JPH06144914A - Production of ceramic board and ceramic board - Google Patents
Production of ceramic board and ceramic boardInfo
- Publication number
- JPH06144914A JPH06144914A JP26368092A JP26368092A JPH06144914A JP H06144914 A JPH06144914 A JP H06144914A JP 26368092 A JP26368092 A JP 26368092A JP 26368092 A JP26368092 A JP 26368092A JP H06144914 A JPH06144914 A JP H06144914A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- ceramic plate
- weight
- ceramic
- sheet
- base material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Landscapes
- Finishing Walls (AREA)
- Producing Shaped Articles From Materials (AREA)
- Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、主に壁や床などの建
築、土木用材料に使用される大型の陶磁器板用素地、陶
磁器板及び施釉陶磁器板、ならびにその製造方法に関す
る。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a large ceramic plate base used mainly for construction of walls and floors, civil engineering materials, ceramic plates and glazed ceramic plates, and a method for producing the same.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】薄い大型の陶磁器板を製造することは可
なり難しい。しかし、建築材料などとしての需要が増加
したために、従来、石綿スレートなどの製造に使用され
ていた抄造法を利用して陶磁器板用素地を製造し、これ
を焼成する大型陶磁器板の製造方法が知られるようにな
った。すなわち、陶磁器原料と繊維材料とを含むスラリ
ーをシート状に抄造し、メーキングロールに巻き取った
後、切断して広げ、板状の陶磁器板用素地を製造する。
これを加圧成形した後、焼成して大型の陶磁器板にする
方法である。たとえば、特公昭５２−５３２８号公報に
は、陶磁器原料とパルプとを含むスラリーに両面活性剤
を加えてシート状に抄造し、メーキングロールに巻き取
った後、切断して広げ、板状の陶磁器板用素地とし、こ
れを焼成して焼結体を製造する方法が、特公昭５７−３
０８３８号公報には、陶磁器原料とパルプとを含むスラ
リーに必要に応じ、粘調剤や高分子凝集剤を添加して抄
造し、得られた数十ｃｍ角の小型シートを乾燥、積層
し、この小形板状成形体を焼成して得られる積層陶磁器
が、特開昭６４−７９０６６号公報には、珪酸カルシウ
ム塩、フラックス成分および繊維質物質を含むスラリー
を抄造し、焼成するセラミックス板の製造方法が記載さ
れている。2. Description of the Related Art It is quite difficult to manufacture thin and large ceramic plates. However, due to the increased demand for building materials, etc., a method for manufacturing a large ceramic plate by manufacturing a base material for a ceramic plate using the papermaking method that has been used for manufacturing asbestos slate, etc. Came to be known. That is, a slurry containing a ceramic raw material and a fiber material is formed into a sheet, wound on a making roll, cut, and spread to produce a plate-shaped ceramic plate base.
This is a method of press-molding this and then firing it into a large ceramic plate. For example, in Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 52-5328, a slurry containing a ceramic raw material and pulp is added with a double-sided activator to form a sheet, which is then wound on a making roll and cut and spread to obtain a plate-shaped ceramic. A method for producing a sintered body by using it as a base material for a plate and firing it is disclosed in Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 57-3.
No. 0838 discloses that a slurry containing a ceramic raw material and a pulp is added with a viscous agent or a polymer flocculant, if necessary, to make a paper, and the obtained small sheets of several tens cm square are dried and laminated. A laminated ceramic obtained by firing a small plate-shaped molded body is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 64-79066, in which a slurry containing a calcium silicate salt, a flux component and a fibrous substance is made into a paper and fired. Is listed.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、前記の製造方
法を用いても薄い大型の陶磁器板を製造することは可な
り難しい。これらの方法で製造できるのは、せいぜい１
ｍ×１ｍ位が限度とみられる。たとえば、特公昭５２−
５３２８号公報に記載の方法では薄物にすることが難し
く、特公昭５７−３０８３８号公報に記載の積層陶磁器
は、大型の陶磁器板を製造するには素地の強度が低いた
め、取扱いが難しく、また焼成時に反りがでやすい。特
開昭６４−７９０６６号公報に記載の方法は、乾燥前ま
たは乾燥と同時に加圧成形するために十分な加圧効果を
付与しにくい。本発明は、大きさが１ｍ×１ｍをこえ、
厚さが５ｍｍ以下の陶磁器板であっても反りや変形を生
ずることなく、容易、かつ経済的に製造できる陶磁器板
素地及び陶磁器板の製造方法、ならびに陶磁器板素地及
び陶磁器板の提供を目的に完成されたものである。However, it is quite difficult to manufacture a thin and large porcelain plate even by using the above-mentioned manufacturing method. No more than 1 can be produced by these methods.
It seems that the limit is about m × 1m. For example, Japanese Patent Publication No.
It is difficult to make it thin by the method described in Japanese Patent No. 5328, and the laminated ceramics disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-30838 has difficulty in handling because the strength of the base material is low for manufacturing a large ceramic plate. Warpage tends to occur during firing. The method described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 64-79066 is difficult to give a sufficient pressure effect for pressure molding before or simultaneously with drying. The present invention has a size of more than 1 m × 1 m,
For the purpose of providing a ceramic plate base and a ceramic plate manufacturing method, and a ceramic plate base and a ceramic plate that can be easily and economically produced without warping or deformation even if the thickness is 5 mm or less. It has been completed.
