JPH06123213A - Exhaust gas purifying device for diesel engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To surely collect component, harmful to human organism, included in exhaust gas discharged in association with operation of a diesel engine. CONSTITUTION:A bulkhead plate 7 for relaxing flow energy of gas at the time of passing by drilling multiple holes 6 thereon, a cooling body 9 having holes for passing exhaust gas, vibration plates 14 by which the end surfaces of pre- filters 12, 13 on which dusts stick after passing exhaust gas are beaten in association with vibration of an engine, and an electrostatic dust collector for electrostatic ally sticking particle dust of exhaust gas on multiple arranged high charged dust collecting plates, are arranged in order from the upstream side of exhaust gas, on a part of the exhaust pipe 1 of a diesel engine. Recovering sumps 15, 18 for collecting dusts which flow down in association with vibration of the vibration plate 14 or the engine, are provided, at least, in the positions below the pre-filters 12, 13 and the electrostatic dust collector.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a device for purifying exhaust gas of a diesel engine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A diesel engine is widely used as a power source for vehicles, ships, work machines, and other facilities. Exhaust gas emitted from the operation of this diesel engine is only available in the area where it is used. Instead, it has become a major pollution problem that causes environmental destruction on a global scale.

The components harmful to the exhaust gas here are:
Dust such as black smoke mainly containing nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide,
Since they are fine particles, it is strongly desired to remove these components.

Conventionally, various measures have been taken to purify exhaust gas of a diesel engine, such as mechanical treatment with a filter or means using a catalyst such as zeolite or aluminum oxide. It was

Further, attention is paid to the fact that the generation of dust and particles such as black smoke containing carbon monoxide is caused by the incomplete combustion of the diesel engine, and the engine itself is configured to have good combustion efficiency and expect complete combustion. Things have also been tried.

[0006]

However, the above-mentioned mechanical processing means using the filter has a drawback in that the filter is often clogged, and the means using a catalyst has a drawback that the engine is lowered. Therefore, practical application was difficult.

Further, the means for improving the combustion efficiency of the engine is significantly effective in preventing the generation of dust and fine particles such as black smoke, but on the other hand, when complete combustion is achieved, the fuel is burned. Nitrogen in the air, which is necessary for air conditioning, is efficiently oxidized and discharged as nitrogen oxides. That is, the emission of nitrogen oxide, which is a harmful component to the human body, is rather increased, which is a great inconvenience.

Therefore, the present invention was developed in order to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks and inconveniences of the prior art, and it is possible to reliably collect a component harmful to the human body that generates exhaust gas. To aim.

[0009]

An exhaust gas purifying apparatus for a diesel engine according to the present invention is provided with a plurality of holes in a part of an exhaust pipe of a diesel engine in order from the upstream side of the exhaust gas when passing through the gas. , A cooling plate that has a through hole through which exhaust gas passes, and a vibration plate that taps the end surface of the pre-filter where exhaust gas passes and dust adheres with the vibration of the engine. An electrostatic precipitator that electrostatically attaches fine particles of exhaust gas to the highly charged precipitator is placed, and at least below the pre-filter and the electrostatic precipitator, to prevent vibration of the diaphragm or engine. The configuration is provided with a recovery tank for collecting the dust that falls with it.

[0010]

Therefore, the exhaust gas discharged from the diesel engine flows vigorously out of the exhaust pipe at high temperature and high speed and reaches the device according to the present invention, but the exhaust gas first collides with the partition plate and expands. This alleviates the trend,
Moreover, the fine particles contained in the exhaust gas are slightly enlarged, pass through many holes and flow downstream.

The exhaust gas is cooled by passing through the through holes of the cooling body. Since the flow force is moderated by the above-mentioned partition plate, there is a certain passage time, and therefore sufficient cooling is possible. To be achieved. This cooling is to make the components in the exhaust gas into particles as large as possible and to enhance the adsorption efficiency for the downstream prefilter.

When the cooled exhaust gas passes through the pre-filter, dust in its components adheres to the pre-filter, and the adhered dust hits the end face of the pre-filter by the diaphragm along with the vibration of the engine. As a result, it falls into the collection tank below and is collected. Further, when passing through this pre-filter, since the flow force is eased by the partition plate as in the case of passing through the cooling body, the adhesion of dust becomes more reliable.

Then, when the exhaust gas passes through the electrostatic precipitator, the fine dust particles in the components electrostatically adhere to the highly charged precipitating plates arranged in large numbers in the electrostatic precipitator. In other words, the electrostatic precipitator separates the fine dust from the gas by inductively charging it with an electric field and attracts it to the highly charged dust collector. In this case, the nitrogen oxides contained in the exhaust gas adhering to and contained in the fine dust can be removed at the same time. The dust adhering to the highly charged dust collecting plate falls with the vibration of the engine and is collected in the collection tank.

[0014]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A device 2 according to the present invention connected to an exhaust pipe 1 of a diesel engine has a structure in which a cylindrical first main body 3 and a second main body 4 are communicatively connected in the illustrated embodiment. The first main body 3 and the second main body 4 may be separated and connected, or may be configured by a single tubular body, depending on the usage form of a railcar, a railcar, a ship, and the like.

