JPH06179919A - Apparatus for induction hardening of clank shaft and method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the induction hardening apparatus and an induction hardening method, which are suitable to manufacture middle-class and middle quantity of crank shafts. CONSTITUTION:This apparatus is provided with a crank shaft supporting and rotating device 30 for horizontally supporting and rotating one piece of e.g. the crank shaft W1, a crank shaft horizontal shifting device 40 for shifting the supporting and rotating device 30 in the axial direction of the crank shaft W, a hardening coil lifting device 10. The devices 10 are arranged one by one against various kinds of the pins P1-P4 and the journals J1-J5 being the parts to be hardened along the axial directio of the crank shaft W above the crank shaft W supported by the supporting and the rotating device 30. The device also descends a pin hardening coil CIP, journal hardening coils CIJ1, CIJ3, CIJ5 for crank shaft W executing the jetting of hardening liquid and places them on the part to be hardened, further, ascends and separates them from the part to be hardened.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an induction hardening apparatus for a crankshaft and an induction hardening method for a crankshaft, and in particular, an induction hardening apparatus for a crankshaft suitable for producing a medium quantity crankshaft in a medium quantity. And a method for induction hardening a crankshaft.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there has been no suitable crankshaft induction hardening apparatus and induction hardening method suitable for medium-volume production of medium-sized crankshafts. When quenching a large amount of crankshafts, the following is generally done. That is, if the crankshaft is 4
In the case of a cylinder engine, the quenching device comprises a pin quenching station and a journal quenching station,
The pin hardening station is provided with four pin hardening coils corresponding to each pin, and the journal hardening station is provided with five journal hardening coils corresponding to each journal.

To mass quench the first type of crankshaft, one crankshaft at a time is sent to the pin hardening station to quench all the pins at the same time, and then sent to the journal hardening station. All journals are hardened at the same time and then sent to the next station. In this way, the total number of pins and journals of the first type crankshaft is quenched.

Then, in order to quench the second type crankshaft in a large amount, the pin quenching coil of the pin quenching station and the journal quenching coil of the journal quenching station are respectively replaced with the crankshaft of the second type. After replacing with a pin and journal compatible with
Quench the same as for other types of crankshafts. The same applies to the third and subsequent types of crankshafts.

When quenching a small amount of crankshafts, pins are sequentially quenched on each crankshaft, and then journals are sequentially quenched.

[0006]

When the above-mentioned means for quenching a large amount of crankshafts is applied to quenching of medium-type and medium-volume crankshafts, (1) pin quenching station and journal quenching Since it has two stations, the size of the device is large,
Therefore, the cost of the device is high. (2) At the pin quenching station, pin quenching coils are installed for each crankshaft pin, and at the journal quenching station, journal quenching coils are installed for each crankshaft journal. Therefore, the cost of the quenching coil increases. (3) Since all pins are hardened at the pin hardening station at the same time, and all journals are hardened at the journal hardening station at the same time, a large amount of hardening power is required.
Therefore, the cost of the power source equipment for quenching increases. (4)
It takes time to replace the pin hardening coil and journal hardening coil when the type of crankshaft changes.

Further, when the above-mentioned method of quenching a small amount of crankshafts is applied to quenching of crankshafts of medium-type and medium-volume production, in quenching of each crankshaft, after quenching of pins, Since it is necessary to replace the quenching coil with one for journals, and each time the crankshaft type changes, it is necessary to replace it with a quenching coil corresponding to that type. Even if it is a medium amount, the entire quenching process becomes extremely long.

The present invention was devised in view of the above circumstances, and in quenching all the pins and journals of a medium-type / medium-quantity crankshaft, in terms of equipment cost,
Another object of the present invention is to provide an induction hardening apparatus and an induction hardening method for a crankshaft, which are suitable for the length of the hardening process including the time required to replace the hardening coil.

[0009]

An induction hardening apparatus for a crankshaft according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of types of induction hardening apparatus for a crankshaft having a pin to be hardened and a journal are provided. A crankshaft supporting and rotating device that horizontally supports and rotates a shaft; a crankshaft horizontal moving device that moves the supporting and rotating device in an axial direction of a crankshaft supported by the supporting and rotating device; and a supporting and rotating device. A quenching coil, which is provided above the supported crankshaft and along the axial direction of the crankshaft, one for each type of quenching part and which also injects quenching liquid, and descends each quenching coil. And a quenching coil elevating device that lifts it up and separates it from the quenched portion.

