JPH06127604A - Method and device for garbage disposal - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make it possible to compact and dryly pack garbage, by setting a reinforcing box or a frame for holding a garbage storage vessel, a plunger or a push surface being smaller than the inner size of the storage vessel, and a drive mechanism formed of a rack-pinion system comprising a plural number of racks linearlly connected with each other for being bendable at the knots. CONSTITUTION:A waste milk carton 6, with its cover 3 opened is set in a reinforcing box 2, inserted into an opening 15 or an insertion auxiliary piece 15, and fixed by a lock 5 with its cover 3 closed. Kitchen garbage in a hopper or a strainer 8 and a storage chamber 10 is jammed into a storage vessel (the waste milk carton) 6 by a push surface or a plunger 11. The plunger 11 notched at its lower side is driven by a rack-pinion system comprising a motor 17, a small gear, that is a pinion 29 and a rack 21. The rack 21 is formed of short racks connected with each other by pins 22, and can be bent. As the limitation on the axial length of the rack 21 is reduced as being bendable, the garbage can be jammed to the bottom of the storage vessel 6 is necessary, and it becomes possible to compact the garbage densely.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method and equipment suitable for the treatment of intangibles or waste such as dirt or debris, or mud, and the use of disposable or recyclable storage containers, occurring at home or business. The present invention relates to a drive device suitable for a method and an apparatus suitable for treating or storing garbage, plastic garbage, and other garbage, and suitable for miniaturization thereof.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For the treatment of raw rice and vegetable waste, a method of crushing with a disposer and flowing into sewage together with water, a method of simply centrifuging and dewatering into plastic bags, a method of crushing and then packing with centrifugal dewatering bags, or There are methods such as pressure dehydration with a cylinder or roll, drying and incineration, and freeze-solidification to prevent odor. There were no simple measures for plastic waste, paper waste, mud, etc.

[0003]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The process of storing a net bag in the strainer or storing it in a polyethylene bag and transferring it to a polyethylene bag is troublesome, and it is difficult to eliminate discomfort, and the bag is messed up by the bag. , Become unclean. If you put food waste into a waste milk carton, it will not be damaged, but it is difficult to put the food waste in a net bag into the waste milk carton by hand. In addition, although the conventional method of collecting dust in the strainer can easily drop the dust in the strainer, it has problems in clogging the filter and taking out the dust. The method of mechanically compressing and dewatering refuse, the method of crushing and dewatering, and the method of simply bagging, hardly reduced the volume, and recompression was necessary for volume reduction. Moreover, in general, downsizing of the entire apparatus was required for a narrow sink, installation in a cooking table, or separate installation.

[0004]

[Means for Solving the Problems] As a method for solving these problems, the inventor has previously described Japanese Patent Application Nos. 3-228125 and 3-28125.
-287403, Hei 4-44323, etc. were proposed. The present invention, in addition to these, that is, driving by a rack, that is, a tooth bar and a gear, saving of a required axial length by a bending rack, downsizing, a device and a structure simplification, performance improvement, and post-processing simplification, It adds a new method and structure for the compression mechanism and strainer system. This is done by compressing dust in the processing section using a pusher plate that moves linearly or rotationally as a pressing surface, and then directly fills the adjacent storage container, or the storage section or processing section. After that, the dust is moved to the storage container on the pressurizing surface or directly pressed while being pressurized, or after preliminary crushing and dewatering with a roll or gear type pre-crusher exemplified in Japanese Patent Application No. 63-37759, Similarly, the container is filled. The pre-compression is particularly convenient when a large amount of treatment is performed, because the volume reduction rate is improved to 1/3 to 1/5 for the treatment of bulky waste such as the treatment of waste vegetables. The storage container is reinforced with a reinforcement structure such as a reinforcement box or frame when pressure is applied during filling,
The pusher mechanism is approximately on an extension of the axis of motion and the axes are substantially coincident or angled. If the axes coincide with each other, the storage container or the reinforcing box containing the storage container is moved and connected to the storage chamber as it is or at a slightly different angle. If they are arranged at an angle, they are connected and fixed in place while being constrained by guides or restraints (shafts, fitting mechanisms, etc.). After filling, the garbage is taken out from the box or frame, but the garbage is formed into a reinforced box or frame. Garbage having a small amount of water can be turned into a garbage package formed in a columnar shape or a trapezoidal shape by press-fitting it in a soft container such as a plastic bag by adding water in reverse. The waste plastic can be compressed and filled after being heated by utilizing its thermal softening property. The storage container is heated and cooled by closely contacting the reinforcing structure with pressure, and such heating does not cause any problem. There is no problem if the equipment is heated and washed without a storage container. Pre-crushing or pre-compression dewatering with a roll or gear type pre-crusher can reduce the capacity of the water drainage part or the storage part by adjusting the roll strength as compared with the case of direct compression filling on the pushing surface. it can. Moreover, since the preliminary crushing is performed, the plunger cross-sectional area can be made small, and if the same standard is satisfied, it is possible to fill the storage container at a high pressure and the dehydration rate is improved. Increasing sewage can be treated without increasing the sewage load by diverting it as necessary and applying it to a small purification device. The pre-compression roll is suitably grooved, but it may be a gear or a thin one such as a gear, which is convenient for treating a large one such as scrap vegetables.

