JPH06162037A - Plan forming system for production planning - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To form the production planning having many best solutions by calculating the state amount of a product and a producing device, selecting an applied dispatching rule, based on the result of its calculation, and calculating an evaluation amount, based on its rule. CONSTITUTION:First of all, information of a product and a producing device is read in from an external storage device 5, and if an unprocessed product exists, an allocation processing of the remaining products is executed. First of all, by using a calculating means 101 of a state amount, the state amount of the producing device and the product is calculated, and in accordance with the state of the calculated producing device and product, plural kinds of state amounts of the product are ranked. Subsequently, based on its rank, from rules of plural rule 1, rule 2, etc., which are accumulated, the rule being the most suitable fro allocation is selected/changed. Next, by using a calculating expression of an evaluation amount inputted from a keyboard, the evaluation amount based on the selected rule is executed, and based on the evaluation amount, an evaluation score for showing a degree of priority of allocation of the product is calculated. Thereafter, an allocation processing of the product and production planning are formed in order of a high evaluation point.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of drafting a production plan for allocating a product for each production unit to a time axis of a process control chart of a production apparatus.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a method for allocating a product to a production device, a deterministic dispatching method using a dispatching rule ("Scheduling theory" p173-p177) is used.
The Nikkan Kogyo Shimbun (published by Sekine) is known. The deterministic dispatching method, when allocating all products,
Always apply a constant rule (Fig. 7-1). Figure 7-3
Figure 2 shows an example of production planning by the deterministic dispatching method.

When the products A, B and C shown in FIG. 7-2 are allocated to the production apparatus, for example, if the allocation is performed by the rule 1 such that the product with the smallest delivery deadline is selected, the delivery deadline is reduced. Since they are 3 days, 4 days, and 6 days, respectively, the production order of the products is A → B → C in the ascending order of delivery time.

When the allocation is performed by the rule 2 such that the one having the smallest work time is selected, the work time is 1 hour, 5 hours and 3 hours, respectively, so that the products are produced in the order of A → C → B. .

When the allocation is made by the rule 3 such that the one having the largest remaining work amount is selected, the remaining work amount is proportional to the production amount, so that the production amounts are 50K and 10K, respectively.
Since the number of products is 150K, the products are produced in the order of increasing production amount, C → B → A.

As described above, the planning by the deterministic dispatching method is a planning which depends on the rule to be assigned. However, in reality, the scheduling period is a long period, such as several months, so during that period, the plan can be drafted due to changes in the production equipment state such as production efficiency and the product state such as the delivery deadline. Occasionally it may not be appropriate.

In order to solve the above problem, a probabilistic dispatching method ("Theory of scheduling" p180-p186 translated by Nikkan Kogyo Shimbun, translated by Sekine) using a dispatching rule is studied.

In the stochastic dispatching method, the rule applied to each production unit when one plan is drafted is sometimes randomly switched to another rule to perform scheduling. It is a method of making several plans and selecting the most appropriate plan from them.

[0009]

In the deterministic dispatching method used in the past, a fixed rule is always applied during the allocation of all products.
Depending on the rule, the schedules to be planned differ greatly, and the frequency of occurrence of the best solution depends on the rule applied. Therefore, improper planning may occur.

A method devised to solve this problem is the stochastic dispatching method. However, this method has a problem that it takes time to create a plurality of alternatives in order to always make several plans and select the most appropriate plan from them. Also, by changing the rule from time to time and performing scheduling, the frequency of appearance of the best solution increases on average as compared with the deterministic dispatching method,
Since the work of switching the rules from time to time is performed randomly, there still remains a problem that the frequency of appearance of the best solution depends on the rule to be applied.

It is an object of the present invention to uniformly obtain the best solution for each product and to make the best production plan in a short time by eliminating the need for preparing a plurality of alternatives.

Another object of the present invention is to rank a plurality of kinds of state quantities of a production apparatus and a product, and to distinguish one kind of dispatching rule based on the rank of the ranked state quantities. Allocation rule from accumulated rules
Select a rule and calculate the evaluation amount (values of spare days for delivery, remaining work amount, work time, etc. to be evaluated for the product) based on the selected rule, and based on the evaluation amount , Using the calculation formula of the evaluation point that shows the priority of allocation for each product,
The purpose is to calculate the evaluation points and determine the allocation order of the products based on the evaluation results (allocate in descending order of evaluation points) to formulate a production plan with more optimal solutions.

