JPH02160042A - Air cleaner - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enhance odorous component adsorbability and durability by using a mixture composed of an active carbon carrying aniline phosphate salt and active carbon carrying phosphoric acid or further a mixture composed thereof and non-carrying active carbon, etc., as the air cleaner. CONSTITUTION:The air cleaner is formed by adding and mixing the active carbon carrying the aniline phosphate salt and the active carbon carrying the phosphoric acid and if desired, the non-carrying active carbon. The air cleaner is also formed by mixing the active carbon carrying the aniline phosphate salt, the active carbon carrying the phosphoric acid and the active carbon carrying the aniline. Further, the air cleaner is formed by mixing the active carbon carrying the aniline phosphate salt and aniline, the active carbon carrying the phosphoric acid and if desired, the non-carrying active carbon. These air cleaners have the excellent adsorbing power of all the odorous components and have the well balanced performance in the sustaining property of the adsorbing power.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to an air purifying agent≠Misaisen→44 that is effective for removing odor from indoor air in offices, homes, and the like.

Conventional technology The bad odors that occur in offices, homes, and other living spaces are composed of lower aliphatic aldehydes such as acetaldehyde,
Contains ammonia, lower amines, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan, etc. A typical example is the odor that occurs when smoking cigarettes.

On the other hand, activated carbon is often used as an air purifying agent for boat fishing. Activated carbon is a unique material that has extremely excellent adsorption properties as a non-polar adsorbent, and exhibits high adsorption properties for almost all gaseous substances.

However, with ordinary activated carbon, it is difficult to remove lower aliphatic aldehydes, ammonia, and lower amines among the above-mentioned foul odors.

As a method to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks of activated carbon, an adsorbent in which activated carbon is impregnated with aniline is disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-54095, in which 100 parts of activated carbon is impregnated with 30 parts of A=1771 to 30 parts. It is described as being effective in adsorbing lower aliphatic aldehydes such as acetaldehyde.

Furthermore, the use of porous materials such as activated carbon as impregnated with inorganic acids such as sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid as deodorizers is already a well-known technology and has been put into practical use as an excellent adsorbent for ammonia and lower amines. .

Problem to be Solved by the Invention However, by mixing the above-mentioned types of activated carbon,
Most bad odors in living spaces can be removed.

However, among the above conventional activated carbons, activated carbon impregnated with aniline has a problem in durability.

This is because the adsorption and retention power of aniline to activated carbon is weak.
Even if a large amount is attached, it will detach due to the addition of heat, etc.
There was a problem that the adsorption power of lower aliphatic aldehydes became weaker.

Therefore, the object of the present invention is to create an air purifying agent that can remove any odor and has excellent durability.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve these objects, the present invention provides activated carbon impregnated with aniline phosphoric acid salt, an air purifying agent made by mixing activated carbon impregnated with phosphoric acid, and an air purifying agent impregnated with aniline phosphoric acid salt. Air purification agent made by mixing activated carbon, activated carbon impregnated with phosphoric acid, and activated carbon without impregnation; Air purification made by mixing activated carbon impregnated with ani-177 phosphate, activated carbon impregnated with phosphoric acid, and activated carbon impregnated with aniline. activated carbon impregnated with both phosphoric acid aniline salt and aniline, air purifying agent made by mixing activated carbon impregnated with phosphoric acid, activated carbon impregnated with both phosphoric acid aniline salt and aniline, activated carbon impregnated with phosphoric acid, and An air purifying agent made by mixing non-impregnated activated carbon, or an air purifying agent made by mixing activated carbon impregnated with both phosphoric acid aniline salt and aniline, activated carbon impregnated with phosphoric acid, and activated carbon impregnated with aniline. be.

