JPH06121971A - Washing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the washing device which can decrease the amt. of the contamination washing liquid to be thrown. CONSTITUTION:A work 4 is immersed into a washing liquid 3 housed in a washing tank 1 and is subjected to washing. This washing tank 1 is provided with an outflow port 8 and an inflow port 9. A contamination washing liquid separating means 11 for taking the contamination washing liquid 3 contg. the contaminants by washing of the work 4 out of the outflow port 8 and separating the contamination washing liquid 3 contg. the concd. contaminants and the washing liquid 3 substantially free from contaminants is provided. A storage tank 12 is provided between the washing tank 1 and the contamination washing liquid separating means 1. A contamination washing liquid circulating means 15 for taking the contamination washing liquid 3 contg. the concd. contaminant out of the contamination washing liquid separating means 11 and circulating the liquid to the storage tank 12 is provided. The storage tank 12 is provided with a contamination washing liquid throwing means 12a for throwing the contamination washing liquid 3. A contamination washing liquid circulating means 14 for taking the washing liquid 3 contg. substantially no contaminants out of the contamination washing liquid separating means 11 and circulating the washing liquid to the washing tank 1 from the inflow port 9 is provided.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cleaning device for cleaning a work by immersing it in a cleaning liquid contained in a cleaning tank.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in each field of the manufacturing industry, it is common to wash manufactured processed products before making them final products. The cleaning is performed to remove material scraps and oil adhered during manufacturing, and foreign materials such as raw materials remaining unprocessed and dirt, and various cleanings used for such cleaning. The device is known.

For example, there is known a pickling apparatus for cleaning foreign substances on the surface of a tungsten-cobalt alloy cemented carbide chip with an acid. The cemented carbide chip is manufactured by mixing metal powders of tungsten and cobalt alone in appropriate proportions and then sintering, but a single substance of the raw material which is not alloyed in the gap of the particles alloyed by sintering. Cobalt powder remains. When the raw material cobalt powder is present in the surface layer of the cemented carbide tip, desired physical properties may not be obtained as the cemented carbide tip, so the remaining raw material cobalt powder is dissolved and removed by the pickling device. ing.

The cleaning of the cemented carbide chips with an acid is carried out by immersing the cemented carbide chips in a pickling tank containing about 10% dilute nitric acid for a predetermined time, for example, about 10 minutes. In such an apparatus, the dilute nitric acid contained in the pickling tank reacts with the cobalt particles in the surface layer every time the cemented carbide tip is immersed to form cobalt nitrate, so that the oxidizing power is gradually reduced, There is a large variation in cleaning quality from product to product at the beginning and end of one batch of nitric acid. In order to reduce the variation, it is possible to measure the concentration of dilute nitric acid in the pickling tank and replace the dilute nitric acid when the predetermined oxidizing power is lost, but the concentration of dilute nitric acid is usually Since it is measured by the nitrate ion concentration, it is shown as the total of the concentration of the dilute nitric acid itself and the concentration of the produced cobalt nitrate in the pickling tank, and it is difficult to grasp the concentration of the dilute nitric acid itself.

Therefore, when using the pickling tank,
Instead of measuring the concentration of dilute nitric acid, the dilute nitric acid obtained by washing a predetermined number of the cemented carbide chips is considered to have lost the predetermined oxidizing power, and all is discarded, so that it is replaced with new dilute nitric acid. There is. However, since the dilute nitric acid is exchanged once every 5 to 6 hours when the pickling is performed on a normal scale, a large amount of dilute nitric acid contaminated with the reaction product is discarded, and Since dilute nitric acid contains heavy metals, there is a disadvantage that a large-scale wastewater treatment facility is required.

Further, with the recent spread of cleaning methods using ultrasonic waves, it has been attempted to use ultrasonic cleaning in the pickling tank together. When ultrasonic cleaning is used in combination, the cemented carbide tip can be cleaned more efficiently by the synergistic effect of acid and ultrasonic waves, but as a result, the amount of the reaction product produced also increases, so The oxidizing power of the dilute nitric acid supplied to the washing tank is extremely reduced, the frequency of exchanging the dilute nitric acid is increased, and the amount of dilute nitric acid contaminated with the reaction product is further increased.

An ultrasonic cleaning device for cleaning the surface of a work without using an acid is also known. Such an ultrasonic cleaning device may be used, for example, to perform cutting, boring, polishing, etc. on a metal material, cutting on glass, ceramics, etc., or extrusion molding of plastic,
It is used to remove burrs, material scraps, oil, etc. adhering to the surface of molded products manufactured by injection molding, etc. Generally, a cleaning liquid is used in a cleaning tank equipped with an ultrasonic vibrator at the bottom. And an rinsing cleaning tank for rinsing the workpiece cleaned in the ultrasonic cleaning tank, and a drying unit for drying the rinse-cleaned workpiece.

The molded product is first immersed in the cleaning liquid contained in the ultrasonic cleaning tank, and ultrasonic waves are radiated from the ultrasonic vibrator to the cleaning liquid. Then, cavitation is generated in the cleaning liquid by the ultrasonic waves, and the molded product is exposed to a shock wave generated due to the collapse of the cavitation, thereby removing material scraps, oil, etc. adhering to the surface thereof. To be done. When the cleaning liquid is an aqueous solvent, a cleaning liquid containing a detergent such as a surfactant is often used in order to emulsify and easily remove the oil.

