JP2764673B2 - Induction hardening device for crankshaft - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an induction hardening apparatus for a crankshaft and an induction hardening method for a crankshaft, and more particularly to an induction hardening apparatus for a crankshaft suitable for medium-scale production of a medium-sized crankshaft. And an induction hardening method for a crankshaft.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there has been no suitable induction hardening apparatus and induction hardening method for a crankshaft suitable for medium-volume production of a medium-type crankshaft. And when quenching a large amount of crankshafts, it is generally performed as follows. That is, the crankshaft is, for example, 4
When used for a cylinder engine, the quenching device includes a pin quenching station and a journal quenching station,
The pin hardening station is provided with four pin hardening coils corresponding to each pin, and the journal hardening station is provided with five journal hardening coils corresponding to each journal.

[0003] In order to mass harden the first type of crankshaft, the crankshafts are sent one by one to a pin hardening station, where all the pins are hardened simultaneously, and then sent to a journal hardening station. After all the journals are hardened at the same time, they are sent to the next station. In this way, all pins and journals of the first type of crankshaft are hardened.

[0004] Next, in order to mass harden a second type of crankshaft, a pin hardening coil of a pin hardening station and a journal hardening coil of a journal hardening station are respectively connected to a second type of crankshaft. After replacing with the one corresponding to the pin and journal of
Quenched in the same way as the crankshafts of the type. The same applies to the third and subsequent types of crankshafts.

When quenching a small amount of crankshaft, pins are sequentially quenched into each crankshaft, and then journals are sequentially quenched.

[0006]

When the means for hardening a large number of crankshafts as described above is applied to hardening of medium- and medium-volume crankshafts, (1) a pin hardening station and a journal hardening With two stations, the size of the equipment is large,
Therefore, the cost of the apparatus becomes large. (2) At the pin quenching station, as many pin quench coils as the number of pins of one crankshaft are installed, and at the journal quench station, as many journal quench coils as the number of journals at one crankshaft are installed. Therefore, the cost of the quenching coil and the like increases. (3) All pins are quenched at the pin quenching station at the same time, and all journals are quenched at the journal quenching station at the same time.
Therefore, the cost of the power supply equipment for quenching increases. (4)
It takes time to replace the pin hardening coil and the journal hardening coil when the type of crankshaft changes.

Further, when the above-described method of quenching a small amount of crankshaft is applied to quenching of medium- and medium-volume production crankshafts, the hardening of each crankshaft is performed after the quenching of the pin. It is necessary to replace the hardened coil with the one for the journal, and every time the type of crankshaft changes, it is necessary to replace it with a hardened coil corresponding to the type. Even if the amount is medium, the entire quenching process becomes extremely long.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and quenches all pins and journals of a medium-sized and medium-sized crankshaft.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a crankshaft induction hardening apparatus and an induction hardening method suitable for the length of the hardening step including the time required for replacing the hardening coil.

[0009]

A crank according to claim 1 wherein :
The induction hardening device for the shaft uses pins and jigs to be hardened.
High circumference of multiple types of crankshafts
A wave quenching device that supports the crankshaft horizontally.
And a crankshaft supporting and rotating device for rotating,
Clan supporting the supporting and rotating device by the supporting and rotating device
The crankshaft is moved in the axial direction of the crankshaft.
A direction moving device, and a clamp supported by the support rotating device.
Almost axially of the crankshaft almost above the crankshaft
Are provided along the line, one for each type of quenched part.
The quenching coil that also sprays the immersion liquid and the quenching coil
And place it on the quenched part, raise it, and separate from the quenched part.
And a quenching coil elevating device.
The pins correspond to each type of pin, respectively, and sequentially in the axial direction.
The pin quenching coils and the journals
Each is divided on both sides of the pin hardening coil and
Journal quenching coils sequentially arranged in the axial direction
ing.

[0010]

【Example】 The crankshaft of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
An embodiment of the induction hardening device of the shaft will be described.

FIGS . 1 to 9 show a first embodiment.
1 is a schematic front explanatory view, and FIG.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory sectional view taken along the line X-ray, and FIG.
It is a whole explanatory view of quenching operation of a shaft.

FIG. 4 (a) is an explanatory view of Step 1 of the quenching operation,
FIG. 4B is a detailed explanatory view of a part of the step 1 of the quenching operation, FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of steps 2 and 3 of the quenching operation, and FIG. is there.

FIG. 7 is an overall explanatory view of the quenching operation of the second type of crankshaft, and FIGS. 8 and 9 are explanatory views of a modification of the first embodiment.

