JPH0615942B2 - Ice storage device for heat storage - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an ice making device for storing ice heat for air conditioning.

[Conventional technology and problems]

The ice production method in the ice heat storage air conditioning system is roughly classified as follows.
The indirect heat exchange method and the direct heat exchange method are conventionally known. The indirect heat exchange method is a method that uses a heat transfer tube (heat exchanger) for ice making. A low-temperature refrigerant (brine, freon, etc.) is flown inside (outside) the heat transfer tube to generate ice outside (inside) the tube. Is the way. The other direct heat exchange method is a method in which the refrigerant gas is blown directly into the water.

In the indirect method using a heat transfer tube, when the liquid to be cooled is water, the generated ice will grow on the tube wall. In this case, since the thermal conductivity of ice is poor, the growth rate of ice becomes slower as the thickness of ice accretion increases. In order to promote the growth of ice, it is necessary to lower the temperature of the refrigerant as the thickness of ice formation increases, which has the drawback of lowering the coefficient of performance (COP) of the refrigerator.
In addition, in order to increase the filling rate (IPF) of ice in the water tank, it is necessary to make the pitch of the heat transfer tubes fine, which in turn increases the relative volume of the heat transfer tubes immersed in water, which results in the accumulation of ice heat. Will result in a reduction in effective volume.
Therefore, the heat storage efficiency is not much better than that of an ordinary heat storage water tank (cold water heat storage).

For this reason, although it is a heat transfer tube method, a method of mixing an antifreeze liquid such as ethylene glycol with a liquid to be cooled has recently attracted attention as a method of preventing ice from accumulating on the pipe wall. In this system, sheer-bed-like ice is generated in the liquid to be cooled without icing on the heat transfer surface. For this reason, the ice filling factor (IPF) is 30-60
It can be increased to%. However, the concentration of ethylene glycol in the liquid to be cooled increases with the formation of ice, so the refrigerant temperature must be gradually lowered to around -10 to -20 ° C. Therefore, the coefficient of performance of the refrigerator (CO
There is a problem that P) decreases. In addition, the surface of the heat transfer tube will be iced on the tube wall unless a smooth surface such as a mirror finish is used, which makes the heat exchanger expensive.

On the other hand, in the direct heat exchange method, the refrigerant temperature can be used at a temperature near 0 ° C, so the coefficient of performance of the refrigerator increases. Also,
Since there is no metal heat transfer surface, ice lumps do not occur due to ice accretion, so the ice filling rate is about 50-60%. However, there is a problem that water enters the refrigerant gas and the CFC reacts with the water to generate corrosive chlorine gas.

The present invention has been made for the purpose of developing a new ice-storage device for heat storage, which is an alternative to the conventional ice-making method having such problems.

[Structure of Invention]

The gist of the present invention to achieve the above object is to provide a heat storage water tank, a cooler installed outside the water layer of the heat storage water tank, and a part of the water of the heat storage water tank to the cooler. An ice making device for heat storage, comprising: a water supply pipe line for discharging the water from the cooler; and a path for letting water out of the cooler flow out to the heat storage water tank, the cooler being a container through which a refrigerant passes, and this container. A cooling pipe arranged so as to penetrate through the inside in a vertical direction, and an upper end of the cooling pipe is opened into the water container, and the water supply pipe is connected to the water container. The present invention provides a heat storage ice making device.

That is, according to the present invention, a part of the water in the heat storage water tank is forcibly cooled to 0 ° C. or lower by a cooler installed outside the tank, but this cooler does not substantially generate ice. The feature is that water is made and ice is deposited after it leaves the cooler. For this reason, water is caused to flow in the cooling pipe of the cooler so that a steady-state continuous flow is formed, and after leaving the cooler, a state change in which ice can precipitate from the supercooled water occurs.