The ultrasonic cleaning tank is generally used by circulating the cleaning liquid. The ultrasonic cleaning tank is provided with a cleaning liquid outflow port and a cleaning liquid inflow port, and the cleaning liquid outflow port is connected to the ultrasonic cleaning tank. The cleaning liquid taken out is subjected to a predetermined treatment such as removal of oil content, filtration of foreign matter such as material scraps, deaeration, etc., and then is returned to the ultrasonic cleaning tank from the cleaning liquid inlet.

The molded product is cleaned in an ultrasonic cleaning tank and then immersed in a rinse cleaning tank. A rinse liquid is stored in the rinse cleaning tank, and the cleaning liquid that adheres to the molded product and is brought into the ultrasonic cleaning tank is rinsed. The rinse cleaning tank is provided with an ultrasonic transducer at the bottom, so that when the work is immersed in the rinse liquid, ultrasonic waves are emitted to the rinse liquid, and tap water is usually used as the rinse liquid. It The rinse liquid is discarded every time the work is rinsed to improve the rinse effect of the work.

Then, the molded product is washed in a rinse washing tank and finally dried by a drying means to obtain a final product.

According to the ultrasonic cleaning apparatus, since the molded product is cleaned by immersing it in the cleaning liquid and the rinse liquid, even a small machine part such as a machine part can be processed in a large amount at one time. Therefore, it can be efficiently washed. However, in the ultrasonic cleaning device, although the cleaning liquid in the ultrasonic cleaning tank is circulated and used as described above,
In the rinse cleaning tank, the rinse liquid contaminated by the cleaning liquid adhering to the molded product and brought in from the ultrasonic cleaning tank is discarded every time the molded product is rinse-cleaned, so that the waste amount becomes large. There is.

[0013]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a cleaning device capable of eliminating such inconvenience and reducing the amount of contaminated cleaning liquid to be discarded.

[0014]

In order to achieve the above object, a cleaning apparatus of the present invention is a cleaning apparatus for cleaning a work by immersing the work in a cleaning liquid contained in a cleaning tank. A contaminated cleaning liquid containing contaminants removed from the work by cleaning in the cleaning tank is taken out of the cleaning tank and separated into a contaminated cleaning liquid in which the contaminants are concentrated and a cleaning liquid substantially free of the contaminants. A contaminated cleaning liquid separating means is provided, and a contaminated cleaning liquid disposal means for taking out and discarding the contaminated cleaning liquid concentrated with the contaminated cleaning liquid from the contaminated cleaning liquid separating means is provided, and the contaminated cleaning liquid separating means does not substantially contain the contaminant. It is characterized in that a cleaning liquid circulating means for taking out the cleaning liquid and circulating it in the cleaning tank is provided.

As the means for separating the contaminated cleaning liquid, for example, a module using an ultrafiltration membrane such as a cellulose acetate-based or polyether-based composite membrane manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc. is suitable. The ultrafiltration membrane is selected and used depending on the contaminants to be separated.

In the cleaning apparatus of the present invention, a storage tank for temporarily storing the contaminated cleaning liquid is provided between the cleaning tank and the contaminated cleaning liquid separating means, and the cleaning liquid in which the contaminants are concentrated is collected from the contaminated cleaning liquid separating means. Contaminant cleaning liquid circulation means for taking out and circulating it in the storage tank is provided, and the storage tank is provided with the contaminated cleaning liquid disposal means.

In the cleaning apparatus of the present invention, the cleaning tank is immersed in an acid solution housed in the cleaning tank to cause the reaction between the acid solution and the surface layer of the workpiece to convert the reaction product into the acid solution. A pickling tank for cleaning the surface of the work by dissolving, wherein the acid solution containing the reaction product as the contaminant is substantially the same as the acid solution in which the reaction product is concentrated by the contaminated cleaning solution circulating means. Is separated into an acid solution containing no reaction product.

Further, in the cleaning apparatus of the present invention, the cleaning tank rinses a work cleaned in another cleaning tank and rinses another cleaning liquid used in the other cleaning tank adhering to the work. In the rinse cleaning tank, the rinse liquid containing the other cleaning liquid as the contaminant is a rinse liquid in which the other cleaning liquid is concentrated by the contaminated cleaning liquid circulating means, and the rinse liquid is substantially free of the other cleaning liquid. It is characterized in that it is separated into a liquid.

In the cleaning apparatus of the present invention, when the cleaning tank is a rinse cleaning tank and the other cleaning liquid contains a detergent, it is emulsified in the detergent between the rinse cleaning tank and the contaminated cleaning liquid separating means. A means for removing emulsified oil is provided to remove the oil that has accumulated.

The cleaning apparatus of the present invention may be an ultrasonic cleaning tank in which the cleaning tank has an ultrasonic vibrator at the bottom.

[0021]

According to the cleaning apparatus of the present invention, the contaminated cleaning liquid containing the contaminants removed from the work by cleaning in the cleaning tank is taken out from the cleaning tank and supplied to the contaminated cleaning liquid separating means. Next, the contaminated cleaning liquid is separated by the contaminated cleaning liquid separating means into a contaminated cleaning liquid in which contaminants are concentrated and a cleaning liquid substantially free of contaminant substances.