[0013]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In short, the present invention calculates the state quantities of a product and a production apparatus, selects a dispatching rule to be applied based on the calculation result, and evaluates based on the rule. The amount is calculated, an evaluation point indicating the priority of allocation is calculated based on the calculated evaluation amount, and the products are allocated based on the evaluation point.

That is, according to the present invention, in a system for formulating a production plan, means for calculating a plurality of types of state quantities of a production apparatus and a product, means for ranking those state quantities, and the rank are used. A means for selecting an allocation rule from the rules accumulated in the accumulating means, and a delivery time allowance, a remaining work amount, a working time, etc. which are objects of evaluation of the product, based on the selected rule. Means for calculating an evaluation amount that is the value of, a means for calculating an evaluation point based on the calculated evaluation amount, and a product having the highest evaluation point based on the evaluation point calculated by the calculating means Is assigned to the time axis of the process control chart of the production apparatus.

[0015]

The means for calculating a plurality of types of state quantities of the production apparatus and the product is information for calculating a plurality of kinds of state quantities of the production apparatus and the product such as the input production amount per day of the production apparatus. Based on the above, each of the calculation formulas is used to calculate, and the ranking means is a means for ranking the calculated state quantities of the product and the production apparatus according to the quantity, and the rule selection means. Is the rule corresponding to each rank of the state quantity of the product and the production apparatus from the rule such as rule 2, rule 1 which is one kind of dispatching rule accumulated in the accumulating means. It is to be selected as an allocation rule, and the evaluation amount calculation means calculates a value based on the selected rule by evaluating items such as spare delivery days and remaining work amount which are targets of product evaluation. The evaluation point calculation means is Evaluation quantity based on, and calculates an evaluation point by using the evaluation point calculation equation preset. As a system for carrying out the present invention, a production device and a plurality of kinds of state quantities of the product and a keyboard for inputting a plurality of rules for allocating the product to the production device are used. An input means, a plurality of types of state quantities of the production device and the product, a plurality of rules for allocating the product to the production device, means for accumulating the result of the allocation processing, and A means for outputting the result of processing a plurality of kinds of state quantities of the production equipment and the product and a plurality of rules for allocating the production equipment to the production equipment, and the production equipment having the highest evaluation point as the production equipment. It has display means such as a display for displaying the allocated result. In this system, the input means is one of dispatching rules for allocating a product to a production device.
Different rules such as rule 2, rule 1, rule 3, etc. are inputted, and the above-mentioned input means also inputs information for calculating a plurality of kinds of state quantities of the production device and the product, A calculation formula of an evaluation point indicating the priority of allocation to the production device of the product is also input, and the accumulating means accumulates the allocation rule selected from the plurality of rules, and further, the product. Accumulation of the calculated value of the evaluation amount, which is the value of the number of delivery days remaining to be evaluated, remaining work amount, work time, etc., Accumulation of calculation formulas, accumulation of evaluation points indicating the priority of product allocation calculated based on the evaluation amount, and based on the evaluation points, the calculation means controls the production process of the production apparatus. The results assigned to the time axis in the figure are also accumulated.

The output means outputs the result of allocating the product to the time axis of the process control chart of the production apparatus,
The display means outputs as a Gantt chart, and the display means allocates the product to the time axis of the process control chart of the production device based on the evaluation points, and the vertical axis represents the process and the horizontal axis represents the time axis. This is displayed as a Gantt chart, and by the above-mentioned respective processes, an optimum production plan can be drafted and confirmed in consideration of the state quantities of the product and the production apparatus.

[0017]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. First, a method for implementing the embodiment on a computer system will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the hardware configuration of a computer system for realizing this embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 1, this system comprises a processing unit 1, a display 2, a keyboard 3, a main storage device 4, an external storage device 5, and a printer 6. Here, the processing unit 1 includes a state quantity calculation means 101, a state quantity ranking means 102, a rule selection means 103, and an evaluation quantity calculation means 10.
4, evaluation point calculation means 105, product allocation means 10
It consists of 6.