[0005]

[Miniaturization of the device] The reduction of the axial length of the device is particularly useful for saving a small cooking space. Rack
The pinion type drive device is used in a wide range of fields because it is simple, but it is difficult to use when there is no axial allowance due to linear motion. It wasn't easy to use a multi-stage structure like a screw. In the present invention, short racks are connected with pins so that they can be bent. Conveniently, the bend is only on one side. If the rack has teeth on one side, bending on the opposite side of the teeth is convenient for linear movement. This is because the downward slack due to the weight can be prevented by applying pressure to the end face opposite to the bottle. In addition, spring steel, plate chains, and caterpillars (crawler tracks) can be used to fit the key into the side groove. Conventionally, the difficulty of the vertical type dust compression processing device is that the dust inlet and the pushing surface or the position of the plunger are in a reciprocal relationship, and the space becomes large, or the dust is difficult to throw in. One of the objects of the present invention is achieved by a function that has both functions. An opening / closing damper may be provided on the inside or the outside of the cylinder following the charging port, and when used on the pressing surface, it may be closed and supported or locked by the support structure to form the pressing surface, and then the pressing or pressing operation may be performed. After the compaction is completed, the surface is again placed along the passage or the inner wall of the storage container and returned to a position where it does not interfere with the throwing in of dust and the like.

[0006]

[Use of strainer space] To reduce the size of the device, hoppers and storage chambers can be omitted and dust can be put directly into a storage container housed in a reinforcement box or the like and then compressed. Since the large strainer in the sink sink has a capacity to store food waste, there is no problem in putting the storage container here. Moreover, the function as a strainer is improved by providing a gap between them. By arranging the storage box housed in the reinforcing box or the frame in this way, the kitchen space can be saved. The storage container is 500 ml,
1000 ml and 1300 ml standard paper pack containers can be used. Not only rigid containers but also new semi-rigid or soft containers or recycled products can be used. In particular, if you use a water-proof paper pack container such as milk or juice, it has good appearance, handleability, deodorant property, storability, and convenience, and since the standard is square, you can stack it after filling, and it has excellent filling and packing density. It is what gives the packaging waste. When storing the storage container in the strainer, it is preferable to install a mechanism to fix the storage container, and to install a guide plate primary strainer or funnel that doubles as a water drain to facilitate easy insertion by hand, or a reverse funnel type that improves water drainage. Is good. Since the dirty water comes into contact with the outside of the storage container, it is possible to inject uncontaminated water temporarily or continuously into the gap of the reinforcing box. This can be done by setting up an inlet for the sewage without sewage or an inlet for the tap water that has been designed to prevent backflow. Even in the case of packaging in a flexible container, it is convenient to form it into a rectangular shape or rice or a cement bag. A plastic bag may be put in a paper box or a paper bag for use, or a water-proof paper bag may be used to obtain a molded waste having a good appearance. These containers should be strong enough not to be damaged when dust is pressed in. Alternatively, the filled and packed garbage can be temporarily stored in a cardboard container or a storage box suitable for it. Even if it has air permeability, it has a good airtightness, so if there is a place, it can take a long garbage collection cycle without being bothered by a strange odor and damage.

