JPH06118956A - Electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable a special playing method, which can be obtained by detaching only a damper without generating a sound corresponding to a key of the electronic musical instrument when the key is pressed very slowly, similar ly to a natural musical instrument. CONSTITUTION:A playing operation means is operated so as instruct the generation of a musical sound. A touch data generating means detects an operation touch given at the time of the operation of the playing operation means and outputs touch data corresponding to the operation touch on each operation. A musical sound control means does not perform a normal sounding process as to a 1st musical sound whose touch data is less than a specific value and generates the 1st musical sound as a resonant sound of a 2nd musical sound on condition that the 2nd musical sound is generated and also sustains attenuated sounding on condition that the same sound as the 1st musical sound is being generated while attenuated.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention performs sound generation assignment processing according to the size of touch data output for each operation in response to an operation touch of a performance operation means such as a key in a keyboard type electronic musical instrument during performance. Regarding electronic musical instruments.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a keyboard type electronic musical instrument, the operation force or operation speed when a key is operated is detected as touch data (velocity data), and the tone color, pitch, volume of a musical tone is detected according to the touch data. By playing and controlling the etc., a performance closer to a natural musical instrument is performed. A device that controls the sound generation of musical tones according to touch data is called a touch response device.

[0003]

However, the touch response device in the conventional electronic musical instrument simply detects the operation speed of the key, and does not accurately simulate the operation of the key such as the piano. . In other words, in a natural musical instrument such as a piano, when a key is pressed very slowly, no new sound is produced for that key and only the damper is disengaged. Even when a key is pressed slowly, the device produces a small musical sound by performing sound generation processing for the key.

Further, in a natural musical instrument such as a piano, when a certain key is pressed and the damper is removed by maintaining the depressed state, the string corresponding to the key out of the damper is It is known to resonate with the vibrations of other strings and produce a small sound even if a key operation such as key depression is not performed. Therefore, a natural musical instrument may utilize such a phenomenon to perform the following special rendition. For example,
In the treble range, the keys that make up the chord of the C major are pressed at an operation speed that does not sound, and the damper is removed, and the C tone is strongly pressed in the low range. Then, the strings corresponding to the chords of the C major with the dampers in the high range disengaged resonate, and a tone color in which the chords corresponding to the major components are emphasized can be generated. If the damper of the chord corresponding to the minor chord is removed, the tone color with the minor component emphasized can be generated.

Further, in the case of a natural musical instrument such as a piano, the following special rendition may be performed in combination with a damper pedal. For example, a low-pitched sound with little attenuation is strongly pressed, and the damper pedal is depressed to release the key. At this time, the sound in the low frequency range is maintained by the damper pedal. Next, after playing in the treble range, re-depress the key in the low-range tone you pressed earlier, at an operation speed that would not sound this time, and then release the damper pedal. Then, the high range sound is dumped, and only the re-depressed low range sound is maintained. However, in the conventional touch response device for an electronic musical instrument, even if a key operation is performed at a speed that does not produce a sound in order to perform such a special playing method, the key is reproducible and the attack is reproducible. I was not able to perform the special playing method described above, which was possible with natural musical instruments, because the tones in the lower bass range were erased in the extreme case.

The present invention has been made in view of the above point, and can be realized by removing only the damper without producing a sound for the key when the key is operated very slowly like a natural musical instrument. It is an object of the present invention to provide an electronic musical instrument capable of performing various special playing methods.

[0007]

An electronic musical instrument according to a first aspect of the present invention detects a performance operating means operated for instructing the generation of a musical tone and an operation touch applied when operating the performance operating means, With respect to the touch data generating means for outputting touch data corresponding to the operation touch for each operation, and the first tone having the size of the touch data equal to or less than a predetermined value, normal sound generation processing is not performed, and other And the tone control means for generating the first tone as a resonance of the second tone, provided that the second tone is generated.

The electronic musical instrument according to the second aspect of the invention detects a performance operating means operated to instruct the generation of a musical sound and an operation touch applied when operating the performance operating means, and the operation is performed for each operation. The touch data generating means for outputting touch data corresponding to a touch and the first musical tone whose magnitude of the touch data is equal to or smaller than a predetermined value are the same as the first musical tone without performing the normal sound generation processing. Musical tone control means for maintaining the attenuated sound on condition that the sound is being attenuated.