【０００４】[0004]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、９８〜８０重
量％の陶磁器原料と２〜２０重量％の繊維材料との混合
物１００重量部、及び、ガラス転移点が１０℃を超えな
い有機重合体１〜５０重量部を含むスラリーを配合し、
このスラリーを抄造してシート状にした後、乾燥し、こ
の乾燥したシートを加圧して空隙率を０．１〜０．４に
調整することを特徴とする、陶磁器板用素地の製造方
法、および、９８〜８０重量％の陶磁器原料と２〜２０
重量％の繊維材料との混合物１００重量部、及び、ガラ
ス転移点が１０℃を超えない有機重合体１〜５０重量部
を含むスラリーを配合し、このスラリーを抄造してシー
ト状にした後、乾燥し、この乾燥したシートを加圧して
吸水率を１０〜３０重量％に調整することを特徴とす
る、陶磁器板用素地の製造方法を提供する。According to the present invention, 100 parts by weight of a mixture of 98 to 80% by weight of a ceramic raw material and 2 to 20% by weight of a fiber material, and an organic compound having a glass transition point not exceeding 10 ° C. Mixing a slurry containing 1 to 50 parts by weight of coalesced,
This slurry is made into a sheet into a sheet, then dried, and the dried sheet is pressed to adjust the porosity to 0.1 to 0.4, a method for producing a ceramic plate base, And 98 to 80% by weight of ceramic material and 2 to 20
After blending 100 parts by weight of a mixture with a fiber material of 1% by weight, and 1 to 50 parts by weight of an organic polymer having a glass transition point of not higher than 10 ° C., the slurry is formed into a sheet, A method for producing a base material for a ceramic plate, which comprises drying and pressing the dried sheet to adjust the water absorption rate to 10 to 30% by weight.
【０００５】これらの製造方法を実施するのには、前記
の乾燥されたシートの１枚または複数枚を重ねて少なく
とも１００ｋｇ／ｃｍの線圧で加圧し、空隙率を０．１
〜０．４に調整、または吸水率を１０〜３０重量％に調
整することがより好ましい。そして、これらの製造方法
によって製造した陶磁器板用素地を１０００〜１３５０
℃で焼成する陶磁器板の製造方法、さらには、これらの
陶磁器板用素地または陶磁器板の表面に釉薬を塗布した
後、８００〜１３５０℃で焼成する施釉陶磁器板の製造
方法を提供する。In order to carry out these manufacturing methods, one or more of the above-mentioned dried sheets are stacked and pressed with a linear pressure of at least 100 kg / cm to obtain a porosity of 0.1.
It is more preferable to adjust to 0.4 to 0.4, or to adjust the water absorption rate to 10 to 30% by weight. And the base material for ceramic plates manufactured by these manufacturing methods is 1000 to 1350.
Provided is a method for producing a ceramic plate which is fired at 0 ° C, and further a method for producing a glazed ceramic plate which is obtained by applying a glaze to the surface of the ceramic plate base or the ceramic plate and then firing at 800-1350 ° C.
【０００６】また、９８〜８０重量％の陶磁器原料と２
〜２０重量％の繊維材料との混合物１００重量部、及
び、ガラス転移点が１０℃を超えない有機重合体１〜５
０重量部からなり、空隙率が０．１〜０．４、または吸
水率が１０〜３０重量％である陶磁器板用素地、ならび
にこれらの陶磁器板用素地の焼成体からなる陶磁器板を
提供し、さらに、前記の陶磁器板用素地または陶磁器板
の表面に釉薬が塗布され、かつ、焼成されている施釉陶
磁器板をも提供する。Further, 98 to 80% by weight of ceramic raw material and 2
100 parts by weight of a mixture with 20 to 20% by weight of a fiber material, and organic polymers 1 to 5 having a glass transition point not exceeding 10 ° C.
A ceramic plate comprising 0 part by weight and having a porosity of 0.1 to 0.4 or a water absorption rate of 10 to 30% by weight, and a ceramic plate made of a fired body of the ceramic plate. Further, the present invention also provides a glazed ceramic plate, in which a glaze is applied to the surface of the ceramic plate base or the ceramic plate and baked.
【０００７】なお、本発明で、空隙率は、次式によって
算出される。In the present invention, the porosity is calculated by the following equation.
【０００８】空隙率＝１−［Ｗ0 ／Ｖ0 ］／［（Ｗ1 ・
ρ1 ＋Ｗ2 ・ρ2 ）／Ｗ0 ］ ただし、Ｖ0 ：１０５℃、２４時間乾燥後の試料の容積 Ｗ0 ： 同上 の重量 Ｗ1 ：４００℃、２時間加熱後の試料の減量 Ｗ2 ：４００℃、２時間加熱後の試料の殘量 ρ1 ：試料に含まれる有機質原料の密度 ρ2 ：試料に含まれる無機質原料の密度（水を除く） また、吸水率は、１０５℃、２４時間乾燥した試料を、
室温の水中に２４時間浸漬して吸水させ、吸水前後の重
量を求め、次式で計算して得られる。Porosity = 1- [W 0 / V 0 ] / [(W 1 ·
ρ 1 + W 2 · ρ 2 ) / W 0 ] However, V 0 : 105 ° C., volume of sample after drying for 24 hours W 0 : same weight as above W 1 : 400 ° C., weight loss of sample after heating for 2 hours W 2 : 400 ° C., amount of sample after heating for 2 hours ρ 1 : Density of organic raw material contained in sample ρ 2 : Density of inorganic raw material contained in sample (excluding water) Water absorption rate is 105 ° C., 24 Samples dried for a time
It is obtained by immersing in water at room temperature for 24 hours to absorb water, obtaining the weight before and after absorbing water, and calculating by the following formula.
【０００９】吸水率（％）＝（吸水後の重量−吸水前の
重量）／吸水前の重量 ここに定義した空隙率と吸水率とはかなり相関性があ
り、前記の本発明として規定した両者の範囲は、通常、
ほぼ一致する。しかし、中にその範囲が若干ずれる場合
があって、本発明の効果を奏する場合であっても、いず
れか一方の範囲外になることがある。すなわち、空隙率
が０．１〜０．４または吸水率が１０〜３０重量％であ
れば、本発明としての目的を達成することができるので
ある。以下、繁雑さを避けるために空隙率を中心に説明
するが、とくに説明しない限り、吸水率についてもこれ
に準ずるものと考えてよい。Water absorption rate (%) = (weight after water absorption−weight before water absorption) / weight before water absorption There is a considerable correlation between the porosity defined here and the water absorption rate, both of which are defined in the present invention. The range of
Almost match. However, there is a case where the range is slightly deviated, and even when the effect of the present invention is exhibited, the range may be outside one of the ranges. That is, when the porosity is 0.1 to 0.4 or the water absorption is 10 to 30% by weight, the object of the present invention can be achieved. Hereinafter, the porosity will be mainly described in order to avoid complexity, but unless otherwise specified, the water absorption rate may be considered to follow this.
