JPH0616838B2 - Air purifier - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an air purifying agent effective for removing odors from indoor air in offices, homes and the like.

2. Description of the Related Art The malodor generated in living spaces such as offices and homes compositionally contains lower aliphatic aldehydes such as acetone aldehyde, ammonia, lower amines, hydrocarbons, hydrogen sulfide, and methyl mercaptan. A typical example is the odor generated when smoking a cigarette.

On the other hand, generally, activated carbon is often used as an air purifying agent. Activated carbon is a peculiar material that has extremely excellent adsorptivity as a non-polar adsorbent, and exhibits high adsorptivity for almost all gaseous substances. However, with ordinary activated carbon, lower aliphatic aldehyde and ammonia,
It is difficult to remove lower amines.

As a method for solving the above-mentioned drawbacks of activated carbon, an adsorbent in which activated carbon is impregnated with aniline is disclosed in Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 54095/1985, and 100 parts of activated carbon impregnated with 1 to 30 parts of aniline is acetaldehyde in a gas phase. Is described as being effective in adsorbing lower aliphatic aldehydes.

Furthermore, it is a known technique for using a porous substance such as activated carbon or the like with an inorganic acid such as sulfuric acid or phosphoric acid to be used as a deodorant, which has been put to practical use as an excellent adsorbent for ammonia and lower amines. .

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention Therefore, by mixing the above various activated carbons,
The bad smell of living space can be removed. However, among the above-mentioned conventional activated carbons, activated carbon impregnated with aniline has a problem in durability. Since the aniline has a weak adsorptivity to activated carbon, it has a problem that even if a large amount of aniline is impregnated, the aniline is desorbed by the addition of heat or the like, and the adsorptivity of the lower aliphatic aldehyde becomes weak.

Then, this invention aims at obtaining the air purifying agent which can remove any odor and is excellent in durability.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve these objects, the present invention is an activated carbon impregnated with an aniline phosphate, an air purifier obtained by mixing activated carbon impregnated with phosphoric acid, and an aniline phosphate is impregnated. Activated carbon, an air purifying agent obtained by mixing activated carbon impregnated with phosphoric acid and non-impregnated activated carbon, an activated air carbon impregnated with an aniline phosphate salt, an air purifying agent obtained by mixing activated carbon impregnated with phosphoric acid and activated carbon impregnated with aniline , Aniline phosphoric acid salt and aniline impregnated activated carbon, air purifier made by mixing phosphoric acid impregnated activated carbon, activated carbon impregnated both aniline phosphate salt and aniline, activated carbon impregnated with phosphoric acid An air purifier made by mixing impregnated activated carbon, activated carbon impregnated with both aniline phosphate and aniline, activated with phosphoric acid. This is an air purifier obtained by mixing activated carbon impregnated with natural carbon and aniline.

Action Activated carbon impregnated with aniline phosphate has excellent adsorbability of lower aliphatic aldehydes due to the addition reaction of aniline and aldehyde, and also has excellent durability because it does not desorb aniline gas. Further, since the aniline phosphate is attached to the macropores, cracks or surface portions of the activated carbon, the activity of the micropores is less reduced and the adsorption of hydrocarbons is relatively excellent. If the amount of aniline phosphate salt added is too much and exceeds about 12% by weight, the adsorption rate of aldehyde will gradually decrease, and about 6% by weight.
If it exceeds the range, the pH becomes acidic and the adsorptivity of hydrogen sulfide or methyl mercaptan or the catalytic decomposability deteriorates. Therefore, when it is desired to further improve the aldehyde adsorption capacity, aniline is further impregnated or activated carbon having a small amount of aniline impregnated is separately mixed. On the other hand, when it is desired to further improve the adsorptivity or catalytic decomposability of hydrogen sulfide or methyl mercaptan and the adsorptivity of hydrocarbons, non-impregnated activated carbon or activated carbon impregnated with a small amount of aniline is mixed separately. Activated carbon impregnated with phosphoric acid has excellent adsorptivity for ammonia and lower amines due to a neutralization reaction with phosphoric acid. Therefore, by mixing these activated carbons according to the properties of the target odor, all odors can be removed and excellent high performance can be maintained for a long time. Further, since these have a high adsorption speed, they are effective for an air purification filter, and an air cleaning device using this can have excellent deodorizing performance.