FIG . 10 is a schematic front view of the second embodiment,
11 is taken as a work in the first and second embodiments.
It is a front view of two types of raised crankshafts.

This embodiment is an induction hardening device capable of hardening all pins and journals of two types of crankshafts. As an example of a work, as shown in FIG. First and second types of crankshafts W used and having different shapes and dimensions from each other
1. I picked up W2. The total length of the crankshaft W1 is
H1, and the total length of the crankshaft W2 is H2, which is slightly shorter than H1. Hereinafter, when the crankshaft W1 and the crankshaft W2 are collectively referred to, the crankshaft W
That.

The crankshaft W1 has one type of shape,
That is, pins P1 to P4 having the same shape and a width of A,
Journals J1 to J5 of different shapes are provided, and the journals J2 to J4 have the same shape and a width of B3, but the widths of the journals J1 and J5 are B1 and B5, respectively, and the journals J1 and J5 , And neither of the journals J1 and J5 is isomorphic to the journals J2-J4. The pins P1 to P4 and the journals J1 to J5 are sequentially connected from one end (output side) of the crankshaft W1 to the journal J1, the pin P1, the journal J2, the pin P2, the journal J3, the pin P3,
The journal J4, the pin P4, and the journal J5 are arranged in this order toward the other end. A flange F is formed at the other end of the crankshaft W1. FA is a surface (hereinafter, referred to as a flange surface) where the flange F is joined to a device (not shown).

The distance between the centers of journal J1 and pin P1 is
C1, pin P1, between centers of journal J2, journal J2,
Between the centers of pin P2, between the centers of pin P2 and journal J3,
Between the center of journal J3 and pin P3, pin P3, journal
The distance between the centers of J4, the center of the journal J4 and the center of the pin P4 is C2, and the distance between the center of the pin P4 and the center of the journal J5 is C1. The distance between the center of the journal J1 and one end of the crankshaft W1 is C0, and the distance between the center of the journal J5 and the flange face FA is C3.

The crankshaft W2 has one type of shape,
That is, pins P1 to P4 having the same shape and a width D
Journals J1 to J5 of different shapes are provided, and the journals J2 to J4 have the same shape and a width of E3, but the widths of the journals J1 and J5 are E1 and E5, respectively, and the journals J1 and J5 , And neither of the journals J1 and J5 is isomorphic to the journals J2-J4. The arrangement of the pins P1 to P4 and the journals J1 to J5 and the point that the flange F having the flange surface FA is formed are as follows.
Same as crankshaft W1.

The distance between the center of journal J1 and pin P1 is
F1, pin P1, between centers of journal J2 and journal J2,
The distance between the centers of pin P2 is F2, the distance between the centers of pin P2 and journal J3 and the distance between the centers of journal J3 and pin P3 is F
3, pin P3, between the centers of journal J4 and journal J4,
The distance between the centers of the pin P4 is F2, and the distance between the pin P4 and the center of the journal J5 is F4. The distance between the center of the journal J1 and one end of the crankshaft W2 is F0,
The distance between the center of the journal J5 and the flange surface FA is F5.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the induction hardening apparatus according to the present embodiment includes a crankshaft supporting and rotating apparatus for horizontally and rotatably supporting one crankshaft W and rotating the crankshaft W. 30 and a crankshaft horizontal for moving the crankshaft supporting and rotating device 30 in the axial direction of the crankshaft W supported by the supporting and rotating device 30 (the direction of arrow R and the direction of arrow S opposite to arrow R). One for each type of pin and journal of the crankshaft W is provided along the axial direction of the crankshaft W above the moving device 40 and the crankshaft W supported by the crankshaft supporting and rotating device 30, and is hardened. Pin quenching coils C1P and C2P that also spray liquid, and journal quenching coils C1J1, C1J3, C1J5, C2J1, C2J3, and C2J5, and each quenching coil descends Placed on each of the the hardened by, and a hardening coil lifting device 10 is raised to away from the the hardened.

Hereinafter, the induction hardening apparatus will be described in detail.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the crankshaft supporting and rotating device 30 includes a center 31 for rotatably supporting one end of a crankshaft W and a chuck 32 for gripping a flange F at the other end.
, A tail stock 33 and a head stock 34 holding a center 31 and a chuck 32, respectively, and a chuck.
A chuck control and rotation device that rotates the crankshaft W by rotating the chuck 32 and controls gripping by the chuck 32
35 and. The tail stock 33 and the head stock 34 are arranged above both ends of the common base plate 36 and are advanced and retracted in the axial direction of the crankshaft W by the cylinders 37 and 38, respectively.