In the induction hardening method for a crankshaft according to a second aspect of the present invention, a plurality of types of crankshafts each having a pin to be hardened and a journal are provided, one for each type of hardened part. A high-frequency induction hardening method for a crankshaft, which quenches using a quenching coil that also injects a liquid, comprising a first step of supporting the crankshaft to be quenched in a rotatable and horizontal manner, and after the first step, The part to be hardened for quenching the horizontally supported crankshaft has the part to be hardened which is to be hardened in the quenching coils which are arranged substantially in the axial direction of the crankshaft substantially above the crankshaft. The second step of moving in the axial direction of the crankshaft until it is below the quenching coil corresponding to the quenching part, and after the second step, the quenching coil corresponding to the quenching part to be quenched is lowered. The third step of raising the quenching coil after the quenching of the hardened portion after placing it on the hardened portion to be hardened and quenching, and the hardened portion to be subsequently hardened after the third step , And a fourth step of quenching by the same steps as the second step and the third step.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an induction hardening apparatus for a crankshaft, wherein a plurality of types of crankshafts each having one type of pin as a hardened portion and two or more types of journals are provided for each type of crankshaft. In a quenching device, a crankshaft supporting and rotating device that horizontally supports and rotates one crankshaft, and a crankshaft horizontal that moves the supporting and rotating device in the axial direction of the crankshaft supported by the supporting and rotating device. A plurality of quenching coils, which are provided substantially above the moving device and the crankshaft supported by the supporting and rotating device and also inject the quenching liquid, and the quenching coils are lowered and placed on the quenching target portion. , A quenching coil elevating device that raises and separates from the quenching target portion, and the quenching coil corresponds to each type of pin. A pin hardening coil sequentially arranged in the axial direction, and journal hardening coils corresponding to each type of journal and divided on both sides of the pin hardening coil and sequentially arranged in the axial direction. There is.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an induction hardening apparatus for a crankshaft, which comprises a plurality of types of induction hardening apparatus for a crankshaft having a pin to be hardened and a journal, wherein one crankshaft is supported horizontally. A crankshaft supporting and rotating device for rotating the crankshaft, a crankshaft horizontal moving device for moving the supporting and rotating device in the axial direction of the crankshaft supported by the supporting and rotating device, and a crankshaft supported by the supporting and rotating device. A group of quenching coils, which are provided substantially one above the other along the axial direction of the crankshaft for each type of crankshaft, one for each type of hardened part and which also injects the quenching liquid. As many quenching coils as the number of types of crankshafts are provided as quenching coils, and each quenching coil is lowered and placed on the quench-hardened part. And a quenching coil lifting apparatus of separating from the the hardened is raised.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a crankshaft induction hardening method, wherein a plurality of types of crankshafts each having a pin to be hardened and a journal are provided for each type of crankshaft. The high frequency of the crankshaft that is hardened by using multiple groups of quenching coils, each of which has the same number of quenching coils as the group of quenching coils that also provides quenching liquid injection. In the quenching method, the first step of supporting the crankshaft to be quenched in a rotatable and horizontal manner, and after the first step, the crankshaft supported horizontally is the portion to be quenched, Out of a group of quenching coils corresponding to the crankshaft to be quenched among the multiple groups of quenching coils which are sequentially arranged substantially above the crankshaft in the axial direction of the crankshaft. A second step of moving in the axial direction of the crankshaft until it is below the quenching coil corresponding to the hardened part to be hardened, and after the second step, quenching corresponding to the hardened part to be hardened. The third step of descending the quenching coil and placing it on the quenching part to be quenched and then raising the quenching coil after quenching the quenching part while rotating the crankshaft, and after the third step, Thereafter, the portion to be quenched is provided with a fourth step of quenching by the steps similar to the second step and the third step.

[0014]

Embodiments of the induction hardening apparatus for a crankshaft according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 9
1 is a drawing for explaining a first embodiment, FIG. 1 is a schematic front explanatory view, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional explanatory view taken along the line XX of FIG.
FIG. 3 is an overall explanatory diagram of the quenching operation of the first type crankshaft, FIG. 4A is an explanatory diagram of stage 1 of the quenching operation, and FIG.
7B is a detailed explanatory view of part of the step 1 of the quenching operation, FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of steps 2 and 3 of the quenching operation, FIG. 6 is an explanatory view of steps 4 and 5 of the quenching operation, and FIG. Is an overall explanatory view of the quenching operation of the second type crankshaft, FIGS. 8 and 9 are explanatory views of a modification of the first embodiment, and FIG. 10 is a schematic front explanatory view of the second embodiment.
FIG. 11 is a front view of two types of crankshafts picked up as works in the first and second embodiments.

This embodiment is an induction hardening apparatus capable of hardening all pins and journals of two kinds of crankshafts. As an example of a work, as shown in FIG. 11, a four cylinder engine is used. First and second types of crankshaft W used and having different shapes and dimensions from each other
I picked up 1 and W2. The total length of the crankshaft W1 is
H1 and the total length of the crankshaft W2 is H2, which is slightly shorter than H1. Hereinafter, when the crankshaft W1 and the crankshaft W2 are collectively referred to, the crankshaft W1
Say.

The crankshaft W1 has one shape,
That is, pins P1 to P4 having the same shape as each other and a width dimension of A and 3
It is equipped with journals J1 to J5 of different shapes, the journals J2 to J4 are isomorphic to each other and the width dimension is B3, but the width dimensions of the journals J1 and J5 are B1 and B5 respectively, and the journals J1 and J5. Is not isomorphic, and neither journal J1 nor J5 is isomorphic to journals J2-J4. The pins P1 to P4 and the journals J1 to J5 are sequentially arranged from the one end (output side) of the crankshaft W1 to the journal J1, pin P1, journal J2, pin P2, journal J3, pin P3,
The journal J4, the pin P4, and the journal J5 are arranged in this order toward the other end. A flange F is formed on the other end of the crankshaft W1. FA is a surface on which the flange F is joined to a device (not shown) (hereinafter referred to as a flange surface).

The distance between the centers of the journal J1 and pin P1 is
C1, pin P1, center of journal J2, journal J2,
Between the centers of pins P2, between the centers of pins P2 and J3,
Center between journal J3 and pin P3, pin P3, journal
The distance between the centers of J4, the journal J4 and the center of the pin P4 is C2, and the distance between the centers of the pin P4 and the journal J5 is C1. The distance between the center of the journal J1 and one end of the crankshaft W1 is C0, and the distance between the center of the journal J5 and the flange surface FA is C3.

The crankshaft W2 has one type of shape,
That is, the pins P1 to P4 having the same shape and the width dimension D and 3
It has journals J1 to J5 of different shapes, the journals J2 to J4 are isomorphic to each other and have a width dimension of E3, but the width dimensions of the journals J1 and J5 are E1 and E5 respectively, and the journals J1 and J5. Is not isomorphic, and neither journal J1 nor J5 is isomorphic to journals J2-J4. The arrangement of the pins P1 to P4 and the journals J1 to J5 and the point that the flange F having the flange surface FA is formed are
It is the same as the crankshaft W1.