The key board 3 is used for inputting rules such as rule 2 which is one kind of dispatching rule for allocating the product to the production device and the state quantity of the product and the production device. To be The processing unit 1 measures the quantity of state of the product such as delivery time margin and the quantity of state of the production apparatus such as working time, ranks the quantity of state, and is a type of dispatching rule.
It is a value such as selection of an allocation rule from the external storage device 5 that accumulates different rules such as rule 1 and rule 3, spare delivery days to be evaluated, remaining work amount, and working time. It is used for calculation of the evaluation amount, calculation of evaluation points indicating the priority of allocation for each production unit, and allocation of products. The main storage device 4 is used for developing rules necessary for processing, development of states of products and production apparatuses, and description of results of each processing. The external storage device 5 stores information such as the above-mentioned rules, products and states of production devices, and processing results. The display and printer are used for displaying and outputting the execution status of the processing and the processing result. The processing flow of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

First, the information of the product and the production apparatus is read from the external storage device 5, expanded on the main storage device 4, and read into the processing unit 1 (steps 7 and 8).

Next, it is judged whether or not there is an unprocessed product, and if there is a product, the remaining product is allocated (step 9). In the allocation processing of the remaining products, first, the state quantity calculation means 101 is used to calculate the state quantities of the production apparatus and the products (step 10), and the production is performed according to the calculated states of the production apparatus and the products. The state quantities of a plurality of types of objects are ranked (step 11). Next, based on the rank, the most suitable rule for allocation is selected / changed from a plurality of accumulated rules 1, rule 2, etc. (step 12).

Next, the evaluation amount based on the selected rule is calculated using the evaluation amount calculation formula input from the keyboard (step 13), and the product is calculated based on the evaluation amount. The evaluation points indicating the priority of allocation are calculated (step 14), the products are allocated in the descending order of evaluation points, and the production plan is prepared (step 15). When there are no unprocessed products, the planning result is output (step 16) and the planning plan is stored in the storage device (step 17).

The major difference between the prior art (deterministic / stochastic dispatching method) and the present invention is that the allocation rule is determined by the state quantity of the production equipment and the product, and the flexibility is given to this rule. That is what I had.

Next, an example of a concrete production plan drafting result according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
3 (1) shows the best solution as a result of classifying the delivery status into 3 ranks such as loose, normal, and tight, selecting / changing the rule based on each rank, and formulating a production plan. Shows the appearance frequency of. The rule here is
It is a dispatching rule, that is, the rule 1 that chooses the one with the least deadline, the rule 2 that chooses the one that requires the least amount of work time, and the rule 3 that chooses the one that has the most remaining work. , Shows the case of using rule 4 which selects products at random. In addition, the best solution is a schedule with the least number of delivery days late, and in the table, the number of times the appearance frequency of the best solution of each rule is calculated in% is It is classified into three types, △ and □. From the planning result shown in (1) of FIG. 3, the frequency of occurrence of the best solution may be higher when the allocation rule is changed depending on the value of the delivery time margin, which is one of the state quantities of the product. Recognize.

Specifically, as shown in (2) of FIG. 3, when the delivery date is rank 1, a good plan is prepared with a higher ratio of rule 2 than other rules, Delivery status is rank 3
In the case of, rule 1 creates a good plan at a higher rate than other rules. From this result, the delivery status is rank 1
If the production order is determined by using rule 2 in the case of, and rule 1 in the case of the state of rank 3, the rule is fixed in the deterministic dispatching method for performing the allocation process. By comparison, it is clear that the best solution is even easier to obtain.

Using the example of (3) in FIG. 3, the allocation rule is specifically selected / changed based on the state quantity of the production device and the product, and the production plan is selected based on the rule. Plan.

In the production apparatus (3) of FIG. 3, when the delivery date is already loose, the rule 1 is used to produce the product by W.
->X-> Y is produced in order, and if the condition is tight,
R2 is used to produce Z. Next, using the rule 1, C having the smallest delivery deadline is produced and allocated to the process 1. In this way, by dynamically changing the rules to be applied, it is possible to make allocations according to changes in the situation.