The crankshaft horizontal moving device 40 has a pair of parallel rails 44 fixed on the installation surface 49 of the induction hardening device and a lower surface of the common base plate 36 so as to be slidable on the rails 44. A pair of attached sliders 46 and a common base plate 36
And a ball screw 41 screwed to the projection 45 and having both ends supported by a pair of bearings 42.
And a motor 43 attached to one bearing 42 for rotating the ball screw 41.

The pin hardening coil C1P, the journal hardening coils C1J1, C1J3, and C1J5 respectively correspond to the pins P1 to P4, the journal J1, and the journal J2 to the crankshaft W1.
J4 and a coil for quenching the journal J5, and a pin quenching coil C2P, a journal quenching coil C2J1,
C2J3 and C2J5 are respectively the crankshaft W2
This is a coil for quenching pins P1 to P4, journal J1, journals J2 to J4, and journal J5.

These quenching coils are formed from journal quenching coils C1J1, C2J1, C1J3, C2J3 along the axial direction of the crankshaft W from one end of the crankshaft W supported by the crankshaft supporting and rotating device 30. Hardening coil
C1P, C2P, journal hardening coils C1J5 and C2J5 are arranged in this order. The quenching coils are arranged in this order in order to minimize the moving time of each crankshaft W and shorten the quenching process. At the upper ends of these hardened coils, transformers T1J1, T2J1, T1J3, T2J3, T1P, which supply high-frequency current to each hardened coil, respectively,
T2P, T1J5, and T2J5 are installed.

As described later, the pins P1 to P4 of the crankshaft W and the journal
When quenching J1 to J5, a pin or a journal to be quenched is applied to the crankshaft W supported by the crankshaft supporting and rotating device 30 in the axial direction at predetermined stages of quenching. The pin or the journal is moved so as to be directly below the quenching coil.

That is, as described above, the hardened coils are arranged along the axial direction of the crankshaft W from one end of the crankshaft W, and the journal hardened coils C1J1, C2J1, C1J3,
C2J3, pin quenching coils C1P, C2P, and journal quenching coils C1J5 and C2J5 are arranged in this order in order to cope with the above-described quenching in each step.

Also, transformers T1J1, T2J1, T1J3, T2J3, T1P, T2P, T1J5,
And the specific position of T2J5, that is, the crankshaft W
The position of the quenching coil in the axial direction of the crankshaft W1
, W2 the distance between the pin and the center of the journal C1-C
3. Determined in consideration of F1 to F4. That is, all transformers are arranged in the above-mentioned order, and at each stage of quenching, a so-called disk-type transformer having a narrow width which can be arranged so that the quenching coil is located immediately above the pin or journal to be quenched. Is adopted.

Each of the transformers is mounted on a corresponding pin or journal by lowering the quenching coil together with the transformer, and is further provided with a power matching board via a quenching coil elevating device 10 for raising and separating from the pin or journal. Supported from 50. The power matching board 50 is attached to the installation surface 49 of the induction hardening device via the support legs 51, and receives a high-frequency current from a high-frequency power supply (not shown) and supplies it to each transformer.

Hereinafter, the quenching coil and the quenching coil lifting / lowering apparatus 10 will be described with reference to FIG. 2 by taking the journal quenching coil C1J1 as an example. The journal quenching coil C1J1 includes a semi-open saddle-type high-frequency induction heating coil (hereinafter, the high-frequency induction heating coil is simply referred to as a heating coil) 1, an input terminal 3 of the journal quench coil C1J1, a heating coil 1, and an input terminal 3. And a pair of jackets 4 for quenching liquid injection, heating coil 1, lead 2, input terminal
3 and coil side plate 5 with jacket 4 attached
And In addition, a quenching liquid supply pipe (not shown) is connected to the jacket 4. Input terminal 3 is output terminal 6 of transformer T1J1 that supplies high-frequency current to heating coil 1.
It is fixedly connected to. The transformer T1J1 is
Is mounted and fixed on a bottom plate 21 suspended via a pantograph 23.

One end of the quenching coil elevating device 10 has the above-mentioned top plate.
A linear connecting rod 15 rotatably attached to the projection 18 provided on the upper surface of the 22 and a projection 19 having the other end provided on the front surface of the power matching panel 50, and a top surface of the power matching panel 50. A pulley 11 rotatably mounted on a fixed bracket 14, wound around the pulley 11, one end is fixed to the protrusion 18, and the other end is fixed to the top surface of the power matching board 50 via a spring 13. Wire 12, and cylinder 17 vertically attached to the front of power matching panel 50, and vertically move by the operation of cylinder 17,
Rod 16 whose tip supports the lower part between both ends of connecting rod 15
And

Next, a method of quenching the crankshafts W1 and W2 by the induction hardening apparatus of this embodiment will be described. First, it is assumed that the first type of crankshaft W1 is hardened. That is, one type of one crankshaft W1 conveyed by a conveying means (not shown)
1 is sent from the near side to the back side in FIG. 1 and is axially horizontal between the center 31 and the chuck 32 of the crankshaft supporting / rotating device 30 which is waiting at the receiving position U of the induction hardening device in advance. Is carried in as follows.