Then, only the contaminated cleaning liquid, which is the contaminated cleaning liquid separated from the contaminated cleaning liquid separating means, is discarded by the contaminated cleaning liquid discarding means, and the cleaning liquid containing substantially no contaminant material is washed by the cleaning liquid circulating means. Returned to the tank. Therefore, according to the cleaning apparatus of the present invention, the contaminated cleaning liquid is concentrated and discarded by the contaminated cleaning liquid separation means, so that the amount of waste is reduced and the substantially contaminated substance separated by the contaminated cleaning liquid separation means is reduced. Since the cleaning liquid containing no quality is returned to the cleaning tank for reuse, the cleaning liquid itself can be saved.

Further, according to the cleaning apparatus of the present invention, a storage tank for temporarily storing the contaminated cleaning liquid is provided between the cleaning tank and the contaminated cleaning liquid separating means, and the contaminant is concentrated from the contaminated cleaning liquid separating means. By providing the contaminated cleaning liquid circulating means for taking out the cleaned cleaning liquid and circulating it in the storage tank, the contaminated cleaning liquid concentrated by the contaminated cleaning liquid separating means is supplied to the storage tank by the contaminated cleaning liquid circulation means, and is discharged from the storage tank. The contaminated cleaning liquid is supplied to the contaminated cleaning liquid separating means again, so that the contaminated cleaning liquid further concentrated in the storage tank can be obtained. Therefore, by providing the contaminated cleaning liquid discarding means in the storage tank, the contaminated cleaning liquid is further concentrated and discarded, and the amount of the contaminated cleaning liquid discarded is further reduced.

In the cleaning apparatus of the present invention, when the cleaning tank is a pickling tank, the acid solution containing the reaction product of the pickling as a contaminant is an acid solution in which the reaction product is concentrated by the contaminated cleaning liquid separating means. The solution is separated into an acid solution that is substantially free of reaction products. Then, only the acid solution in which the reaction product extracted from the contaminated cleaning liquid separating means is concentrated is discarded by the contaminated cleaning liquid disposal means, and the acid solution substantially containing no reaction product is cleaned by the cleaning liquid circulation means. Returned to the tank.

Further, in the cleaning apparatus of the present invention, when the cleaning tank is a rinse cleaning tank for rinsing a work cleaned in another cleaning tank and rinsing the other cleaning liquid adhering to the work. The rinse liquid containing the other cleaning liquid as a contaminant is separated by the contaminated cleaning liquid separating means into a rinse liquid in which the other cleaning liquid is concentrated and a rinse liquid substantially not containing the other cleaning liquid. Then, only the rinse liquid in which the other cleaning liquid extracted from the contaminated cleaning liquid separating means is concentrated is discarded by the contaminated cleaning liquid discarding means, and the rinse liquid substantially free of the other cleaning liquid is rinsed by the cleaning liquid circulating means. It is returned to the washing tank.

When the other cleaning liquid contains a detergent, the cleaning liquid contains the oil removed from the work in an emulsified state. When the emulsified oil component is supplied to the contaminated cleaning liquid separating device, the emulsified state is destroyed by the contaminated cleaning liquid separating device, and the oil component tends to shorten the life of the contaminated cleaning liquid separating device.

Therefore, when the cleaning tank is a rinse cleaning tank and the other cleaning liquid contains a detergent, the oil component emulsified in the detergent is removed between the rinse cleaning tank and the contaminated cleaning liquid separating means. By providing the emulsified oil content removing means, the life of the contaminated cleaning liquid separating means is extended.

Further, according to the cleaning apparatus of the present invention, the cleaning efficiency is improved because the cleaning tank is an ultrasonic cleaning tank having an ultrasonic vibrator at the bottom. As a result, the concentration of pollutants in the cleaning liquid is higher than in the case where ultrasonic waves are not used together, but since the contaminated cleaning liquid is concentrated as described above in the cleaning device of the present invention, the amount of waste of the contaminated cleaning liquid is reduced. The increase can be avoided.

[0029]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, the cleaning apparatus of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a cleaning apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a cleaning apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

Next, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described.

In the first embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1, the cleaning tank 1 is a pickling tank, and an ultrasonic vibrator 2 is provided at the bottom portion thereof.
When the carbide tip 4 made of a cobalt alloy is immersed, ultrasonic waves are radiated from the ultrasonic vibrator 2 to the dilute nitric acid 3 to dilute the nitric acid 3.
An ultrasonic cleaning tank 5 for cleaning the cemented carbide tip 4 by reacting the surface layer of the cemented carbide tip 4 with the reaction product in dilute nitric acid 3 and provided adjacent to the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5. An overflow tank 6 for containing dilute nitric acid 3 which overflows when the cemented carbide tip 4 is immersed in the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5.
Consists of. The ultrasonic cleaning tank 5 and the overflow tank 6 are connected by an inclined drainage path 7.

An outlet 8 through which the dilute nitric acid 3 flows out is provided above the overflow tank 6, and an inlet 9 through which the dilute nitric acid 3 flows into is provided on the side surface of the pickling tank 5. The inflow port 9 has a built-in rectifying device (not shown) that allows the inflowing dilute nitric acid 3 to form a laminar flow parallel to the ultrasonic transducer 2 in the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5.

