JPH061922B2 - Vehicle retarder - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a vehicle retarder, and in particular, the retarder is composed of a generator, and the work performed from the outside when the generator generates power is used as a braking force. The present invention relates to a retarder for a vehicle.

[Outline of Invention]

According to the present invention, an output coil of a generator that constitutes a retarder is connected to a capacitor to form a resonance circuit, the braking torque is adjusted by utilizing the resonance characteristic of the resonance circuit, and the engine speed changes according to the resonance characteristic. When deviation from the predetermined number of revolutions or more, a corresponding display is provided by the display means, and appropriate processing can be performed when the retarder braking force is insufficient or excessive. It is a thing.

[Conventional technology]

Cars are generally equipped with service brakes,
The service brake is activated by depressing the brake pedal provided in the driver's seat to brake and decelerate the vehicle. However, when a truck or bus is large and has a large weight, a high braking force is required. Therefore, it has been attempted to equip a vehicle with a retarder in order to supplement the service brake. As shown in Japanese Patent Application No. 58-74765, the retarder is composed of an inductor type generator, and when the generator generates electric power, the work done from the outside is absorbed as a braking force. . By providing such a retarder, the vehicle can be braked more reliably.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

When the retarder composed of such a generator is operated, if the relationship between the vehicle speed and the transmission gear ratio at that time is improper, the desired braking force cannot be obtained and the engine speed increases. Or the braking force may be excessive and the rotation speed may drop more than necessary. In order to display such an improper case, it is necessary to detect the vehicle speed, the transmission gear ratio, the retarder position, and the like.

The present invention has been made in view of these problems, and it is possible to ensure that when the braking force of the retarder is inappropriate without detecting the vehicle speed, the gear ratio of the transmission, the position of the retarder, and the like. It is an object of the present invention to provide a retarder for a vehicle that can be displayed on the vehicle.

[Means for solving problems]

The present invention is a vehicle retarder having a generator, a load resistor, a plurality of capacitors, a plurality of switches, a controller and a display means, wherein the rotor has a rotor linked to a power line, The load resistance consumes the generated output of the generator, the capacitors are connected in parallel with the generator armature coils of the generator to form a resonance circuit, and the switches are connected in series with the corresponding capacitors. The display means indicates that the braking force of the generator is insufficient or excessive, and the controller controls the switch and the display means. A capacitor having a capacity corresponding to the number is selected by a switch, and when the number of revolutions of the engine becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined number of revolutions, the corresponding display is made by the display means. The present invention relates to a vehicle retarder.

[Action]

The controller receives the engine speed signal,
The braking force corresponding to this rotation speed is calculated, and the resonance characteristic suitable for this is selected. Then, a plurality of switches are opened and closed so as to have such resonance characteristics, and a capacitor having a corresponding capacity, which constitutes a resonance circuit together with the power-generating armature coil, is selected by these switches. If the engine speed deviates above a predetermined speed and deviates from the initial braking force,
This is displayed by the display means and the driver is notified.

〔Example〕

FIG. 1 shows an engine 1 provided with a retarder according to an embodiment of the present invention. The engine 1 is composed of, for example, a diesel engine for trucks. On the back side of this engine 1 is a flywheel housing 2
Is provided. At the top and bottom of the housing 2, a case 8 of a stator of an inductor generator, which will be described later, is attached. Further, a transmission 5 is arranged on the back side of the flywheel housing 2 so that the rotation speed of the engine 1 can be changed to an appropriate value and transmitted to the drive wheels via a propeller shaft 6.

Next, the structure of the retarder provided in the engine 1 will be described. As shown in FIG. 2, a circle is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the flywheel 4 which is housed in the housing 2 and fixed to the end of the crankshaft 3. Inductor magnetic poles 7 are provided at a predetermined pitch along the circumferential direction. The flywheel 4 provided with the magnetic poles 7 constitutes a rotor of an inductor type generator, and the generator constitutes a retarder of an automobile. Cases 8 are provided above and below the housing 2, and the stators of the inductor-type generator are housed in these cases 8.

As shown in FIG. 3, this stator includes a plurality of pole cores 9 arranged in the circumferential direction of the flywheel 4. The lower end of the pole core 9 faces the inductor magnetic pole 7 with a small air gap, and the upper end of the pole core 9 is fixed to the cover plate of the case 8 via a stator yoke 10. An armature coil 11 and a field coil 12 are wound around the pole core 9. The armature coil 11 is wound around the two pole cores 9, while the field coil 12 is wound around the pole cores 9.
One on each.

The field coil 12 on the side of the stator having such a configuration is the first
It is connected to the battery 14 via the controller 13 shown in the drawings and FIG. The controller 13 that controls the field current to the field coil 12 includes the transistor 16 shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, and the transistor 16 is controlled by the controller 13. The controller 13 is further connected to the retarder switch 19 provided in the driver's seat. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the collector of the transistor 16 is connected to the diode 2 so as to short-circuit the field coil 12.
7 is connected.

On the other hand, the armature coil 11 is connected to the load resistor 15. The load resistance 16 is, as shown in FIG.
It is connected to a parallel circuit of a plurality of capacitors 26. Further, the capacitor 26 is connected to the corresponding switches 25, and these switches 25 are controlled by the controller 17. A series resonance circuit is formed by the armature coil 11 and the plurality of capacitors 26, and the capacitance of the capacitor 26 is changed by the switch 25, so that a plurality of resonances as shown in FIG. It is adapted to select one of the characteristics.