【００１０】また、本発明で線圧は、たとえば、ロール
プレスなどに挟込んだシートに付加される荷重をそのシ
ートの幅で除した値である。Further, in the present invention, the linear pressure is a value obtained by dividing the load applied to a sheet sandwiched by a roll press or the like by the width of the sheet.
【００１１】[0011]
【実施態様と作用】本発明を、実施態様例をあげつつ、
具体的に説明する。まず、本発明に使用する原料につい
て説明する。本発明に使用する陶磁器原料としては、カ
オリン、各種粘土類、陶石、けい石、珪灰石、長石、ド
ロマイト、アルミナ、ジルコニア、フェライトなどの無
機物があげられる。これらの物質は混合して使用しても
よい。つぎに、繊維材料としては、天然繊維、天然およ
び合成パルプ、レーヨン、ビニルアルコール系重合体、
ポリエステルなどの各種有機合成繊維類、ガラスファイ
バー、セラミックファイバー、ロックウール、チタン酸
カリウムなどの各種無機繊維類があげられる。これらの
繊維は混合して使用してもよい。第３成分のガラス転移
点が１０℃を超えない有機重合体としては、天然ゴム、
スチレン−ブタジエン共重合体、アクリロニトリル−ブ
タジエン共重合体、ポリアクリル酸エステルなどのガラ
ス転移点が１０℃を超えない有機重合体があげられ、こ
れらを混合して用いることもできる。以上の主要原料の
ほかに、最終製品の特性を改良し、または、製造工程の
操作性などの向上のために、各種の薬剤を添加すること
ができる。たとえば、アニオン性有機高分子電解液、カ
チオン性有機高分子電解液、アニオン性無機コロイド
液、カチオン性無機コロイド液、多価金属塩類などの定
着剤や凝集剤などがあげられる。また、製品を着色した
り、斑点模様を付与するために、顔料、着色粒子などを
添加することができる。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present invention will be described with reference to embodiments.
This will be specifically described. First, the raw materials used in the present invention will be described. Examples of the pottery raw material used in the present invention include inorganic substances such as kaolin, various clays, porcelain stone, silica stone, wollastonite, feldspar, dolomite, alumina, zirconia, and ferrite. These substances may be mixed and used. Next, as the fiber material, natural fiber, natural and synthetic pulp, rayon, vinyl alcohol polymer,
Examples include various organic synthetic fibers such as polyester, glass fibers, ceramic fibers, rock wool, and various inorganic fibers such as potassium titanate. These fibers may be mixed and used. As the organic polymer having a glass transition point of the third component not exceeding 10 ° C., natural rubber,
Examples thereof include styrene-butadiene copolymers, acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymers, polyacrylic acid esters, and other organic polymers having a glass transition point of not more than 10 ° C., and these can be used as a mixture. In addition to the above main raw materials, various chemical agents can be added to improve the properties of the final product or to improve the operability of the manufacturing process. Examples thereof include fixing agents and aggregating agents such as anionic organic polymer electrolyte solutions, cationic organic polymer electrolyte solutions, anionic inorganic colloid solutions, cationic inorganic colloid solutions, and polyvalent metal salts. In addition, pigments, colored particles and the like can be added for coloring the product or imparting a speckled pattern.
【００１２】本発明の陶磁器板用素地の製造において、
陶磁器原料：繊維材料の配合比を９８〜８０重量％：２
〜２０重量％に規定するのは、繊維材料が２重量％に達
しないと抄造して陶磁器素地を製造するのが困難にな
り、また、過大に過ぎると陶磁器素地を焼成して陶磁器
板にしたとき、繊維材料の消失による陶磁器板の収縮変
形や反りが大きくなって、満足な製品を得られなくなる
からである。この内、繊維材料に前記の無機繊維を使
用、または混合して使用するとよい。無機繊維は焼成に
よって消失しないので、焼成時の収縮を防止し、製品の
強度を向上する作用がある。無機繊維の配合量は、前記
の繊維材料として１〜１０重量％、好ましくは２〜５重
量％を、無機繊維単独、または有機繊維と混合して用い
る。無機繊維の量が多すぎると焼成密度が上りにくくな
るので好ましくない。また、前記の有機重合体を、陶磁
器原料と繊維材料との混合物１００重量部に対し、１〜
５０重量部使用する。有機重合体は、陶磁器用素地の空
隙率を低くする作用がある。詳細は後記する。有機重合
体の量が１重量％よりも少ないと目的とする作用効果が
得られにくく、５０重量％をこえると焼成の際に有機重
合体の消失による収縮が大きくなって好ましくない。In the production of the base material for a ceramic plate of the present invention,
Mixing ratio of ceramic raw material: fiber material 98 to 80% by weight: 2
-20% by weight means that it is difficult to fabricate a ceramic body by making paper unless the fiber material reaches 2% by weight, and when it is too large, the ceramic body is fired into a ceramic plate. At this time, shrinkage deformation and warpage of the ceramic plate due to the disappearance of the fiber material increase, and a satisfactory product cannot be obtained. Of these, the above-mentioned inorganic fibers may be used as the fiber material, or they may be mixed and used. Since the inorganic fiber does not disappear by firing, it has an action of preventing shrinkage during firing and improving the strength of the product. The blending amount of the inorganic fibers is 1 to 10% by weight, preferably 2 to 5% by weight, as the above-mentioned fiber material, and the inorganic fibers are used alone or mixed with the organic fibers. If the amount of the inorganic fibers is too large, it is difficult to increase the firing density, which is not preferable. In addition, 1 to 100 parts by weight of the above organic polymer is added to 100 parts by weight of the mixture of the ceramic raw material and the fiber material.