[0009]

[Function] Conventionally, since the tone generation processing according to the envelope of attack, decay, sustain, release, etc. is performed according to the touch data output from the touch data generation means, it is natural that a natural musical instrument will not be pronounced slowly. Even when the touch data is operated at a certain speed, a certain value is output as the touch data. Therefore, the musical tone control means performs the sound generation processing according to the size of the touch data. On the other hand, in the first and second inventions, a slow operation in which the first musical tone output from the touch data generating means is equal to or less than a predetermined value in a natural musical instrument is not sounded. It is determined that the speed is reached, and normal sound generation processing is not performed. Then, instead of the normal sounding process, in the first invention, the first musical sound is sounded as a resonance sound with respect to the other second musical sound on condition that another musical sound is being sounded. In the second invention, the attenuated sound is maintained on condition that the same sound as the first musical tone is being attenuated. Therefore, even with an electronic musical instrument, by operating it very slowly, it is possible to remove only the damper without producing a normal sound, and to play a natural musical instrument by releasing only the damper and producing a resonance sound. It is possible to realize a special playing method exactly as in.

[0010]

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 2 is a hardware block diagram showing the overall configuration of an electronic musical instrument incorporating the sound-assignment device according to the present invention. In this embodiment, various processes are executed under the control of a microcomputer system including a microprocessor unit (CPU) 20, a program ROM 21, a data and working RAM 22. The CPU 20 controls the operation of the entire electronic musical instrument. For this CPU 20, a program ROM 21, a data and working RAM 22, a keyboard interface 2 via a data and address bus 29.
3, a tone synthesis circuit 24, a panel interface 25 and an analog-digital converter (ADC) 2A are connected.

The program ROM 21 stores data such as a system program of the CPU 20 and various parameters related to musical tones, and is a read only memory (RO).
M). Data and working RAM2
2 is a memory for temporarily storing performance data and various data generated when the CPU 20 executes a program. Predetermined address areas of a random access memory (RAM) are allocated to each of them and used as registers and flags. Used.

The keyboard 26 is provided with a plurality of keys for selecting the pitch of a musical tone to be produced, has a key switch corresponding to each key, and a pressing force detecting device as required. And other touch detection means. It goes without saying that the keyboard 26 may be a performance operator other than this as long as it is a basic operator for playing music. The keyboard interface 23 is configured to include a circuit composed of a plurality of key switches provided corresponding to each key of the keyboard 26 for designating the pitch of a musical tone to be generated, and a new key is When the key is pressed, the key-on event information is output, and when the key is newly released, the key-off event information is output. In addition, a process of generating touch data is performed by determining the key pressing operation speed or the pressing force when the key is pressed, and the generated touch data is output as velocity data. As described above, the key-on / key-off event information and the velocity information are expressed by the MIDI standard and include the data indicating the key code and the assigned channel.

The panel interface 25 outputs operation data corresponding to the operation status of each operator (switch) provided on the operation panel 28 as event information. The operation panel 28 displays the tone color, volume, pitch,
It selects, sets, and controls various parameters such as effects, and is composed of normal operating elements such as switches. Therefore, when the operation panel 28 is operated, the CPU 20 outputs a control signal corresponding to the operation to the tone synthesis circuit 24, and variously controls the tone color and the like of the tone signal synthesized by the tone synthesis circuit 24.

The damper pedal 2B is a type of operator operated by the operator's foot, and outputs an analog angle signal corresponding to the operation angle to the analog-digital converter 2A. The analog-digital converter 2A converts the analog angle signal from the damper pedal 2B into a "0" or "1" pedal signal and outputs it. When the pedal signal is "0", the depression amount of the damper pedal 2B is small, indicating that the pedal is not operated (damper pedal is off). When the pedal signal is "1", the depression amount is large and the pedal is operated. Shows the closed state (damper pedal on).

The tone synthesizing circuit 24 is capable of simultaneously generating tone signals on a plurality of channels, and inputs performance data (data conforming to the MIDI standard) given via the data and address bus 29. A tone signal is generated based on performance data. Any tone signal generation method in the tone synthesis circuit 24 may be used. For example,
A memory reading method for sequentially reading the musical tone waveform sample value data stored in the waveform memory according to the address data that changes corresponding to the pitch of the musical tone to be generated, or a predetermined frequency modulation calculation using the above address data as phase angle parameter data. And a known method such as an FM method for obtaining musical tone waveform sample value data or a method for performing a predetermined amplitude modulation calculation using the above address data as phase angle parameter data to obtain musical tone waveform sample value data. You may. The musical tone signal generated from the musical tone synthesizing circuit 24 is sounded through a sound system 27 (consisting of an amplifier and a speaker).

Next, the microcomputer (CPU2
0) will be described with reference to the flowcharts of FIG. 1 and FIG. Figure 3
It is a figure which shows an example of the main routine which a microcomputer processes. This main routine is sequentially executed in the following steps. Step 31: First, when the power is turned on, the CPU 20
Starts processing according to the control program stored in the program ROM 21. Then, in this "initialize" processing, various registers and flags in the data and working RAM 22 are initialized.