The outlet 8 is provided with a conduit 10, and the conduit 1
Reference numeral 0 is connected to an ultrafiltration membrane module 11 for separating the dilute nitric acid 3 containing the reaction product into the dilute nitric acid 3 in which the reaction product is concentrated and the dilute nitric acid 3 containing substantially no reaction product. , Overflow tank 6 and ultrafiltration membrane module 11
A storage tank 12 for temporarily storing the dilute nitric acid 3 containing the reaction product is provided between and. Further, a pump 13 is provided between the ultrafiltration membrane module 11 of the conduit 10 and the storage tank 12, and the diluted nitric acid 3 temporarily stored in the storage tank 12 is supplied to the ultrafiltration membrane module 11 by the pump 13. It is like this.

The ultrafiltration membrane module 11 is provided with a conduit 14 as a cleaning liquid circulating means for taking out dilute nitric acid 3 substantially containing no reaction product and circulating it in the cleaning tank 1.
The conduit 14 is connected to the inflow port 9 of the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5. Further, the ultrafiltration membrane module 11 is provided with a conduit 15 as a contaminated cleaning liquid circulating means for taking out the diluted nitric acid 3 in which the reaction product is concentrated, and the conduit 15 is connected to the storage tank 12.

At the bottom of the storage tank 12, there is provided a cleaning liquid discarding conduit 12a as a contaminated cleaning liquid discarding means for discarding the dilute nitric acid 3 in which the reaction product taken out from the ultrafiltration membrane module 11 is discarded. Cleaning liquid disposal conduit 12a
Can be opened / closed by an on-off valve 12b attached thereto.

On the side of the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5 facing the inflow port 9, a rectifying device for discharging the diluted nitric acid 3 out of the bath without disturbing the laminar flow of the diluted nitric acid 3 formed by the inflow port 9 (see FIG. A discharge port 16 having a built-in (not shown) is provided. Inlet 9
The discharge port 16 is connected to the outside of the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5 via a conduit 17, and the pump 18 provided in the conduit 17 discharges the diluted nitric acid 3 in the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5 from the discharge port 16 From the first through the conduit 17 to the inlet 9
It constitutes the circulation means of. A filter 19 is provided in the conduit 17 downstream of the pump 18 to remove impurities such as fine dust generated when the cemented carbide tip 4 is washed.

Since the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5 and the overflow tank 6 tend to have higher concentrations of reaction products at the bottoms thereof, the dilute nitric acid 3 discharge conduits 20a, 2 are provided at the bottoms thereof.
0b is provided. The discharge conduits 20a and 20b are connected to the conduit 17, and are branched from the conduit 17 downstream of the filter 19 and provided at the upper part of the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5 at the supply port 2
Together with the stirring conduit 21 connected to 2, the second circulation means is constituted. The second circulation means takes out the diluted nitric acid 3 from the bottoms of the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5 and the overflow tank 6 and mixes it with the diluted nitric acid 3 taken out from the discharge port 16 in the conduit 17, and the pump 9 makes the inlet 9 Part of the diluted nitric acid 3 circulated in the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5 is circulated to the supply port 22 provided in the upper portion of the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5 to stir the diluted nitric acid 3 in the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5.

The conduit 17 and the discharge conduits 20a, 2
0b, a valve 23 is appropriately provided in the supply conduit 21 so that the flow rate of each conduit can be adjusted. Only one of the first and second circulation means can be used by operating the valve 23, or both means can be used together.

Next, the pickling of the cemented carbide chip 4 by the cleaning apparatus of this embodiment will be described.

It is known that it is preferable that the amount of gas dissolved in the cleaning liquid is small in order to advantageously perform ultrasonic cleaning, and the dissolved gas is removed from the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5 by a degassing device (not shown). The vaporized dilute nitric acid 3 is supplied. By dipping the cemented carbide tip 4 in the dilute nitric acid 3 supplied to the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5 and irradiating the dilute nitric acid 3 with ultrasonic waves by the ultrasonic vibrator 2, the cemented carbide tip 4 is cleaned. Hard tip 4
The unsintered cobalt particles existing in the gaps between the particles of the tungsten-cobalt alloy in the surface layer of the above react with the dilute nitric acid 3 to form cobalt nitrate (reaction product) and dissolve in the dilute nitric acid 3. Therefore, the diluted nitric acid 3 in the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5 contains the reaction product as a contaminant.

When the cemented carbide tip 4 is dipped in the dilute nitric acid 3 in the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5 for pickling by the ultrasonic cleaning, the dilute nitric acid 3 containing the reaction product is inclined to the drainage path 7. Through the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5 to the overflow tank 6. Then, the dilute nitric acid 3 containing the reaction product is
It is taken out from an outflow port 8 provided at the upper part of the overflow tank 6 and is passed through a storage tank 12 by a conduit 10 to a pump 13
Is supplied to the ultrafiltration membrane module 11.

The ultrafiltration membrane separates the solute in the solution according to the relationship between the membrane and each molecule, for example, a partition coefficient determined by the permeability of the membrane depending on the size of the molecule. For example, a cellulose acetate-based or polyether-based composite membrane made by the same can be used. When dilute nitric acid 3 containing the reaction product is permeated through such an ultrafiltration membrane, the nitric acid molecule is much smaller than the cobalt nitrate molecule, so that the reaction product on the primary side of the ultrafiltration membrane follows the partition coefficient. Is obtained, and dilute nitric acid 3 having a depleted reaction product is obtained on the secondary side. When the ultrafiltration membranes are used in combination in a plurality of stages in series, the degree of separation of reaction products is improved geometrically. Therefore, a plurality of hollow fiber ultrafiltration membranes or spiral ultrafiltration membranes are used. By using the ultrafiltration membrane module 11 housed therein, the reaction products are almost completely separated.