Use 50 parts by weight. The organic polymer has a function of lowering the porosity of the ceramic body. Details will be described later. If the amount of the organic polymer is less than 1% by weight, it is difficult to obtain the intended function and effect, and if it exceeds 50% by weight, shrinkage due to the disappearance of the organic polymer during firing becomes large, which is not preferable.
【００１３】つぎに本発明の陶磁器板用素地および陶磁
器板の製造方法を説明する。まず所定の配合比の陶磁器
原料と繊維材料を水に加え、さらに所定量の前記の有機
重合体を加えて攪拌、混合してスラリーにする。原料お
よび水を加え攪拌する手順は、状況に応じ任意に選定で
きる。攪拌、混合には公知の、たとえば、パルパーなど
を使用すればよい。スラリー中の固形分濃度は、通常、
０．５〜１０重量％、好ましくは１〜５重量％にする。
このスラリーを抄造してシート状に成形する。抄造に
は、公知の長網式や丸網式の抄造機を使用することがで
きる。抄造したシートは、石綿スレートを製造する場合
のように、メーキングロールに巻き取りつつ、積層して
から切開し、長方形のシートにすることもできる。シー
トの厚さは、一般的に１０〜３０ｍｍにする。しかし、
本発明では、積層や短く切断することなく、ベルト状の
長尺シートのまま巻き取ることができる。この場合、シ
ートの厚さは一般的に２〜５ｍｍにする。乾燥には公知
のロール乾燥機やトンネル乾燥機を使用できる。水分率
は、後工程での取扱い易さや、陶磁器用素地に所定の空
隙率を付与できるような範囲にするが、原料の種類とそ
の配合率などによって異なり、一概に規定はできない。
しかし、本発明の場合、通常は、水分率を１．７重量％
以下、好ましくは１重量％以下に押さえるとよい。得ら
れた乾燥シートは、巻き取るか、適当な長さのシートに
切断して加圧し、空隙率を０．１〜０．４の範囲に調整
して、本発明の陶磁器板用素地を得る。Next, a base material for a ceramic plate and a method for manufacturing the ceramic plate of the present invention will be described. First, a ceramic raw material and a fiber material having a predetermined mixing ratio are added to water, and further a predetermined amount of the organic polymer is added, and the mixture is stirred and mixed to form a slurry. The procedure of adding the raw materials and water and stirring can be arbitrarily selected depending on the situation. A known material such as pulper may be used for stirring and mixing. The solid content concentration in the slurry is usually
0.5 to 10% by weight, preferably 1 to 5% by weight.
This slurry is formed into a sheet and formed into a sheet. A known fourdrinier or round-net machine can be used for papermaking. The produced sheet may be wound into a making roll, laminated and then cut into a rectangular sheet as in the case of producing asbestos slate. The thickness of the sheet is generally 10 to 30 mm. But,
In the present invention, the belt-shaped long sheet can be wound as it is without being laminated or cut into short pieces. In this case, the thickness of the sheet is generally 2-5 mm. A known roll dryer or tunnel dryer can be used for drying. The water content is in a range such that it can be easily handled in a later step and a predetermined porosity can be imparted to the base material for ceramics, but it cannot be unconditionally specified because it varies depending on the type of raw material and its mixing ratio.
However, in the case of the present invention, the moisture content is usually 1.7% by weight.
Hereafter, it may be suppressed to preferably 1% by weight or less. The obtained dried sheet is wound or cut into a sheet having an appropriate length and pressed to adjust the porosity to the range of 0.1 to 0.4 to obtain the base material for a ceramic plate of the present invention. .
【００１４】加圧操作には公知の水圧プレスや機械プレ
スなどを使用できるが、本発明では、均一、かつ連続的
に長尺シートに大きな線圧を付与できるロールプレスの
使用が好ましい。加える線圧は、少なくとも１００ｋｇ
／ｃｍ、好ましくは３００ｋｇ／ｃｍ以上、さらに好ま
しくは５００ｋｇ／ｃｍである。線圧が１００ｋｇ／ｃ
ｍ以下であると、空隙率を０．１〜０．４の範囲に調整
することが困難である。空隙率を０．１〜０．４の範囲
に調整することは、本発明にとって重要なことである。
空隙率を０．４以下にすることによって、焼成時の収縮
が押さえられ、焼成条件に左右されずに反りや変形がな
い、表面の平滑な陶磁器板を製造できる。一方、空隙率
が０．１以下では、陶磁器板素地として高圧縮になりす
ぎ、素地内での残留応力によって焼成時に割れや反りを
生じやすく好ましくない。なお、吸水率では１０〜３０
重量％、好ましくは１５〜２５重量％に調整すればよ
い。A known hydraulic press or mechanical press can be used for the pressing operation, but in the present invention, it is preferable to use a roll press capable of uniformly and continuously applying a large linear pressure to the long sheet. The applied linear pressure is at least 100 kg
/ Cm, preferably 300 kg / cm or more, more preferably 500 kg / cm. Linear pressure is 100kg / c
When it is m or less, it is difficult to adjust the porosity to the range of 0.1 to 0.4. Adjusting the porosity in the range of 0.1 to 0.4 is important for the present invention.
By setting the porosity to 0.4 or less, shrinkage during firing is suppressed, and it is possible to manufacture a ceramic plate with a smooth surface that is not affected by firing conditions and is not warped or deformed. On the other hand, when the porosity is 0.1 or less, the ceramic plate base material is excessively compressed, and residual stress in the base material easily causes cracking or warpage during firing, which is not preferable. The water absorption rate is 10-30
The weight may be adjusted to 15% by weight, preferably 15 to 25% by weight.