The contents of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is an equipment arrangement system diagram showing an example of an apparatus for carrying out the present invention. 1 is a heat storage water tank, 2 is water in the tank, 3 is a cooler, and 4 is a heat storage water tank 1 to a cooler 3. The water supply pipe, 5 is a water supply pump interposed in the pipe. In the illustrated example, the cooler 3 uses an evaporator in a refrigeration cycle,
For this purpose, a heat pump is formed by connecting refrigerant between the compressor 6, the condenser 7, the expansion valve 8 and the cooler 3.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the cooler 3 of FIG. 1 with a half-body cutout. As can be seen in FIG. 2, this cooler 3 comprises a container 10 through which the refrigerant passes and a container 10
It is composed of a plurality of cooling pipes 11 penetrating in the vertical direction. In the illustrated example, the container 10 is composed of a cylindrical shell with its axis vertical, and a vertical cooling pipe 11 penetrates airtightly through an upper plate 12 and a lower plate 13 of the cylindrical shell. The container 10 is a closed container having a refrigerant inlet 14 and a refrigerant outlet 15. Each cooling pipe 11
Both the upper end and the lower end are open, the upper end opening is the water intake 16 to the cooling pipe 11, and the lower end opening is the supercooled water outlet 17 from the cooling pipe 11.

A water container 18 is connected above the upper plate 12 of the refrigerant container 10. In the illustrated example, the water container 18 is a cylindrical container having the same diameter as the refrigerant container 10, and the cooling pipe 11 extends into the water container 18 with a substantial length. Cooling pipe 11 is water container 18
The inwardly extending portion functions as a runway for stabilizing the water flow in the present invention. The water container 18 is provided with a water inlet 19 relatively downward and an overflow hole 20 at an upper portion. The water intake 16 at the upper end of the cooling pipe 11
These are installed so that they are located above the water inlet 19 of the water container 18 and below the overflow hole 20.

The cooler 3 configured as described above is set at a position above the water surface of the heat storage water tank 1 as shown in FIG. 1, and the water supply pipe line 4 is connected to the water introduction port 19 of the water container 18 and the overflow hole 20.
The overflow pipe 21 is attached so that the overflow water from 1 is returned to the heat storage water tank 1 again. As a result, when the pump 5 is operated to supply the water in the heat storage water tank 1 to the water container 18, the water flows down in the cooling pipe 11 while maintaining a constant liquid level in the water container 18, and flows out and falls into the heat storage water tank 1. To do. On the other hand, the refrigerant outlet 15 of the refrigerant container 10 is connected to the compressor 6, passes through the compressor 6, the condenser 7 and the expansion valve 8, and its refrigerant pipe line is connected to the refrigerant inlet port 14 of the refrigerant container 10 for heat pump. To form. Cooling water is passed through the condenser 7 to remove heat from the high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 6 to condense the high-pressure refrigerant. To cool. By appropriately adjusting the cooling temperature here, the water falling in the cooling pipe 11 is cooled to a temperature of 0 ° C. or less.

In the present invention, the water flow flowing through the cooling pipe 11 is made to be a continuous steady flow so that the water flows out of the cooling pipe 11 without causing a phase change to ice, although the temperature is below 0 ° C. That is, supercooled water is produced in the cooling pipe 11, and it is made to flow out from the cooling pipe 11 without icing on the pipe wall. For this purpose, it is necessary to avoid pulsation of the water flowing in the pipe and partial temperature difference. Therefore, it is essential to make the flow of water flowing down in the cooling pipe 11 steady and to appropriately control the refrigerant temperature. To obtain the former steady flow, each cooling pipe 11
The water inlet 18 of the water container 18 whose liquid level is always kept constant
It can be achieved by opening below the liquid level inside and adjusting the state of the opening appropriately. For this purpose, it is useful to attach an orifice to the upper opening of each cooling pipe 11. Regarding the latter temperature control, in order to do this more accurately, the flow rate flowing down in the cooling pipe 11 is determined (device conditions such as the size of the opening of the cooling pipe 11, the distance of the opening from the water surface, the surface of the pipe wall). From a fixed value depending on the condition)
It is practically convenient to detect the water temperature before it is introduced into 11, and control the rotation speed of the compressor 6 according to the detected water temperature. Such control may be appropriately adjusted by observing the operating state of the device after the device is configured, and those skilled in the art can accurately perform such control.

In addition to the case where the cooler 3 functions as the evaporator of the refrigeration cycle as described above, the cooler 3 may be cooled by passing the refrigerator brine through it. In this case, the amount of brine passing and the temperature may be controlled for proper cooling.