The distance between the centers of the journal J1 and pin P1 is
Between F1, pin P1, center of journal J2 and journal J2,
The distance between the centers of pin P2 is F2, the distance between the centers of pin P2 and journal J3 and the distance between the centers of journal J3 and pin P3 are F
3, pin P3, center of journal J4 and journal J4,
The distance between the centers of the pins P4 is F2, and the distance between the centers of the pins P4 and the journal J5 is F4. Also, the distance between the center of the journal J1 and one end of the crankshaft W2 is F0,
The distance between the center of the journal J5 and the flange surface FA is F5.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in the induction hardening apparatus of this embodiment, a crankshaft supporting and rotating device for supporting one crankshaft W horizontally and rotatably and for rotating the crankshaft W is provided. Crankshaft horizontal for moving 30 and the crankshaft supporting and rotating device 30 in the axial direction of the crankshaft W supported by the supporting and rotating device 30 (direction of arrow R and direction of arrow S opposite to arrow R). One for each type of pin or journal of the crankshaft W is provided along the axial direction of the crankshaft W above the moving device 40 and the crankshaft W supported by the crankshaft supporting / rotating device 30, and quenching is performed. Pin quenching coils C1P and C2P that also inject liquid, journal quenching coils C1J1, C1J3, C1J5, C2J1, C2J3, and C2J5 and descending quenching coils Placed on each of the the hardened by, and a hardening coil lifting device 10 is raised to away from the the hardened.

The induction hardening apparatus will be described in detail below.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a crankshaft supporting / rotating device 30 includes a center 31 for rotatably supporting one end of a crankshaft W and a chuck 32 for gripping a flange F at the other end.
, A tailstock 33 and a headstock 34 holding a center 31 and a chuck 32, respectively, and a chuck
A chuck control rotation device that rotates 32 to rotate the crankshaft W and controls gripping by the chuck 32.
35 and. The tail stock 33 and the head stock 34 are disposed above both ends of the common base plate 36, and are advanced and retracted in the axial direction of the crankshaft W by the cylinders 37 and 38, respectively.

The crankshaft horizontal moving device 40 includes a pair of parallel rails 44 fixed on the installation surface 49 of the induction hardening device and a lower surface of the common base plate 36 so as to be slidable on the rails 44. A pair of attached sliders 46 and common base plate 36
A projection 45 provided on the lower surface of the ball screw 41 and a ball screw 41 screwed to the projection 45 and supported at both ends by a pair of bearings 42.
And a motor 43 attached to one bearing 42 for rotating the ball screw 41.

The pin quenching coil C1P, the journal quenching coils C1J1, C1J3, and C1J5 are respectively the pins P1 to P4, the journal J1, and the journal J2 to the crankshaft W1.
A coil for quenching J4 and journal J5, a pin quenching coil C2P, a journal quenching coil C2J1,
C2J3 and C2J5 are the crankshaft W2
Is a coil for quenching pins P1 to P4, journal J1, journals J2 to J4, and journal J5.

These quenching coils are journal quenching coils C1J1, C2J1, C1J3, C2J3, and pins along the axial direction of the crankshaft W from one end side of the crankshaft W supported by the crankshaft supporting / rotating device 30. Quenching coil
C1P, C2P, journal hardening coils C1J5 and C2J5 are arranged in this order. The quenching coils are arranged in this order in order to shorten the moving time of each crankshaft W as much as possible to shorten the quenching process. And, at the upper end of these quenching coils, transformers T1J1, T2J1, T1J3, T2J3, T1P, which supply high-frequency current to each quenching coil,
T2P, T1J5, and T2J5 are installed.

As will be described later, in the induction hardening apparatus of this embodiment, the crankshaft W has pins P1 to P4 and journals.
When quenching J1 to J5, the crankshaft W supported by the crankshaft supporting / rotating device 30 is moved in its axial direction at a predetermined stage of quenching by a pin or journal to be quenched. , Move the pin or journal so that it is directly below the quenching coil for quenching.

That is, as described above, the quenching coil has the journal quenching coils C1J1, C2J1, C1J3 from the one end side of the crankshaft W along the axial direction of the crankshaft W.
C2J3, pin quenching coils C1P and C2P, and journal quenching coils C1J5 and C2J5 are arranged in this order in order to deal with the above-described hardening at each stage.

Further, transformers T1J1, T2J1, T1J3, T2J3, T1P, T2P, T1J5, which have hardening coils attached to the bottom,
And the specific position of T2J5, that is, the crankshaft W
The position of the quenching coil in the axial direction of the crankshaft W1 is set so as to cope with such quenching at each stage.
, C between the pins of W2 and the center of the journal C1 ~ C
3. Determined in consideration of F1 to F4. That is, all the transformers are so-called disc type transformers with a narrow width that can be arranged in the order described above and so that the quenching coil is located right above the pin or journal to be quenched in each stage of quenching. Has been adopted.

In each of the transformers, the quenching coil is lowered together with the transformer to be mounted on the corresponding pin or journal, and the transformer is elevated to separate the quenching coil from the pin or journal. Supported by 50. The power matching board 50 is attached to the installation surface 49 of the induction hardening apparatus via the support legs 51, and receives a high frequency current from a high frequency power source (not shown) and supplies it to each transformer.