【００１５】また、加圧に際し、シートをあらかじめ加
熱しておくことが好ましい。より低圧で緻密な歪みの少
ない陶磁器板用素地を得られるからである。通常、原料
として配合した有機重合体のガラス転移点よりも５０℃
以上、高い温度に加熱しておくとよい。有機重合体が十
分に軟化し、粘着性が向上して好ましい結果になるもの
と考えられる。Further, it is preferable to heat the sheet in advance at the time of applying pressure. This is because it is possible to obtain a base material for a ceramic plate that is dense and has less distortion at a lower pressure. Usually, it is 50 ° C higher than the glass transition temperature of the organic polymer blended as a raw material.
As described above, it is preferable to heat to a high temperature. It is considered that the organic polymer is sufficiently softened and the tackiness is improved to obtain a preferable result.
【００１６】本発明において使用する有機重合体の配合
は、陶磁器板用素地の空隙率を容易に０．１〜０．４と
いう低い範囲に調整可能ならしめ、さらに空隙率の低い
ことが大型の陶磁器板の製造を容易にしている。すなわ
ち、ガラス転移点が１０℃以下の有機重合体を配合する
ことにより、前記の乾燥シートの変形が容易になって効
果的に高圧縮され、また、シートを積層する場合には、
結合剤を使用することなしに所定圧力で均一に一体化さ
れる。また、従来の陶磁器用素地では、空隙率がこのよ
うに低くなると、堅く、脆くなって薄い大型板として扱
うことが甚だ困難になるが、本発明では、ガラス転移点
の低い有機重合体が配合されているので、柔軟性を保持
し、取扱いが容易になる。ガラス転移点が高い有機重合
体ではこの様な作用を期待できない。The blending of the organic polymer used in the present invention makes it possible to easily adjust the porosity of the base material for a ceramic plate to a low range of 0.1 to 0.4, and it is large that the porosity is low. It facilitates the manufacture of ceramic plates. That is, by blending an organic polymer having a glass transition point of 10 ° C. or lower, the above-mentioned dry sheet is easily deformed and highly compressed, and when the sheets are laminated,
Uniform integration at a given pressure without the use of a binder. Further, in the conventional ceramic body, when the porosity is low in this way, it becomes very difficult to handle as a large plate that is hard, brittle and thin, but in the present invention, an organic polymer having a low glass transition point is blended. Therefore, the flexibility is maintained and the handling becomes easy. Such an action cannot be expected in an organic polymer having a high glass transition point.
【００１７】この様にして得られた陶磁器板素地は、た
とえば、公知のローラハースキルンを用い、１０００〜
１３５０℃、好ましくは１０００〜１３００℃に焼成
し、本発明の陶磁器板を製造できる。施釉する場合に
は、通常、８００〜１３５０℃で焼成し、施釉陶磁器板
を製造できる。The ceramic plate body thus obtained is, for example, 1000 to 1000 by using a known roller hearth kiln.
The ceramic plate of the present invention can be manufactured by firing at 1350 ° C, preferably 1000 to 1300 ° C. When glazed, it is usually possible to manufacture a glazed ceramic plate by firing at 800 to 1350 ° C.
【００１８】本発明の陶磁器板は、吸水率が１〜７％程
度で比較的高吸水率であるにも拘らず、耐凍結融解性に
すぐれるが、とくに下記のαが０．８以下、好ましくは
０．７以下のときすぐれた耐凍結融解性を有する。The ceramic plate of the present invention has excellent freezing and thawing resistance despite having a relatively high water absorption rate of about 1 to 7%, but in particular, the following α is 0.8 or less, When it is preferably 0.7 or less, it has excellent freeze-thaw resistance.
【００１９】α＝（Ｗt0−Ｗt1）／（Ｗt0−Ｗt2） ただし、Ｗt0：１０５℃、２４時間乾燥後の試料（陶磁
器板）の重量 Ｗt1：常温の水に２４時間浸漬した後の試料の重量 Ｗt2：常温の水に２４時間浸漬した後、−７４０mmHgの
もと４時間浸漬し、さらに２時間放置後の試料の重量 Ｗt0−Ｗt1：陶磁器板の吸水率 Ｗt0−Ｗt2：陶磁器板の飽和吸水率Α = (W t0 −W t1 ) / (W t0 −W t2 ), where W t0 : the weight of the sample (ceramic plate) after being dried at 105 ° C. for 24 hours W t1 : immersed in water at room temperature for 24 hours weight of the sample after W t2: after immersing for 24 hours in room temperature water, then immersed under 4 hours of -740MmHg, further 2 hours the weight W of the sample after standing t0 -W t1: water absorption W ceramic plate t0- W t2 : Saturated water absorption of ceramic plate
【００２０】[0020]
【実施例】以下、実施例を挙げて本発明をより具体的に
説明する。なお、以下の実施例および比較例に用いた測
定方法は、空隙率、吸水率は既述の通りであり、曲げ強
度および耐凍結融解率はＪＩＳ Ａ−５２０９に記載の
方法に準拠した。 実施例１および２ 繊維材料、陶磁器原料および有機重合体としてガラス転
移点が−２０℃のスチレン−ブタジエンゴムラテックス
（ＳＢＲ）またはガラス転移点が４℃のアクリル系エマ
ルジョン（ＡＥ）をそれぞれ表１に示す配合比で含む濃
度が２重量％のスラリーを準備した。このスラリーを長
網式抄紙機を用い、幅１２０ｃｍのエンドレスのシート
を抄造し、さらに、多筒式乾燥機を通過させ、水分率を
０．５重量％にして、巻き取った。乾燥シートの厚さは
３．０ｍｍであった。ついでこの乾燥シートを１段で線
圧が３００ｋｇ／ｃｍの油圧式カランダーロールを通過
させ、３ｍ毎に切断して、大きさが３ｍ×１ｍ、厚さが
２ｍｍの本発明の陶磁器板用素地を製造した。この素地
の空隙率および吸水率の測定結果を表１に示した。さら
に、陶磁器板用素地を炉内温度が１２８０℃のローラハ
ースキルンで３０分間焼成し、本発明の陶磁器板を得
た。焼成収縮率と得られた陶磁器板の特性を測定したの
で表１に示した。 比較例１ 有機重合体を配合しないスラリーを用い、ウエットマシ
ンで抄紙した以外は、実施例１と同じ条件で陶磁器板用
素地および陶磁器板を製造し、それぞれの特性を測定し
て表１に示した。 比較例２ 陶磁器用素地の吸水率が５０％になるようにロールプレ
スの線圧を調整した以外は、実施例１と同じ条件で、陶
磁器板用素地および陶磁器板を製造し、それぞれの特性
を測定して表１に示した。この時のロールプレスの線圧
