JPH06129619A - Method of incinerating and processing combustible waste material - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a method for processing combustible waste materials in which an efficient complete incineration of combustible waste materials under a stable incineration condition can be carried out, a combustion processing capability can be improved and at the same time an amount of residual sludge generated there can be further reduced and a fuel cost for combustion can be improved. CONSTITUTION:A processing step for processing combustible waste materials selectively separated from non-ignitable material is comprised of a step 2 for compressing and solidifying by waste water and moisture from the combustible waste material to make large-sized compost, a cutting step 4 for cutting the compressed and solidified material into some blocks a crushing step 5 for finely breaking the material into some fine materials, a, drying step 6 for drying the broken crushed materials and an incineration step 8 for incinerating the materials.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

[Industrial field of use] Currently, a huge amount of garbage is collected every day through garbage collection, etc. This garbage is sorted into combustible waste and non-combustible waste, and the non-combustible waste is used for landfilling. At the same time, the combustible waste is incinerated. However, the existing incineration facilities cannot handle 100% of the daily increasing amount of garbage, and combustible waste including raw garbage is thrown away as it is, which is a major social problem as garbage pollution.

[0002] The present invention provides an efficient incineration method of combustible waste among the garbage collected by the above-mentioned garbage collection and the like, which improves the processing ability of combustible waste and generates a large amount of garbage. The present invention relates to an invention that enables processing of the above and solves the problem of waste pollution.

[0003]

2. Description of the Related Art The waste collected by refuse collection is conventionally sorted as a non-combustible waste at a sorting place as shown in FIG. 3, and it is compressed as it is or can be transported to a relay station and transported to an incinerator. It is burned and burned as it is. The heat generated during incineration is also used as hot water by a boiler or as electric power.

[0004]

In the conventional incineration method, combustible wastes carried to the incinerator have different sizes, and large ones and those with a large amount of water are supplied to the incinerator as they are. Therefore, there is a drawback in that incineration conditions vary, and substances that are difficult to burn and that have a large amount of water are discharged in a state where they are not completely incinerated, and the amount of waste after incineration, that is, the amount of residue, increases. Similar to non-combustible waste, this residue is transported to landfills and dumped.

[0005] This means that the incineration facility has a shortage of processing capacity, a large amount of waste is deposited in the incinerator, or an unnecessarily large incinerator is required, and the incinerator itself is damaged due to unstable incineration conditions. The result was to accelerate. Of the combustible wastes actually collected, the amount of waste that remains without being incinerated increases, but even the combustible wastes are actually dumped in landfills.

In view of the above situation, the present invention can incinerate a large amount of combustible waste more quickly and reliably under constant incineration conditions, that is, the incineration capacity is improved and the incinerated waste is discharged. The inventor has invented a method for incineration that reduces the amount of residue. Another object of the present invention is to improve the fuel efficiency for incineration by completely combusting combustible wastes and to eliminate the drawbacks of the conventional incineration treatment methods.

[0007]

In order to solve the above problems, the incineration method for combustible waste according to the present invention comprises a sorting step 1
The combustible waste sorted by the method is compressed and solidified in a step of compressing and solidifying it into a large mass, a cutting step 4 of cutting the compressed and solidified material into blocks, and a block of the combustible waste. It comprises a crushing step 5 for finely crushing, a drying step 6 for drying the crushed material, and an incineration step 8 for burning the crushed material, and the residue of the incineration step 8 is discarded 9. Incidentally, crushing step 5 of the combustible waste is cut into blocks, the primary crushing step 5 ₁ and the secondary crushing step 5 ₂ constituted by a crushing step 5, and drying the waste heat generated in the incineration step 8 6, the flammable waste may be preliminarily heated and dried.

[0008]

The combustible wastes sorted by the sorting step 1 in the sorting field and the like have various sizes, and usually contain a large amount of sewage and water. When this is compressed with a large pressure in the compression solidification step 2, waste water and water in the waste are squeezed out and solidified into a large lump. The separated sewage is treated in a sewage treatment plant, but the combustible waste compressed into large chunks is usually carried to an incinerator, which is constructed elsewhere.

The compressed large lumps transported to the incinerator are cut into blocks in the cutting step 4 so that the lumps can be easily handled. By this step, it becomes possible to crush into a certain small size in the crushing step 4, and in the drying step 6, it is possible to surely dry in a uniform state. Then, when the dried small combustible waste is supplied to the incineration step 8, it becomes possible to burn the combustible waste completely and uniformly in a short time.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the incineration method for combustible waste according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the basic steps of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a modified embodiment in which additional elements are added.

The waste collected by the waste collection or the like is collected in a state where an incombustible material and a combustible material are mixed. The collected waste goes through a sorting step 1 where it is sorted into combustible waste and non-combustible waste at a sorting site, the non-combustible waste is dumped to landfills, and the combustible waste is relayed to another waste treatment. Collected on the spot. The combustible waste collected at the waste treatment relay station is compressed into a mass that can be transported by the compressor with a large pressure in the compression solidification step 2, for example, a size that can be loaded on a dedicated truck, and is completely solidified. Turn into.

Even in the current refuse incineration system,
The combustible wastes collected at the waste disposal relay station are compressed to some extent for the convenience of transportation, but not completely solidified. Therefore, in carrying out the present invention, it is preferable to perform compression solidification by a stronger compression force. As a result, the total amount of waste to be handled thereafter can be reduced, and as much sewage and water as possible can be removed.