[0007]

[Removal of Separation Water and Filling Container and Maintenance of Cleanliness] The present invention facilitates the process from the operation before filling to the removal of the filled storage container. When the container opening is upward, the plunger can be made cylindrical and overflow can be discharged from above. Further, the separated liquid can be taken out by pumping with a pump or siphon, or by suction. Advantageously, according to the invention, no crushing is carried out, so that the fibrous material remains and therefore the dust itself has a filtering effect, so that a separating liquid is obtained and overflows on top of the dust and on the top of the push plate or on the side of the plunger. It has the advantage of not using a filter or a simple filter. When using a pump, you can use pumping, suction, vacuum, pipe ironing type, diaphragm type, ball type, those with elastic restoring force in combination, ejector, etc. Siphon is also applied by known method it can. Electricity, hydraulic pressure, hydraulic head, pneumatic pressure, or manual can be used as a driving force, and it can be controlled by a switch or a valve.
The plunger may be provided with a liquid inlet to collect the liquid. You may make a hole in the bottom of a container. At this time, after filling, it may be restored with gum tape, water resistant adhesive tape or the like. When storing a plastic bag-shaped storage container directly or in another storage container and then mounting it in a reinforcing box or frame to store dust, provide a passage opening at the bottom of the plastic bag or a tubular film molding without a bottom. It is folded back to form a bottom and drainage or waste passage and closed after storing garbage. In some cases, it may be necessary to treat the separated liquid separately from the drainage to reduce the BOD and then join the drainage. In such a case, it is convenient that the separated liquid discharge passage also has a filtering function or a fluid purifying function, and since the flow rate can be restricted, the staying time can be extended. For example, inexpensive activated carbon, carbonaceous material, fibrous material, or those in which microorganisms are attached to them are connected to the bottom of the container, which is convenient for disposal. This is proposed in Japanese Patent Application No. 4-245425 of the inventor, but it can be combined with the waste treatment according to the present invention in order to easily treat the wastewater of the waste. The storage container reinforcement structure or the box preferably has a structure in which the frame or the like is loosened so as to lower the filling pressure or the pressure is released to the extraction side in order to easily take out the storage container after filling the dust. Regardless of the shape, when the dust is filled, the storage container is substantially enclosed in a box shape except the press-fitting side surface. Further, by making the reinforcing wall surface slightly concave or convex, there is an advantage that the pressure resistance is increased and the weight can be reduced. After filling, the storage container easily sticks to the container due to the filling pressure, so you can loosen it or take it out, or you can change the trapezoidal cross-section so that the cross-sectional area becomes large in the take-out direction. Can be taken out. The water injected into the gap prevents invasion of sewage and also prevents close contact, facilitating removal of the container. The contact surface may be processed with low friction. The pressing surface may be pushed or loosened by moving the pressing surface with a lever or a screw.

[0008]

[Embodiment 1] FIG. 1 shows a refuse processing apparatus 1 which can be used by being incorporated in a kitchen, a cooking table, and a waste processing machine. For a storage container such as a waste milk pack 6, open the lid 3 and put it in the reinforcing box 2,
Alternatively, it is inserted into the insertion assisting piece 15 shown in FIG. 10, the lid 3 is closed, and the lock 5 fixes. The garbage in the hopper or strainer 8 and the storage chamber 10 is pushed into the storage container 6 by the pushing surface or the plunger 11.
The motor with a notch on the bottom is a motor 17
It is driven by a rack-pinion system including a pinion 29 and a rack 21. The rack is bendable by connecting short racks with pins 22. The teeth 25 are linearly aligned with the guide rolls 19 and 20 by a long rack bush or the guide pieces 16 and 18, and smoothly move like the conventional straight racks. Since it bends, there are few restrictions on the length in the axial direction, dust can be pushed to the bottom of the storage container if necessary, halfway blocking due to the wall effect can be avoided, and dense packing is possible. The damper 9 is interlocked with 11, and can be opened and closed by scratching with a nail or the like by a known method. ,
An independent drive may be used. Damper 7 is dirty water,
It prevents the entry of dust and spills, and can be opened and closed in the same way, but it is convenient to use it manually as a drive switch. 12 is a perforated drainage plate, and 26 is drainage. FIG. 2 shows a rack having a connecting pin 22 on the side opposite to the tooth 25. The corners 27 are rounded by chamfering to prevent blockage between the rack bush and the guide pieces 16, 18. In this figure, elastic guides 19 and 20 such as leaf springs are used instead of the guide rolls. FIG. 3 is a cross section. The drawings are of a mating type and have the advantage of being easy to manufacture, but they may be a fitting type such as a chain conducting chain.