EXAMPLES The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples, but these examples do not limit the present invention in any way.

Example 1 The activated carbon used here generally has a large surface area of several hundred m ² per 1 g or more, and can be used in a wide range as long as it is a carbon material showing high adsorptivity. As a raw material for the active chest, a charcoal such as a palm shell or wood is usually used, or coal is used. The activation method may be obtained by steam or carbon dioxide at a high temperature or by any method such as treatment with zinc chloride, phosphoric acid or concentrated sulfuric acid, but the steam activation method is preferred here. In addition, although the shape is effective with any of crushed coal, granulated coal and granulated coal, a sheet-shaped adsorption layer impregnated with granulated coal or activated carbon is convenient in terms of handling such as pressure loss and replacement.

Next, a method for adjusting the activated carbon shown in Table 1 used here will be described. Activated carbons A1 to A3 are crushed coconut shell activated carbons of 6 to 12 mesh with normal adsorption capacity 100
6 parts, 12 parts, and 15 parts of fine powder obtained by crushing aniline phosphate crystals to 100 mesh or less with 20 parts of water, respectively.
A suspension of water was prepared, and the suspension of aniline phosphate was thoroughly stirred and sprinkled on it while thoroughly stirring the activated carbon. Thereafter, the attached activated carbon was dried in a dryer at a temperature of 120 ° C. for 3 hours. A4 is the same method as A1 to A3, and the one in which aniline phosphate is impregnated is placed in a sealed container, 4 parts of aniline is sprinkled, and the aniline is left in a thermostatic chamber at a temperature of 40 ° C for 40 hours in a sealed state, and the aniline is spread over the entire activated carbon. It was attached on average. Next, as a comparative sample, 100 parts of activated carbon was placed in a closed container and sprinkled with 4 parts and 8 parts of aniline,
The mixture was allowed to stand in a thermostatic chamber at a temperature of 40 ° C. for 40 hours in a sealed state to facilitate B1 and B2 in which aniline was impregnated on the entire activated carbon and non-impregnated carbon B3. The following experiments were conducted using these samples.

A circulation system adsorption rate measuring device was used in which a glass bottle having a volume of 30 l, a glass tube column having an inner diameter of 36 mm, and a diaphragm pump were connected. Adjust acetaldehyde gas or hydrogen sulfide gas having a concentration of 40 to 70 ppm in the glass bottle,
The column is filled with 2.8 g of sample. A gas is circulated at a flow rate of 45 cm / sec to be adsorbed on activated carbon. The gas in the glass bottle is sampled at regular intervals, and the concentration of acetaldehyde is measured by a high-sensitivity gas chromatograph with a FID (flame ionizaton detector).
It was analyzed by a highly sensitive gas chromatograph equipped with an etric detector. Adsorption decay curves of acetaldehyde and hydrogen sulfide for seven samples are shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. The acetaldehyde adsorption rate was faster with aniline phosphate impregnation than with aniline impregnation.
10wt% is faster than 10%. The adsorption rate of hydrogen sulfide is slower in the aniline phosphate salt impregnation than in the aniline impregnation, and becomes sharply slower particularly when it exceeds 6 wt%.

Example 2 Using the samples of A2, A4 and B2 prepared in Example 1, the aniline desorption property was examined. A glass tube column with an inner diameter of 50 mm set in a thermostatic layer at a temperature of 50 ° C. is filled with 100 g of a sample, and fresh air at a temperature of 50 ° C. is supplied at a flow rate of 470 ml / mi.
FIG. 3 shows the results obtained by measuring the aniline gas concentration in the outlet gas with a high-sensitivity gas chromatograph equipped with FID by passing n. The amount of aniline released from B2 impregnated with 8 wt% of aniline is overwhelmingly large.

Example 3 The activity obtained by impregnating the activated carbon used in Example 1 with phosphoric acid was used. Equilibrium adsorption amounts of typical malodorous components such as acetaldehyde, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and benzene were measured by adding a charcoal and changing the proportions shown in Table 2. As a comparative example, the formulations shown in Table 3 were also measured.