Activated carbon impregnated with functional phosphoric acid salt has excellent adsorption properties for lower aliphatic aldehydes due to the addition reaction between aniline and aldehyde, and also has excellent durability because there is no desorption of aniline gas. Furthermore, since the phosphoric acid aniline salt is attached to the macropores, cracks, or surface portions of the activated carbon, there is little reduction in the activity of the micropores, and the adsorption of hydrocarbons is relatively hard. If the amount of phosphoric acid anion+7 salt impregnated is too large and exceeds about 12% by weight, the adsorption rate of aldehyde will gradually slow down, and if it exceeds about 6% by weight, the pH will become acidic and hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan will be absorbed. adsorption or catalytic decomposition become worse. Therefore, if you want to improve the adsorption capacity of aldehyde,
Furthermore, aniline is impregnated, or activated carbon impregnated with a small amount of aniline is separately mixed. On the other hand, if you want to improve the adsorption or catalytic decomposition of hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan, or the adsorption of hydrocarbons, use unimpregnated activated carbon or Ayu 1.
, 1 ton of activated carbon impregnated with a small amount is separately mixed. Activated carbon impregnated with phosphoric acid has excellent adsorption properties for ammonia and lower amines due to the neutralization reaction with phosphoric acid. Therefore, by mixing these activated carbons according to the nature of the target odor, all kinds of odors can be removed and excellent high performance can be maintained for a long time. Furthermore, these are effective in air purification filters because of their fast adsorption speed, and air purification devices using them can have excellent deodorizing performance.

EXAMPLES The present invention will be specifically explained with reference to Examples below, but these Examples are not intended to limit the present invention in any way.

Example 1 The activated carbon used here usually has a large surface area of several hundred dl per cylinder or more, and can be used in a wide range of materials as long as it exhibits high adsorption properties. The raw material for activated carbon is usually coconut shells, charred materials such as wood, or carbonized charcoal, but either method is acceptable.

Also, the activation method may be one obtained by using steam or carbon dioxide at high temperature, or by treatment with zinc chloride, phosphorus, concentrated sulfuric acid, etc., but the steam activation method is preferred here. Furthermore, although the effect can be recognized in any shape such as crushed coal, granulated coal, or granulation method, a sheet-like adsorption layer impregnated with granulated carbon or activated carbon is convenient in terms of handling such as pressure loss and replacement.

Next, a method for preparing the activated carbon shown in Table 1 used here will be explained. Activated carbon of A1-A3 is crushed coconut shell activated carbon 100 of 6 to 12 meshes with normal adsorption capacity.
1 part, 6 parts, 12 parts, and 15 parts of fine powder obtained by crushing phosphoric acid aniline salt crystals to 100 mesh or less, respectively, and 20 parts of water.
A suspension of phosphoric acid aniline salt was prepared little by little while stirring the activated carbon. Thereafter, the attached activated carbon was dried for 3 hours in a dryer at a temperature of 120°C. For A4, put the phosphoric acid aniline salt impregnated in the same way as A1-A3 into a sealed container, sprinkle 4 parts of aniline, and leave it in a thermostatic bath at a temperature of 40°C in the sealed container for 40 hours. was attached on average. Next, as a comparison sample, 100 parts of activated carbon was placed in a sealed container, sprinkled with 4 parts and 8 parts of aniline, and left in a sealed state in a constant temperature bath at a temperature of 40°C for 40 hours. B1, B2 and non-impregnated charcoal B3 were prepared. The following experiment was conducted using these samples.

Table 1 A circulation system adsorption rate measuring device was used in which a column and a 7-diameter pump were connected. Acetaldehyde gas or hydrogen sulfide gas having a concentration of 40 to 70 ppm is prepared in the glass bottle, and 2.8 g of the sample is packed into the column. flow rate 45
Gas is circulated using cs/bee and adsorbed onto activated carbon. Sample the gas in the glass bottle at regular intervals,
The concentration of acetaldehyde is determined from F (flame 1o
Hydrogen sulfide is detected using a highly sensitive gas chromatograph equipped with a FPD (flame detector).
It was analyzed using a high-sensitivity gas chromatograph equipped with photometry (CD@tector). Figures 1 and 2 show the adsorption decay curves of acetaldehyde and hydrogen sulfide for seven samples. The adsorption rate of acetaldehyde is faster when impregnated with aniline phosphate than when aniline is impregnated, but it is faster when aniline phosphate is impregnated with 19 wt% than with 15 wt%. The adsorption rate of hydrogen sulfide is slower when impregnated with aniline phosphate than when impregnated with aniline, and becomes suddenly slower when KQwt% is exceeded.

Example 2 A2. prepared in Example 1. A4. The removability of aniline was investigated using sample B2. A 2mm glass tube with an inner diameter of 50mm set in a thermostatic chamber at a temperature of 50°C was filled with 100 seconds of the sample, and 7 liters of air at a temperature of 50°C was heated at a flow rate of 470W.
/min, and the aniline gas concentration in the outlet gas is F.
The results of measurement using a high-sensitivity gas chromatograph with ID are shown in FIG. The amount of aniline released from B2 impregnated with gwt% of aniline is overwhelmingly large.