Therefore, the dilute nitric acid 3 taken out from the ultrafiltration membrane module 11 by the conduit 14 does not substantially contain the above reaction product, and only the clear dilute nitric acid 3 is ultrasonically passed from the conduit 14 through the inflow port 9 and ultrasonic waves. It is circulated to the cleaning tank 5. At this time, the clear dilute nitric acid 3 has a lower acid concentration than the dilute nitric acid 3 in the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5 as a result of separation of the reaction product.

On the other hand, for the diluted nitric acid 3 taken out from the ultrafiltration membrane module 11 by the conduit 15, the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5 is used.
Substantially all of the reaction product contained in the diluted nitric acid 3 flowing out of the storage tank 12 is circulated in the storage tank 12 as compared with the original diluted nitric acid 3. In the storage tank 12, the diluted nitric acid 3 in which the reaction product is concentrated is mixed with the diluted nitric acid 3 taken out from the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5, and the mixed nitric acid 3 is supplied again to the ultrafiltration membrane module 11.

By repeating the above operation, the reaction products are more and more concentrated in the storage tank 12, and the diluted nitric acid 3 containing substantially no reaction products is extracted from the ultrafiltration membrane module 11.
Is taken out. As a result, the concentration of the reaction product contained in the dilute nitric acid 3 is significantly reduced in the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5 as compared with the conventional pickling tank, so that the concentration of the dilute nitric acid 3 can be accurately and easily measured. In addition, the diluted nitric acid 3 can be continuously used for a long time without replacement.

When the diluted nitric acid 3 containing the reaction product is discharged to the outside of the system, the concentration of the reaction product contained in the diluted nitric acid 3 in the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5 is remarkably reduced, so it is necessary to discard it. Instead, the dilute nitric acid 3 in which the reaction product in the storage tank 12 is concentrated may be discarded from the cleaning liquid discarding conduit 12a by opening / closing the opening / closing valve 12b as appropriate. By doing so, it is not necessary to replace all of the dilute nitric acid 3 in the pickling tank 1, and the amount of the dilute nitric acid 3 contaminated by the reaction product and containing heavy metals can be reduced. The effect is that it can be done on a small scale.

The dilute nitric acid 3 containing the reaction product in the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5 is taken out from the discharge port 16 separately from the circulation system passing through the ultrafiltration membrane module 11 described above, and the conduit 17 is provided.
Through the inlet 9 to the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5 via the first
It is also circulated by the circulation means. Since a rectifying device is built in the inflow port 9 and the exhaust port 16, by diluting the dilute nitric acid 3 containing the reaction product in the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5 by the first circulating means, A laminar flow parallel to the ultrasonic oscillator 2 is formed in the dilute nitric acid 3 in the cleaning tank 5, a standing wave of ultrasonic waves emitted from the ultrasonic oscillator 2 is easily formed, and cavitation is easily generated. Can be the environment.

As described above, by radiating ultrasonic waves to the ultrasonic cleaning layer 5 in which the laminar flow parallel to the ultrasonic oscillator 2 is formed, the unsintered cobalt particles and dilute nitric acid 3
The reaction with and is remarkably promoted, and it took about 10 minutes in 10% dilute nitric acid when ultrasonic waves were not emitted.
It can be completed in about 1 minute in 1% -dilute nitric acid. Also, by changing the density of the emitted ultrasonic waves,
The pickled thickness of the surface layer portion of the cemented carbide chip 4 can also be easily controlled.

As a result, the amount of reaction products produced is significantly increased as compared with the case where ultrasonic waves are not used together. However, in the pickling apparatus of this example, the reaction product is separated as described above, and the amount of the reaction product dissolved in the dilute nitric acid 3 in the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5 is significantly reduced. Therefore, despite the combined use of ultrasonic waves, the dilute nitric acid 3 can be continuously used for a long period of time without replacement. Further, since the dilute nitric acid 3 containing substantially no reaction product is also circulated from the inflow port 9 to the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5 via the conduit 14,
It does not disturb the laminar flow.

The diluted nitric acid 3 containing substantially no reaction product, which is circulated from the inflow port 9 to the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5, has the acid concentration reduced as described above, and therefore the ultrasonic cleaning tank is used as it is. When it is circulated to the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5, the concentration of the acid in the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5 becomes locally non-uniform, and the cleaning quality of the cemented carbide tip 4 may vary. However, the dilute nitric acid 3 containing substantially no reaction product is circulated from the inflow port 9 to the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5 as described above, so that the inflow port 1 at the time of inflow.
Since it is mixed with the dilute nitric acid 3 containing the reaction product taken out from 6, the acid concentration distribution in the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5 can be made uniform, and variations in the cleaning quality of the cemented carbide tip 4 can be avoided. it can.

Further, the diluted nitric acid 3 in the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5 and the overflow tank 6 is taken out from the discharge conduits 20a and 20b, and a part of the diluted nitric acid 3 is circulated to the first circulation means or the inflow port 9. Secondly, the liquid is circulated through a stirring conduit 21 to a supply port 22 provided in the upper portion of the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5.
It is circulated by the circulation means. In the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5 and the overflow tank 6, the concentration of the reaction product tends to increase toward the bottom as described above. Therefore, by circulating a part of the reaction product to the supply port 22, the rare gas in the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5 is diluted. The nitric acid 3 is stirred, and the acid concentration distribution in the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5 can be made uniform. As a result, the clear dilute nitric acid 3 circulated from the conduit 14 is prevented from overflowing again with a low content of the reaction product, and the stirred dilute nitric acid 3 passes through the ultrafiltration membrane module 11 described above. Since it is supplied to the circulating system, the amount of the reaction product dissolved in the diluted nitric acid 3 in the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5 can be efficiently reduced.

