C of G
R and B CCDs 505 and 506 are arranged at positions shifted by half a pixel in the horizontal direction with respect to the CD 504. Photoelectric conversion is performed by these CCDs, and the CDS circuits 507 and 50
8, 509 and AD converters 510, 511, 512, and converted into digital signals. The detection circuit 513 detects a flaw from this signal and outputs a detection signal. The correction circuit 514 is controlled by this detection signal.

【0023】本発明の第2の実施例の検出回路のブロッ
ク図を図6に示す。G信号に対し、R,B信号は同じ関
係にあるため、ここでは、検出回路にG信号とR信号が
入力された場合について示してある。このブロック図で
は以下の動作を行う。まず入力したG信号とR信号はC
CDのクロックと同じfCKで動作するFF51,52を
通り、2fCKで動作するセレクタ40により2fCKレー
トでG,R信号のシリアル信号に変換される、その後、
FF1〜4により注目画素として例えばG信号とする
と、G信号gnとその半画素前後のR信号rn-0.5、r
n+0.5、および1画素前後のgn-1、gn+1の計5画素の
画素2を抽出する。ここでは、FF1〜4のクロック
は、2fCKである。これらの画素データに対し、加算器
11〜16、比較回路21〜24を用い下記の演算を行
う。
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of the detection circuit according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Since the R signal and the B signal have the same relationship with the G signal, the case where the G signal and the R signal are input to the detection circuit is shown here. The following operations are performed in this block diagram. First, the input G and R signals are C
As a FF51,52 operating at the same f CK and CD clock, G at 2f CK rate by a selector 40 which operates at 2f CK, and is converted into a serial signal of R signal, then,
Assuming that a pixel of interest is a G signal by the FFs 1 to 4, the G signal g n and the R signals r n -0.5 and r before and after the half pixel thereof are used.
n + 0.5, and 1 pixel around g n-1, to extract g n + 1 of the total of five pixels of the pixel 2. Here, the clock of FF1 to 4 is 2f CK . The following calculations are performed on these pixel data by using the adders 11 to 16 and the comparison circuits 21 to 24.

【0024】 gn−gn-1>a1 (5) gn−gn+1>a2 (6) a1=a2=a(>0) rn-0.5<b1(gn+gn-1)/2 (7) rn+0.5<b2(gn+gn+1)/2 (8) b1=b2=b=1/2 式(5),(6)では、注目画素が周辺画素に対して一
定値以上突出しているという条件を満たすことを判定す
る。これにより、キズであるための必要条件を満たすこ
とを判定しており、点光源も含まれる。a1、a2は突出
量が一定値以上であることを判定するためのしきい値で
あり、ここではa1=a2=a(>0)としている。これ
らの演算を加算器11,12,比較回路21,22を用
いて行っている。
G n -g n-1 > a 1 (5) g n -g n + 1 > a 2 (6) a 1 = a 2 = a (> 0) r n-0.5 <b 1 (g n + G n-1 ) / 2 (7) r n + 0.5 <b 2 (g n + g n + 1 ) / 2 (8) b 1 = b 2 = b = 1/2 In equations (5) and (6), Then, it is determined that the condition that the pixel of interest protrudes from the peripheral pixels by a certain value or more is satisfied. From this, it is determined that the necessary condition for the scratch is satisfied, and the point light source is also included. a 1 and a 2 are threshold values for determining that the protrusion amount is a certain value or more, and here, a 1 = a 2 = a (> 0). These calculations are performed using the adders 11 and 12 and the comparison circuits 21 and 22.