In the first main body 3, a partition plate 7 having a large number of holes 6 is mounted inside the front end opening 5 which is the upstream side of the exhaust gas, and the exhaust pipe is vigorously driven at high temperature and high speed. The exhaust gas that has flown out collides with the partition plate 7, the flow force is relaxed, and the exhaust gas expands.

A first pre-filter 8 is mounted behind the partition plate 7. This first pre-filter 8 is
It is composed of aluminum alloy piano wires assembled in a mesh shape, and is for adhering dust of exhaust gas, but the main purpose is to further relax the flow force of exhaust gas passing through the holes 6 of the partition plate 7. This is for rectifying.

The cooling body 9 mounted behind the first pre-filter 8 is a water cooling type in the illustrated embodiment, but may be an air cooling type and has a through hole 10 through which exhaust gas passes.

The cooling body 9 is for making the components of the exhaust gas into particles as much as possible, and therefore it is better that the passage time is as long as possible, and therefore the partition plate 7 or the first pre-filter 8 described above makes It is necessary to relax the flow and rectify it.

A removing chamber 11 is formed behind the cooling body 9, and a second pre-filter 12 and a third pre-filter 13 are mounted in front of and behind the removing chamber 11. The second pre-filter 12 and the third pre-filter 13 have the same structure as the above-mentioned first pre-filter 8 and adhere dust of exhaust gas.
The third pre-filter 13 is mounted at the rear end of the first main body 3.

The exhaust gas is the second prefilter 1
As in the case of the cooling body 9, it is better that the passage time is as long as possible in order to ensure that the dust, which is its component, passes through the second and third pre-filters 13, and for this reason, the partition plate is also used. 7 or the first pre-filter 8 needs to relax the flow of exhaust gas.

A vibrating plate 14 is swingably suspended in the vicinity of the rear of the second pre-filter 12, and the same vibrating plate 14 is swingably suspended in the vicinity of the front of the third pre-filter 13. The vibration plate 14 is oscillated when the engine, the vehicle body, or the like vibrates, and the second pre-filter 1 is installed.
The dust that adheres to the second pre-filter 12 and the third pre-filter 13 when the exhaust gas passes through the end faces of the second and third pre-filters 13 is provided below the removal chamber 11. It is dropped into the recovery tank 15 of No. 1 and collected.

The exhaust gas from which dust has been removed to some extent by the first main body 3 flows out to the second main body 4 and is further purified by the electrostatic precipitator 16. That is, the electrostatic precipitator 16 has a structure in which a large number of highly charged dust collecting plates 17 are arranged inside the exhaust gas passing through, and since fine dust particles of the exhaust gas electrostatically adhere to the highly charged dust collecting plates 17. is there.

A second recovery tank 18 similar to the first recovery tank 15 of the removal chamber 11 is also provided below the electrostatic precipitator 16 in the second main body 4 for the engine and vehicle body. The dust attached to the highly charged dust collecting plate 17 is dropped and collected by the vibrations such as the above.

Incidentally, the first recovery tank 15 and the second recovery tank 18
The dust or the like collected in (1) is vacuum-sucked from the collection port 19 provided in each collection tank at appropriate intervals according to the accumulated state and collected outside.

If a peripheral edge filter (not shown) having the same structure as the above-mentioned first pre-filter 8 or the like is arranged at the rear end of the second main body 4, the purification efficiency is further improved. It will be a thing.

Further, if a large number of heat radiation fins 20 are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the first main body 3, cooling of the exhaust gas can be achieved more reliably.

[0028]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY As described above, the present invention is capable of easily and surely collecting harmful components, particularly carbon monoxide, of exhaust gas emitted by a diesel engine during operation, and a filter. Since carbon monoxide can be removed without causing clogging of the engine and lowering of the engine, there is no risk of pollution because the combustion efficiency of the engine is further improved and a large amount of nitrogen oxides is not generated. The exhaust gas purifying apparatus for a diesel engine of the present invention has many excellent effects.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a device of an exhaust gas purifying apparatus for a diesel engine of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view showing a first main body.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view showing a second main body.

[Explanation of symbols]

1; exhaust pipe, 6; hole, 7; partition plate, 9; cooling body, 10; through hole, 12, 13; pre-filter, 14; diaphragm, 1
6; Electrostatic precipitator, 17; Highly charged dust collector, 15, 18; Recovery tank.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A partition plate (7) for relaxing a gas flow force when passing through a plurality of holes (6) formed in a part of an exhaust pipe (1) of a diesel engine in order from an upstream side of exhaust gas. ), A cooling body (9) having a through hole (10) through which exhaust gas passes, and end faces of pre-filters (12) and (13) through which exhaust gas passes and dust adheres, along with engine vibration. A vibrating plate (14) for striking and an electrostatic precipitator (16) for electrostatically adhering fine particles of exhaust gas to a large number of highly charged dust collecting plates (17) are arranged, and at least the prefilter (12) ), (13) and the electrostatic dust collector (16) below
An exhaust gas purifying apparatus for a diesel engine, characterized by comprising recovery tanks (15), (18) for collecting dust falling due to vibration of said diaphragm (14) or engine.