Next, the center 31 and the chuck 32 are advanced by the cylinders 37 and 38, respectively, to rotatably support one end of the crankshaft W1, and the flange F at the other end.
To grip. The crankshaft W1 thus held by the center 31 and the chuck 32 is shown in FIGS.
Step 1 of FIG. The crankshaft W1
On the way to the receiving position U, the type of the crankshaft is the first type by a known crankshaft type detector (not shown), that is, the crankshaft W
Since it is detected as 1, the cylinders 37 and 38 advance by a predetermined distance corresponding to the crankshaft W1, and support and hold. The vertical surface that matches the flange surface FA of the crankshaft W1 thus held is hereinafter referred to as a reference surface K.

The operation in each stage of quenching of the crankshaft W1 will be described below with reference to FIGS. FIG. 4-
In FIG. 6, a wide horizontal line or diagonal line indicates the operation,
The numerical values described in the vicinity of these lines and the numerical values shown in the middle of the arrows indicate examples of the operation time in seconds. A narrow horizontal line indicates that the end state of the previous operation is maintained. Dotted lines indicate transition from one action to another,
The narrow vertical line is a reference line.

As shown in FIG. 3, the crankshaft W1
In the stage 1 in which the flange surface FA coincides with the reference surface K,
Pin P3, journals J1, J2, and J5 are hardened in this order. As shown in FIG. 4, the crankshaft W1 is carried to the receiving position U,
Then, the pin P3 is moved to the top dead center by the chuck control rotating device 35 so that the pin quenching coil C1P descends from above and is mounted on the pin P3 (pin
P3 position index).

Next, the pin quenching coil C1P and the journal quenching coils C1J1, C1J3, C1J5 are simultaneously lowered by the respective quenching coil lifting / lowering devices 10, so that the pin P3 and the journal
Place on J1, J2, J5. Taking the pin quenching coil C1P as an example, when the cylinder 17 of the quenching coil elevating device 10 for the pin quenching coil C1P is operated to retract the rod 16, the pin quenching coil C1P moves down together with the transformer T1P. The heating coil 1 of the pin quenching coil C1P is placed on the pin P3. Then, immediately after the rotation of the crankshaft W1 by the chuck control rotating device 35 is started, a high-frequency current generated by a high-frequency power supply (not shown) starts to be supplied to the heating coil 1 of the pin hardening coil C1P via the transformer T1P. Heating of P3 is started. And pin for a predetermined time
After P3 is heated, the jacket 4 of the pin quench coil C1P
Then, the quenching liquid is sprayed onto the pin P3 to cool it, and the quenching of the pin P3 is completed. Thereafter, the pin quenching coil C1P is kept mounted on the pin P3 until the quenching of the journal J5 is completed.

One second after the end of the heating of the pin P3 (the start of the cooling of the pin P3), the heating of the journal J1 is started,
After the completion of heating, cooling is performed subsequently. One second after the end of the heating of the journal J1, the heating of the journal J2 is started, and after the end of the heating, the cooling is continuously performed. One second after the end of heating the journal J2, the journal
Heating of J5 is started, and after the heating is completed, cooling is performed.

As shown in FIG. 4B, at the end of the cooling period of the journal J5, the position of the pin P3 is determined.
That is, when 8 seconds have elapsed since the start of cooling the journal J5,
The indexing of the pin P3 is started, the pin P3 reaches the top dead center, the rotation of the crankshaft W1 is stopped, and the indexing of the pin P3 ends. If the number of revolutions of the crankshaft W1 is, for example, 30 rpm, this position determination is completed in a maximum of 2 seconds. The injection of the cooling liquid is continued until the position of the pin P3 is determined. Next, the pin quenching coil C1P and the journal quenching coils C1J1, C1J3, C1J5 are simultaneously raised by the respective quenching coil raising devices 10. Taking the pin hardening coil C1P as an example, the cylinder 17 operates, the rod 16 advances, and the transformer T1P
Raised with C1P.