In this way, the supercooled water of 0 ° C. or less flows out from the cooling pipe 11, but in the present invention, when the supercooled water is allowed to flow into the heat storage water tank 1, or the heat storage water tank 1
After this, the phase change that causes ice to precipitate from this supercooled water occurs. This phase change preferably imparts a physical change to the supercooled water. As this physical change, it is easiest to use the impact energy generated when the supercooled water is dropped from each cooling pipe 11 to the liquid surface of the heat storage water tank 1, but if this is not enough, As shown in FIG. 1, a cooler 23 is provided in the water layer 2 of the heat storage water tank 1.
The cooling device 23 may be inserted in advance to further cool the supercooled water that has dropped into the heat storage water tank 1.
That is, ice is generated in advance on the pipe wall of the cooler 23 by an indirect method, and supercooled water is applied to the ice to change the phase of the supercooled water to generate ice.

The cooler 23 in the tank can be provided with a cooling function by utilizing a refrigeration cycle common to the cooler 3. That is,
The branch pipe 25 is taken from the refrigerant liquid pipe 24 from the condenser 7 to the expansion valve 8 of the cooler 3, the expansion valve 26 is interposed in this branch pipe 25, and then connected to the cooler 23, and compressed from the cooler 23. It may be connected to the suction pipe to the machine 6. At that time, opening / closing valves 27 and 28 are attached to the pipe line 24 and the branch pipe 25 so that the amount of the refrigerant liquid can be controlled.

Ultrasonic waves can also be used to generate ice nuclei from supercooled water. FIG. 3 shows a specific example thereof. That is, the ultrasonic vibrating element 30 is immersed near the liquid surface of the water layer 2 to oscillate ultrasonic waves in the direction in which the supercooled water flows down. 31 indicates an oscillator.
As a result, innumerable ice nuclei are generated in the supercooled water in the process of falling from each cooling pipe 11 into the water layer 2 and the supercooled water falling in the water layer 2, and the supercooled water undergoes a phase change from these innumerable nuclei The ice then precipitates, forming a collection of fine ice as a whole. Elements in FIG. 3 that are given the same reference numerals as in FIG. 1 are the same as those described in FIG.

As described above, according to the present invention, even though the heat transfer tube is used for making ice, it can be made without causing ice formation on the heat transfer tube, and the ice becomes a fine shear bed. Since a continuous flow of water is cooled, a small cooler may be used to produce a large amount of ice, and the cooling temperature may be around -5 ° C, so the coefficient of performance of the refrigerator is high and the freezing is high. It requires less mobility. Therefore, the heat storage ice making for air-conditioning can be easily performed with a very small device configuration, and it can be easily changed to the ice storage heat storage water tank without modifying the structure of the existing heat storage water tank. It has an excellent effect that its equipment cost and operation cost are very economical. Moreover, there is an advantage in that ice can be made even while the air conditioners are operating and no antifreeze is used.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an equipment arrangement system diagram showing an example of an apparatus for performing ice making heat storage of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a part of the cooler shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is performing ice making heat storage of the present invention. It is a device arrangement system diagram which shows the other example of an apparatus. 1 ... Heat storage water tank, 2 ... Water layer, 3 ... Cooler, 4 ... Water supply pipeline to cooler, 5 ... Water supply pump, 6 ... Compressor,
7 ... condenser, 8 ... expansion valve, 10 ... refrigerant container, 11 ...
Cooling pipe, 16 ... Water inlet to cooling pipe, 17 ... Water outlet from cooling pipe, 18 ... Water container, 20 ... Overflow hole, 23
…… Cooler in the tank, 30 …… Ultrasonic vibration element.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A heat storage water tank, a cooler installed outside the water layer of the heat storage water tank, a water supply pipe for supplying a part of the water in the heat storage water tank to the cooler, and the cooler. A heat storage ice-making device comprising: a path through which water flows out to the heat storage water tank, wherein the cooler is a container through which a refrigerant passes, and cooling arranged so as to vertically penetrate through the container. An ice making device for heat storage, comprising a pipe, the upper end of the cooling pipe being opened into a water container, and the water supply pipe being connected to the water container. 2. The heat storage ice making device according to claim 1, wherein the water supply pipe line is connected to a lower portion of the water container, and an overflow hole is provided above the water container.