Hereinafter, the quenching coil and the quenching coil elevating device 10 will be described with reference to FIG. 2 by taking the journal quenching coil C1J1 as an example. The journal quenching coil C1J1 consists of a semi-open saddle type high frequency induction heating coil (hereinafter the high frequency induction heating coil is simply referred to as a heating coil) 1, an input terminal 3 of the journal quenching coil C1J1, a heating coil 1 and an input terminal 3. Lead 2 that connects the two, a pair of jackets 4 for jetting quenching liquid, heating coil 1, lead 2, input terminal
3, and coil side plate 5 with jacket 4 attached
It has and. A quenching liquid supply pipe (not shown) is connected to the jacket 4. The input terminal 3 is the output terminal 6 of the transformer T1J1 that supplies high frequency current to the heating coil 1.
It is fixedly attached to. In addition, the transformer T1J1 is a top plate 22
It is placed and fixed on a bottom plate 21 suspended from a pantograph 23.

The quenching coil elevating / lowering device 10 has the top plate at one end.
The linear connecting rod 15 is rotatably attached to the protrusion 18 provided on the upper surface of 22 and the protrusion 19 provided on the front surface of the power matching board 50 at the other end. A pulley 11 rotatably attached to a fixed bracket 14, and the pulley 11 is wound around the pulley 11, one end is fixed to the protrusion 18, and the other end is fixed to the top surface of the power matching board 50 via a spring 13. The wire 12, the cylinder 17 mounted vertically on the front surface of the power matching board 50, and the movement of the cylinder 17 cause it to move back and forth in the vertical direction.
Rod 16 whose tip supports the lower part between both ends of the connecting rod 15.
It has and.

Next, a method of quenching the crankshafts W1 and W2 by the induction hardening apparatus of this embodiment will be described. First, it is assumed that the first type crankshaft W1 is quenched. That is, one crankshaft W1 of the first type that has been conveyed by the conveying means (not shown).
1 is fed from the front side to the back side in FIG. 1 and is axially horizontal between the center 31 and the chuck 32 of the crankshaft supporting / rotating device 30 which is waiting in advance at the receiving position U of the induction hardening device. Be delivered as is.

Next, the center 31 and the chuck 32 are advanced by the cylinders 37 and 38, respectively, to rotatably support one end of the crankshaft W1 and the flange F at the other end.
To hold. In this way, the crankshaft W1 held by the center 31 and the chuck 32 is shown in FIGS.
Step 1 of. The crankshaft W1
In the middle of reaching the receiving position U, the crankshaft type is the first type by a known crankshaft type detector (not shown), that is, the crankshaft W
Since it has been detected to be 1, the cylinders 37 and 38 are advanced by a predetermined distance corresponding to the crankshaft W1 to support and grip. The vertical surface which coincides with the flange surface FA of the crankshaft W1 held in this way is hereinafter referred to as a reference surface K.

The operation in each stage of quenching the crankshaft W1 will be described below with reference to FIGS. Figure 4-
In FIG. 6, wide horizontal lines or diagonal lines indicate the operation,
Numerical values shown beside these lines and numerical values shown in the middle of arrows indicate an example of operation time in seconds. A narrow horizontal line indicates that the end state of the previous operation is maintained. The dotted line indicates the transition from one movement to another,
The narrow vertical line is a reference line.

As shown in FIG. 3, the crankshaft W1
In stage 1 in which the flange surface FA of is coincident with the reference surface K,
Quench pin P3, journals J1, J2, and J5 in that order. As shown in FIG. 4, the crankshaft W1 is carried into the receiving position U, and the crankshaft supporting and rotating device 30
After being held by the chuck control rotation device 35, the pin P3 is moved to the top dead center so that the pin hardening coil C1P descends from above and is placed on the pin P3 (pin
P3 position index).

Next, the pin quenching coil C1P and the journal quenching coils C1J1, C1J3, C1J5 are simultaneously lowered by the respective quenching coil elevating / lowering devices 10 to make the pin P3, the journal.
Place on J1, J2, J5. Taking the pin quenching coil C1P as an example, when the cylinder 17 of the quenching coil elevating device 10 for the pin quenching coil C1P is operated to retract the rod 16, the pin quenching coil C1P descends together with the transformer T1P. The heating coil 1 of the pin hardening coil C1P is placed on the pin P3. Then, the rotation of the crankshaft W1 by the chuck control rotation device 35 is immediately started, and the high frequency current generated by the high frequency power source (not shown) starts to be supplied to the heating coil 1 of the pin hardening coil C1P via the transformer T1P, Heating of P3 is started. And pin for a predetermined time
After P3 is heated, pin quench coil C1P jacket 4
The quenching liquid is sprayed onto the pin P3 to cool it, and the quenching of the pin P3 is completed. After that, the pin quenching coil C1P remains mounted on the pin P3 until the quenching of the journal J5 is completed.

When one second has passed after the end of heating of the pin P3 (start of cooling of the pin P3), the heating of the journal J1 is started,
After completion of heating, cooling is continued. The heating of the journal J2 is started 1 second after the heating of the journal J1 is finished, and the cooling is continuously performed after the heating is finished. When 1 second has passed after the heating of the journal J2,
Heating of J5 is started, and after heating is finished, cooling is continued.

As shown in FIG. 4B, the pin P3 is indexed at the end of the cooling period of the journal J5.
That is, when 8 seconds have passed since the cooling of journal J5 started,
Positioning of the pin P3 is started, the pin P3 reaches the top dead center, the rotation of the crankshaft W1 is stopped, and the position indexing is completed. If the rotation speed of the crankshaft W1 is set to be, for example, 30 rpm, this position indexing will be completed within 2 seconds at maximum. Note that the injection of the cooling liquid is continued until the position of the pin P3 is determined. Next, the pin quenching coil C1P and the journal quenching coils C1J1, C1J3, C1J5 are simultaneously raised by the respective quenching coil raising devices 10. Taking the pin hardening coil C1P as an example, the cylinder 17 operates and the rod 16 moves forward, and the transformer T1P becomes the pin hardening coil.
Raised with C1P.