【0025】式(7),(8)では、隣接する前後の画
素データが一定のレベル以上あるという条件を満たすこ
とを判定する。これによりキズと点光源の区別を行って
いる。b1、b2は隣接する前後の画素データの突出量を
判定するためのしきい値を決めるための係数である。こ
こでは、しきい値を、式(7),(8)の右辺のように
設定している。b1,b2を注目画素データと1個おいて
前後の画素データとの平均に掛け、しきい値を算出して
いる。b1,b2は一例として、b1=b2=b=1/2と
設定してある。これらの演算を加算器13,14,1
5,16、比較回路23,24を用いて行っている。
In equations (7) and (8), it is determined that the condition that the pixel data before and after the adjacent pixels have a certain level or more is satisfied. This distinguishes between scratches and point light sources. b 1 and b 2 are coefficients for determining the threshold value for determining the protrusion amount of the pixel data before and after the adjacent pixel data. Here, the threshold value is set as in the right side of Expressions (7) and (8). The threshold value is calculated by multiplying b 1 and b 2 by the average of the pixel data of interest and the preceding and following pixel data. As an example, b 1 and b 2 are set to b 1 = b 2 = b = 1/2. These operations are performed by the adders 13, 14, 1
5, 16 and the comparison circuits 23 and 24.

【0026】以上の4個の比較回路による各1ビットに
出力判定出力のANDを取り、上記の4式をすべて満た
すことを判定する。4式をすべて満たすときキズと判定
し、検出回路より検出信号を出力し、補正回路に補正信
号を出力するよう制御する。
The output judgment output is ANDed with each 1 bit by the above four comparison circuits, and it is judged that all of the above four expressions are satisfied. When all of the four expressions are satisfied, it is determined that there is a flaw, the detection circuit outputs a detection signal, and the correction circuit outputs the correction signal.

【0027】本発明の第2の実施例の補正回路のブロッ
ク図を図7に示す。入力された信号はFF5,6,7,
8を通り、中央の注目画素の値とその1画素前後の画素
値を抽出する。ここで、FF5〜8のクロックはfCK
ある。注目画素の1画素前後の画素値からこれらの平均
値を求め補正信号としている。検出回路の検出出力に従
い、キズでないと判定した場合は中央の注目画素の値
を、キズと判定した場合は補正信号を出力する。また検
出回路との時間合わせは必要に応じ行うものとする。
FIG. 7 shows a block diagram of a correction circuit according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The input signal is FF5, 6, 7,
The value of the pixel of interest in the center and the pixel values of one pixel before and after that pixel are extracted through 8. Here, the clock of FF5~8 is f CK. The average value of these values is obtained from the pixel values of one pixel before and after the pixel of interest and used as the correction signal. According to the detection output of the detection circuit, when it is determined that there is no flaw, the value of the pixel of interest in the center is output, and when it is determined that there is a flaw, a correction signal is output. In addition, time adjustment with the detection circuit is performed as necessary.

【0028】以上の実施例1,2については、白キズに
ついてのみの説明を行っているが、黒キズについても、
キズの方向が反対であることを考慮し、a1,a2の符
号、不等号の向きを変更することにより、同様に検出が
可能である。
In the first and second embodiments described above, only white scratches are described, but black scratches are also described.
The same detection can be performed by changing the signs of a 1 and a 2 and the direction of the inequality sign considering that the directions of the scratches are opposite.

【0029】また、以上の実施例については、水平方向
についてのみの説明を行っているが、垂直方向について
も同様であり、水平方向、垂直方向の両方を組み合わせ
た処理も可能である。
In the above embodiment, only the horizontal direction has been described, but the same applies to the vertical direction, and processing in which both the horizontal direction and the vertical direction are combined is also possible.

【0030】[0030]

【発明の効果】以上の説明より明らかなように、本発明
によれば、点光源のような信号においても従来のように
誤検出、誤補正を行わず、信号とキズを区別し、キズを
精度良く検出できるため、キズについてのみ補正を行
い、本来の画質を劣化させることなく、良好な画像を得
ることができる。
As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, even in the case of a signal such as a point light source, the signal and the flaw are distinguished from each other without the erroneous detection and correction as in the conventional case, and the flaw is detected. Since it can be detected with high accuracy, only a flaw is corrected, and a good image can be obtained without deteriorating the original image quality.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図1】本発明の第1の実施例の画素欠陥補正装置の全
体構成のブロック図
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an overall configuration of a pixel defect correction device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

【図2】本発明の第1の実施例の画素欠陥補正装置の検
出回路のブロック図
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a detection circuit of the pixel defect correction device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

【図3】本発明の第1の実施例の画素欠陥補正装置の補
正回路のブロック図
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a correction circuit of the pixel defect correction device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

