JPH06123341A - Continuously variable automatic transmission - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a continuously variable automatic transmission with a compact size, simple structure and high transmission torque. CONSTITUTION:Rotation of an input shaft 1 is transmitted to an output shaft 3 and the rotational speed of the output shaft 3 is continuously changed by moving speed change discs 5 in input/output axial direction by connecting together an input disc 2 and am output disc 4 provided on the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 3 respectively or a loosely fitted disc provided between these discs by means of rotatably supported speed change discs 5.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a mechanism for steplessly changing the speed of rotation of a prime mover such as a motor or an engine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a means for continuously rotating a motor, an engine, or the like to continuously transmit a rotational force, rolling friction is generally and widely used.

[0003] For example, there are one that spans a belt between two conical wheels arranged at point symmetry positions and that shifts the position of the belt, and one that shifts the widths of two pulleys relative to each other. is there. Since these are simple in structure and inexpensive, they are widely used for transmissions of small motorcycles. Further, there is a system of continuously variable transmission by engaging another disc member between each of a plurality of slidably supported thin discs and continuously moving the engaged position. This is a Bayer type continuously variable transmission, which can secure many contact points and can extremely increase the transmission torque.

Further, there is a method in which a conical planetary cone is rotated between a ring and an input / output disk, and the ring is moved to change the speed. This has an advantage that the gear shift range is wide and the output shaft can be stopped. Generally, those that use the planetary mechanism, such as the planet cone,
In contrast to mere frictional conduction, power is transmitted to the frictional contact portion through an oil film by a so-called traction drive method. This traction drive has the effect of increasing the contact area due to the oil film and reducing noise.

[0005]

The conditions required for the continuously variable transmission are that it is capable of transmitting a large amount of torque, has a wide shift range, has a simple structure, and is compact. Seems to be essential. However, in the system used as the conventional speed change mechanism, although there are many advantages as described above, it is the fact that it is necessary to make the best use of each feature and to use them properly according to the purpose of use. there were. That is, the conventional conical wheel or the combination of the pulley and the belt has a narrow gear shift range and the input and output shafts are not coaxial, so that the structure is simple, but the size cannot be reduced. The Bayer type continuously variable transmission needs to move the disk in the radial direction and the thrust direction as the gear is changed, and thus the structure becomes extremely complicated, large, and expensive. Further, there is a drawback that the backlash of the disc holding portion due to the forward and reverse rotation cannot be avoided. Those using a planetary mechanism such as a planetary cone have few contact points and are not suitable for transmitting a large torque. Moreover, the shape of the roller conductive portion is complicated, and extremely high processing accuracy is required, resulting in high cost.
Further, as the reduction gear ratio increases, the planetary mechanism rotates at a higher speed. Therefore, when the planetary mechanism is traction-driven, there is a drawback that heat generation in oil increases and efficiency decreases.

For these reasons, there has been a widespread demand in the industry for a continuously variable transmission that has a large transmission torque, has a simple structure, and is compact.

[0007]

Therefore, the present inventor has achieved the present invention as a result of earnest research in view of the above problems, and is characterized in that the input disk provided on the input shaft is characterized. An output disc that is provided on the output shaft and faces the input disc, a transmission plate that is radially provided over the outer peripheral portions of the two discs and abuts, and the transmission disc. Is configured to be rotatably held, and the rotation of the input shaft is continuously accelerated and decelerated by transmitting the speed change ring to the output shaft by moving the speed change ring in the input / output shaft direction.

Alternatively, at least one input disc is provided on the input shaft, an output disc is provided on the output shaft, and at least one is provided between the input disc and the output disc. And a play disk rotatably supported on the axis of the output shaft, in which a first disk member and a second disk member are arranged side by side, and disks or play circles located on both sides of the play disk. The outer peripheral portion of the disc or the disc member adjacent to the first disc member of the plate and the outer peripheral portion of the disc or the disc member adjacent to the second disc member are respectively referred to as the first disc member and the outer peripheral portion of the disc. A plurality of radially arranged transmission plates, which are laid across and abutted against the second disc member, and a plurality of radially arranged transmission plates, which form one set, are rotatably provided in each set. A shift ring to be held, wherein at least one shift ring is moved in the input / output axis direction. Ri, the input disc the rotation of the input shaft, 遊装 disc is to continuously accelerated and decelerated through the output disc transmitted to the output shaft.

As used herein, the term "input disc" refers to a disc that is fixed or integrally provided on an input shaft that is directly or indirectly driven by a power source such as a motor or an engine. Say.

The "output disc" is a disc provided at a position facing the input disc. An output shaft is fixedly or integrally provided on the output disc, and the rotation of the input shaft driven by the power source is transmitted to the output shaft. The input disc and the output disc are arranged on the same axis and are provided so as to be separated from each other. The diameters of the input disk and the output disk are not particularly limited and may be the same or different.