Next, step 2 shown in FIG. 5 is started. First, the motor 43 of the crankshaft horizontal movement device 40 is activated to rotate the ball screw 41, thereby causing the crankshaft W1 supported by the crankshaft support rotation device 30 to rotate.
Is moved in the direction of arrow R by a distance L1 shown in FIG.
Position the journal J3 and pin P4 directly below the journal quench coils C1J3 and C1P, respectively. Next, the position of the pin P4 is determined similarly to the pin P3 in the stage 1.

Then, the pin quenching coil C1P and the journal quenching coil C1J3 are simultaneously lowered and mounted on the pin P4 and the journal J3, respectively. After the rotation of the crankshaft W1 is started, the heating and cooling of the pin P4 are started. I do. The journal quenching coil C1J3 starts heating the journal J3 one second after the end of the heating of the pin P4, and performs cooling after the end of the heating. At the end of the cooling period, the position of the pin P4 is determined and the rotation of the crankshaft W1 is stopped, as described with reference to FIG. 4B. After this, the pin hardening coil
C1P and journal hardening coil C1J3 are raised.

Next, step 3 is entered. The crankshaft W1 is further moved by the crankshaft horizontal moving device 40 by the distance L2 in the direction of the arrow R to position the journal J4 immediately below the journal quenching coil C1J3. Next, lower the journal quenching coil C1J3
Immediately after the mounting on J4, the rotation of the crankshaft W1 is started, and then the heating and cooling of the journal J4 are performed. Then
The journal hardening coil C1J3 is raised and the rotation of the crankshaft W1 is stopped.

Thereafter, step 4 shown in FIG. 6 is started. The crankshaft W1 is moved in the direction of the arrow S by the distance L3 to position the pin P2 immediately below the pin hardening coil C1P. After the position of the pin P2 is determined, the pin quenching coil C1P is lowered and mounted on the pin P2, and after the rotation of the crankshaft W1 is started, the heating and cooling of the pin P2 are performed. At the end of the cooling period of the pin P2, the position of the pin P2 is determined, and the rotation of the crankshaft W1 is stopped. Next, the pin quenching coil C1P is raised.

Next, step 5 is entered. The crankshaft W1 is further moved in the direction of arrow S by a distance L4 to
Is located just below the pin quenching coil C1P. And
After determining the position of pin P1, pin hardening coil C1
After lowering P and placing it on pin P1, crankshaft W1
After the start of the rotation, the pin P1 is heated and cooled. At the end of the cooling period of the pin P1, the position of the pin P1 is determined, and the rotation of the crankshaft W1 is stopped. Then
Raise pin quenching coil C1P. This completes the quenching of the pins P1 to P4 of the crankshaft W1 and the journals J1 to J5.

Thereafter, the crankshaft W1 is moved to a position before the start of quenching, that is, the flange surface of the crankshaft W1.
After moving in the direction of arrow R by a distance L5 to a position where the FA coincides with the reference plane K, the FA is supported by the transfer means, the support at one end is released by the center 31, and the other end is gripped by the chuck 32. And cancel. Next, by the transporting means, it is moved to the next station, for example, passing below the power matching panel 50.

At the same time, the next crankshaft W is moved to the receiving position U by the transfer means.
Are carried in such a manner that the axial direction is horizontal. And
If the next crankshaft W is the second type of crankshaft W2, the center 31 and the chuck 32 are advanced, one end is supported by the center 31, and the other end is gripped by the chuck 32, while the flange surface of the crankshaft W2 is held. The center 31 and the chuck 32 are moved forward and backward so that the FA coincides with the reference plane K, and the crankshaft W2 is positioned in the axial direction. The state in which the crankshaft W2 is held as described above is stage 1 in FIG.

Next, step 2 is entered. Crankshaft W
2 is displaced by a distance M1 in the direction of arrow S to move pin P3 and journals J1, J2 and J5 into pin hardened coils, respectively.
It is located just below C2P, journal hardening coils C2J1, C2J3, and C2J5. Then, similarly to the phase 1 of the crankshaft W1, the operation of the pin hardening coil C2P, the journal hardening coils C2J1, C2J3, and C2J5 and the hardening coil lifting / lowering device 10 for each hardening coil causes the pin P3, the journal J1, J2 and J5 are quenched. In step 3, the crankshaft W2 is moved by the distance M2 in the direction of the arrow R, and the pin P4 and the journal J3 are operated by the operation of the pin hardening coil C2P and the journal hardening coil C2J3 in the same manner as in step 2 of the crankshaft W1. Is quenched.

Next, in step 4, the crankshaft W2 is moved by the distance M3 in the direction of the arrow R, and the journal J4 is hardened by the journal hardening coil C2J3, as in step 3 of the crankshaft W1. Thereafter, in step 5, the crankshaft W2 is moved by the distance M4 in the direction of the arrow S,
The pin P2 is hardened by the pin hardening coil C2P in the same manner as in Step 4 of Step 2.