【図4】本発明の第1の実施例における信号波形FIG. 4 is a signal waveform according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

【図5】本発明の第2の実施例の画素欠陥補正装置の全
体構成のブロック図
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the overall configuration of a pixel defect correction device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

【図6】本発明の第2の実施例の画素欠陥補正装置の検
出回路のブロック図
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a detection circuit of a pixel defect correction device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

【図7】本発明の第2の実施例の画素欠陥補正装置の補
正回路のブロック図
FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a correction circuit of a pixel defect correction device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

【図8】本発明の第2の実施例のおける信号波形FIG. 8 is a signal waveform according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

【図9】従来の画素欠陥補正装置の検出回路のブロック
FIG. 9 is a block diagram of a detection circuit of a conventional pixel defect correction device.

【図10】従来の画素欠陥補正装置の信号波形FIG. 10 is a signal waveform of a conventional pixel defect correction device.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

103 CCD 105 A/D変換器 106 検出回路 107 補正回路 103 CCD 105 A / D converter 106 detection circuit 107 correction circuit

Claims (5)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 固体撮像素子と、固体撮像素子の各画素
を順次走査し読み出された信号をサンプリングするサン
プリング回路とを有する撮像装置と、 第1の画素の値と、隣接する第2,第3の画素の値と、
第2,第3の画素に隣接し第1の画素から離れた側にあ
る第4,第5の画素の値を抽出する抽出回路と、抽出さ
れた画素値を演算処理する演算回路とからなり画素欠陥
を検出する検出回路と、 検出回路の出力信号により制御される補正回路とからな
ることを特徴とする画素欠陥補正装置。
1. An imaging device having a solid-state imaging device, a sampling circuit for sequentially scanning each pixel of the solid-state imaging device and sampling a signal read out, a value of a first pixel, and a second adjacent pixel. The value of the third pixel,
The extraction circuit includes an extraction circuit that extracts the values of the fourth and fifth pixels that are adjacent to the second and third pixels and that is located away from the first pixel, and an arithmetic circuit that arithmetically processes the extracted pixel values. A pixel defect correction device comprising a detection circuit for detecting a pixel defect and a correction circuit controlled by an output signal of the detection circuit.
【請求項2】 演算回路が、第1の画素の値と第4の画
素の値との差、第1の画素の値と第5の画素の値の差を
求め、それぞれ一定値と比較する第1,第2の演算処理
回路と、 第2の画素の値を、第1,第4の画素の値を演算処理し
た値と比較する第3の演算処理回と、 第3の画素の値を、第1,第5の画素の値を演算処理し
た値と比較する第4の演算処理回路とからなることを特
徴とする上記第1項の画素欠陥補正装置。
2. An arithmetic circuit obtains the difference between the value of the first pixel and the value of the fourth pixel and the difference between the value of the first pixel and the value of the fifth pixel, and compares them with a constant value. A first and second arithmetic processing circuit, a third arithmetic processing time for comparing the value of the second pixel with a value obtained by arithmetically processing the value of the first and fourth pixels, and a value of the third pixel And a fourth arithmetic processing circuit for comparing the values of the first and fifth pixels with the arithmetically processed values, the pixel defect correcting apparatus according to the first item.
【請求項3】 第1の固体撮像素子に対し第2の固体撮
像素子が半画素ずれた位置に配値された複数の固体撮像
素子と、固体撮像素子の各画素を順次走査し読み出され
た信号をサンプルするサンプリング回路とを有する固体
撮像装置と、 第1の固体撮像素子の画素の値と、第2の固体撮像素子
の画素の値とを抽出する抽出回路と、抽出された画素値
を演算処理する演算回路からなり画素欠陥を検出する検
出回路と、 検出回路の出力信号より制御される補正回路とからなる
ことを特徴とする画素欠陥補正装置。
3. A plurality of solid-state image pickup devices in which the second solid-state image pickup device is shifted by half a pixel with respect to the first solid-state image pickup device, and each pixel of the solid-state image pickup device is sequentially scanned and read. A solid-state imaging device having a sampling circuit that samples the generated signal, an extraction circuit that extracts the pixel value of the first solid-state imaging device, and the pixel value of the second solid-state imaging device, and the extracted pixel value A pixel defect correction device comprising a detection circuit configured to perform a calculation process for detecting a pixel defect and a correction circuit controlled by an output signal of the detection circuit.
【請求項4】 抽出回路が、第1の固体撮像素子の第1
の画素の値と、第1の画素に半画素隣接する第2の固体
撮像素子の第2,第3の画素の値と、第1の画素に隣接
する第1の固体撮像素子の第4,第5の画素の値とを抽
出する抽出回路からなることを特徴とする上記第3項の
画素欠陥補正装置。
4. The extraction circuit includes a first solid-state image pickup device,
Value of the pixel, the value of the second and third pixels of the second solid-state image sensor that is half-pixel adjacent to the first pixel, and the fourth value of the first solid-state image sensor that is adjacent to the first pixel. The pixel defect correction device according to the above-mentioned item 3, comprising an extraction circuit for extracting the value of the fifth pixel.
【請求項5】 演算回路が、第1の画素の値と第4の画
素の値との差、第1の画素の値と第5の画素の値の差を
求め、それぞれ一定値と比較する第1,第2の演算処理
回路と、 第2の画素の値を、第1,第4の画素の値を演算処理し
た値と比較する第3の演算処理回と、 第3の画素の値を、第1,第5の画素の値を演算処理し
た値と比較する第4の演算処理回路からなることを特徴
とする上記第4項の画素欠陥補正装置。
5. An arithmetic circuit obtains the difference between the value of the first pixel and the value of the fourth pixel and the difference between the value of the first pixel and the value of the fifth pixel, and compares them with a constant value. A first and second arithmetic processing circuit, a third arithmetic processing time for comparing the value of the second pixel with a value obtained by arithmetically processing the value of the first and fourth pixels, and a value of the third pixel Is comprised of a fourth arithmetic processing circuit for comparing the values of the first and fifth pixels with arithmetically processed values, and the pixel defect correction device according to the fourth item.
JP5000530A 1993-01-06 1993-01-06 Pixel defect correction device Expired - Fee Related JP2882227B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP5000530A JP2882227B2 (en) 1993-01-06 1993-01-06 Pixel defect correction device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP5000530A JP2882227B2 (en) 1993-01-06 1993-01-06 Pixel defect correction device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH06205302A true JPH06205302A (en) 1994-07-22
JP2882227B2 JP2882227B2 (en) 1999-04-12