は、５０ｋｇ／ｃｍであった。EXAMPLES The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. In the measuring methods used in the following examples and comparative examples, the porosity and the water absorption rate were as described above, and the bending strength and the freeze-thaw resistance were in accordance with the method described in JIS A-5209. Examples 1 and 2 Fiber materials, porcelain raw materials, and styrene-butadiene rubber latex (SBR) having a glass transition point of -20 ° C or acrylic emulsion (AE) having a glass transition point of 4 ° C are shown in Table 1 as organic polymers, respectively. A slurry having a concentration of 2% by weight at the compounding ratio shown was prepared. This slurry was used to make an endless sheet having a width of 120 cm using a Fourdrinier paper machine, and was further passed through a multi-cylinder dryer to adjust the water content to 0.5% by weight and wound up. The thickness of the dry sheet was 3.0 mm. Then, this dry sheet is passed through a hydraulic type calander roll having a linear pressure of 300 kg / cm in one step and cut at intervals of 3 m, and the size is 3 m × 1 m and the thickness is 2 mm. Was manufactured. Table 1 shows the measurement results of the porosity and water absorption of this substrate. Further, the base material for a ceramic plate was fired in a roller hearth kiln having a furnace temperature of 1280 ° C. for 30 minutes to obtain a ceramic plate of the present invention. The firing shrinkage and the properties of the obtained ceramic plate were measured and are shown in Table 1. Comparative Example 1 A base material for a ceramic plate and a ceramic plate were manufactured under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that a slurry was used to prepare an organic polymer and papermaking was performed using a wet machine, and the characteristics of each were measured and shown in Table 1. It was Comparative Example 2 A base material for a ceramic plate and a ceramic plate were produced under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the linear pressure of the roll press was adjusted so that the water absorption rate of the base material for ceramics was 50%. The measured values are shown in Table 1. The linear pressure of the roll press at this time was 50 kg / cm.
【００２１】[0021]
【表１】 実施例３〜５、比較例３ 実施例１で製造した乾燥シートを用い、ロールプレスの
線圧を変えて表１に示したような空隙率の異なる陶磁器
板用素地を製造した。この陶磁器板用素地を１２５０℃
のローラハースキルンで４０分間焼成し、陶磁器板を製
造した。焼成収縮率と得られた陶磁器板の特性を測定し
たので表２に示した。[Table 1] Examples 3 to 5 and Comparative Example 3 Using the dry sheet produced in Example 1, the linear pressure of the roll press was changed to produce the ceramic plate base materials having different porosities as shown in Table 1. This ceramic plate base is 1250 ℃
It was baked for 40 minutes with a roller hearth kiln of No. 1 to produce a ceramic plate. The firing shrinkage and the characteristics of the obtained ceramic plate were measured and are shown in Table 2.
【００２２】[0022]
【表２】 実施例６〜８ 実施例２で製造した乾燥シートを積層して陶磁器板用素
地を製造した。すなわち、所定の枚数の乾燥シ−トを重
ね、ロール温度が５５℃、線圧が１０００ｋｇ／ｃｍの
ロールプレスで加圧し、大きさが３ｍ×１ｍ、厚さが２
〜８ｍｍの陶磁器板用素地を製造した。この陶磁器板用
素地を１２２０℃のローラハースキルンで６０分間焼成
し、陶磁器板を製造した。焼成収縮率と得られた陶磁器
板の特性を測定したので表３に示した。[Table 2] Examples 6 to 8 The dry sheets produced in Example 2 were laminated to produce a ceramic plate substrate. That is, a predetermined number of dry sheets are stacked and pressed by a roll press having a roll temperature of 55 ° C. and a linear pressure of 1000 kg / cm, and the size is 3 m × 1 m and the thickness is 2 m.
A ~ 8 mm substrate for a ceramic plate was produced. This ceramic plate base was fired for 60 minutes at 1220 ° C. roller hearth kiln to produce a ceramic plate. The firing shrinkage and the properties of the obtained ceramic plate were measured and are shown in Table 3.
【００２３】[0023]
【表３】 [Table 3]
【００２４】[0024]
【発明の効果】本発明の陶磁器板用素地の製造方法を用
い、陶磁器原料と繊維材料に所定量のガラス転移点が１
０℃を超えない有機重合体を配合したスラリーを抄造
し、乾燥後、強く加圧して、空隙率を０．１〜０．４、
または吸水率を１０〜３０重量％に調整した陶磁器板用
素地を製造できる。この陶磁器板用素地は、従来のもの
に比べ、高密度で曲げ強度が大きく、柔軟性に富み、１
ｍ×１ｍ以上、たとえば１ｍ×３ｍで厚さが４ｍｍのよ
うな大型の薄い素地にしても、割れにくく取扱いが容易
で実生産向きである。さらに、本発明のこの陶磁器用素
地は、焼成時における有機成分の消失や陶磁器原料の焼
結に伴う収縮率を最小限に押え、焼成収縮率が幅方向、
長さ方向ともに小さく、通常、幅方向と長さ方向の焼成
収縮率の平均値は、厚さ方向の焼成収縮率の０．８以下
になる。従って、焼成条件の影響を受けることが少な
く、反り、歪み、クラックなどの少ない、本発明の陶磁
器板を製造できる。また、この陶磁器板用素地は、焼成
時の寸法安定性が良いので、直接施釉し、１回の焼成で
施釉陶磁器板を製造することもできる。[Effects of the Invention] Using the method for producing a base material for a ceramic plate of the present invention, the glass transition point of a predetermined amount is 1 in the ceramic raw material and the fiber material.