Next, in step 6, the crankshaft W2 is moved by the distance M5 in the direction of the arrow S, and then, as in step 5 of the crankshaft W1, the pin hardened coil is moved.
After the pin P1 is quenched by C2P, an arrow R
Is moved to a position where the flange surface FA coincides with the reference surface K. Thereafter, after the crankshaft W2 is supported by the conveying means, the support of the one end by the center 31 and the release of the gripping of the other end by the chuck 32 are performed. Then, it is carried out to the next station by the transport means.

As described above, the crankshaft W
Since all pins and journals are quenched in one station, the induction hardening device can be downsized. Also, for example, the time from the start of the phase 1 of the quenching of the crankshaft W1 to the end of the phase 5 depends on the individual operation times shown in FIGS.
In the case of the example described in (1), the time is 251.5 seconds, and after the quenching of all the pins P1 to P4 of the crankshaft W1 is completed, the pin quenched coil is replaced with the journal quenched coil as in the related art. Compared with the case where all journals J1 to J5 are hardened, the time required for hardening coil replacement is not necessary,
Extremely short.

Next, as a first modification of the first embodiment, an induction hardening device for quenching three types of crankshafts by using one crankshaft supporting and rotating device 30 will be described with reference to FIG. I do. FIG. 8 (a) is an explanatory plan view of the induction hardening apparatus shown in FIG. 1 of the first embodiment. For convenience of understanding, the center 31, the chuck 32, and the tailstock of the crankshaft supporting and rotating apparatus 30 are shown. 33, only the headstock 34, the common base plate 36, and the pin hardened coils C1P, C2P, and the journal hardened coils C1J1, C1J3, C1J5, and C2J5 are shown. FIGS. 8B and 8C are shown in a similar manner.

For example, as shown in FIG. 8 (b), four types of induction hardening devices for crankshafts include an induction hardening device of the first embodiment and a first induction hardening device in parallel with the induction hardening device.
And third and fourth types of cranks corresponding to journal hardening coils C1J1, C2J1, C1J3, C2J3, pin hardening coils C1P, C2P, and journal hardening coils C1J5 and C2J5 of the second type crankshafts W1, W2, respectively. Shaft journal hardening coils C3J1, C4J1, C3J3, C4J3, pin hardening coils C3P, C4P, journal hardening coils C3J5 and C4J5 are provided.

The crankshaft supporting and rotating device 30
The type of crankshaft supported by the first or second
If it is a type, the crankshaft is hardened as in the first embodiment. If the crankshaft is of the third or fourth type, after moving the crankshaft supporting and rotating device 30 in the direction of arrow Y1, the journal hardening coils C3J1, C4J1, C3J3, C4
J3, pin hardening coil C3P, C4P, journal hardening coil
Quenched by C3J5 and C4J5.

As a second modification of the first embodiment, five types of induction hardening devices for crankshafts will be described. As shown in FIG. 8C, this quenching apparatus is different from the quenching apparatus shown in FIG. 8B in that journal quenching coils C5J1, C5J3, a pin quenching coil C5P, and a fifth type of crankshaft are provided. A journal quenching coil C5J5 is added, and these quenching coils are provided on the extension line of the quenching coils for the first and second types of crankshafts and the quenching coils for the first type of crankshaft. They are arranged at the same interval.

When the crankshaft supported by the crankshaft supporting and rotating device 30 is of the third type or the fourth type, quenching may be performed in the same manner as the device shown in FIG. After moving the crankshaft supporting and rotating device 30 in the direction of arrow Y2, it is quenched by the journal quench coils C5J1, C5J3, the pin quench coil C5P, and the journal quench coil C5J5.

As a third modification of the first embodiment, an induction hardening device provided with two crankshaft supporting / rotating devices 30 in order to handle eight types of crankshafts will be described. In this apparatus, as shown in FIG. 9, two crankshaft supporting and rotating apparatuses 30a and 30b are arranged in parallel. And, above the crankshaft supporting and rotating device 30a, journal hardening coils C1J1, C2J1, C1J3, C2J3, and pin hardening coils C1 of the first and second types of crankshafts.
P, C2P, journal hardening coils C1J5 and C2J5 are arranged, and journal hardening coils C3J1 and C4J of the third and fourth types of crankshafts are arranged on an extension of these hardening coils.
1, C3J3, C4J3, pin hardening coils C3P, C4P, journal hardening coils C3J5 and C4J5.