Family

ID=11476334

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP5000530A Expired - Fee Related JP2882227B2 (en) 1993-01-06 1993-01-06 Pixel defect correction device

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2882227B2 (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1343311A2 (en) 2002-03-04 2003-09-10 plettac AG Method and apparatus for compensating defective pixels of a CCD sensor
US6985180B2 (en) * 2001-06-19 2006-01-10 Ess Technology, Inc. Intelligent blemish control algorithm and apparatus
US7164497B2 (en) 2000-06-20 2007-01-16 Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. Color image processing apparatus
JP2013258596A (en) * 2012-06-13 2013-12-26 Denso Corp Image pick-up device
US10536655B2 (en) 2016-11-24 2020-01-14 Ricoh Company, Ltd. Photoelectric conversion device, image forming apparatus, photoelectric conversion method, and non-transitory recording medium

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7164497B2 (en) 2000-06-20 2007-01-16 Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. Color image processing apparatus
US6985180B2 (en) * 2001-06-19 2006-01-10 Ess Technology, Inc. Intelligent blemish control algorithm and apparatus
EP1343311A2 (en) 2002-03-04 2003-09-10 plettac AG Method and apparatus for compensating defective pixels of a CCD sensor
EP1343311A3 (en) * 2002-03-04 2006-10-04 Funkwerk plettac electronic GmbH Method and apparatus for compensating defective pixels of a CCD sensor
JP2013258596A (en) * 2012-06-13 2013-12-26 Denso Corp Image pick-up device
US10536655B2 (en) 2016-11-24 2020-01-14 Ricoh Company, Ltd. Photoelectric conversion device, image forming apparatus, photoelectric conversion method, and non-transitory recording medium

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