[0009]

[Embodiment 2] FIG. 4 shows a vertical filling device incorporated in a sink. It is difficult to refill the garbage collected or put in a net bag etc. into the storage container 6 such as a waste milk pack, but it is an actual practice to put it in the container little by little with a sink. Since it occupies a department, there are few problems. In a relatively large strainer, the storage container 6 can be housed together with the reinforcing box 2 inside. In addition, a well-known detachable strainer collar can be used, and the strainer can be fixed by a plurality of fixtures 32 and can be pushed or compressed and dehydrated by a simple mechanism using a drive mechanism including the motor 17 and the like. 33 is an opening / closing lid and can be used as a pressing surface.
Another pushing surface may be inserted through the opening 40 to push in dust, and a drive mechanism may be used if necessary. As the drive mechanism, a new or known drive mechanism such as a linear rack-pinion, a screw, a hydraulic cylinder, a magic hand type can be used. Lever can be used manually or hydraulic or screw jacks may be used. When using 33, remove the lock fixture 32, pull up the inner cylinder guide 15 to close 33, insert again without locking or locking, put it on the dust, press the dust, then fasten 32,
Activate the drive mechanism. The compression control can utilize the technique already filed by the inventor, but a known method may be used without limitation. The push-up function can be used not only for compressing dust but also for pushing out the storage container at the time of completion of filling and taking out, and taking it out from above. 15 is detached and taken out. Push it up to an easy height and push it up with the button operation to take it out. Then another container can be easily attached. Manual or automatic stapler can be added.

[0010]

[Embodiment 3] FIG. 5 shows a storage container reinforcing box or a storage container 6 reinforced by a frame 2 stored in a strainer bucket for storing food waste. The storage container may be a plastic bag, but new or waste milk carton or juice,
Paper pack containers for water, sake, seasonings, etc. are suitable. The position of 2 is defined by a positioning 42 fixed by a fixing screw or the like, and is easily attached and detached. 41 is a weir that prevents the inflow of water flowing down 31 into the waste inside the storage container.
The plate may be processed or a frame may be placed. A drainage hole 44 may be provided in the case of a reinforced box. Also, a hole may be formed in the storage container corresponding to 44. This also applies to FIG. You can push in or compress the dust with a push plate with a handle, or take out the storage container,
It may be put on a separate waste compressor. According to the test, the bulk specific gravity of the garbage simply dropped from the mouth 40 is low and is 0.2-0.4.
It is generally efficient to push it by hand to fill it up and then take it out of the sink. The bulk specific gravity when pushed by hand is 0.4-0.7, and 0.9 by mechanical compression.
It was about -1. Pressure 0.05-5kg / cm ² or so, especially 0.5-2.5kg / cm ² about is mechanically easier. FIG. 6 is a plan view of the lid 31 having the container opening 40, the water hole or slit, and the weir 41. FIG. 7 is a cross section of the strainer bucket. FIG. 8 is an example in which the holes in FIG. 6 are sieves.

[0011]

[Embodiment 4] FIG. 9 shows a case in which the pushing surface in the case of compression is double-opening which may be folded inward. Baffle plate 47 for flowing down water and its supporting projections 48, folding back 49 of the reinforcing box, sealing dam 5
It is a storage container internal strainer having 0. This can also be used for the storage container of FIG.

[0012]

Embodiment 5 FIG. 10 can be used not only as a sink in the strainer but also as a decorative waste bin in the room. It is possible to push in scraps of paper using a pushing tool having a pushing surface. The valve 15 is a bayonet valve which facilitates the baying, similar to 15 in FIG. In addition, insert an inner cylinder such as 15 in Fig. 3 which is auxiliary.
The reinforcement box or the cutout portion of the decoration box 2 may be covered separately, but it facilitates the pulling up of the ear 6 by grasping it. After filling, it can be closed with a stapler as in FIG.

[0013]

[Sixth Embodiment] FIG. 11 shows that when the pushing surface or the inner lid 33 is thrown in dust, the lever 56 also serves as a fixing tool to pull it open to the inner wall 15 of the guide port and close it when pressure is applied. Support to withstand pushing pressure. Of course, it is convenient to use a hand tool such as a stick with a pushing surface, or to use it together. 52, 54, 55, 58 and the like are fulcrums or joints.

As described above, according to the present invention, garbage, debris, etc. are directly pushed into a reinforced storage container for compactification, dehydration, and packaging at the same time. Not only garbage, waste food packaging sewage, odor emission, insect damage, prevention of unclean garbage scattering by animals, saving storage space, facilitating handling at home and business, facilitating composting, waste paper and waste plastic There are advantages of clean and low cost such as household treatment, transportation by compactness, improvement of storage efficiency, material handling and incineration.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of a horizontal dust pushing device.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of a bent rack-pinion elevation surface.

FIG. 3 is a plan sectional view of a rack.

FIG. 4 is an elevational cross-sectional view of a sink incorporating a vertical press-fitting device.