Next, the operation of the retarder of the automobile having the above-mentioned structure will be described. For example, when an automobile equipped with this retarder goes down a long slope, the retarder switch 18 provided in the driver's seat is turned on. Then, the transistor 16 of the controller 13 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is switched to the conductive state by the controller 17. Therefore, a field current flows from the battery 14 through the transistor 16 to the field coil 12 of the stator of the inductor-type generator, and the field coil 12 is excited.

When the field coil 12 is excited in this way, the field coil 12 magnetizes two pole cores 9 in opposite directions to each other and the common armature coil 11 is wound, as shown in FIG. The pair of pole cores 9 are magnetized so as to have different polarities. Therefore, at a certain moment, a magnetic circuit 35 as shown by a dotted line in FIG. 3 is formed, and when the flywheel 4 rotates and the inductor magnetic pole 7 moves by an angle corresponding to the pitch of the pole core 9, A magnetic circuit 36 as shown by a chain line in FIG. 3 is formed.

The magnetic fluxes passing through these magnetic circuits 35 and 36 both interlink with the armature coil 11 and the two magnetic circuits 3
The directions of the magnetic fluxes passing through 5 and 36 are mutually inverted. Therefore, due to this change in magnetic flux, the armature coil 11
An electromotive force is induced in this, and this inductor type generator will generate electric power. This means that the engine 1 or the vehicle drives the flywheel 4, and the work done at this time is absorbed as a braking force. Therefore, the vehicle is subjected to a braking force due to the power generation of the inductor-type generator and is decelerated. The power generation output at this time is consumed by the load resistance 15 shown in FIGS. 2 and 4.

As shown in FIG. 4, the armature coil 11 is connected to the load resistor 15 and also to the plurality of capacitors 26 to form a series resonance circuit. By adjusting the capacitance of the capacitor 26 with the switch 25, one of a plurality of resonance characteristics as shown in FIG. 5 is arbitrarily selected. When the retarder switch 18 is turned on, the controller 17 calculates a medium torque corresponding to the rotation speed N ₀ of the engine 1 and selects a resonance characteristic that matches this. Then, based on this selection, the controller 1
7 controls the opening and closing of the switch 25 and selects one of the resonance characteristics. For example, when the engine speed is N ₀ and the retarder switch 18 is turned on, the resonance characteristic shown by the solid line in FIG. 5 is selected. The field current flowing through the field coil 12 at this time is maintained at a constant value by the transistor 16.

If the retarder braking force at this time is appropriate, the rotation speed of the engine 1 will be maintained at a value near N ₀ and will not fluctuate significantly. On the other hand, if the retarder's braking force is insufficient, the engine speed will move to the right on the resonance characteristic line shown in FIG. 5, and the vehicle speed will increase when descending a slope. Become. Therefore, when the engine speed becomes a constant value, for example, ΔN ₁ drastically increases to N ₁ rotation, the controller 17 causes the display means 21 shown in FIG. 1 to indicate “shift down or use foot brake”. It will be displayed. Therefore, the driver changes the gear ratio of the transmission 5 while looking at the display 21, and downshifts. Alternatively, by depressing the foot brake, it becomes possible to suppress the increase in vehicle speed, which compensates for the insufficient braking force of the retarder.

Next, if the retarder braking force at this time is excessive,
The engine speed moves to the left along the resonance characteristic line shown in FIG. So when the rotational speed of the rotational speed becomes small as △ N ₂ engine becomes △ N _2, the controller 17 by the display unit 22, and displays a "shift-up or retarder OFF". Based on this display 22, the driver shifts up the transmission 5 or turns on the retarder switch 18
The FF is set to shut off the retarder. As a result, it is possible to prevent a decrease in the rotation speed of the engine 1 or a decrease in the vehicle speed, and it is possible to prevent the vehicle from traveling with an excessive braking force.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, according to the present invention, the output coil of the generator forming the retarder is connected to the capacitor to form the resonance circuit, the braking characteristic is adjusted by utilizing the resonance characteristic of the resonance circuit, and the engine according to the resonance characteristic When the number of revolutions of is deviated by a predetermined number of revolutions or more, the corresponding display is performed by the display means. Therefore, with such a configuration, it becomes possible to know whether the braking force of the retarder is insufficient or excessive only by detecting the engine speed, and the driver can take appropriate measures by the corresponding display. become.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a vehicle retarder according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an external perspective view of the retarder, FIG. 3 is an enlarged exploded front view of the same, and FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of the retarder. , Fifth
The figure is a graph showing the resonance characteristics of the retarder. The names of the main parts in the drawings are as follows. 1 ... Engine 4 ... Flywheel (Rotor) 7 ... Inductor magnetic pole 8 ... Case (Inductor type generator) 11 ... Armature Coil 12 ... Field coil 15 ... Load resistance 17 ... Controller 21, 22 ... Display means 25 ... Switch 26 ... Capacitor

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A generator (8), a load resistor (15), a plurality of capacitors (26), and a plurality of switches (25).
, Controller (17), and display means (21, 22)
A vehicle retarder having: a generator (8), a rotor (4) of which is interlocked with a power line, a load resistor (15) consuming power output of the generator (8), The capacitor (26) is connected in parallel with the power-generating armature coil (11) of the generator (8) to form a resonance circuit, and the plurality of switches (25) are connected to the corresponding capacitor (2).
6) are connected in series, respectively, and the display means (21, 22) indicates that the braking force of the generator (8) is insufficient or excessive, and the controller (17) controls the switch (25) and the display means (21). , 22) for receiving a rotation speed signal of the engine (1) and selecting a capacitor (26) having a corresponding capacity according to the rotation speed of the engine (1) by a switch (25). , The display means (21, 2) when the rotation speed of the engine (1) exceeds a predetermined rotation speed.
Retarder for vehicles to be displayed according to 2).