To impregnate phosphoric acid, dip it in a solution of 27 parts of phosphoric acid and allow it to be sufficiently adsorbed in the pores of activated carbon, then filter and dry or sprinkle the solution and dry the impregnated product. You may.

Next, a method for measuring the equilibrium adsorption amount of acetaldehyde will be described. After taking 2 g of each of the compounds shown in Tables 2 and 3 and putting them in a glass bottle having a capacity of 3.97,
A predetermined acetaldehyde solution is injected and vaporized. Next, it was left in a thermo-hygrostat at 25 ° C. and RH 60%, and the acetaldehyde concentration was measured with a gas detector tube. When the equilibrium was reached, the relationship between the adsorbed amount of acetaldehyde and the gas concentration was investigated, and the isotherm adsorption line was measured. Then, the adsorption amount when the gas concentration was 10 ppm was defined as the equilibrium adsorption amount. Similarly, ammonia is 10ppm, hydrogen sulfide is 1ppm, and benzene is 5ppm.
The equilibrium adsorption amount of was determined. The results are shown in Tables 2 and 3. The example is superior to acetaldehyde as compared with the comparative example, and the performance is well balanced as a whole. Also, the performance for acetaldehyde, hydrogen sulfide, and benzene can be changed by slightly changing the composition of each activated carbon. Here, the amount of the phosphoric acid impregnated carbon is fixed, but by increasing or decreasing this amount, the performance with respect to ammonia and other gases can be further changed.

For example, a lot of A1 and A4 for tobacco odors containing a lot of aldehydes, a lot of phosphate-impregnated carbon for a fish odor containing a lot of amines and ammonia, and a pet odor, and vegetables containing a lot of sulfur-containing compounds and hydrocarbons. For food waste odors, toilet odors, leather odors, etc., a large amount of B1 or B3 may be added.

Example 4 Next, an example of an air purifying filter and an air purifying apparatus using the air purifying agent of the present invention will be described. The air purifiers used here are Formulations X1, X4, X6 and Comparative Example Y2. FIG. 4 is an overall view of the air purification filter of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged view thereof. Reference numeral 1 is a honeycomb substrate made of kraft paper or the like. Here, a cell having a cell size of 12 mm and a thickness of 7 mm was used. 2 is an air purifying agent of the compound X or the compound Y, and 3 in the honeycomb base
00 g is uniformly filled. The particles of the air purifying agent 2 are 6 to 1
A crushed mesh of 2 mesh was used. Reference numeral 3 is a non-woven fabric, which is a fibrous non-woven fabric made of a thermoplastic resin such as polyester, acrylic, PP, PE, etc., which retains some elasticity like cotton, and has a basis weight of 10 to 50 g / m ² and a wind speed. 1
Use a pressure loss of 1 mmAq or less at m / sec. As an adhesive sheet 4 for joining the honeycomb-shaped base material 1 and the non-woven fabric 3, a solvent-free, heat-fusion-type resin (nylon-based, acrylic-based, etc.) is made into a fibrous form and has a high aperture ratio Adhesive sheet is used.

As the processing procedure, first, the honeycomb-shaped substrate 1 and the non-woven fabric 3
Only one side is joined by a hot press or the like with the web-like adhesive sheet 4, and then the air purifying agent 2 is evenly sprayed from above. Then spider web adhesive sheet 4
Is placed and heated by a hot press or the like to complete the filter S.

The air purifying filter S thus obtained is used in an actual air purifying device as shown in FIG. Reference numeral 5 is an air inlet, 6 is an air outlet, 7 is a controller, and 8 is a jig for setting a filter. FIG. 7 shows the internal structure of the air purifying apparatus when viewed from above. The air purification filter S is set by the jig 8 as shown in FIG. 9 is a pre-filter for removing large dust in the air,
10 is a filter for electrostatic dust collection, 11 is a motor, 12 is a fan part, and 13 is a flow path of air. 14 is an anode discharge electrode for generating a high voltage for electrostatic dust collection, 15 is a metal plate as a counter electrode, 16 is a lath set after the electrostatic dust collection filter 10 to polarize the electrostatic dust collection filter 10. It is a ground electrode for conductors such as wire mesh.