Example 3 Activated superficial carbon impregnated with phosphoric acid was added to the activated carbon used in Example 1, and the proportions shown in Table 2 were changed to produce typical malodorous components such as acetaldehyde, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, and benzene. The equilibrium adsorption amount of was measured.

Further, as a comparative example, the formulations shown in Table 3 were also measured.

To impregnate phosphoric acid, immerse the activated carbon in a solution of 27 parts of phosphoric acid so that it is fully adsorbed into the pores of the activated carbon, and then filter and dry it, or sprinkle the solution on it to fully impregnate it and then dry it. You may do so.

Next, a method for measuring the equilibrium adsorption amount of acetaldehyde will be explained. After taking 29 grams of each of the mixtures as shown in Tables 2 and 3 and placing them in a glass bottle with a capacity of 3.971 cm, a specified acetaldehyde solution was poured into the bottle and vaporized. Next, it was left in a constant temperature and humidity chamber at 25° C. and RH 60%, and the acetaldehyde concentration was measured using a gas detection tube. The relationship between the amount of acetaldehyde adsorbed and the gas concentration when equilibrium was reached was investigated, and the isothermal adsorption line was measured. And gas concentration I Qppm
The amount of adsorption at the time was taken as the equilibrium adsorption amount. Similarly, the equilibrium adsorption amounts of ammonia (101) pln, hydrogen sulfide (lppm), and benzene (5111m) were determined. These results are the second
Table 3 shows the results. Compared to the comparative example, the example is superior to the acetaldehyde trap, and has a well-balanced overall performance. Furthermore, if the composition of each activated carbon is slightly changed, acetaldehyde, hydrogen sulfide,
Performance against benzene can be changed. Here, the amount of phosphoric acid-impregnated carbon was kept constant, but by increasing or decreasing this amount, the performance against ammonia and other gases can also be varied.

For example, use more A1 or A4 for tobacco odors that are rich in aldehydes, use more phosphoric acid-impregnated charcoal for fish odors, pet odors, etc. that are rich in amines and ammonia, and use vegetables that are rich in sulfur-containing compounds and hydrocarbons. Bl-? It is sufficient to mix a large amount of B3.

Example 4 Next, an air purifying filter and an air purifying device using the air purifying agent of the present invention will be described with reference to an example. The air purifying agent used here has a composition of x1° x4. X6 and Comparative Example Y2. FIG. 4 is an overall view of the air purifying filter of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged view thereof. 1 is a honeycomb-shaped base material made of kraft paper or the like. Here, a cell with a cell size of 12 cm and a thickness of 7 cm was used. 2 is an air purifying agent of blend x1 or blend Y, and 300 g of each of the air purifying agents is uniformly filled into a honeycomb-shaped base. The particles of air purifying agent 2 are 6~
A crushed piece of 12 meshes was used. 3 is a nonwoven fabric, which is a fibrous nonwoven fabric made of thermoplastic resin such as polyester, acrylic, PP, PG, etc., which retains some elasticity like cotton, has a basis weight of 10 to 50 s/d, and has a wind speed of 10 to 50 s/d. Use one with a pressure loss of 1 wm A q or less at 1 m/SeO. As the adhesive sheet 4 for bonding the cam-shaped base material 1 and the nonwoven fabric 3, a nonwoven fabric made of solvent-free heat-sealing resin (nylon, acrylic, etc.) and having a high aperture ratio is used. A nest-like adhesive sheet is used.

As for the processing procedure, first, a honeycomb-shaped base material 1 and a nonwoven fabric 3 are
are bonded together on one side using a spider web-like adhesive sheet 4 using a hot press or the like, and then the air purifying agent 2 is uniformly sprinkled thereon. Then apply spider web adhesive sheet 4 on top of it.
The filter S is completed by placing the filter and heating it with a hot press or the like.

The air purifying filter S thus obtained is used in an actual air purifying device as shown in FIG. 5 is an air inlet, 6 is an air outlet, 7 is a control section, and 8 is a jig for setting a filter. FIG. 7 shows the internal structure of this air purifying device viewed from above. The air purifying filter S is set using a jig 8 as shown in FIG.