When the dilute nitric acid 3 containing the reaction product is taken out from the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5, the reaction product is separated and only the dilute nitric acid 3 is circulated in the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5 as described above, The concentration of dilute nitric acid 3 in the sonic cleaning tank 5 gradually decreases.
However, in the pickling apparatus of the present embodiment, the concentration of dilute nitric acid 3 can be accurately measured as described above, so that fresh nitric acid can be replenished to adjust the concentration as needed. For the concentration adjustment, for example, a nitrate ion concentration sensor and a nitric acid replenishment tank are attached to the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5, and the nitrate ion concentration sensor and the nitric acid replenishment tank are provided so that the nitrate ion concentration detected by the nitrate ion concentration sensor has a predetermined value. When:
This can be automatically performed by connecting to a control device that controls so that a predetermined amount of nitric acid is supplied from the nitric acid supplement tank. The nitric acid replenished from the nitric acid replenishment tank is mixed with the dilute nitric acid 3 containing the reaction product in the conduits 17 and 20b by being supplied to the overflow tank 6, so that the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5 has It is possible to avoid sudden fluctuations in the acid concentration.

The dilute nitric acid 3 overflowing from the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5 is guided by the inclined drainage passage 7 to the overflow tank 6 and does not fall in a waterfall shape. The inclusion of air can be avoided and the degassed state is maintained. Therefore,
Even if it is circulated in the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5 as it is, it does not hinder the formation of cavitation by ultrasonic waves.

Although dilute nitric acid 3 is used as the acid solution in this embodiment, other acid solutions such as hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid can be used by selecting an ultrafiltration membrane made of an appropriate material.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.

The cleaning apparatus of this embodiment is an ultrasonic cleaning apparatus equipped with an ultrasonic cleaning tank, a rinse tank, and a drying means.
It is a rinse cleaning tank for rinsing a workpiece ultrasonically cleaned with an aqueous solution of detergent in an ultrasonic cleaning tank. The work is rinsed with the aqueous solution of the detergent in the rinse cleaning tank and then dried by the drying means.

As shown in FIG. 2, the cleaning apparatus of this embodiment stores tap water as a rinse liquid 25 in a cleaning tank 1 for rinsing a molded product 24 ultrasonically cleaned with an aqueous solution of a detergent, and stores the rinse water. The configuration is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 except that the tank 12 is provided with the emulsified oil separation material 26.

That is, the cleaning tank 1 is provided with the ultrasonic vibrator 2 at the bottom thereof, and the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5 is provided adjacent to the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5 and the molded product 24 is immersed in the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5. The overflow tank 6 contains a rinse liquid 25 that sometimes overflows, and the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5 and the overflow tank 6 are connected by an inclined drainage passage 7.
The ultrasonic cleaning tank 5 radiates ultrasonic waves from the ultrasonic vibrator 2 to the rinse liquid 25 when the molded product 24 ultrasonically cleaned with the detergent aqueous solution is immersed in the rinse liquid 25 contained in the tank. Then, cleaning is performed by rinsing the detergent adhering to the surface of the molded product 24.

In the cleaning apparatus of this embodiment, the ultrafiltration membrane module 11 includes a rinse liquid 25 containing the detergent as a contaminant and a rinse liquid 25 containing the detergent and a rinse liquid substantially free of the detergent. It is separated into the liquid 25.

The emulsified oil content removing material 26 is provided to remove the oil content emulsified in the detergent, and the storage tank 1
2 is an emulsified oil content removing material 26, and the rinse liquid 25 flows into the upstream side 26a from the overflow tank 6 and the rinse liquid 2
5 is partitioned by the pump 13 into the downstream side 26b supplied to the ultrafiltration membrane module 11. Then, the conduit 15 as the contaminated cleaning liquid circulating means for taking out the rinse liquid 25 having the detergent concentration increased from the ultrafiltration membrane module 11 is connected to the upstream side 26a of the emulsified oil removing material 26, and the cleaning liquid discarding conduit 12a is It is provided on the downstream side 26 b of the emulsified oil removing material 26.

Next, the rinse cleaning of the molded product 24 by the cleaning apparatus of this embodiment will be described.

The molded product 24 is formed by cutting a metal material,
Burrs, material scraps, etc. attached to the surface produced by boring, polishing, etc., by cutting glass, ceramics, etc., or by extrusion molding of plastic, injection molding, etc. In order to remove the oil content and the like used in the above, ultrasonic cleaning is performed in advance by immersing in an aqueous solution of detergent in the same device as the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5 shown in FIG. The aqueous solution is degassed to an amount of dissolved oxygen of 2 to 5 ppm, which easily causes the cavitation to easily remove burrs, material scraps and the like, and facilitates emulsification of the oil component. The detergent is composed of a surfactant or the like, and is added to the aqueous solution to facilitate emulsification of the oil.