By the way, when it is desired to create a plan by emphasizing only one condition of "delivery date", this is sufficient, but in the actual determination of the production sequence, the production efficiency of the production apparatus and the load situation change. Therefore, it is necessary to consider other conditions. Therefore, according to the change of the allocation situation, the allocation priority (evaluation point) of the products is calculated so that such items can be comprehensively considered, and the allocation method is realized by the calculation. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, in addition to the delivery date, the ratio of the allocation number to the producible number (load factor) and the ratio of the actual allocation number considering the setup loss to the allocable number (production efficiency) are considered. A plan shall be drawn up. The current allocation status is that the delivery time is usually marginal, the load factor is 15% (rank 2), and the production efficiency is 4
0% (rank 2).

At this time, in the present invention, for example, rule 2,
Applicable rules suitable for each state quantity such as rule 3
From the product sum of the evaluation amount of the rule and the degree of importance of the rule, the evaluation point Ex of the allocation order of the products
Calculate n for all products not yet assigned. Exn = x {evaluation amount (r) * importance (r)} Then, the product having the largest evaluation point is repeatedly assigned to the production apparatus to make a plan. First, the specific determination of the evaluation amount will be described using the data of the evaluation amount and the importance of the production conditions in FIG.

The rule 1 in FIG. 4 is a rule for selecting a product having a small delivery time margin, the rule 2 is a rule for selecting a product having a short working time, and the rule 3 is a rule. It is a rule to choose a machine with a small amount of remaining work. In the example, since the delivery time margin is normal (rank 2), as shown in FIG. 4, the rule 2 is selected and the value obtained by evaluating the working time is calculated as the evaluation amount.
Further, since the load factor is 15% (rank 2), the rule 3 is selected, and the evaluation value of the remaining work amount is calculated as the evaluation amount. In addition, since the production efficiency is 40% (rank 2),
2 is selected, and the value obtained by evaluating the working time is calculated as the evaluation amount. The calculation formula of the evaluation score of the product ABC shown in FIG. 5 is as follows. Ex1 = x {evaluation amount (r) * importance (r)} = (evaluation amount when rule 2 is applied) *
(Priority for delivery margin) + (evaluation amount when rule 3 is applied) * (priority for load factor) + (rule 2
(Evaluation amount when applying) * (Priority to production efficiency) Ea1 = Delivery time margin * Importance of delivery time margin + Remaining work volume *
Importance of load factor + remaining work time * Importance of production efficiency Eb
1 = Delivery time margin * Importance of delivery time margin + Remaining work amount * Importance of load factor + Remaining work time * Importance of production efficiency Ec1 = Delivery time margin * Importance of delivery time allowance + Remaining work volume * Importance of load factor Degree +
Remaining work time * Importance of production efficiency Ea1 = 5 * (-0.
6) + 60 * 0.2 + 1 * (-0.3) = 9 + 0.3 =
9.3Eb1 = 3 * (-0.6) + 70 * 0.2 + 5 *
(-0.3) = 14-3.3 = 11.3 Ec1 = 2 *
(-0.6) + 30 * 0.2 + 3 * (-0.3) = 6-
2.1 = 3.1 Therefore, the priority order is B → A → C in descending order of evaluation points.

Next, the formulas for selecting the rules and calculating the evaluation points when the state quantity of the production apparatus and the product of the above example are changed as follows are shown.

Delivery time allowance: Tight → Rule 1 is applied.

Load factor: 20% → Rule 3 is applied.

Production efficiency: 40% → Rule 2 is applied.

Ex2 = x {evaluation amount (r) * importance (r)} = (evaluation amount when rule 1 is applied) * (priority for delivery margin) + (rule 3 is applied) Evaluation amount) * (Priority for load factor) + (Evaluation amount when rule 2 is applied) * (Priority for production efficiency) Ea2 = Deadline margin * Importance of deadline margin + remaining work volume * Importance of load factor + margin of delivery time * Importance of production efficiency Eb2 = margin of delivery date * Importance of delivery allowance + remaining work amount * Importance of load factor + delivery margin * Importance of production efficiency Ec2 = delivery allowance * Importance of delivery time margin + remaining work volume * Importance of load factor + delivery time margin * Importance of production efficiency Ea2 = 1 * (-0.6) + 60 * 0.2 + 1 * (-
0.3) = 12-0.9 = 11.1 Eb2 = 5 * (-0.6) + 70 * 0.2 + 5 * (-
0.3) = 14−4.5 = 9.5 Ec2 = 3 * (− 0.6) + 30 * 0.2 + 3 * (−
0.3) = 10-2.7 = 7.3 Therefore, the evaluation points of each product are 11.1 for A and 9. for B.
5 and C are 7.3, and the priority order is A → B → C in descending order of evaluation points.