Step 32: It is judged whether or not there is a key event generated by the operation of the keyboard 26,
If there is an event (YES), the process proceeds to the next step 33, and if there is no event (NO), the process proceeds to step 34. Step 33: Execute key processing according to the operation of the keyboard 26. Details of this key processing are shown in FIG. Step 34: It is determined whether or not there is a panel event generated by the operation of the operation panel 28. If there is an event (YES), the process proceeds to the next step 35, and if there is no event (NO), the process proceeds to step 36. move on. Step 35: The panel processing according to the operation of the operation panel 28 is executed.

Step 36: It is judged whether or not there is a change (pedal event) in the pedal signal output from the analog-digital converter 2A due to the operation of the damper pedal 2B. If there is an event (YES), the next step 37
If there is no event (NO), the process returns. Step 37: The damper pedal 2B in the previous step 36
Is operated and it is determined that there is a pedal event. Therefore, it is determined here whether or not the pedal event is a pedal-on event. If it is an on-event (YES), proceed to step 3A, and if it is an off-event (NO), Proceed to next step 38.

Step 38: The pedal event of the damper pedal 2B is an on event, which means that the damper pedal 2B is depressed from the pedal off state to the pedal on state, and as a result, the damper acting on the strings of all keys is tuned. Since this means that the damper pedal state flag DP has been set to "1", it means that the damper pedal 2B has removed the damper. Step 39: It means that the pedal event of the damper pedal 2B is an off event.
Is returned from the pedal on state to the pedal off state, and as a result, the damper removed from the string acts on the strings of all the keys to enter the dump state, so the damper pedal state flag DP is set to ""0" is set to indicate that the damper pedal 2B is in the dumping state thereafter.

Step 3A: Since the pedal event of the damper pedal 2B has been determined to be an off event in the previous step 37, it is the tone currently being sounded by the tone synthesis circuit 24 and the key code is stored in the key-on buffer KONBF. Key-off KOFF for all unregistered items
And dump processing is performed. That is, even if the tone synthesis circuit 24 is producing sound, the key-on buffer KONBF
If the key code is not registered in, it means that the key is already released (key off). Therefore, when the damper pedal 2B is returned, the dump process is performed and the sound generation is stopped. Here, the fact that the key code is registered in the key-on buffer KONBF means that the damper pedal 2
It means that the damper is removed regardless of the on / off operation of B, and that it is not registered means that the damper is removed or acts according to the on / off operation of the damper pedal 2B. To do.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing details of the key processing in step 33 of FIG. The key processing of FIG. 1 is step 3 of FIG.
This is the process performed when it is determined in 2 that there is a key event. This process is sequentially executed in the next step. Step 11: Type of key event detected by the keyboard interface 23 (key-on KON or key-off K
OFF) in the key event register KEV, the key code corresponding to the key event in the key code register KC,
The velocity (touch data) at that time is stored in the velocity register KV. Step 12: It is judged whether the event stored in the key event register KEV in the previous step 11 is the key-on KON or the key-off KOFF. If the event is the key-on KON (YES), the process proceeds to the next step 13, and the key-off KOFF (N
In the case of O), proceed to step 1A.

Step 13: It is judged whether or not the size of the velocity data stored in the velocity register KV in the previous step 11 is larger than a predetermined value TH. If it is larger (YES), the process proceeds to step 14, otherwise. If so, go to step 19. It is determined in step 12 that the key event is key-on KON, and further step 13
Since it is determined that the size of the velocity data in the velocity register KV is larger than the predetermined value TH, it means that the key event occurs during a normal performance operation, and therefore the following steps 14 to 14 are performed. At 18, the corresponding processing is performed.

Step 14: Key event is key-on KO
Since it is N, channel assignment processing is performed accordingly. That is, when the key in which the key event occurs is the same as the key currently being sounded, the previous sound is dumped and reassigned to that channel. If there is no empty channel, one of the channels is truncated and assigned to that channel.

Step 15: The corresponding key-on KON is played normally on the channel assigned according to the tone color set on the operation panel 28, the key code in the key code register KC and the velocity data in the velocity register KV. Start. Step 16: Store the key code in the corresponding key code register KC in the key-on buffer KONBF. Step 17: It is determined whether or not there is a key code stored in the key-on buffer KONBF that is not being sounded by the tone synthesizing circuit 24 and is not being sounded (YES). Is step 1
8. If it does not exist (NO), the process returns.

