JPH06156314A - Two passenger automobile - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain an electric automobile capable of carrying two passengers even if it is a micro-automobile by specifying respective requirements for the arrangement of front and rear seats, the position and the diameter of front wheels, driving force of the automobile and the capacity and the volume of a battery for generating electrical power energy which is its driving force. CONSTITUTION:A two passenger automobile is provided with four wheels 1 while its total width is limited to 100cm or less and its total length limited to 250cm or less. The automobile is then made possible to carry two passengers by satisfying each of the following requirements: i.e. Two seats 5, 6 having back seats are to be arranged in front and in rear longitudinally in the vehicle proceeding direction. The center shaft of front wheels 1 are to be arranged before of the front seat 5 but behind the front end of a brake pedal. The diameter of the front wheels are to be specified within the range of 30cm to 50cm. The driving force of the automobile is to be taken from an electric motor 4 which utilizes the electric power from a battery 2. The battery 2 having its capacity of weight energy density of 100wh/kg or more is to be mounted on the automobile with its total engery capacity of 4000wh/kg or more and the volume of 100l.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an electric vehicle. More specifically, the present invention relates to an electric vehicle that is an ultra-compact vehicle and can accommodate two passengers.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Vehicles having four ground wheels have been used as a transportation means by which an individual can safely move to any place at any time. Even though these automobiles are relatively small, a large internal combustion engine is used as a prime mover, so that the prime mover is arranged between wheels at positions facing each other in the width direction. It was over.

A so-called electric vehicle, in which the driving force of an automobile is obtained by driving an electric motor with electric energy stored in a battery mounted in the vehicle, is a so-called electric vehicle. It is known that by itself it can be very small. However, in order to obtain practical driving performance in a conventional electric vehicle, it is necessary to load a battery having a large weight and volume because a very large power energy capacity is required, and it is also difficult to downsize the vehicle. It was.

[0004]

Due to recent serious land problems and the like, a shortage of parking space for storing automobiles has become a problem as an environment surrounding automobiles. In addition, as a means of transportation in daily life, the body of an ordinary passenger car is too large, which makes it inconvenient to move. Therefore, in a situation where these problems are large, a motorized bicycle having two or three ground wheels is often used. However, the motorized bicycle not only cannot carry two passengers who are strongly demanded to move in daily life, but also has problems in running comfort in rainy weather, safety, and quietness. In the case of a motorcycle, 2
Although it is possible to take a passenger, other problems are not solved, and there is a problem that the back seat occupant is particularly tired.

For these reasons, there is a demand for a power transfer means having a prime mover that does not require a large storage space, is easy to use as a travel means in daily life, and can be comfortably run. However, the conventional technology has not been able to manufacture an automobile satisfying the above requirements.
That is, in the case of an automobile using an internal combustion engine, it is conceivable to place a prime mover between the front and rear axles in order to narrow the overall width, but since the total height of the prime mover is high, use the vicinity of the prime mover as a seat placement location. I couldn't do that, and I had no choice but to have a large length. Therefore, it is possible to use a very small prime mover, but the noise and vibration generated by the prime mover make it impossible to drive comfortably. Also, in the case of electric vehicles, as described above, it is considered that the minimum practical driving performance is required for a small-sized vehicle that requires a large weight and a large volume of batteries, while operating an air conditioner. The distance that you can travel with one replenishment of energy when driving in the city area is 5
If a large number of batteries are installed in order to obtain a vehicle with satisfactory running performance that cannot exceed 0 km, the weight of the battery itself will increase the weight of the vehicle, resulting in a large large output motor. It becomes necessary to increase the size of the vehicle by increasing the volume of the battery and motor, so there is a limit to miniaturization.

As described above, although the vehicle can be comfortably run even in rainy weather and the safety is ensured, it requires a very small storage space. For example, the width is 100 cm or less and the total length is 250 cm so that it can be stored in a household storeroom. It was not possible to obtain an automobile capable of carrying two passengers having practical performance below. An object of the present invention is to solve such a problem, and an object thereof is to provide an electric vehicle that is a micro vehicle and that can accommodate two passengers.