The "transmission plate" refers to a plate-shaped member which is brought into contact with the outer peripheral portion of the disc member of the input disc, the output disc or the play disc. That is, it is for bridging the input disc and the output disc or the disc member of the play disc so that the rotation of the input disc is transmitted to the output disc by rolling friction. Therefore, by sliding the transmission plate in contact with the outer peripheral portions of the two discs or the disc members, the radius ratio of the contact points with the two discs or the disc members is continuously changed. , The rotation of the input shaft is changed and transmitted to the output shaft. A plurality of transmission plates are provided around the input disc and the output disc or the disc member. The number is required to be at least two or more, but the more the number is provided, the more the contact portions are provided, and the transmission torque can be increased.

"Transmission ring" means a rotatably supporting transmission plate. The plurality of transmission plates are rotatably supported by the transmission rings so that their central axes are located on the same plane. Therefore, changing the radius ratio of the contact points of the transmission plate is performed by sliding the transmission ring in the axial direction of the input shaft and the output shaft. That is, when the speed change ring is moved toward the input disc, the output shaft is rotated at a high speed, and when the shift ring is moved toward the output disc, at a low speed. To support the transmission plate, it may be simply rotatably supported, but it is supported while pressing the transmission plate against the input disc and the output disc or disc member with an elastic body such as a disc spring, a coil spring, and silicon rubber. Preferably. In particular, the disc spring is effective because it is compact and can obtain a high pressing force. Pressing the transmission plate with an elastic body not only increases the frictional force, but also absorbs variations in the processing precision of the input disc, the output disc, or the disc member, and allows them to follow. When the diameters of the output discs or the disc members are different, even if the transmission ring is moved in the input / output axis direction, the transmission discs can always contact the input disc and the output disc without being separated from each other. Is.

The "playing disc" is rotatably supported on the same axis of the input shaft and the output shaft between the input disc and the output disc, and two disc members are arranged side by side. Say. This idle disk may be rotatably provided on either one of the input shaft and the output shaft, or two or more thereof may be provided. Transmission of the rotational force from the input disc to the output disc due to the provision of the idle disc is achieved by bridging the transmission discs around the outer peripheries of the input disc and the disc members adjacent to the input disc. Get in touch. Similarly, the output discs are similarly connected to the adjacent disc members by the transmission plate. Therefore, when one play disc is provided, the transmission disc sequentially transmits from the input disc to the play disc and the output disc. When a plurality of play disks are provided, the adjacent disk members of the play disks are connected to each other by a transmission plate so that the disks are sequentially transmitted. By interposing the idle discs, the number of gear shift rings is increased by the number of the intervening discs, and gear shifting can be performed by each of them. The plurality of transmission rings may be individually moved, but all or a part of them may be interlocked. Further, some of the plurality of transmission rings may be fixed. That is, a part of it is only to keep the ratio of acceleration / deceleration by the transmission plate constant, and not to change the speed. In this case, the speed change plate may be rotatably supported by the speed change ring that does not move, and thus may be supported by a fixed object such as a casing instead of the speed change ring.

[0014]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings.

1A and 1B are schematic views showing an example of a continuously variable transmission mechanism according to the present invention. An input disc 2 provided on an input shaft 1 and an output provided on an output shaft 3. The discs 4 are provided so as to face each other, and the transmission plates 5 are bridged and abutted on the outer peripheral portions of the respective discs. In this example, six transmission plates 5 are provided radially around the two discs, and each of them is rotatably provided and its rotation shafts are provided on the same plane. By moving all the transmission plates 5 in the input / output shaft direction at the same time, the ratio of the radii of the contact portions of the transmission plates 5 with the input disc 2 and the output disc 4 changes, which causes the rotation of the input shaft 1. The number can be increased or decreased and transmitted to the output shaft 3. Input disk 2
And the diameter of the output disc 4 is the same, the gear ratio is represented by r / R. R is the distance from the rotation axis of the transmission plate 5 to the contact portion with the input disc 2, and r is the distance from the rotation shaft of the transmission plate 5 to the contact portion with the output disc 4. That is, when the number of revolutions of the input shaft is constant, the output shaft 3 becomes high rotation when the transmission plate 5 is moved to the input disc 2 side, and becomes low rotation when it is moved to the output disc 4 side.