Next, step 2 shown in FIG. 5 is entered. First, the crankshaft W1 supported by the crankshaft supporting / rotating device 30 is activated by starting the motor 43 of the crankshaft horizontal moving device 40 and rotating the ball screw 41.
Is moved in the direction of arrow R by a distance L1 shown in FIG.
Position journal J3 and pin P4 directly under journal quenching coils C1J3 and C1P, respectively. Then, the position of the pin P4 is determined in the same manner as the pin P3 of the stage 1.

Then, the pin quenching coil C1P and the journal quenching coil C1J3 are simultaneously lowered and placed on the pin P4 and the journal J3, respectively, and after the crankshaft W1 starts to rotate, the pin P4 is heated and cooled. I do. The journal quenching coil C1J3 starts heating the journal J3 one second after the heating of the pin P4 is finished, and cools it after the heating is finished. At the end of this cooling period, the position of the pin P4 is indexed and the rotation of the crankshaft W1 is stopped in the same manner as described with reference to FIG. 4B. After this, pin hardening coil
C1P and journal hardening coil C1J3 are raised.

Next, step 3 is entered. The crankshaft W1 is further moved in the direction of the arrow R by the crankshaft horizontal moving device 40 in the direction of the arrow R, and the journal J4 is positioned immediately below the journal hardening coil C1J3. Next, lower the journal quenching coil C1J3 to remove the journal.
Immediately after mounting on J4, the crankshaft W1 starts to rotate, and then the journal J4 is heated and cooled. Then
The journal quenching coil C1J3 is raised and the rotation of the crankshaft W1 is stopped.

After this, step 4 shown in FIG. 6 is entered. The crankshaft W1 is moved by a distance L3 in the direction of the arrow S, and the pin P2 is positioned immediately below the pin hardening coil C1P. Then, after the position of the pin P2 is indexed, the pin quenching coil C1P is lowered and placed on the pin P2, and after the crankshaft W1 starts to rotate, the pin P2 is heated and cooled. At the end of the cooling period of the pin P2, the position of the pin P2 is indexed and the rotation of the crankshaft W1 is stopped. Next, the pin hardening coil C1P is raised.

Next, step 5 is entered. Move the crankshaft W1 further by the distance L4 in the direction of the arrow S to move the pin P1.
Is positioned just below the pin hardening coil C1P. And
After pin P1 position indexing, pin hardening coil C1
After lowering P and placing it on pin P1, crankshaft W1
After starting the rotation of, heat and cool the pin P1. At the end of the cooling period of the pin P1, the position of the pin P1 is indexed and the rotation of the crankshaft W1 is stopped. Then
Raise the pin hardening coil C1P. This completes the hardening of the pins P1 to P4 of the crankshaft W1 and the journals J1 to J5.

After that, the crankshaft W1 is moved to the position before the start of quenching, that is, the flange surface of the crankshaft W1.
After FA is moved in the direction of arrow R by a distance L5 to a position where the FA coincides with the reference plane K, the FA is supported by the conveying means, the center 31 releases the support from one end, and the chuck 32 grasps the other end. And are canceled. Next, by the transfer means, for example, it passes below the power matching board 50 and is moved to the next station.

At the same time, at the receiving position U, the next crankshaft W is moved to the center 31 and the chuck 32 by the conveying means.
It is carried in so that the axial direction is horizontal. And
If the next crankshaft W is the second type of crankshaft W2, the center 31 and the chuck 32 are advanced so that one end is supported by the center 31 and the other end is gripped by the chuck 32 while the flange surface of the crankshaft W2 is held. The center 31 and the chuck 32 are advanced and retracted so that FA coincides with the reference plane K, and the crankshaft W2 is axially positioned. Thus, the state where the crankshaft W2 is held is the stage 1 in FIG.

Next, step 2 is entered. Crankshaft W
2 is moved by a distance M1 in the direction of arrow S to move pin P3, journals J1, J2 and J5, respectively, into a pin hardening coil.
Position directly below C2P, journal quenching coils C2J1, C2J3, and C2J5. Then, similarly to the step 1 of the crankshaft W1, the pin quenching coil C2P, the journal quenching coils C2J1, C2J3, and C2J5 and the quenching coil elevating / lowering device 10 for each quenching coil are operated to move the pin P3, the journal J1, J2 and J5 are hardened. In the step 3, the crankshaft W2 is moved in the direction of the arrow R by the distance M2, and then the pin hardening coil C2P and the journal hardening coil C2J3 are operated by the operation of the pin hardening coil C2P and the journal hardening coil J3 as in the step 2 of the crankshaft W1. Is hardened.

Then, in step 4, the crankshaft W2 is moved in the direction of the arrow R by the distance M3, and then the journal J4 is hardened by the journal hardening coil C2J3 as in step 3 of the crankshaft W1. Thereafter, in step 5, the crankshaft W2 is moved in the direction of the arrow S by the distance M4, and then the crankshaft W2 is moved.
Similar to step 4 of 2, the pin P2 is hardened by the pin hardening coil C2P.

Next, in step 6, the crankshaft W2 is moved in the direction of the arrow S by the distance M5, and then, as in step 5 of the crankshaft W1, the pin hardening coil is moved.
After the pin P1 is hardened by C2P, the arrow R is left for the distance M6.
In the direction of, the flange surface FA is moved to a position that coincides with the reference surface K. After that, the crankshaft W2 is supported by the conveying means, and then the center 31 releases the support at one end and the chuck 32 releases the other end. Then, the carrier is carried out to the next station.