A production plan is created by repeating the process of assigning each product to the time axis of the process control chart of the production apparatus in the order of priority.

The above planning result is output as a Gantt chart as shown in FIG. 6 (FIG. 6). In this Gantt chart, the vertical axis shows the process type and the horizontal axis shows the time axis of the process control chart of the production apparatus.

[0039]

As described above, according to the present invention, by synthesizing a plurality of dispatching rules, a production apparatus such as a production efficiency which is fluidly changed in a planning process. According to changes in the state quantity of the product such as the state quantity and the delivery time margin, the optimal production plan that comprehensively considers the state quantity of the product and the production equipment can be created in a short time, and the planning result can be confirmed. .

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a computer system for implementing the present invention.
It is a figure which shows a hardware structure.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a processing flow of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 (1) is a diagram showing the appearance frequency of the best solution of the production planning result by the dispatching method. (2)
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing selection / change of an allocation rule according to a state quantity of a delivery time margin of a product. (3) is a figure which shows allocation of the product based on the selected rule.

[Fig. 4] (1) shows an allocation rule depending on a state of delivery time margin.
It is a figure which shows selection of a rule. (2) is a figure which shows selection of the allocation rule by the state quantity of a load factor. (3) is
It is a figure which shows the selection of the allocation rule by the state quantity of the efficiency of production.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing evaluation points calculated based on selected rules.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a Gantt chart in which a result of allocating a product to a production apparatus according to the present invention is developed.

FIG. 7 (1) is a diagram showing rule data in the dispatching method. (2) is a diagram showing a data format of state quantities of a product and a production apparatus. (3)
[Fig. 6] is a diagram showing a plan creation result by the deterministic dispatching method.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. In a system for planning a production plan for each production unit, a means for calculating a plurality of types of state quantities of a production device and a product and a ranking of the plurality of types of state quantities of the production device and a product. Means, accumulating means for accumulating a plurality of different dispatching rules in advance, means for selecting an optimum rule from the accumulating means using the rank of the ranked state quantity, and the selected rule. -A means for calculating an evaluation amount that is an object of evaluation of a product and a production apparatus based on a rule, and a calculation formula of an evaluation point indicating a priority of allocation of a product for each production unit by using the evaluation amount. And a means for allocating a product having the highest evaluation score among the evaluation scores calculated by the calculating device to the time axis of the process control chart of the production apparatus. To live Planning method. 2. The state quantity calculating means calculates a state quantity of a delivery deadline, a load factor, and production efficiency, and the evaluation amount calculating means calculates a value of a delivery deadline, remaining work amount, working time, and the like. The calculation means of the evaluation point is a plurality of rules.
The production planning method according to claim 1, wherein the evaluation points are calculated by synthesizing the rules. 3. A means for inputting information for calculating a plurality of kinds of state quantities of a production device and a product and a plurality of rules for allocating the product to the production device, and the production device and the production. Processing means for processing a plurality of rules for allocating a plurality of kinds of state quantities of a product to a production apparatus, and a plurality of kinds of state quantities of the production apparatus and the product and a production apparatus A plurality of rules for allocation, means for accumulating the results of the allocation processing, a plurality of state quantities of the production apparatus and the product of the processing, and a product for allocating the product to the production apparatus Processing means for displaying a result of processing a plurality of rules, and a plurality of rules for allocating the production device and the plurality of state quantities of the product and the product to the production device of the processing To output the result Wherein the input means inputs a calculation formula of an evaluation score indicating the priority of product allocation for each production unit, and the production process with the highest evaluation score among the evaluation scores calculated by the processing means. The result of allocating the product to the production device is calculated, and the result of allocating the product having the highest evaluation score among the evaluation points calculated by the processing means to the production device is accumulated in the accumulating means, and the display means is provided. A production planning method, which is characterized in that it is displayed on and output to an output means.