Step 18: The key-on buffer KONBF currently stored in the key-on buffer KONBF at step 17 is currently turned on.
In the state, no sound is produced, that is, it is determined that there is no sound on key, which means that the key operation speed is very slow and the magnitude of the velocity data in the velocity register KV is large in step 13. Is a predetermined value T
If it is determined that the value is H or less and only the processing of step 19 is performed and the sound generation processing of steps 14 to 16 is not performed, or if it is a normal key event and steps 14 to 16 are performed.
This corresponds to the case where the sound generation process is performed once, but the sound is naturally muted while the key is pressed. Therefore, in such a case, it means that the damper for the key is removed.
If there is a vacant channel, it is assigned to that channel, and a resonance is produced at a low volume. This corresponds to the phenomenon in which a string removed from the damper produces a small sound in resonance with the vibration of another string in a natural musical instrument.

Step 19: In step 12, it is determined that the key event is the key-on KON, and in step 13, it is determined that the magnitude of the velocity data in the velocity register KV is less than or equal to the predetermined value TH. This means that the key is pressed very slowly to the extent that it does not occur, so the key code KC is stored in the key-on buffer KONBF without performing the tone generation processing in steps 14 and 15, and the key code Return indicating that the damper has been removed for the key. Step 1A: Key event is key-off K in step 12
Since it is determined to be OFF, the corresponding key code is deleted from the key-on buffer KONBF. As a result, the action of the damper on the key having the corresponding key code depends on the on / off operation of the damper pedal 2B.

Step 1B: It is judged whether or not the damper pedal state flag DP is "0". If "0" (YES), the procedure proceeds to step 1C, and if "1" (NO), the procedure returns. That is, the fact that the damper pedal state flag DP is "1" means that the dampers for all the keys have been removed by the damper pedal 2B. In this case, therefore, the key-off process is not performed and the process immediately returns. On the other hand, the damper pedal state flag DP is "0".
That means that the damper by the damper pedal 2B acts on all the keys, so that the process proceeds to the next step 1C and the key-off process is performed. Step 1C: In the previous step 1B, it is determined that the damper pedal state flag DP is "0", and the damper pedal 2B
Since the damper according to (4) acts on all keys, the key-off KOFF is output to the sounding channel which is sounding the corresponding key code KC, and the muffling process is immediately performed.

In the above-described embodiment, when a new key is pressed, the resonance sound is generated for a key that is pressed (damper is removed) but not sounded. However, not limited to this, the state of the sounding channel is always detected and the key is pressed (damper is removed).
As long as it is possible, it may be configured to give an optimum reverberation.
In this case, since the resonance effect cannot be expected so much with respect to the tone generation channel that generates a musical tone with a certain amplitude, it is sufficient to select only the channel with a small amplitude and add the resonance tone.

Further, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the pitch to be resonated is explained as all the key-on pitches.
Not limited to this, the resonance sound may be added even when the dampers of all keys are removed by operating the damper pedal. However, in this case, since the number of sounding channels becomes extremely large, the resonance sound is generated only with respect to the sound that is actually chordally related (the key is pressed with the velocity data of the predetermined value TH or more). It may be added and pronounced.

[0030]

According to the present invention, even in an electronic musical instrument, by operating the key very slowly, it is possible to remove only the damper without producing a sound, and it is possible to remove only such a damper. There is an effect that the special playing method used can be realized exactly like playing a natural musical instrument.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the key processing of FIG. 3 processed by a microcomputer constituting an electronic musical instrument according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a hardware block diagram showing an overall configuration of an electronic musical instrument according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a main routine processed by a microcomputer constituting the electronic musical instrument according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

20 ... CPU, 21 ... Program ROM, 22 ... Data and working RAM, 23 ... Keyboard interface, 2
4 ... Music synthesis circuit, 25 ... Panel interface, 26
... keyboard, 27 ... sound system, 28 ... sound system, 29 ... data and address bus, 2A ... damper pedal, 2B ... analog-digital converter

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A performance operating means operated for instructing the generation of a musical sound, and an operation touch applied when operating the performance operating means are detected, and touch data corresponding to the operation touch is output for each operation. The touch data generating means, and the first tone whose magnitude of the touch data is equal to or less than a predetermined value, on condition that another second tone is generated without performing normal sound generation processing. An electronic musical instrument, comprising: a musical tone control means for generating the first musical tone as a resonance of the second musical tone. 2. A performance operating means operated for instructing the generation of a musical tone, and an operation touch applied when operating the performance operating means, and touch data corresponding to the operation touch is output for each operation. For the touch data generating means and the first musical tone whose magnitude of the touch data is equal to or smaller than a predetermined value, the same tone as the first musical tone is being attenuated without performing a normal tone generation process. An electronic musical instrument, characterized in that the electronic musical instrument is provided with a musical tone control means for sustaining the attenuated sound under the condition.