The air purifying device thus obtained is made of glass 1
An air purifying device was operated to adsorb smoke and odor while putting 10 cigarettes (Seven Stars) that were lit at the same time in a m ² box for spontaneous combustion. When the smoke and odor concentrations became almost constant, 10 more cigarettes were added and burned. In this way, 30 cigarettes are adsorbed per day, and another 30 cigarettes are adsorbed after a lapse of about 20 hours.
By repeating this, a total of 60 cigarettes were adsorbed. Put this air purification filter S in a polyethylene bag for about 2
After leaving it for 0 hour, it was set in an air purifier and the odor of cigarette and the adsorption decay curve of hydrogen sulfide were measured. The measurement method is to put one cigarette (Seven Star) in a glass 1 m ² box with an air purifier inside,
The inside of the box is agitated by a fan to burn the tobacco and to uniformly disperse the smoke and odor therein. The initial value was measured when all the tobacco had burned, and then the air purifier was operated to examine the relationship between the operating time and the amount of residual odor, and the adsorption decay curve was measured. In the case of hydrogen sulfide, a standard gas of about 1% hydrogen sulfide was added instead of the above-mentioned cigarette, and the initial concentration was adjusted to about 20 ppm. Gas concentration analysis
Aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, ketones, aldehydes, carboxylic acids having a boiling point of -70 ° C or higher in tobacco odor,
Nitrogen compounds such as nicotine and pyridine (including almost odorless components. This is called FID total) and acetaldehyde in a high-sensitivity gas chromatograph with FID, and the concentration of ammonia in tobacco odor are detected in a gas detector tube. Further, hydrogen sulfide was analyzed by a high-sensitivity gas chromatograph with FPD. The air purifier has an air volume of 2.
It was operated at 8 m ² / min. The results are shown in Table 4.

As is clear from these, in the formulation of the example of the present invention, while substantially maintaining the adsorption ability of other odorous components,
It has excellent durability life of acetaldehyde adsorption capacity.

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION As is clear from the above-mentioned embodiments, the air purifying agent, the air purifying filter, and the air purifying apparatus of the present invention can remove any odor and have excellent durability.
Also, it excels in the ability to adsorb all components contained in odor,
Further, it is possible to obtain a balanced performance in the persistence of the adsorption capacity.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an adsorption decay curve of aniline phosphate-impregnated carbon used in the present invention, both aniline phosphate and aniline impregnated carbon and acetaldehyde adsorption decay curves of conventional aniline-impregnated carbon and non-impregnated carbon, and FIG. 2 is FIG. Adsorption decay curve of hydrogen sulfide for the same activated carbon as in Fig. 3, Fig. 3 shows aniline phosphate impregnated carbon, and both aniline phosphate impregnated carbon and aniline impregnated carbon and conventional aniline impregnated carbon at 50 ° C. A graph showing the amount of aniline released, FIG. 4 is a sectional view of an embodiment of the air purification filter of the present invention, and FIG.
FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a part of the drawing, and FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 are a perspective view and a cross-sectional view of an air purifying device in which the air purifying filter of the present invention is used. 2 ... Air purification agent, S ... Air purification filter

Front page continued (72) Inventor Yasushi Takano 1006 Kadoma, Kadoma City, Osaka Prefecture Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-63-283645 (JP, A)

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. An air purification agent obtained by mixing activated carbon impregnated with aniline phosphate and activated carbon impregnated with phosphoric acid. 2. An air purifying agent obtained by mixing activated carbon impregnated with aniline phosphate, activated carbon impregnated with phosphoric acid, and activated carbon without impregnation. 3. An air purification agent obtained by mixing activated carbon impregnated with aniline phosphate, activated carbon impregnated with phosphoric acid and activated carbon impregnated with aniline. 4. An air purifying agent obtained by mixing activated carbon having both aniline phosphate and aniline impregnated therein, and activated carbon having phosphoric acid impregnated therein. 5. An air purification agent obtained by mixing activated carbon impregnated with both aniline phosphate and aniline, activated carbon impregnated with phosphoric acid and non-impregnated activated carbon. 6. An air purifier obtained by mixing activated carbon having both aniline phosphate and aniline impregnated therein, activated carbon having phosphoric acid impregnated therein and activated carbon impregnated with aniline.