By performing the ultrasonic cleaning as described above, burrs, material scraps, oils, etc. adhering to the surface of the molded product 24 are removed, but the molding is pulled up from the ultrasonic cleaning tank. The detergent containing minute material scraps, emulsified oil, etc. is attached to the processed product 24. Molded product 2
If No. 4 is dried as it is, the minute material scraps, the oil content and the like adhere to the surface of the molded product 24 due to evaporation of the detergent, and a sufficient cleaning effect cannot be obtained.

Therefore, the molded product 24 is immediately immersed in the rinse liquid 25 contained in the cleaning tank 1 of this embodiment after the ultrasonic cleaning, and the rinse cleaning for removing the detergent is performed. The rinse cleaning is performed by immersing the molded product 24 in the rinse liquid 25 supplied to the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5 and irradiating the rinse liquid 25 with ultrasonic waves by the ultrasonic vibrator 2. The detergent adhering to the surface of 24 is rinsed by the rinse liquid 25. Therefore, the rinse liquid 25 in the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5 contains the detergent as a contaminant.

When the molded product 24 is immersed in the rinse liquid 25 in the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5, the rinse liquid 25 containing the detergent is added.
But overflows from the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5 to the overflow tank 6 via the inclined drainage path 7. Next, the rinse liquid 25 containing the detergent is taken out from the outflow port 8 provided in the upper portion of the overflow tank 6, and is upstream 26 of the emulsified oil adsorbent 26 provided in the storage tank 12 by the conduit 10.
led to a. Then, the rinse liquid 25 permeates the emulsified oil content adsorbent 26 from the upstream side 26a to the downstream side 26b, so that the oil content emulsified in the detergent is adsorbed by the emulsified oil content adsorbent 26 and downstream of the emulsified oil content adsorbent 26. A rinse liquid 25 containing no emulsified oil is obtained on the side 26b.

The emulsified oil content adsorbent 26 may be of any type as long as it has the ability to adsorb the emulsified oil content to a surfactant such as a detergent, and is used as described above. Therefore, it is preferable to use a mat-shaped material.

Next, the rinse liquid 25 temporarily stored in the storage tank 12 is supplied to the ultrafiltration membrane module 11 by the pump 13 from the downstream side 26b of the emulsified oil adsorbent 26.
As described above, the rinse liquid 25 is the emulsified oil content adsorbent 26.
Since the emulsified oil content is removed by permeating, the oil content does not adhere to the ultrafiltration membrane when supplied to the ultrafiltration membrane module 11. Therefore, in the cleaning apparatus of this embodiment, the ultrafiltration membrane module 11 can be used for a long period of time without lowering its function.

As the ultrafiltration membrane, as in the case of the first embodiment, for example, a material of a suitable material may be selected and used from cellulose acetate-based or polyether-based composite membranes manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc. When the rinse liquid 25 containing the detergent is permeated through such an ultrafiltration membrane, the rinse liquid 25 enriched with the detergent is obtained on the primary side of the ultrafiltration membrane, and the detergent is enriched on the secondary side. As a result, the rinse liquid 25 in which the oxygen is depleted is obtained.

Therefore, the rinse liquid 25 taken out from the ultrafiltration membrane module 11 by the conduit 14 does not substantially contain the detergent, and the rinse liquid 2 is substantially clear water.
Only 5 is circulated from the conduit 14 through the inflow port 9 to the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5.

On the other hand, the rinse liquid 25 taken out from the ultrafiltration membrane module 11 by the conduit 15 contains substantially all of the detergent contained in the rinse liquid 25 flowing out from the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5. The rinse liquid 25 in which the detergent is concentrated as compared with the rinse liquid 25 is circulated in the storage tank 12. In the storage tank 12, the rinse liquid 25 in which the detergent is concentrated is mixed with the rinse liquid 25 taken out from the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5, and is supplied again to the ultrafiltration membrane module 11.

By repeating the above operation, the detergent is further concentrated in the storage tank 12, and the ultrafiltration membrane module 1
From No. 1, the rinse liquid 25 consisting of the substantially clear water is taken out. As a result, most of the rinse liquid 25 can be repeatedly used in the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5, so that the consumption amount of the rinse liquid 25 can be significantly reduced as compared with the conventional rinse cleaning tank.

Further, when the rinse liquid 25 containing the detergent is discharged to the outside of the system, the rinse liquid 25 in which the detergent is concentrated in the storage tank 12 is discarded from the cleaning liquid discarding conduit 12a by opening / closing the opening / closing valve 12b as appropriate. do it. By doing so, it is not necessary to replace all of the rinse liquid 25 in the cleaning tank 1, and the amount of waste rinse liquid 25 can be reduced.

The rinse liquid 25 containing the water-based solvent in the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5 is taken out from the discharge port 16 separately from the circulation system passing through the ultrafiltration membrane module 11 described above, and the conduit 1
It is also circulated by the first circulation means for circulating the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5 from the inflow port 9 through 7, and as in the first embodiment, a laminar flow parallel to the ultrasonic transducer 2 is formed to cause cavitation. The environment can be easily generated. Further, since the rinse liquid 25 substantially consisting of clear water is also circulated from the inflow port 9 to the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5 via the conduit 14, it does not disturb the laminar flow.