As described above, the crankshaft W is 1
Since all pins and journals are hardened at one station, the induction hardening equipment can be miniaturized. Further, for example, the time from the start of the stage 1 of quenching of the crankshaft W1 to the end of the stage 5 is as follows.
In the case of the example described in (1), it takes 251.5 seconds, and after quenching all the pins P1 to P4 of the crankshaft W1 after replacing the pin quenching coil with the journal quenching coil as in the conventional case. Compared to the case of quenching all journals J1 to J5, it does not require time to replace the quenching coil.
Extremely short.

Next, as a first modification of the first embodiment, an induction hardening apparatus for hardening three types of crankshafts using one crankshaft supporting and rotating device 30 will be described with reference to FIG. To do. FIG. 8A is a plan view of the induction hardening apparatus shown in FIG. 1 of the first embodiment, and for convenience of understanding, the center 31, the chuck 32, and the tailstock of the crankshaft supporting / rotating apparatus 30 are shown. Only 33, headstock 34, common base plate 36, pin hardening coils C1P, C2P, journal hardening coils C1J1, C1J3, C1J5, C2J5 are shown. 8B and 8C are illustrated in the same manner.

For example, as shown in FIG. 8 (b), the induction hardening apparatus for four types of crankshafts includes the induction hardening apparatus of the first embodiment and a first induction hardening apparatus in parallel with the induction hardening apparatus.
And 3rd and 4th type cranks corresponding to the journal hardening coils C1J1, C2J1, C1J3, C2J3, pin hardening coils C1P, C2P, journal hardening coils C1J5 and C2J5 of the 2nd type crankshafts W1 and W2, respectively. The shaft has journal hardening coils C3J1, C4J1, C3J3, C4J3, pin hardening coils C3P, C4P, journal hardening coils C3J5 and C4J5.

Then, the crankshaft supporting and rotating device 30
The type of crankshaft supported by the first or second
If it is of a type, the crankshaft is quenched as in the first embodiment. If the crankshaft is the third or fourth type, the journal hardening coils C3J1, C4J1, C3J3, C4 after moving the crankshaft supporting and rotating device 30 in the direction of the arrow Y1.
J3, pin hardening coil C3P, C4P, journal hardening coil
Quench with C3J5 and C4J5.

As a second variation of the first embodiment, five types of crankshaft induction hardening apparatus will be described. As shown in FIG. 8 (c), this quenching apparatus is the same as the quenching apparatus shown in FIG. 8 (b) except for the fifth type crankshaft journal quenching coils C5J1, C5J3, pin quenching coil C5P, and The addition of the journal quenching coil C5J5, these quenching coils are a quenching coil for the first type crankshaft and an extension line of the quenching coil for the first and second types crankshafts. They are arranged at the same intervals.

When the crankshaft supported by the crankshaft supporting / rotating device 30 is of the third or fourth type, quenching may be performed in the same manner as in the device shown in FIG. 8B, and when it is of the fifth type, quenching may be performed. After moving the crankshaft supporting / rotating device 30 in the direction of the arrow Y2, quenching is performed by the journal hardening coils C5J1, C5J3, the pin hardening coil C5P, and the journal hardening coil C5J5.

As a third modified example of the first embodiment, an induction hardening apparatus will be described in which two crankshaft supporting / rotating devices 30 are provided in order to accommodate eight types of crankshafts. In this device, as shown in FIG. 9, two crankshaft supporting / rotating devices 30a and 30b are arranged in parallel. Then, above the crankshaft supporting and rotating device 30a, the first and second types of crankshaft journal hardening coils C1J1, C2J1, C1J3, C2J3, and pin hardening coil C1 are provided.
P, C2P, journal quenching coils C1J5 and C2J5 are arranged, and the journal quenching coils C3J1, C4J of the 3rd and 4th types of crankshafts are provided on the extension lines of these quenching coils.
1, C3J3, C4J3, pin hardening coils C3P, C4P, journal hardening coils C3J5 and C4J5 are arranged.

Further, the crankshaft supporting / rotating device 30b
5th and 6th type crankshaft journal hardening coils C5J1, C6J1, C5J3, C6J3, pin hardening coils C5P, C6P, journal hardening coils C5J5 and C6J5
Is installed on the extension line of these quenching coils, and journal quenching coils C7J of the 7th and 8th types of crankshafts.
1, C8J1, C7J3, C8J3, pin hardening coils C7P, C8P, journal hardening coils C7J5 and C8J5 are arranged.

When the crankshaft is held horizontally in a direction perpendicular to the arrow Y1 and the crankshaft moved in the direction of the arrow Y1 is of the first or second type, the crankshaft is supported by the crankshaft supporting / rotating device 30a. Then first
Quenching is performed as in the example. When the crankshaft is the fifth or sixth type, the journal hardening coil C5J1, C6J1, C5J3, C6J3 and the pin hardening coil C5P are supported by the crankshaft supporting / rotating device 30b in the same manner as in the first embodiment. , C6P, Journal Hardening Coil C5J5 and C6J5
Quench by.

When the crankshaft is of the third or fourth type, the crankshaft supporting / rotating device 30a supports the crankshaft, and the crankshaft supporting / rotating device 30 is cranked by a crankshaft horizontal moving device (not shown in FIG. 9). It moves in the axial direction of the shaft and is hardened by the journal hardening coils C3J1, C4J1, C3J3, C4J3, pin hardening coils C3P, C4P, journal hardening coils C3J5 and C4J5.

Further, the crankshaft is the seventh or the eighth.
When the type is crankshaft support rotation device 30
After supporting the crankshaft with b, use the crankshaft horizontal movement device to
Move b in the axial direction of the crankshaft to remove the journal hardening coil C7J1, C8J1, C7J3, C8J3, pin hardening coil C7P.
, C8P, journal quenching coils C7J5 and C8J5.