9 is a pre-filter that removes large dust particles from the air, 10
11 is a motor, 1z is a fan section, and 13 is an air flow path. 14 is a discharge electrode of an anode for generating high voltage for electrostatic precipitate, 15 is a metal plate as a counter electrode, and 16 is a lath set after the electrostatic precipitator filter 10 to polarize the electrostatic precipitator filter 10. This is a grounding electrode for a conductor such as a wire mesh.

The air purifying device obtained in this way was
- 10 lighted cigarettes (Seven Stars) were placed in a box and allowed to burn naturally, while an air purifier was operated to absorb smoke and odor. When the concentration of smoke and odor became almost constant, 10 more cigarettes were added and burned. In this way, 30 cigarettes are adsorbed in one day, and after about 20 hours, an additional 30 cigarettes are adsorbed.

This was repeated to adsorb a total of 60 cigarettes.

This air purifying filter S was placed in a polyethylene bag and left for about 20 hours, and then set in an air purifying device and the adsorption decay curves of tobacco odor and hydrogen sulfide were measured. The measurement method is to put one lit cigarette (Seven Star) in a glass box with an air purifier placed inside, and stir the inside of the box at 77-tons to burn the cigarette. Evenly disperses smoke and odors inside. The initial value was measured when all the cigarettes were burned, and then the air purifier was operated to examine the relationship between the operating time and the amount of residual odor and measure the adsorption decay curve. In the case of hydrogen sulfide, a standard gas of about 1% hydrogen sulfide was introduced in place of the tobacco described above, and the initial concentration was adjusted to about zoppm. Gas concentration analysis is based on the total amount of aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, ketones, aldehydes, various bonic acids, nitrogen compounds such as nicotine and pyridine, etc. with a boiling point of -70°C or higher in tobacco odor. (This is called total rather than F) and acetaldehyde are measured using a high-sensitivity gas chromatograph with FID, the concentration of ammonia in tobacco products is measured using a gas detection tube, and hydrogen sulfide is detected using a high-sensitivity gas chromatograph with FPD. I went with a tograph. The air purifier has an air volume of 2.8
I drove at j/mi, n. The results are shown in Table 4.

Table 4 As is clear from these figures, in the formulations of the examples of the present invention, while almost maintaining the adsorption ability of other odor components,
The durability of the acetaldehyde adsorption ability is excellent.

Effects of the Invention As is clear from the above-mentioned Examples, the air purifying agent, air purifying filter, and air purifying device of the present invention can remove any odor and have excellent durability.

In addition, it has excellent adsorption ability for all components contained in odors,
Furthermore, it is possible to obtain well-balanced performance in terms of sustainability of adsorption capacity.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 shows the acetaldehyde adsorption decay curves of the carbon impregnated with the phosphoric acid aniline salt used in the present invention, the carbon impregnated with both the phosphoric acid aniline salt and aniline, and the conventional aniline-impregnated carbon and non-impregnated carbon. The adsorption decay curve of hydrogen sulfide for the same activated carbon as shown in the figure. Figure 3 shows when air at 50°C is passed through the carbon impregnated with aniline phosphate, the carbon impregnated with both aniline phosphate and aniline, and the conventional aniline impregnated carbon. Detachment to. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the air purifying filter of the present invention, FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion of FIG. 4, and FIGS. 1 is a perspective view and a sectional view of an air purifying device in which the air purifying filter of the present invention is used. FIG. 2-1 Air purifying agent S-1 Air purifying filter Deseto
Kuraray Chemical Hayashiki Company

Claims (6)

[Claims] (1) An air purifying agent made by mixing activated carbon impregnated with phosphoric acid aniline salt and activated carbon impregnated with phosphoric acid. (2) An air purifying agent made by mixing activated carbon impregnated with phosphoric acid aniline salt, activated carbon impregnated with phosphoric acid, and non-impregnated activated carbon. (3) An air purifying agent made by mixing activated carbon impregnated with phosphoric acid aniline salt, activated carbon impregnated with phosphoric acid, and activated carbon impregnated with aniline. (4) An air purifying agent made by mixing activated carbon impregnated with both phosphoric acid aniline salt and aniline, and activated carbon impregnated with phosphoric acid. (5) An air purifying agent made by mixing activated carbon impregnated with both phosphoric acid aniline salt and aniline, activated carbon impregnated with phosphoric acid, and non-impregnated activated carbon. (6) An air purifying agent made by mixing activated carbon impregnated with both phosphoric acid aniline salt and aniline, activated carbon impregnated with phosphoric acid, and activated carbon impregnated with aniline.