Further, the rinse liquid 25 in the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5 and the overflow tank 6 is taken out from the discharge conduits 20a and 20b and is part of the rinse liquid 25 circulated to the first circulation means or the inflow port 9. Is circulated by a second circulation means that circulates through the stirring conduit 21 to the supply port 22 provided in the upper portion of the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5. As a result,
Since the rinse liquid 25 in the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5 is agitated, the substantially clear rinse liquid 25 circulated from the conduit 14 is prevented from overflowing again while the content of the detergent is low, and the agitation is performed. Since the rinse solution 25 thus supplied is supplied to the circulation system via the ultrafiltration membrane module 11 described above, the amount of the detergent in the ultrasonic cleaning tank 5 can be efficiently reduced.

In the second embodiment, the rinse cleaning of the work ultrasonically cleaned with the aqueous solution of the detergent is described. However, for example, in the case of the rinse cleaning of the work cleaned with another cleaning liquid such as acid. Can be applied. At this time, when the other cleaning liquid does not contain a detergent, the emulsified oil content removing material 26 may not be provided.

[0076]

As is clear from the above, according to the cleaning apparatus of the present invention, the contaminated cleaning liquid is concentrated and discarded by the contaminated cleaning liquid separating means, so that the amount of disposal can be reduced. Further, according to the cleaning device of the present invention, a storage tank for temporarily storing the contaminated cleaning liquid is provided between the cleaning tank and the contaminated cleaning liquid separating means, and the contaminated cleaning liquid concentrated by the contaminated cleaning liquid separating means is again stored in the storage tank. By circulating the cleaning liquid in which the contaminants are concentrated, the cleaning liquid is further concentrated, so that the amount of waste of the contaminated cleaning liquid is further reduced.

The cleaning apparatus of the present invention can be suitably used in a pickling tank or a rinse cleaning tank, and the waste water treatment facility can be made small. Further, when the cleaning device of the present invention is used in a rinse cleaning tank, when contaminants include detergent, the emulsified oil in the detergent is removed between the rinse cleaning tank and the contaminated cleaning liquid separating means. By providing the emulsified oil content removing means, the life of the contaminated cleaning liquid separating means can be extended.

Further, in the cleaning apparatus of the present invention, the cleaning efficiency can be improved by providing an ultrasonic vibrator at the bottom of the cleaning tank and using the ultrasonic cleaning tank. As a result,
Although the concentration of contaminants in the cleaning liquid is higher than in the case where ultrasonic waves are not used together, in the cleaning apparatus of the present invention, by concentrating the contaminated cleaning liquid as described above, the amount of waste of the contaminated cleaning liquid can be reduced. You can

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a first embodiment of a cleaning apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a second embodiment of the cleaning apparatus according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Cleaning tank, 2 ... Ultrasonic transducer, 3 ... Cleaning liquid, 4
... Workpiece, 5 ... Ultrasonic cleaning tank, 11 ... Contamination cleaning liquid separating means, 12 ... Storage tank, 14 ... Cleaning liquid circulating means, 15
... Contamination cleaning liquid circulating means, 24 ... Work, 25 ... Cleaning liquid, 26 ... Emulsified oil separation means.

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A cleaning device for cleaning a work by immersing the work in a cleaning liquid housed in a cleaning tank, the contaminated cleaning liquid containing contaminants removed from the work by cleaning in the cleaning tank. A contaminated cleaning liquid separating means for separating the contaminated cleaning liquid in which the contaminants are concentrated and the cleaning liquid substantially free of the contaminants from the cleaning tank,
A contaminated cleaning liquid discarding means for taking out and discarding the contaminated cleaning liquid concentrated with the contaminants from the contaminated cleaning liquid separating means is provided, and the cleaning liquid substantially free of the contaminants is taken out from the contaminated cleaning liquid separating means and put into the cleaning tank. A cleaning device comprising a cleaning liquid circulating means for circulating the cleaning liquid. 2. A storage tank for temporarily storing the contaminated cleaning liquid is provided between the cleaning tank and the contaminated cleaning liquid separating means, and the cleaning liquid in which the contaminant is concentrated is taken out from the contaminated cleaning liquid separating means. 2. The cleaning apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a contaminated cleaning liquid circulating means for circulating the contaminated cleaning liquid, and the contaminated cleaning liquid discarding means provided in the storage tank. 3. The cleaning tank is prepared by immersing a work in an acid solution contained in the cleaning tank to react the acid solution with the surface layer of the work to dissolve a reaction product in the acid solution. A pickling tank for cleaning the surface of a work, wherein an acid solution containing the reaction product as the contaminant is substantially the same as the acid solution in which the reaction product is concentrated by the contaminated cleaning liquid circulating means. The cleaning apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the cleaning apparatus is separated into an acid solution containing no. 4. A rinse cleaning tank in which the cleaning tank rinses a work cleaned in another cleaning tank and rinses another cleaning liquid used in the other cleaning tank adhering to the work. And a rinse liquid containing the other cleaning liquid as the contaminant is separated by the contaminated cleaning liquid circulating means into a rinse liquid in which the other cleaning liquid is concentrated and a rinse liquid containing substantially no other cleaning liquid. The cleaning device according to claim 1, wherein: 5. When the other cleaning liquid contains a detergent, an emulsified oil removing means for removing oil emulsified in the detergent is provided between the rinse cleaning tank and the contaminated cleaning liquid separating means. The cleaning device according to claim 4, wherein: 6. The cleaning apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the cleaning tank is an ultrasonic cleaning tank having an ultrasonic transducer at the bottom.