The induction hardening apparatus for the crankshaft of the second embodiment will be described below. In the apparatus of the second embodiment, the arrangement of the quenching coils, and therefore the arrangement of the transformers, is arranged collectively for each type of crankshaft.
This is different from the induction hardening apparatus of the first embodiment shown in FIG. Since the other points are the same as those in the first embodiment, description thereof will be omitted.

That is, as shown in FIG. 10, the quenching coil arrangement of the induction hardening apparatus of the second embodiment is such that the pin quenching for the crankshaft W1 is performed from the center 31 along the axial direction of the crankshaft W1. Input coil C1P, Journal hardening coil C1J
Pin hardening coil C2P for 1, C1J3, C1J5, and crankshaft W2, journal hardening coil C2J1, C2J3, C2
The order is J5. For example, in the case where the pin P1 of the crankshaft W2 has the same shape as the pin P1 of the crankshaft W1 and the pin P1 of the crankshaft W2 can be hardened by using the pin hardening coil C1P for the crankshaft W1. Will also install a pin hardening coil C2P for the crankshaft W2.

Crankshaft W by the apparatus of this embodiment
Quenching is performed as follows, for example. The crankshaft W1 supported by the crankshaft supporting / rotating device 30 at the receiving position U is moved in the direction of the arrow R while the position of the pin P1 is being indexed, and the pin hardening coil is then moved.
It stops when pin P1 comes directly under C1P. When the pin quenching coil C1P descends and is placed on the pin P1, the crankshaft W1 starts to rotate, and after the pin quenching coil C1P quenches the pin P1, the crankshaft W1 stops rotating. After the pin quenching coil moves up and the crankshaft W1 moves in the direction of arrow R so that the pin P2 is directly below the pin quenching coil C1P, the pin quenching coil is positioned after the position of the pin P2 is determined. C1P drops and pin P2
Is quenched. After that, the pins P3 and P4 are similarly quenched. After this, the journal quenching coils C1J5, C1J3, and
Journals J5 and J4 by C1J1 respectively
The hardening of crankshaft W1 is completed by sequentially hardening ~ J2 and journal J1.

In this embodiment, the number of quenching coils to be installed may increase compared to the first embodiment. However, depending on the quenching method, the position, spacing and width of the transformer as in the first embodiment may be changed. There are no restrictions. Of course, in order to shorten the horizontal movement distance of the crankshaft W and shorten the quenching time as much as possible, the width of the transformer should be as narrow as possible, and the quenching coils should be arranged close to each other as long as the transformer can be arranged. preferable.
As in the present embodiment, an induction hardening apparatus of a type that includes one hardening coil provided for each type of crankshaft for each type of crankshaft as a group is, for example, for a one-cylinder engine. Used for quenching crankshafts. In such a crankshaft, the distance between the pin and the journal is short. Therefore, as in the first embodiment, there is one pin or journal for each type of crankshaft through all types of crankshafts.
It is extremely difficult to dispose the individual quenching coils, together with their respective transformers, above the pins and journals of the crankshaft so as to reduce the horizontal movement of the crankshaft. Therefore, in such a case,
It is preferable to adopt the method of the second embodiment. When there are three or more types of crankshaft W, the first
This can be dealt with by the configuration of an apparatus similar to the induction hardening apparatus described in FIGS. 8 and 9 of the embodiment.

[0063]

As described above, in the induction hardening apparatus according to claim 1 and the induction hardening method according to claim 2, a plurality of types of crankshafts having pins and journals which are the hardened parts are provided. One induction hardening device according to claim 4 and one induction hardening method according to claim 5 are provided for each type of hardened part. For each type of crankshaft, one for each type of hardened part. Quenching is performed by using quenching coils that are provided one by one and that also inject the quenching liquid, and the quenching portion is to be quenched after the crankshaft to be quenched is supported rotatably and horizontally. However, the crank shuffling is carried out until it is below the quenching coil corresponding to the quenching target portion to be quenched in the quenching coils which are sequentially arranged substantially above the crankshaft and substantially in the axial direction of the crankshaft. Moving the axially.

After that, the quenching coil corresponding to the quenching portion to be quenched is successively lowered and placed on the quenching portion, the quenching portion is sequentially quenched, and then the quenching coil is raised. Next, the crankshaft is moved in the axial direction to move the remaining portions to be hardened to a position just below the hardening coil for hardening them, and the hardening is similarly repeated.

Therefore, according to the induction hardening apparatus and the induction hardening method described in claims 1, 4, and 5, respectively, (1) instead of the two stations of the pin hardening station and the journal hardening station, Since only one hardening station is required, the induction hardening apparatus is small in size and low in cost. (2) Since it is sufficient to provide one hardening coil for each type of the hardened portion, that is, each pin and journal, or one hardening type coil for each type of crankshaft. The cost of quenching coil is reduced. (3) Since the hardened parts are sequentially heated one by one, the electric power for heating can be small, so the cost of the power supply equipment for hardening is small. (4) Since it is not necessary to replace the quenching coil every time the type of crankshaft changes, the quenching process for multiple types of crankshafts is short.

Further, the induction hardening apparatus according to claim 3 is
The induction hardening apparatus for a plurality of types of crankshafts, wherein each type of crankshaft comprises one type of pin and two or more types of journals as a hardened portion, the same as in the induction hardening apparatus according to claim 1. 2. The arrangement of the quenching coils provided in the axial direction of the crankshaft one by one for each type of the quench-hardened parts is the one in which the journal quenching coils are arranged on both sides of the pin quenching coil. In addition to the effect of the induction hardening apparatus, the hardening time of each crankshaft can be shortened.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic front explanatory view of a first embodiment of a crankshaft induction hardening apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XX of FIG.

FIG. 3 is an overall explanatory view of a quenching operation of a first type crankshaft.