Further, the crankshaft supporting and rotating device 30b
Above the fifth and sixth types of crankshaft journal hardening coils C5J1, C6J1, C5J3, C6J3, pin hardening coils C5P, C6P, journal hardening coils C5J5 and C6J5
And the journal hardening coils C7J of the seventh and eighth types of crankshafts are arranged on an extension of these hardening coils.
1, C8J1, C7J3, C8J3, pin hardening coils C7P, C8P, journal hardening coils C7J5 and C8J5.

When the axial direction is held horizontally and at right angles to the arrow Y1, and the crankshaft moved in the direction of the arrow Y1 is of the first or second type, the crankshaft is supported by the crankshaft rotating device 30a. First
Quenching is performed as in the example. When the fifth type or the sixth type of crankshaft is used, the journal hardening coils C5J1, C6J1, C5J3, C6J3 and the pin hardening coil C5P are supported by the crankshaft supporting and rotating device 30b in the same manner as in the first embodiment. , C6P, Journal hardening coil C5J5 and C6J5
By quenching.

When the crankshaft is of the third or fourth type, the crankshaft is supported by the crankshaft supporting / rotating device 30a, and the crankshaft supporting / rotating device 30 is moved by the crankshaft horizontal moving device (not shown in FIG. 9). It moves in the axial direction of the shaft and is hardened by journal hardening coils C3J1, C4J1, C3J3, C4J3, pin hardening coils C3P, C4P, and journal hardening coils C3J5 and C4J5.

Further, when the crankshaft is in the seventh or eighth position,
When the type is, the crankshaft support rotating device 30
b, and then the crankshaft supporting and rotating device 30
b in the axial direction of the crankshaft, and the journal hardening coils C7J1, C8J1, C7J3, C8J3, and pin hardening coils C7P
Hardened with C8P, journal quench coils C7J5 and C8J5.

Hereinafter, an induction hardening device for a crankshaft according to a second embodiment will be described. In the apparatus of the second embodiment, the arrangement of the quenching coils, and thus the arrangement of the transformers, is the only point that they are arranged collectively for each type of crankshaft.
This is different from the induction hardening apparatus of the first embodiment shown in FIG. The other parts are the same as those of the first embodiment, and the description is omitted.

That is, as shown in FIG. 10, the arrangement of the quenching coils of the induction hardening apparatus of the second embodiment is such that the pin hardening coil for the crankshaft W1 is arranged from the center 31 along the axial direction of the crankshaft W1. Input coil C1P, Journal hardening coil C1J
1, Pin hardening coil C2P for C1J3, C1J5 and crankshaft W2, journal hardening coils C2J1, C2J3, C2
It is in the order of J5. For example, the pin P1 of the crankshaft W2 has the same shape as the pin P1 of the crankshaft W1, and the pin hardening coil C1P for the crankshaft W1 can be used for hardening the pin P1 of the crankshaft W2. Also install a pin hardening coil C2P for crankshaft W2.

The crankshaft W according to the device of the present embodiment
Is quenched as follows, for example. The crankshaft W1 supported by the crankshaft support rotating device 30 at the receiving position U is moved in the direction of arrow R while the position of the pin P1 is being indexed, and the pin hardening coil is moved.
Stops when pin P1 comes directly under C1P. When the pin quenching coil C1P descends and is mounted on the pin P1, the rotation of the crankshaft W1 is started. After the pin quenching of the pin P1 by the pin quenching coil C1P, the rotation of the crankshaft W1 is stopped. The position of pin P2 is determined while the crankshaft W1 moves in the direction of arrow R so that the pin hardening coil rises and pin P2 comes directly below pin hardening coil C1P. C1P drops and pin P2
Quenching is performed. Thereafter, the pins P3 and P4 are similarly hardened. After this, the journal hardening coils C1J5, C1J3, and
J1 and J4 by C1J1, respectively
To J2 and the quenching of the journal J1 are sequentially performed, and the quenching of the crankshaft W1 is completed.

In this embodiment, the number of quenching coils to be installed may be increased as compared with the first embodiment. However, due to the quenching method, the position, interval and width of the transformer as in the first embodiment are reduced. There are no restrictions. Of course, in order to shorten the horizontal movement distance of the crankshaft W and shorten the quenching time as much as possible, the width of the transformer is as narrow as possible, and as far as the arrangement of the transformer allows, the quenching coils can be arranged close to each other. preferable.
As in the present embodiment, for each type of crankshaft, an induction hardening apparatus of a type including a group of hardening coils provided one for each type of hardened part, for example, for a one-cylinder engine Used for hardening crankshafts. In such a crankshaft, since the distance between the pin and the journal is short, as in the first embodiment, one pin and one journal are provided through all types of crankshafts.
It is extremely difficult to arrange the hardening coils provided individually together with the respective transformers above the pins and journals of the crankshaft so that the horizontal movement of the crankshaft is reduced. Therefore, in such a case,
It is preferable to employ the method of the second embodiment. When there are three or more types of the crankshaft W, the first
This can be dealt with by a device configuration similar to the induction hardening device described with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9 of the embodiment.