A slurry containing an organic polymer that does not exceed 0 ° C is formed into a paper, dried, and then strongly pressed to have a porosity of 0.1 to 0.4,
Alternatively, it is possible to manufacture a ceramic plate base material having a water absorption adjusted to 10 to 30% by weight. This base material for ceramic plates has a higher density, greater bending strength, and more flexibility than conventional ones.
Even if it is a large thin substrate having a size of m × 1 m or more, for example, 1 m × 3 m and a thickness of 4 mm, it is hard to break and easy to handle, and is suitable for actual production. Furthermore, this ceramic base material of the present invention suppresses the shrinkage rate due to the disappearance of organic components during firing and the sintering of ceramic raw materials to a minimum, and the firing shrinkage rate in the width direction,
Both in the length direction are small, and normally the average value of the firing shrinkage in the width direction and the length direction is 0.8 or less of the firing shrinkage in the thickness direction. Therefore, it is possible to manufacture the ceramic plate of the present invention that is less affected by the firing conditions and is less likely to warp, distort, or crack. Further, since this ceramic plate base has good dimensional stability during firing, it can be directly glazed to produce a glazed ceramic plate by one firing.
【００２５】このようにして製造した本発明の陶磁器板
は、一般に１〜７％程度の吸水率を有し若干高いが、空
隙の少ない緻密な構造を有し、高強度であって、耐凍結
融解性にすぐれている。適度の吸水性をもっているの
で、下地に接着するのに接着剤が浸込みやすく良好な接
着性がある。また、釉薬の乗りがよく均一に施釉しやす
い。The porcelain plate of the present invention thus manufactured generally has a water absorption of about 1 to 7% and is slightly high, but has a dense structure with few voids, high strength, and freeze resistance. It has excellent melting properties. Since it has an appropriate water absorption, the adhesive easily penetrates when it is adhered to the base, and it has good adhesiveness. In addition, the glaze is well applied and it is easy to apply the glaze uniformly.
【００２６】この様に、本発明によれば、大きさが１ｍ
×１ｍをこえ、厚さが５ｍｍ以下の陶磁器板であっても
反りや変形を生ずることなく、容易、かつ経済的に陶磁
器板素地及び陶磁器板を製造することができる。また、
本発明の陶磁器板及び施釉陶磁器板の特性は、建築、土
木用材料として好適である。As described above, according to the present invention, the size is 1 m.
Even if the ceramic plate has a thickness of more than 1 m and a thickness of 5 mm or less, the ceramic plate base and the ceramic plate can be easily and economically produced without warping or deformation. Also,
The characteristics of the ceramic plate and the glazed ceramic plate of the present invention are suitable as a material for construction and civil engineering.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 清水 寿雄 滋賀県大津市園山１丁目１番１号 東レ株 式会社滋賀事業場内 (72)発明者 大谷 光伸 滋賀県大津市園山１丁目１番１号 東レ株 式会社滋賀事業場内 (72)発明者 野田 征雄 滋賀県大津市園山１丁目１番１号 東レ株 式会社滋賀事業場内 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Toshio Shimizu 1-1-1, Sonoyama, Otsu-shi, Shiga Toray Co., Ltd. Shiga Plant (72) Innovator Mitsunobu Otani 1-1-1, Sonoyama, Otsu-shi, Shiga Prefecture Toray Co., Ltd. Shiga Business Site (72) Inventor Seio Noda 1-1-1, Sonoyama, Otsu City, Shiga Prefecture Toray Co., Ltd. Shiga Business Site
Claims (9)
重量％の繊維材料との混合物１００重量部、及び、ガラ
ス転移点が１０℃を超えない有機重合体１〜５０重量部
を含むスラリーを配合し、このスラリーを抄造してシー
ト状にした後、乾燥し、この乾燥したシートを加圧し
て、空隙率を０．１〜０．４に調整することを特徴とす
る、陶磁器板用素地の製造方法。1. A ceramic raw material of 98 to 80% by weight and 2 to 20.
After blending 100 parts by weight of a mixture with a fiber material of 1% by weight, and 1 to 50 parts by weight of an organic polymer having a glass transition point of not higher than 10 ° C., the slurry is formed into a sheet, A method for producing a base material for a ceramic plate, which comprises drying and pressing the dried sheet to adjust the porosity to 0.1 to 0.4.
枚を少なくとも１００ｋｇ／ｃｍの線圧で加圧し、空隙
率を０．１〜０．４に調整することを特徴とする、請求
項１に記載の陶磁器板用素地の製造方法。2. The one or more of the dried sheets are pressed with a linear pressure of at least 100 kg / cm to adjust the porosity to 0.1 to 0.4. 1. The method for manufacturing a base material for a ceramic plate according to 1.
重量％の繊維材料との混合物１００重量部、及び、ガラ
ス転移点が１０℃を超えない有機重合体１〜５０重量部
を含むスラリーを配合し、このスラリーを抄造してシー
ト状にした後、乾燥し、この乾燥したシートを加圧して
吸水率を１０〜３０重量％に調整することを特徴とす
る、陶磁器板用素地の製造方法。3. Ceramic material of 98 to 80% by weight and 2 to 20
After blending 100 parts by weight of a mixture with a fiber material of 1% by weight, and 1 to 50 parts by weight of an organic polymer having a glass transition point of not higher than 10 ° C., the slurry is formed into a sheet, A method for producing a base material for a ceramic plate, which comprises drying and pressing the dried sheet to adjust the water absorption rate to 10 to 30% by weight.