The separated sewage and water are subjected to sewage treatment, and the water that has been purified to some extent is discharged to the river. Since a foul odor is generated at the waste treatment relay station including this sewage, it is desirable to install a deodorizing device and mainly deodorize the sewage. This also applies to the conventional processing system.

The combustible waste, which is compressed and solidified at the refuse disposal relay station, is once transported to the storage site of the incineration station and is sequentially supplied to the cutting step depending on the progress of the incineration process. In the above description, the sorting step 1 and the compression solidification step 2 are described as being performed at different places, but it goes without saying that they may be continuously treated at the same treatment site.

The combustible waste, which has been compressed into a large mass that can be loaded on a truck, is cut by a solid cutting machine in a cutting step 4 into blocks, for example, 1 meter or less, preferably bricks, and a crushing step 5 is performed. Supply. In the crushing step 5, the combustible waste cut into bricks is crushed so that one side has a size of about several centimeters, for example. At this stage, the entire previously compressed and solidified state becomes a planed scrap state.

The refuse burned as a combustible material includes flat waste such as paper and three-dimensional waste such as wood chips. Therefore, in this crushing step 5, some solidified in the previous compression solidification step 2 may be partly separated to inevitably become a scrap state, but this invention intentionally The entire flammable waste is crushed into a flat shape like planks, or at least the whole is crushed to a size of several centimeters that can be handled under the same conditions.

Although the crushing step 5 is shown as one step in the block diagram shown in FIG. 1, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, this is constituted by a plurality of series of two steps, that is, primary crushing steps 5 ₁ and 5 _2. is doing. In order to crush a block-shaped object into a planed scrap, the processing capacity is naturally limited in the case of using one device, but the capacity can be balanced by using multiple series. Further, by disposing a crusher having a function of successively crushing as a function of the crusher, more efficient and reliable crushing can be performed.

The combustible waste finely crushed in the crushing step 5 is completely dried by a rotary kiln type or moving bed type dryer in the drying step 6, and then incinerated in the incineration step 8.
It is stored in a feeding device such as a hopper. The stored fine dry combustible waste is sequentially supplied to the incinerator according to the incineration process 8, that is, the processing condition of the incinerator.

The combustible waste supplied to the incineration process 8 is
Because it is fine and dried, it can be completely burned in a short time under certain conditions, and is discarded.
The amount of leftover residue is extremely small. Incineration process 8
The heat generated in 2 drives the generator 10 via the exhaust heat boiler, and as a power source for each facility of the storage 3, the cutting process 4, the crushing process 5, the drying process 6 and the storage 7, as shown by the dotted line in FIG. Can be used.

Further, the exhaust heat generated in the incineration process can be supplied to the crushing process 5 and the drying process 7 as hot air or warm air and used as a heat source for drying.
By doing so, the fuel efficiency can be further improved as a closed system. In the crushing process, if hot air or hot air is supplied to preliminarily dry the combustible exhaust gas being processed, the moisture contained in the combustible exhaust gas may hinder the function of the crusher, for example, being likely to adhere to the inside. In addition, it also promotes complete drying in the next drying step.

In the incineration plant, since a bad odor is generated in the step of heating the refuse, especially in the drying step, the drying step 6
It is desirable to install a deodorizing machine in the crushing process that heats up and heats up. Further, the exhaust gas generated in the incineration process 8 contains odorous dust and harmful substances such as SOx. Therefore, the exhaust gas removes dust and harmful substances in the exhaust gas by the dust collector and discharges it into the atmosphere. Exhaust gas treatment including dust collection processes the entire exhaust gas generated from the incineration process and drying process, and the treatment of water used in the incinerator and water used as exhaust gas treatment occurs in the incinerator. It is more preferable to treat sewage as a whole.

[0022]

According to the incineration method for combustible waste of the present invention as set forth in claim 1, since the combustible waste supplied to the incineration process can be made fine and dry, it can be performed in a short time. Because complete combustion can be done in
Since it is possible to incinerate a large amount of combustible waste in a smaller incineration facility, it becomes possible to effectively deal with the treatment of a rapidly increasing amount of waste. Further, according to the method of the present invention, combustible waste can be completely combusted, so that the amount of waste after incineration, that is, residue, can be reduced and this disposal cost can be reduced. Furthermore, since combustible waste can be incinerated under stable combustion conditions, the incineration facility itself will not be damaged and the maintenance cost of the incinerator can be reduced.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the exhaust heat of incineration can be used as a power source and the exhaust heat can be effectively used as heat for drying, so that the overall operating cost can be significantly reduced. can do.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the basic steps of a method for incinerating combustible waste according to the present invention,

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a modified embodiment to which an additional element of the incineration method for combustible waste of the present invention is added,

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a conventional waste disposal method.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Sorting process, 2 ... Compression solidification process, 4 ... Cutting process, 5 ... Crushing process, 6 ... Drying process, 8 ... Incineration process.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A compression solidification step 2 for compressing and solidifying a combustible waste sorted as an incombustible material by a sorting step 1 into a large mass, and a cutting for cutting the compression solidified material into blocks. Incineration treatment of combustible waste, which comprises step 4, crushing step 5 for finely crushing block-shaped combustible waste, drying step 6 for drying the crushed material, and incineration step 8 for burning this Method. Crushing wherein combustible waste is cut into blocky Step 5 was composed of a primary crushing step 5 ₁ and the secondary crushing step 5 _2, crushing step the waste heat generated in the incineration step 8 5 The method for incineration of combustible waste according to claim 1, wherein the combustible waste is supplied to the drying step 6 and the combustible waste is preliminarily dried.