[0063]

As described above, according to the present invention,
The induction hardening of the shaft is performed with the pin
And multiple types of crankshafts with journals
An induction hardening device that supports the crankshaft horizontally.
A crankshaft supporting and rotating device for holding and rotating;
The support rotating device is supported by the supporting rotating device.
Crankshaft that moves in the axial direction of the rank shaft
A horizontal moving device, and a clamp supported by the support rotating device.
Almost above the rank shaft and almost at the axis of the crankshaft
Along the direction, one for each type of quenched part
The quenching coil that also sprays the quenching liquid and each quenching coil
Lower and place on the quenched part, raise it and
A quenching coil elevating device for separating
The input coil corresponds to each type of pin,
Pin quenching coils and various types of journals
And divided on both sides of the pin hardening coil
And a journal quenching coil sequentially disposed in the axial direction.
It has.

Therefore, the crankshaft is induction-fired.
According to the quenching device, the pin quenching station and the journal quenching
One station instead of two stations
Since only a quenching station is required, induction hardening equipment
The size of the device is reduced, which contributes to cost reduction.

Further , the pin and the journal, which are the portions to be quenched,
One for each type of, or the type of crankshaft
One quenching core for each type of quenched part
The cost of the quenching coil is reduced
It is.

Since the portions to be quenched are sequentially heated one by one,
Power supply equipment for quenching, since the power for heating is small.
Cost may be small. Also, the type of crankshaft
There is no need to change the quenching coil every time the kind changes
Shortens the quenching process for multiple types of crankshafts
be able to.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a first embodiment of an induction hardening device for a crankshaft according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory sectional view taken along line XX of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an overall explanatory diagram of a quenching operation of a first type of crankshaft.

FIG. 4A is an explanatory view of a first type of quenching operation of a crankshaft of a first type, and FIG.
FIG. 3 is a detailed explanatory view of a part of FIG.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view in stages 2 and 3 of the quenching operation of the first type of crankshaft.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view in stages 4 and 5 of the quenching operation of the first type of crankshaft.

FIG. 7 is an overall explanatory diagram of a quenching operation of a second type of crankshaft.

FIG. 8 (a) is an explanatory plan view of a first embodiment of an induction hardening device for a crankshaft according to the present invention, and FIGS. 8 (b) and 8 (c).
FIG. 4 is a plan explanatory view of first and second variations of the first embodiment, respectively.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory plan view of a third modification of the first embodiment of the induction hardening device for a crankshaft according to the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a schematic front explanatory view of a second embodiment of the induction hardening device for a crankshaft according to the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a front view of two types of crankshafts taken as works in the first and second embodiments of the induction hardening device for a crankshaft according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 Hardening coil elevating device 30 Crankshaft support rotating device 40 Crankshaft horizontal moving device C1P, C2P, C3P, C4P, C5P, C6P, C7P, C8P Pin hardening coil C1J1, C1J3, C1J5, C2J1, C2J3, C2J5 Coiled coil C3J1, C3J3, C3J5, C4J1, C4J3, C4J5 Journal hardened coil C5J1, C5J3, C5J5, C6J1, C6J3, C6J5 Journal hardened coil C7J1, C7J3, C7J5, C8J1, C8J1, C8J5, C8J1, C8J5 Journal P1 ~ P4 Pin W1, W2 Crankshaft

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] A pin and a journal which are hardened portions are provided.
Induction hardening equipment for multiple types of crankshafts
To support and rotate the crankshaft horizontally
A crankshaft support rotation device, and the support rotation device
A shaft of a crankshaft supported by the supporting rotation device
Crankshaft horizontal moving device to move in the direction
And a crankshaft supported by the support rotation device.
Almost at the top and almost along the axial direction of the crankshaft,
One quenching part is provided for each type,
The quenching coils to be hardened and the quenched parts
Quenching coil that is placed on the
And a quenching coil.
Are sequentially arranged in the axial direction corresponding to the respective types of pins.
Corresponds to pin quenched coils and each type of journal
Divided on both sides of the pin hardening coil and
With the next hardened coil
An induction hardening device for a crankshaft.