FIG. 4A is an explanatory view of a quenching operation of a first type crankshaft in step 1; FIG. 4B is a quenching operation of step 1;
It is a detailed explanatory view of a part of FIG.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of stages 2 and 3 of the quenching operation of the first type crankshaft.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of stages 4 and 5 of the quenching operation of the first type crankshaft.

FIG. 7 is an overall explanatory view of a quenching operation of a second type crankshaft.

FIG. 8 (a) is a plan view of the first embodiment of the induction hardening apparatus for a crankshaft of the present invention, and FIGS. 8 (b) and (c).
[FIG. 6] is a plan explanatory view of first and second modifications of the first embodiment, respectively.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory plan view of a third modification of the first embodiment of the induction hardening apparatus for a crankshaft according to the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a schematic front explanatory view of a second embodiment of the induction hardening apparatus for a crankshaft of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a front view of two types of crankshafts picked up as works in the first and second embodiments of the induction hardening apparatus for a crankshaft of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 Quenching coil lifting device 30 Crankshaft support rotating device 40 Crankshaft horizontal moving device C1P, C2P, C3P, C4P, C5P, C6P, C7P, C8P pin quenching coil C1J1, C1J3, C1J5, C2J1, C2J3, C2J5 Journal burning Input coil C3J1, C3J3, C3J5, C4J1, C4J3, C4J5 Journal quenching coil C5J1, C5J3, C5J5, C6J1, C6J3, C6J5 Journal quenching coil C7J1, C7J3, C5J8J1 Journal P1-P4 pin W1, W2 crankshaft

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. An induction hardening apparatus for a plurality of types of crankshafts, comprising a pin to be hardened and a journal, and a crankshaft supporting / rotating device for horizontally supporting and rotating one crankshaft, and said support. A crankshaft horizontal moving device for moving a rotating device in the axial direction of a crankshaft supported by the supporting rotating device, and a crankshaft horizontal moving device substantially above the crankshaft supported by the supporting rotating device and substantially along the axial direction of the crankshaft. , One quenching coil for each type of quenching part, which also injects quenching liquid, and each quenching coil is lowered to be placed on the quenching part, and raised to separate from the quenching part. An induction hardening device for a crankshaft, comprising: 2. A quenching coil provided with a plurality of types of crankshafts each having a pin to be hardened and a journal, one for each type of hardened part, and which also injects a quenching liquid. A method of induction hardening a crankshaft to be hardened, comprising: a first step of rotatably and horizontally supporting the crankshaft to be hardened; and a hardening of the horizontally supported crankshaft after the first step. The hardened part to be
In the axial direction of the crankshaft until it is below the quenching coil corresponding to the quenching target portion to be quenched in the quenching coils that are sequentially disposed substantially above the crankshaft in the axial direction of the crankshaft. The second step of moving to the second step, and after the second step, the quenching coil corresponding to the hardened part to be quenched is lowered and the hardened part is placed on the hardened part to be quenched and then the hardened part is quenched. Then, a third step of raising the quenching coil and a fourth step of quenching the portion to be quenched after the third step by the same steps as the second and third steps are performed. An induction hardening method for a crankshaft, which is characterized by being provided. 3. An induction hardening apparatus for a plurality of types of crankshafts, wherein each type of crankshaft includes one type of pin and two or more types of journals as a hardened part, and one crankshaft is horizontal. A crankshaft supporting and rotating device for supporting and rotating the crankshaft, a crankshaft horizontal moving device for moving the supporting and rotating device in the axial direction of the crankshaft supported by the supporting and rotating device, and a crankshaft supporting and rotating device supported by the supporting and rotating device. A plurality of quenching coils that are installed almost above the crankshaft and that also spray quenching fluid, and quenching that lowers each quenching coil and places it on the quenching part, and raises it to separate from the quenching part. And a quenching coil, wherein the quenching coil includes a pin quenching coil corresponding to each type of pin and sequentially arranged in the axial direction. And a journal quenching coil that is divided into both sides of the pin quenching coil and that are sequentially arranged in the axial direction. 4. An induction hardening apparatus for a plurality of types of crankshafts, comprising a pin to be hardened and a journal, and a crankshaft supporting and rotating device for horizontally supporting and rotating one crankshaft, and said supporting means. A crankshaft horizontal moving device for moving a rotating device in the axial direction of a crankshaft supported by the supporting rotating device, and a crankshaft horizontal moving device substantially above the crankshaft supported by the supporting rotating device and substantially along the axial direction of the crankshaft. For each type of crankshaft, one quenching coil is provided for each type of hardened part and also injects quenching liquid. A large number of quenching coils and quenching coil elevating equipment that lowers each quenching coil and places it on the quenching part, and raises it to separate from the quenching part An induction hardening device for a crankshaft, comprising: 5. A plurality of types of crankshafts, each having a pin to be hardened and a journal, are provided for each type of crankshaft, one for each type of hardened part. A quenching method for a crankshaft, wherein quenching is carried out using a multi-group quenching coil in which as many quenching coils as a group of quenching coils are provided. The first step of supporting the shaft rotatably and horizontally and, after the first step, the part to be hardened for quenching the horizontally supported crankshaft is substantially above the crankshaft and substantially the axis of the crankshaft. Below the quenching coil corresponding to the hardened part to be quenched in the group of quenching coils corresponding to the crankshaft to be quenched in the group of quenching coils sequentially arranged in the direction The second step of moving in the axial direction of the crankshaft, and after the second step, lower the quenching coil corresponding to the hardened part to be quenched to the hardened part to be hardened. After mounting, the third step of hardening the hardened part after rotating the crankshaft while rotating the crankshaft and raising the hardening coil, and the second hardened part to be hardened after the third step A method for induction hardening a crankshaft, comprising: a fourth step of quenching by the same step as the third step.