FIG. 2A shows an embodiment of a transmission 20 using a continuously variable transmission mechanism according to the present invention. The input disc 2 and the output disc 4 are rotatable in a housing 6, respectively. And an input shaft 1 and an output shaft 3, respectively. Further, six transmission plates 5 are provided around the outer circumferences of the input disk 2 and the output disk 4 so as to be in contact therewith. The speed change plates 5 are rotatably supported by the speed change rings 7 and are biased by the disc springs 8 in a direction of pressing the input disk 2 and the output disk 4. The shift ring 7 is slidably provided in the housing 6 in the direction of the input / output axis, and is moved left and right by an operating screw 9. A gear shift knob 10 is provided on the operating screw 9, and the gear shift knob 10 is turned from outside the housing 6 to shift gears. The method of moving the transmission ring 7 is not particularly limited, and any method may be used. In this example, the speed change ring 7 is guided by the three guide pins 14 provided in the housing 6 in the axial direction to be moved, as shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 shows another example of the present invention, in which two speed change rings 7 are provided and the speed change ratio can be increased by changing the speed of each speed change ring 7. This transmission 20 is provided with an idler disc 11 in which a first disc member 12 and a second disc member 13 are arranged in parallel between an input disc 2 and an output disc 4. Although the idle disk 11 is rotatably provided on the output shaft 3 in this example, it may be provided on the input shaft 1 or a separate shaft. The first disc member 12 and the input disc 2, and the second disc member and the output disc 4 are connected by a transmission plate 5, respectively, and a plurality of radially provided transmission plates 5 are set as one set and a shift is performed for each set. It is rotatably held by a ring 7. In this example, the two shift rings 7 are connected to each other so that they can be simultaneously moved in the input / output axis direction by the operating screws 9, but a means for moving each shift ring 7 may be provided.

By interposing the idler disc 11 between the input disc 2 and the output disc 4 as in the above-described embodiment, the gear ratio can be sequentially changed. By providing a plurality of gears, the gear ratio between the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 3 can be further increased. FIG. 4 shows a playable disk 11
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing an example in which two gears are provided, and is a transmission device 20 that shifts gears by three shift rings 7. In this case, each shift ring 7 may be moved individually,
As in the previous embodiment, two or three may be co-connected and moved simultaneously. When a plurality of shift rings 7 are provided, some of them may be fixed without being movably supported.

[0019]

As described above, the continuously variable transmission mechanism according to the present invention has a simple structure and is compact, and by increasing the number of transmission plates, a large amount of torque can be transmitted and an idle speed can be reduced. By providing one or a plurality of mounting discs, it is possible to further widen the shift range, and it is extremely useful in practice.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1A is a schematic view showing an example of a continuously variable transmission mechanism according to the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a side view of FIG.

FIG. 2 (a) is a vertical partial sectional view showing an embodiment of a transmission using a continuously variable transmission mechanism according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 (b) is a horizontal partial sectional view. In addition, (a) is a XX sectional view of (b).

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a speed change device that is provided with an idler disk and performs a speed change in two stages.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing an example of a speed change device provided with an idler disk and changing the speed in three stages.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Input Shaft 2 Input Disc 3 Output Shaft 4 Output Disc 5 Shift Plate 6 Housing 7 Shift Ring 8 Spring 9 Operating Screw 10 Shift Knob 11 Playing Disc 12 First Disc Member 13 Second Disc Member 14 Guide Pin 20 transmission

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. An input disc provided on an input shaft, an output disc provided on an output shaft, which faces the input disc, and a spanning outer peripheral portion of the two discs and abutting against each other. It is composed of a plurality of transmission plates that are radially provided and a transmission ring that holds the transmission plates rotatably, respectively. By moving the transmission rings in the input / output axis direction, rotation of the input shaft can be prevented. A continuously variable transmission mechanism characterized by continuously accelerating and decelerating and transmitting to the output shaft. 2. An input disc provided on an input shaft, an output disc provided on an output shaft, and at least one provided between the input disc and the output disc. A play disk in which a first disk member and a second disk member are rotatably supported on a shaft and an axis of the output shaft, and disks or play machines located on both sides of the play disk. Of the discs, the outer periphery of the disc or the disc member adjacent to the first disc member and the outer periphery of the disc or the disc member adjacent to the second disc member are respectively defined by the first disc.
A plurality of radially arranged transmission plates, which are arranged around the disc member and the second disc member and are in contact with the second disc member, and a plurality of radially arranged transmission plates as one set. Each of which is rotatably held, wherein at least one transmission ring is moved in the direction of the input / output shaft to rotate the input shaft so as to rotate the input disc, the idle disc, and the output disc. A continuously variable transmission mechanism characterized by continuously accelerating and decelerating via a disc and transmitting it to the output shaft. 3. The transmission plate is held by the transmission ring in a state of being urged by an elastic body in a direction of pressing against a disc or a disc member which is bridged and abutted.
Alternatively, the continuously variable transmission mechanism according to claim 2.