FIG. 5 is an elevational sectional view of the sink with the storage container housed in the strainer bucket.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of a strainer lid.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a storage container, a reinforcing box, and a strainer bucket.

FIG. 8 is a plan view of a lid made of a net.

FIG. 9 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a device having a double-sided pushing surface.

FIG. 10 is a sketch drawing of a waste box containing a storage container.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory view of a longitudinal cross section of the guide opening inside pressurizing surface and a supporting component.

12 is a plan view of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Pushing device 2 Reinforcing box or frame 3 Opening / closing lid 6 Storage container 9 Damper 10 Storage chamber 11 Pushing surface or plunger 17 Drive machine 18 Guide block 21 Bending rack 23, 24 Damper, pushing position of pushing surface. 30 sink 43 fixed parts

Claims (17)

[Claims] 1. A reinforcing box or frame for holding a waste container,
And a drive mechanism that constitutes a rack-pinion system in which a plurality of racks are linearly connected and bends from a nodule, and a plunger or pressing surface smaller than the inner diameter of the storage container. 2. A reinforcing member for holding a waste container, or a drive unit composed of a rack-pinion system in which a plurality of racks having plungers or pushing surfaces are linearly connected and bent from a node to move the waste into the container. Waste disposal device to be pushed into. 3. A waste treatment device comprising a cylindrical strainer of a sink and a waste container fixing device arranged inside the strainer, and a lid having an opening for the waste container inside and a strainer portion. 4. A corner- or round-shaped storage container reinforcing box or frame arranged inside a cylindrical strainer or drain of the sink, and an outer periphery of the sink matches with the opening of the sink, and has an opening for the storage container. Waste disposal device consisting of attachments. 5. The waste processing apparatus according to claim 3, which has a dust pushing surface. 6. The refuse disposal apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, wherein non-dirt water is injected into a gap between the container reinforcement box and the container. 7. Garbage stored in a storage container by moving the dust pressing surface or the storage container reinforcing box by one or a combination selected from manual, lever, rack-pinion system, screw rotation system, and fluid pressure. The waste processing apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the waste is compressed. 8. A waste treatment method in which refuse is moved to a storage container after being compressed or is press-fitted into the storage container, wherein a passage which is a drainable or exhaust opening that can be closed is provided at the bottom of the storage container. Garbage disposal equipment. 9. In a waste treatment method in which waste is moved to a storage container after being compressed or is press-fitted into the storage container, a plastic bag-shaped storage container is placed directly or in another storage container and then attached to a reinforcing container. When storing garbage, a method of treating garbage that has a passage opening at the bottom of a plastic bag or folds back a cylindrical film molding without a bottom to form a bottom and drainage or waste passage and closes after storing garbage. 10. A rack drive device having a linear or curved motion in which a drive portion is provided with a guide function for preventing the rack from bending when a rack-pinion system is constructed in which short racks are connected and bent from a node. 11. The drive device according to claim 2, wherein a groove or a protrusion is provided on a side surface of the rack in a direction intersecting with a bending direction of the rack, and a belt-shaped or chain-shaped bend preventing function is activated on the groove or the protrusion after the rack or the protrusion is sent out. 12. A waste treatment device in which a separated liquid is treated when the waste is compressed or press-fitted into a storage container, is treated separately from the drainage to reduce BOD, and then merges with the drained waste. The method for treating refuse according to claim 8, which also has a function or a function of purifying a fluid. 13. Disposal of garbage that is put into a water cutout or a storage while being compressed and crushed by a compression roll or a gear, pressed into a storage container by a plunger or a pushing surface, or moved to a storage container after compression. Law. 14. A tool for treating refuse, comprising a storage container reinforcing structure having a fall prevention function, a paper pack storage container, and a reinforcing tool for reinforcing a container opening and connecting it to a reinforcing frame. 15. A waste disposal tool comprising a storage container reinforcing structure having a fall prevention function, a soft storage container, and a hard auxiliary container, wherein the soft storage container is stored in the auxiliary container and the auxiliary container is reinforced by the storage container reinforcing structure. A method of processing dust and debris that puts dust and debris into a rear storage container and compresses it with a pusher. 16. The method for treating dust and debris according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the fall prevention function is one or a combination selected from columns, a frame, a plate, a skirt or a magnet. 17. A plastic waste is heated to a temperature higher than the deformation temperature and lower than the decomposition temperature to be compressed in a storage chamber having an electric heat, radiation, or convection heating mechanism, and then, in a warm state, a paper or plastic material A method of processing plastic waste that is pushed into a small container.