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems The above-described object of the present invention is an ultra-compact vehicle having four ground wheels and having a vehicle width of 100 cm or less and a total length of 250 cm or less. By satisfying the requirements of (5) to (5), a two-seater vehicle characterized by enabling two passengers can be achieved. (1) Two seats, each having a backrest, are arranged in the front and rear along the vehicle traveling direction. (2) The central axis of the front wheels is arranged in front of the front seat and behind the front end of the brake pedal. (3) The diameter of the front wheel is 30 cm or more and 50 cm or less. (4) The driving force of the automobile is obtained by driving the electric motor by the electric energy stored in the battery mounted on the vehicle. (5) A battery having a weight energy density of 100 Wh / kg or more should be installed in a vehicle with a total energy capacity of 4000 Wh or more and a volume of 100 liters or less.

The first feature of the present invention is the positional relationship between the two seats. In order to ensure comfort while driving, it is necessary to have a seat with a backrest. In the case of an ordinary automobile, since a relatively large prime mover must be used, the entire width of the vehicle inevitably becomes large. Therefore, two seats are arranged side by side at right angles to the traveling direction of the vehicle. However, since the motor vehicle of the present invention uses the electric motor as the prime mover, the overall width of the vehicle can be made small, and the vehicle can be configured if there is a width of one seat. By utilizing this characteristic, two seats can be arranged front and back along the traveling direction, that is, another seat can be arranged behind one seat to form a two-seater vehicle.

The second feature of the present invention is the relationship between the position and size of the front wheels and the position of the driver sitting in the front seat. As described above, a vehicle having a width of 100 cm or less can be obtained by making the entire vehicle width for one seat, but it is difficult to suppress the total length to 250 cm or less in a normal arrangement. Therefore, in the automobile of the present invention, the center axis of the front wheels is arranged in front of the front seat and behind the front end of the brake pedal, and the diameter of the front wheels is 30.
It is assumed to be not less than cm and not more than 50 cm. If the diameter of the front wheels is less than 30 cm, not only the running performance on bad roads during normal running is impaired, but also it becomes difficult to get over a step when stored in a household storeroom or the like, which is not preferable. Further, if the diameter of the front wheels exceeds 50 cm, it is not preferable because it interferes with getting on and off the occupant.

Still another feature is that the driving force of the automobile of the present invention is obtained by driving an electric motor with electric power energy stored in a battery mounted on the automobile. As described above, in the case of a vehicle using an internal combustion engine, the total height of the prime mover is high, so that the vicinity of the prime mover cannot be used as a seat arrangement location, and the vehicle body has to have a large total length. Although it is possible to use a very small internal combustion engine prime mover, when the prime mover is arranged between the front and rear axles, it is not possible to travel comfortably due to noise and vibration generated by the prime mover.

The vehicle of the present invention falls into the category of so-called electric vehicles in that it uses batteries and electric motors.
The method of storing electric power energy in the battery is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to use a 100V or 200V power source which is generally distributed as a household power source.

The battery installed in the vehicle has a weight energy density of 100 Wh / kg or more and a total energy capacity of 4000 W.
The volume must be h or more and 100 liters or less. For batteries with a weight energy density of less than 100 Wh / kg, it is necessary to install an extremely large number of batteries in order to use an air conditioner and achieve a practical continuous mileage of 50 km or more. In addition to the special space, the weight of the battery itself increases the vehicle weight, which requires a high-power motor, which increases the motor volume and requires a larger space for cooling the motor. It is impossible to realize an ultra-compact car.

The total energy capacity of the battery is preferably 12000 Wh or less in consideration of using a 100 V or 200 V power supply for household use and charging at night.

Further, the power density of the battery is preferably 200 W / kg or more, and more preferably 300 W / kg or more in order to obtain the acceleration performance required for traveling on a road with an automobile using an existing internal combustion engine. More preferable.

The battery used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it satisfies the above requirements, but a preferable example is a lithium ion secondary battery using carbon fiber as a cathode.