枚を少なくとも１００ｋｇ／ｃｍの線圧で加圧し、吸水
率を１０〜３０重量％に調整することを特徴とする、請
求項３に記載の陶磁器板用素地の製造方法。4. The water absorption rate is adjusted to 10 to 30% by weight by pressurizing one or more of the dried sheets with a linear pressure of at least 100 kg / cm. A method for producing a base material for a ceramic plate as described.
よって製造した陶磁器板用素地を１０００〜１３５０℃
で焼成することを特徴とする、陶磁器板の製造方法。5. A ceramic plate base material produced by the method according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4 is 1000 to 1350 ° C.
A method for manufacturing a ceramic plate, which comprises firing at.
よって製造した陶磁器板用素地、または請求項５に記載
の方法によって製造した陶磁器板の表面に釉薬を塗布し
た後、８００〜１３５０℃で焼成することを特徴とす
る、施釉陶磁器板の製造方法。6. A substrate for a ceramic plate manufactured by the method according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, or 800 after applying a glaze to the surface of the ceramic plate manufactured by the method according to claim 5. A method for producing a glazed ceramic plate, which comprises firing at 1350 ° C.
重量％の繊維材料との混合物１００重量部、及び、ガラ
ス転移点が１０℃を超えない有機重合体１〜５０重量部
からなり、かつ、空隙率が０．１〜０．４または吸水率
が１０〜３０重量％であることを特徴とする、陶磁器板
用素地。7. A ceramic raw material of 98 to 80% by weight and 2 to 20
100 parts by weight of a mixture with a weight percentage of a fiber material, and 1 to 50 parts by weight of an organic polymer having a glass transition point not exceeding 10 ° C., and a porosity of 0.1 to 0.4 or a water absorption rate. A base material for a ceramic plate, which is 10 to 30% by weight.
からなることを特徴とする、陶磁器板。8. A ceramic plate comprising the fired body of the ceramic plate base according to claim 7.
求項８に記載の陶磁器板の表面に釉薬が塗布され、か
つ、焼成されていることを特徴とする、施釉陶磁器板。9. A glazed ceramic plate, characterized in that a glaze is applied to the surface of the ceramic plate base according to claim 7 or the surface of the ceramic plate according to claim 8 and fired.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP26368092A JPH06144914A (en) | 1992-02-12 | 1992-10-01 | Production of ceramic board and ceramic board |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5890692 | 1992-02-12 | ||
| JP4-58906 | 1992-02-12 | ||
| JP26368092A JPH06144914A (en) | 1992-02-12 | 1992-10-01 | Production of ceramic board and ceramic board |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH06144914A true JPH06144914A (en) | 1994-05-24 |
Family
ID=26399919
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP26368092A Pending JPH06144914A (en) | 1992-02-12 | 1992-10-01 | Production of ceramic board and ceramic board |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH06144914A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1996026909A1 (en) * | 1995-02-27 | 1996-09-06 | Toray Industries, Inc. | Thin flat ceramic plate and method of manufacturing the same |
| CN102012161A (en) * | 2010-09-20 | 2011-04-13 | 徐平 | Heat treatment device with stacked ceramic thin plates and using method thereof |
-
1992
- 1992-10-01 JP JP26368092A patent/JPH06144914A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1996026909A1 (en) * | 1995-02-27 | 1996-09-06 | Toray Industries, Inc. | Thin flat ceramic plate and method of manufacturing the same |
| CN102012161A (en) * | 2010-09-20 | 2011-04-13 | 徐平 | Heat treatment device with stacked ceramic thin plates and using method thereof |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP5025872B2 (en) | Fiber cement building materials with low density additives | |
| DK160085B (en) | PROCEDURE FOR MANUFACTURING ASBEST-FREE CORRUGATED PLATES | |
| RO121110B1 (en) | Moistened composition for producing acoustical tiles | |
| GB2101984A (en) | Polymer-modified cement mortars and concretes and processes for the production thereof | |
| KR20030022863A (en) | Composition for Gypsum Plaster Base Board, Method for Preparing Same and for Making Gypsum Plaster Base Boards | |
| CN103130524A (en) | Energy-saving light cordierite-mullite kiln furnace material, kiln furnace and preparation method of material | |
| JP4832810B2 (en) | Surface decorative inorganic paperboard | |
| KR102081433B1 (en) | Nonflammable insulation material with high strength and manufacturing method of the same | |
| CN111170708A (en) | Water-resistant and fireproof gypsum-based flame-retardant board and preparation method thereof | |
| JPH06144914A (en) | Production of ceramic board and ceramic board | |
| JP2002293600A (en) | Fire proof, humidity conditionable building material | |
| Indra et al. | Optimization of compaction pressure on brick | |
| JP2005205879A (en) | Inorganic board made by paper-making process and its manufacturing method | |
| EP1829838B1 (en) | Fiber cement building materials with low density additives | |
| JP3348372B2 (en) | Manufacturing method of building board | |
| JP4773603B2 (en) | Manufacturing method of inorganic board | |
| JPS61158875A (en) | Plate-form new ceramic composite material and manufacture | |
| JP3564450B2 (en) | Energy-saving production method of ceramic moldings and moldings | |
| JP4685814B2 (en) | Ceramic firing method | |
| JP2016193811A (en) | Large ceramic plate | |
| JP2002337301A (en) | Humidity adjustable building material coated with decorative sheet | |
| JPS63107547A (en) | Glazed cement honeycomb panel | |
| JPH08225361A (en) | Ceramic plate and production thereof | |
| JPH01219073A (en) | Ceramic construction material and its production | |
| JP2002294979A (en) | Moisture-adjusting building material having irregular pattern, and its manufacturing method |