It is also effective to reduce the rolling resistance of the two-seater vehicle of the present invention in order to obtain a practical continuous mileage of 50 km or more. Therefore, it is preferable to keep the total weight of the two-seater vehicle of the present invention when the vehicle is empty to 500 kg or less. In order to achieve a total weight of 500 kg or less, for example, a vehicle body structure in which a frame made of aluminum or steel pipe and a shell made of FRP or polymer alloy are combined can be preferably selected.

The controller, motor, etc. used for power conversion are preferably those having high efficiency, but those known in the art can be used without particular limitation.

The two-seater vehicle of the present invention emits no exhaust gas at all when traveling, and its noise level is lower than that of a vehicle using a conventional internal combustion engine. Can be said.

[0019]

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, specific examples of the present invention will be shown by examples. Each property was evaluated according to the following methods.

(1) Length, Width, and Height of Vehicle The length, width, and height of the vehicle body, excluding protrusions such as outside mirrors and antennas.

(2) Weight and volume of battery The weight and volume of a battery cell that exhibits a battery function due to electrodes, electrolytes, power lead wires, etc. are defined as the weight and volume of the battery.

(3) Weight Energy Density and Volume Energy Density of Battery The weight energy density is the total energy capacity of a battery mounted on a vehicle divided by the total weight of the battery, and the volume energy density is Similarly, it is the total energy capacity of the battery divided by the total volume of the battery. Here, the total energy capacity of the battery is measured at a rate of 5 hours and a temperature of 25 degrees Celsius.

(4) Weight Power Density and Volume Power Density of Battery The total electric power that can be taken out from the battery mounted on the vehicle is divided by the total weight of the battery and the volume of the transmission layer to obtain the weight power density and the volume power density, respectively. To do. Here, it is assumed that the total power is measured in a fully charged state and measured at 25 degrees Celsius.

In order to show the effectiveness of the present invention, a two-seater vehicle shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 was produced. FIG. 1 is a side view of a two-seater vehicle according to the present invention, in which reference numeral 1 denotes a wheel, but a shaft of a front wheel is omitted in the drawing, and the wheel is located behind a brake pedal and in front of a front seat 5. . 2 is a battery having a weight energy density of 150 Wh / kg, and the total weight of the battery is 40 kg. 3 is a drive controller and 4 is a motor. A front seat 5 and a rear seat 6 are arranged in the vehicle interior in the front-rear direction along the vehicle traveling direction. 7 is an openable hood, 8 is a FRP body panel, 9 and 10
Is a body frame made of aluminum, and 11 is a lift door. FIG. 2 is a front view of a two-seater vehicle according to the present invention, in which 12 is a wiper, 13 is a direction indicator light, 14 is a headlight, and 15 is a license plate.

The car body is 240 cm long and 140 c high.
m, width 96 cm, empty vehicle weight 255 kg, front wheel diameter 46 cm. When equipped with a battery with the above performance and fully charged, it can accommodate 5 passengers when
It was possible to run normally over 0 km.

Further, the two-seater vehicle of the present invention has high quietness and can be comfortably driven even in the rain. further,
It was found that the two-seater car of the embodiment can be stored in a simple garage that is a remodeled storeroom for home use, although it can accommodate two people, and is as easy as a bicycle.

[0027]

[Brief description of drawings]

[0028]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a two-seater vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029]

FIG. 2 is a front view of a two-seater vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. The vehicle has four ground wheels and has a total width of 1
A two-seater vehicle, which is an ultra-compact vehicle having a length of 00 cm or less and a total length of 250 cm or less, and which enables two passengers by satisfying the following requirements (1) to (5). (1) Two seats, each having a backrest, are arranged in the front and rear along the vehicle traveling direction. (2) The central axis of the front wheels is arranged in front of the front seat and behind the front end of the brake pedal. (3) The diameter of the front wheel is 30 cm or more and 50 cm or less. (4) The driving force of the automobile is obtained by driving the electric motor by the electric energy stored in the battery mounted on the vehicle. (5) A battery having a weight energy density of 100 Wh / kg or more should be installed in a vehicle with a total energy capacity of 4000 Wh or more and a volume of 100 liters or less.